CN205624328U - Automatic carry walnut shelled device of location - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a walnut shell breaking device with automatic conveying and positioning functions, which comprises at least one walnut fixing mechanism and at least two impact rods, wherein the walnut fixing mechanism is arranged on a rack, a walnut shell breaking mold is provided with walnut positioning holes, positioning quantitative feeding sliders for covering the walnut positioning holes are respectively arranged on two sides of each walnut positioning hole, the side wall of the walnut shell breaking mold is provided with at least two openings communicated with the walnut positioning holes, and a plurality of impact rods penetrate through the openings corresponding to each impact rod under the driving of a moving mechanism to impact walnuts arranged in the walnut positioning holes; the utility model discloses a agitating unit carries out the pay-off, and the structure is exquisite, and efficient and fault rate are extremely low. The utility model discloses a through-hole in feeding hopper discharge gate shape, the location conveying mechanism adopts walnut location cross-section shape, makes the walnut stable unchangeable at the result that a series of whereabouts in-process all can guarantee the location, and the walnut gesture is accurate controllable, has realized automation, the controllability of walnut feed.

Description

The walnut shell-breaking device of automatic transport location

Technical field

This utility model relates to agricultural product processing machinery technology field, more particularly to the walnut shell-breaking of automatic transport location Device.

Background technology

Semen Juglandis, rich in abundant nutrient substance, has the taste of uniqueness, is increasingly pursued by people and like, thus The increasing degree of its volume of production is increasing.Semen Juglandis has certain medical value, therefrom can extract antioxidant, uses In medical research.Semen Juglandis can directly eat after simple process, can make each after being processed by different process Plant food and the health product of various kinds.Edible vegetable oil industry using Semen Juglandis as indispensable raw material, Semen Juglandis through at Reason can obtain walnut oil, can carry out deep processing by walnut oil and obtain side-product, such as mixed oil, salad oil etc..Semen Juglandis removes Outside can as edible oil raw material, also act as the raw material of industry.Semen Juglandis side-product after processing, such as walnut shell and Semen Juglandis grouts etc. can comprehensively utilize again, promotes and is worth, increases economic efficiency.

Walnut Resources in China is enriched, and cultivated area is big, and yield is high, is only second to the U.S., but Walnut Industry is still in primary rank Section, the deep processing of Semen Juglandis, the Exploitation degree of walnut product are also nowhere near.So far, the domestic core not the most being suitable for market demands Fructus Persicae shell-cracking kernel-taking equipment, walnut shell-breaking takes core and depends on greatly and be accomplished manually.Artificial Semen Juglandis, percentage of damage is high, waste is big, work Intensity is high, sanitary condition is poor, crudy is poor, does not reaches the sanitary standard of outbound.It addition, Semen Juglandis internal structure is complicated, shape Different, shell core gap is less, and the kernel breakage that artificial walnut shell-breaking obtains is relatively big, greatly reduces the market price of Semen Juglandis. Mechanization walnut shell-breaking takes core not only can make Semen Juglandis raw material appreciate, and also has important meaning, at present in terms of Semen Juglandis deep processing The orientation problem in walnut shell-breaking equipment feeding procedure on market is a great problem during walnut production, existing several Semen Juglandis material delivery method has the methods such as roller feeding, rotating disk feeding, vibrating disk feeding.

Through retrieval, the most more advanced Semen Juglandis feeding mechanism has following several:

A kind of Multi-station pneumatic impact type walnut shell breaker, the broken shell principle of this device is as follows: by impact cylinder supports method Orchid, impact cylinder, striking head and anvil film composition beating unit；Beating unit air inlet pipe, beating unit control valve and beating unit Composition Semen Juglandis impact system, controller, sensor, clamping device control valve and beating unit control valve composition control device. Sensor provides impact signal for beating unit, and the striking head impact anvil film in beating unit, Semen Juglandis is real by the impact of anvil film Existing broken shell, this Multi-station pneumatic impact type walnut shell breaker improves work efficiency, it is ensured that shell-breaking efficiency, it is achieved that rejuvenator Tool, saves manpower and materials, improves sanitary condition, eliminates the pollution to kernel in operation process, but by impact The impulsive force of device carries out broken shell and cannot ensure the complete separation of shell core, and the integrity of Semen Juglandis also can not be guaranteed, unfavorable Deep processing in Semen Juglandis.

Conic basket type shell-breaking machine of walnut hulling machine.The operation principle of this device: hulling machine is by outer broken shell body and interior broken Housing forms, and mainly utilizes friction and Extrusion principle to realize broken shell.Outer broken shell body is provided with falls from power, and inside and outside broken shell body is additionally provided with many The tiltedly projection of striated, and through special process, increase, with this, the roughness that broken shell body contacts with Semen Juglandis, Semen Juglandis is through pan feeding Mouth enters the broken shell chamber between outer broken shell body and interior broken shell body, makees spinning motion with the rotation of interior broken shell body, and at the narrowest place Throw away through discharging opening after broken shell.Slack adjuster is made up of worm and gear, rule, regulation handle, rotates regulation handle control Gap between broken shell chamber processed and angle.Make the minimum widith small fish shell diameter of top clearance, and close to walnut kernel Big external diameter.Adapting to the Semen Juglandis being in various forms, shell-breaking rate is higher, but the principle being dependent on rolling broken shell can not effectively control walnut shell Uniform stressed, easily makes Semen Juglandis become comminution.

A kind of centrifugal walnut shell breaking machine.This device is a kind of centrifugal walnut shell-breaking driven by motor and belt pulley Machine, changes the rotating speed of movable cutter set by motor inverter, it is possible to achieve variety classes, different broken shell need (broken shell, a secondary Broken shell) walnut shell-breaking.Semen Juglandis, after the movable cutter set of high speed rotating throws away, impinges upon on guide plate, realizes broken shell through collision. Minimum range between movable cutter set and guide plate ensures that, between 70～100 millimeters, such design had both improve broken shell effect, In turn ensure that Semen Juglandis shell core after broken shell can leave broken shell district smoothly.The guide plate being welded on enclosure sidewall is with axial In 25～40 degree of angles, it is ensured that Semen Juglandis and guide plate have suitable impact force, but the controllability of walnut shell-breaking is the highest, rounds core Rate is the highest, does not meets the requirement in market, and the practical application in terms of Semen Juglandis processing is the highest.

Varied clearance Multi-roller extruding formula shell-breaking machine of walnut, descending by main broken shell roller and auxiliary presenting of forming of broken shell roller Discontinuity multistation extrusion cracking working area so that the degree that Semen Juglandis is extruded gradually is deepened, improves high dew core rate, and auxiliary is broken Shell roller can regulate with main broken shell roller radial distance, is adapted to the Semen Juglandis that kind is not of uniform size, but working procedure is complex, Controllability is the highest, and actual application is the strongest.

Walnut shell-breaking device patent.This hulling machine operation principle is as follows: after Semen Juglandis is fed by spout, fills through material toggling Putting the single feeding realizing Semen Juglandis, after sheave feed mechanism 90-degree rotation, Semen Juglandis enters vertical channel, and the level that eventually falls in is led to Road, under the cooperation of mechanism, toggle delivers to fixed position Semen Juglandis, concave surface salient point pressure head hulling machine realize core The broken shell of Fructus Persicae.When the advantage of this device is work, noise is low, but can not realize multiple Semen Juglandis and carry out broken shell simultaneously, and efficiency is low Under, the Randomness of position of pressure head impact Semen Juglandis is high, bigger to the destructiveness of walnut shell, it is impossible to guarantee the integrity of Semen Juglandis.

Shell-breaking machine of walnut, after this device realizes broken shell by adjustment separation of hull from kernel gap, shell core mixed material collects body drop Entering hammer systems, constantly tapped by the spiral spike-tooth around central axis, collide during whereabouts, final combining separation of hull from kernel is opened Coming, but spiral spike-tooth is hard material, the most complete walnut shell and meat is easily beaten broken by hammering.Need constantly to tap collision kernel Peach shell core, greatly reduces Semen Juglandis percentage of head rice, kernel percent, and therefore to round core performance indications low in this patent broken shell, and effect is paid no attention to Think, do not meet the requirement of mechanization production.

In addition with some other disk hulling machine, flat board extrusion cracking device, arc plate one cylinder hulling machine, machinery Impact hulling machine and collision shell pulverizer etc..

The walnut shell-breaking device developed at present, takes core for realizing mechanization walnut shell-breaking, and existing shell-breaking machine of walnut uses The shell breaking method principle shell-cracking kernel-taking that conventional stone roller is rubbed with the hands, extruded, clashes into, shears, performance indications the highest (shell-breaking rate about 80%, Gao Luren leads about 60%), the Semen Juglandis bad adaptability to variety classes size, automaticity is low, and during broken shell, unbalance stress causes Semen Juglandis becomes the irregular fragment of a lot of lobe, even flour shape, highly inconvenient at deep processing, edible aspect.

Semen Juglandis feeding unit is varied, but these mechanisms only focus on efficiency and can not control the feeding of Semen Juglandis accurately And broken shell process.Relatively outstanding feeding unit can accomplish the controlled of Semen Juglandis feeding quantification and Semen Juglandis feeding efficiency Change.Due to the particularity of Semen Juglandis profile, either impact broken shell, fixed gap extrusion cracking or shear the various appearances of broken shell Semen Juglandis Broken shell effect is all had significant effect by state, can improve broken shell round core additionally, Semen Juglandis attitude carries out precise positioning Efficiency, is therefore badly in need of the walnut shell-breaking device of a kind of automatic transport location now.

Utility model content

In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, this utility model provides a kind of by feeding hopper screening charging, Clash into Semen Juglandis by many trip rods and make the quick broken shell of Semen Juglandis, take the walnut shell-breaking dress of the high automatic transport location of rate of perfect kernel Put.

In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, this utility model adopts the following technical scheme that

The walnut shell-breaking device of automatic transport location, including at least one the Semen Juglandis fixed mechanism and at least two being located at frame Root trip rod, Semen Juglandis fixed mechanism be arranged over Semen Juglandis feeding hopper, walnut shell-breaking mould has hole, Semen Juglandis location, fixed at Semen Juglandis Position hole both sides be respectively provided with for cover Semen Juglandis location hole positioning and quantitative feeding slide block, the sidewall of walnut shell-breaking mould have to Few two perforates communicated with hole, Semen Juglandis location, many trip rods pass corresponding with every trip rod under the drive of travel mechanism Perforate clash into be arranged at Semen Juglandis location hole in Semen Juglandis.

As preferably, the bottom of described feeding hopper is provided with multiple discharge opening, the shape of discharge opening and Semen Juglandis maximum cross section Shape identical.

Semen Juglandis is positioned in Semen Juglandis feeding hopper, after passing the through hole on positioning and quantitative feeding slide block after Semen Juglandis discharge opening After entering hole, Semen Juglandis location, positioning and quantitative feeding slide block carrying out closing hole, location or locating slot, trip rod breaks through Semen Juglandis The perforate of shell mould side wall, the Semen Juglandis simultaneously positioned in hole to Semen Juglandis locating slot or Semen Juglandis clashes into；Additionally, it is fixed at Semen Juglandis The top of hole, position entrance side positioning and quantitative feeding slide block can also arrange and be provided with positioning conveyer structure, positioning conveyer structure internal channel Shape identical with the shape of Semen Juglandis maximum cross section.

As preferably, the shape in hole, Semen Juglandis location is identical with the shape of Semen Juglandis maximum cross section, described positioning and quantitative feeding Slide block is connected with drive mechanism, has several through holes on described positioning and quantitative feeding slide block, and positioning and quantitative feeding slide block exists Drive mechanism drives through hole when being moved to setting position to communicate with hole, Semen Juglandis location.

As preferably, described drive mechanism is positioning and quantitative feeding slide block solenoid directional control valve, and travel mechanism is by broken shell gas Cylinder solenoid directional control valve control broken shell cylinder, broken shell cylinder solenoid directional control valve respectively with broken shell cylinder and positioning and quantitative feeding slide block Solenoid directional control valve individually connects.

As preferably, described trip rod is provided with jump bit for the end clashing into Semen Juglandis, in order to realize rounding the function of core, Jump bit stroke is less than walnut shell diameter more than the diameter of Semen Juglandis.

As preferably, described jump bit side is provided with the screwed hole being connected with trip rod, and opposite side surface is arc-shaped concave Or V-type face.

As preferably, described jump bit arc-shaped concave or V-type face are provided with multiple projection.

As preferably, when trip rod quantity is 2, two trip rods are point-blank oppositely arranged, when trip rod number When amount is more than or equal to 3, trip rod is symmetrical arranged.

As preferably, the bottom of described walnut shell-breaking mould is provided with base plate, and floor level is fixed on frame, meanwhile, described Positioning and quantitative feeding slide block be parallel to base plate and be fixed on frame.

As preferably, being provided with shaft in described feeding hopper, shaft is provided with multiple rows of moving tooth for stirring Semen Juglandis.

As preferably, the cylinder diameter of described broken shell cylinder is 15mm～35mm, and range is 40mm～80mm.

Being provided with collection device in the lower section of side, hole, Semen Juglandis location positioning and quantitative feeding slide block, collection device is with aerator even Connecing, described collection device is provided with the inwall helix drum equipped with helical baffle away from the side of aerator.

The using method of described walnut shell-breaking device, specifically comprises the following steps that

1) in hole, Semen Juglandis location, Semen Juglandis is laid by feeding hopper；

2) drive mechanism drives positioning and quantitative feeding slide block to move the side covering hole, Semen Juglandis location；

3) travel mechanism drives many trip rod associated movements, and trip rod each clashes into hole, Semen Juglandis location through perforate simultaneously Interior Semen Juglandis；

4) drive mechanism drive positioning and quantitative feeding slide block move Semen Juglandis location hole communicate with through hole, Semen Juglandis and walnut shell Fall.

Operation principle of the present utility model is: first poured in feeding hopper by the Semen Juglandis through size fractionation.Agitating device Doing uniform rotation, Semen Juglandis in feeding hopper is ceaselessly stirred by moving tooth.Semen Juglandis free to tumble in stirring, only attitude meet The Semen Juglandis of positioning conveyer structure channel shape could fall to entering positioning conveyer structure from feeding hopper, enters back into hole, Semen Juglandis location The positioning and quantitative feeding slide block of top, it is achieved location conveying function.If (Semen Juglandis enters the speed of positioning conveyer structure more than Semen Juglandis The speed processed, then in Semen Juglandis can be stored in the passage of positioning conveyer structure.) to be provided with location below positioning conveyer structure fixed Amount feeding slide block, positioning and quantitative feeding slide block is driven by cylinder and does fixed cycle reciprocating motion.At the initial position of motion, position defeated The Semen Juglandis stored in sending mechanism respectively falls in hole, Semen Juglandis location, due on the positioning and quantitative feeding slide block below hole, Semen Juglandis location Being interspersed of guide through hole and Semen Juglandis hole, location, now Semen Juglandis is by between guide through hole on the positioning and quantitative feeding slide block of lower section Entity part block and cannot fall.Broken shell cylinder pulls positioning and quantitative feeding slide block to move to distance on gathering sill the most subsequently General goal, now hole, Semen Juglandis location is distributed on the same axis with guide through hole on positioning and quantitative feeding slide block, and Semen Juglandis drops out.Subsequently Positioning and quantitative feeding slide block returns initial position and waits next group Semen Juglandis, so far completes a feeding cycle.(especially, only The playback of positioning and quantitative feeding slide block is distributed in same axis to i.e. through hole and positioning conveyer structure internal channel during motion initial position Time, in positioning conveyer structure, Semen Juglandis just can fall.) drop out positioning conveyer from entering positioning conveyer structure to Semen Juglandis at Semen Juglandis During structure, Semen Juglandis stops all the time in the passage of positioning conveyer structure, and the attitude in Semen Juglandis feeding procedure therefore can be kept solid The fixed location i.e. achieving Semen Juglandis in Semen Juglandis feeding procedure.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) this utility model have employed agitating device and carries out feeding, and delicate structure, efficiency is high and fault rate is extremely low.

(2) through hole in feeding hopper discharge opening shape of the present utility model, positioning conveyer structure uses Semen Juglandis localized cross-sectional Shape, the result of location is stablized constant to make Semen Juglandis all can ensure in a series of dropping process, Semen Juglandis attitude controllable precise, this It is that other feeding device does not has, accuracy that Semen Juglandis clash into is effectively ensured.

(3) fast and stable that this utility model realizes Semen Juglandis by the fixed cycle reciprocating motion of positioning and quantitative feeding slide block is fed Material, takes full advantage of the efficiency of machine processing Semen Juglandis, it is achieved that the automatization of Semen Juglandis feeding, controlledization, decreases cost of labor, Improve working (machining) efficiency.

(4) by period of motion of positioning and quantitative feeding slide block is adjusted, the speed of Semen Juglandis feeding in certain limit can be realized Rate is the most adjustable.

(5) this utility model coordinating by positioning conveyer structure and positioning and quantitative feeding slide block, it is achieved Semen Juglandis is introduced into Time in hole, Semen Juglandis location, store at positioning conveyer structure internal channel, shock work Semen Juglandis location hole in is effectively ensured.

(6) it is equipped with jump bit by trip rod, the whole core of clashing into gained has been effectively ensured.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Axonometric drawing in Fig. 1 embodiment 1

The sectional view of Fig. 2 partial devices

Fig. 3 agitating device axonometric drawing

The axonometric chart of Fig. 4 (a) positioning conveyer structure

Fig. 4 (b) positioning conveyer structure side sectional view

Fig. 5 positioning conveyer structure is bowed sectional view

Fig. 6 positioning and quantitative slide block top view

Fig. 7 positioning and quantitative slide block axle surveys partial sectional view

Fig. 8 positioning and quantitative feeding slide block sectional view

Fig. 9 collision type broken shell structural scheme of mechanism

Figure 10 collision type broken shell mechanism side view

Figure 11 broken shell cylinder sectional view

Figure 12 (a) spoon shape jump bit side view

Figure 12 (b) spoon shape jump bit sectional view

Figure 13 walnut shell-breaking mould shaft mapping

Figure 14 (a) walnut shell-breaking mould top view

Figure 14 (b) walnut shell-breaking die side view

Figure 15 walnut shell-breaking die cut view

Figure 16 baffle of porous baffle top view

Figure 17 helix drum sectional view

Figure 18 spoon shape jump bit axonometric chart

Figure 19 spoon shape jump bit sectional view

Figure 20 walnut shell-breaking schematic diagram

Figure 21 cylinder Impulsive load

Figure 22 V-arrangement jump bit error analysis

Figure 23 broken shell cylinder stroke schematic diagram；

Wherein, 1-feeding hopper, 2-chain, 3-blowpipe, 4-broken shell cylinder, 5-collecting tank, 6-aerator, 7- Motor, 8-belt, 9-line shaft, 10-line shaft bearing, 11-line shaft bearing nut, 12-bevel gear, 13-helix drum Main shaft bearing, 14-helix drum main shaft bearing nut, 15-helix drum main shaft, 16-aerator fixed plate, 17-helix drum, 18-cylinder firm banking, 19-baffle of porous baffle reversing cylinder, 20-cylinder fixation clamp, 21-air pressure control chamber, 22-compressed air is defeated Send supervisor, 23-air compressor, 24-solenoid directional control valve, 25-positioning and quantitative feeding slide block reversing cylinder, 26-shaft bearing Nut, 27-shaft, 28-shaft bearing, 29-positioning and quantitative feeding slide block, 30-cylinder fixes nut, 31-walnut shell-breaking Mould, 32-positioning conveyer structure, 33-moving tooth, 35-helical baffle, 37-guide through hole, 38-positioning and quantitative feeding slider guide Limit, 39-screwed hole, 40-spoon shape jump bit, 41-Semen Juglandis jig support, 42-positioning and quantitative feeding slide block, 43-hock type Agitating device main shaft key, 44-hock type agitating device spindle bearing holder, 45-hock type agitating device mainshaft bearing cap, 46-is fixed Position quantitative feed slider guide groove, 47-frame, 48-keyway, 49-positioning conveyer structure screwed hole, 50-positioning conveyer structure is solid Determining nut, 51-Semen Juglandis jig support fixes nut, 52-spoon shape jump bit screwed hole, gas port after 53-cylinder, 54-gas Gas port before cylinder, 55-spoon shape jump bit stop nut, 56-trip rod, 57-concave surface, 58-spoon shape jump bit arc-shaped concave center, 59-perforate, hole, 60-Semen Juglandis location, 61-Telescopic-cylinder guide rail, 62-baffle of porous baffle reversing cylinder injecting hole, 63-through hole, Nut fixed by 64-walnut shell-breaking mould, and screwed hole fixed by 65-walnut shell-breaking mould.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in this utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in this utility model embodiment is carried out Clear, complete description.

As shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2, the walnut shell-breaking device of automatic transport location, solid including at least one Semen Juglandis being located at frame Determine mechanism and at least two trip rods 56, Semen Juglandis fixed mechanism be arranged over Semen Juglandis feeding hopper 1, walnut shell-breaking mould has core Hole 60, Fructus Persicae location, is respectively provided with the positioning and quantitative feeding slide block for covering hole, Semen Juglandis location, core in the both sides in hole 60, Semen Juglandis location The sidewall of Fructus Persicae broken shell mould has the perforate 59 that at least two communicates with hole 60, Semen Juglandis location, and many trip rods 56 are in travel mechanism Drive under clash into the Semen Juglandis being arranged in hole 60, Semen Juglandis location through the perforate corresponding with every trip rod 56.

Semen Juglandis is played guiding feeding effect by feeding hopper 1, is provided with multiple discharge opening, positioning conveyer structure 3 bottom feeding hopper 1 Correspondence is arranged on the lower section of each discharge opening of feeding hopper 1, as it is shown on figure 3, have six along position of center line below described feeding hopper 1 Individual Semen Juglandis cross sectional shape or the discharge opening of circle, as shown in Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b), described positioning conveyer structure 32 is by fixed Position conveying mechanism nut 50 correspondence is arranged on the lower section of each discharge opening bottom feeding hopper 1, and positioning conveyer structure 32 is internal to be provided with The passage of shape as feeding hopper 1 discharging opening, positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 is arranged on below positioning conveyer structure 32, at it The initial position of motion, corresponding each positioning conveyer structure 32 position of opening digs the groove of a Semen Juglandis cross sectional shape, and location is fixed Amount feeding slide block 29 both sides are respectively arranged with a positioning and quantitative feeding slider guide limit 38.It is respectively arranged with a cunning in walnut shell-breaking mould both sides Dynamic baffle plate guide groove 46, agrees with the positioning and quantitative feeding slider guide limit 38 of positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 both sides, guides location Quantitative feed slide block 29 moves, as shown in figures 5-8.

As it is shown on figure 3, described hock type agitating device, the both sides of shaft 27 are connected on the bearing of feeding hopper 1 both sides, Bearing is arranged on agitating device bearing block, shaft 27 has the shaft shoulder prevent main shaft from axially moving, and there is keyway 48 side, by Belt pulley drives hock type agitating device to do uniform rotation, and hock type agitating device is welded with one group three totally ten one at central shaft Group moving tooth 33, often the angle of three adjacent moving teeth of moving tooth 33 33 of group is 120 °.

Collection device is the diminishing taper of size, and described collection device is provided with interior wall away from the side of aerator 6 Have the helix drum of helical baffle 35, the two ends of the helix drum main shaft 15 of helix drum by helix drum main shaft bearing 13 with And helix drum main shaft bearing nut 14 is fixed in frame, helix drum main shaft 15 is connected with line shaft 9 by bevel gear 12, Line shaft 9 is fixed in frame by line shaft bearing 10, and line shaft 9 is connected with shaft by belt pulley and belt 8.

As shown in Fig. 9～15, using to two trip rods being arranged oppositely in the present embodiment, trip rod is by broken shell cylinder 4 Driving, trip rod 56 front end of broken shell cylinder 4 is fixed with a spoonful shape jump bit 40 by spoon shape jump bit screwed hole 52, two to Broken shell cylinder 4 axis is provided with walnut shell-breaking mould, is provided with hole 60, Semen Juglandis location in walnut shell-breaking mould.Walnut shell-breaking mould Backplate surface be provided with sliding rail, sliding rail both sides are respectively provided with a positioning and quantitative feeding slider guide groove 46, to location Quantitative feed slide block 29 plays guide effect；Walnut shell-breaking mould is provided with walnut shell-breaking mould and fixes screwed hole 65, and Semen Juglandis breaks Shell mould is fixed nut 64 and is fixed in frame by walnut shell-breaking mould.Nut 30, cylinder fixed mount nut is fixed by cylinder Fixing broken shell cylinder 4 in frame with cylinder fixed mount 20, cylinder power is connected with air compressor 23, on solenoid directional control valve 24 It is provided with two injecting holes, controls the flexible and positioning and quantitative feeding slide block reversing cylinder of trip rod on broken shell cylinder 4 with this 25 is synchronization with positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29,42.Air compressor 23 supplies broken shell cylinder 4 power, air compressor 23 with Air pressure control chamber 21 connects, and gases at high pressure are entered by exhaust hood gas port 53 and make broken shell cylinder 4 move, and drive positioning and quantitative simultaneously Feeding slide block 29 moves, positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 horizontal movement, and Semen Juglandis enters in the hole 60, Semen Juglandis location of broken shell mould, core The positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29,42 of Fructus Persicae jig about 31 both sides stretches out, and through hole 63 interlocks with Semen Juglandis position, and Semen Juglandis can not Fall；After treating that Semen Juglandis carries out broken shell, front air cylinder gas port 54 injects gas, and trip rod shrinks, positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 Regaining, the through hole 63 of positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 42 just positions hole 60, the Semen Juglandis ruptured and walnut shell to Semen Juglandis and falls, and enters Next step separation of hull from kernel of row, the positioning and quantitative feeding slide block above walnut shell-breaking mould is 29, the positioning and quantitative feeding of lower section Slide block is 42.

Positioning and quantitative feeding slide block reversing cylinder 25 realizes the company with positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29,42 by screwed hole 39 Connect, and then drive positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 fixed cycle to move back and forth.Guide through hole 37 can ensure that Semen Juglandis is in dropping process Do not occur self laterally to rotate, just with realize next step location broken shell.

Positioning conveyer structure nut 50 carries by being evenly distributed on the location of positioning conveyer structure about 32 two periphery Positioning conveyer structure 32 is fixed by mechanism's screwed hole 49 respectively with feeding hopper 1 and walnut shell-breaking mould.

As shown in figure 17, helix drum 17 inwall is welded with helical baffle 35, and there are two helix drum main shaft bearings at two ends 13, motor 7 drives the power of output to drive line shaft 9 to do uniform rotation by belt 8, and line shaft 9 right-hand member bevel gear 12 carries Dynamic helix drum main shaft 15 rotates.It is welded with two support bars on helix drum main shaft 15, drives barrel to rotate.

As shown in Figures 18 and 19, for the ease of the walnut holding when impact, spoon shape jump bit 40 opposite side surface is with spoon The centrosymmetric arc-shaped concave 57 of shape jump bit arc-shaped concave 58 or V-type face, jump bit arc-shaped concave 57 or V-type face are provided with Multiple projections, the arranging of projection can be disperseed the contact area of jump bit and Semen Juglandis, be increased impulsive force.

Assume that cylinder stroke is A m.Two pairs are stretched out rear spoon shape jump bit beeline to cylinder is B m.Spoon shape jump bit Arc-shaped concave radian R m.Location big footpath, hole D m, path d m.Baffle plate discharging opening diameter H m.Telescopic-cylinder pilot hole diameter K m。

Involved Theoretical Calculation:

In the fracture theory research of fragile material, commonly assuming that material is isotropism, seriality and homogeneous, with Sample thinks that walnut shell meets such supposition.In shock problem, it is subject to rush the stress state complex of object, when impact continues Between very the briefest, contact force changes over and is difficult to accurately analyze, therefore such issues that need to solve by energy method.Cylinder drives and hits Block hitting carries out two-way shock to Semen Juglandis, then Semen Juglandis is under dynamic loads, and damage is broken is with the extension of micro-crack, propagate as spy Levy, cause new crackle simultaneously, final broken shell, as shown in figure 20.Document is here had to be defined as the energy that crackle is absorbed, also There is document to be defined as cracking until the energy consumed that ruptures, be the most no longer distinguish between.

1. contact stress divides

In impact contact process, the exposure effect of " the extruding stretch-draw " that causes forms damage cause and ruptures, therefore contact should Power σ is that walnut shell crushes an important parameter in calculating, due to walnut shell almost spherical, here introduces another one important Parameter mean stress u,

$u=\frac{\mathrm{\σ}}{{\mathrm{\πa}}^2}---\left(1\right)$

A contact radius (distance of the impact block Edge Distance impact block central axis that contact actual with walnut shell)；

After deliberation, housing can first crack at centrostigma under concentration power effect, if concentration power is very few, then can cause office Portion ruptures, and therefore uses two-way collision type, and designs V-arrangement jump bit, make full use of V-arrangement jump bit Semen Juglandis is played the most right In function, make Semen Juglandis during being knocked to stress all the time relative to axle center on same straight line, reach uniform force Purpose.Cylinder impact Semen Juglandis contact process is illustrated by Figure 21.

By Newton's law, differential relationship mvdv=σ dd (2) between power and displacement

In formula (2),

M is the quality of piston rod and taping block；

V is the speed of taping block；

D is impact depth；

Through measuring, detent mechanism transverse diameter b=25.4～29.4mm of the Semen Juglandis scope of attack obtained, Semen Juglandis average shell thickness δ For 1.15mm, not injuring Semen Juglandis to make the complete broken shell of Semen Juglandis, the compression distance adjusting cylinder taping block is less than 0.5 δ, I.e. d≤0.575.

The impact nonlinear model obtained according to Bush's experiment of hardness of Hill et al., impact depth d, initial Semen Juglandis surface Displacement bottom to contact area edge to contact area, highly h are contact area edges to the displacement bottom contact area, main Result is wanted to match with Mel law,

$H=\frac{\mathrm{\σ}}{{\mathrm{\πa}}^2}=K\left(\frac{a}{D}\right)---\left(3\right)$

In formula (3):

H is Mel hardness；

The material constant of K walnut shell；

D sunk surface diameter；

Obtained by geometrical relationship approximate derivation in figure:

$\frac{a}{D}=\frac{h}{a}---\left(4\right)$

Owing to walnut shell is fragile material, thus crack broken before, the deformation of walnut shell all assumes that as only bullet Property deformation, and in the case of elastic-plastic deformation, the impact depth d of drift is dimeric with contacting degree of depth h

D=d_e+d_p (5)

H=h_e+h_p (6)

d_e、h_eThe elastic degree of depth and height

d_p、h_pResidual depth and height

Scallop-height is defined as with the ratio of residual depth

Elastic displacement is only relevant with work-hardening exponential m, and proportional to mean stress u, contact radius a i.e.

$h_e=\frac{C_{1}ua}{k}---\left(8\right)$

$d_e=\frac{C_{2}ua}{k}---\left(9\right)$

Simultaneous formula (1), formula (4), formula (6) and formula (8) can obtain

$u=K{(\frac{a}{D}-\frac{C_{1}u}{k})}^m---\left(10\right)$

2. energy of rupture analysis

Impact causes the energy that walnut shell is broken, formula (2) integration obtain

$W=\underset{0}{\overset{d_{\max }}{\∫}}\mathrm{\σ}dd---\left(11\right)$

d_maxDepth capacity under dynamic loading

Convolution (2), under theory state, (drift parameter subscript 2, core in the case of i.e. drift and Semen Juglandis all have deformation The parameter subscript 1 of Fructus Persicae represents), bring contact radius a, degree of depth d, highly h into, in impact depth direction to u integral result be

$\begin{array}{c}W=\frac{8{\mathrm{\πR}}^3}{B_p}\{\frac{2}{3}{C_1}^3{C}_2{B}_p{k}^{-4}{\left(u_{\max }\right)}^5+\frac{{C_1}^2(C_1{m}_1+C_1+5C_2{B}_p{m}_1+C_2{B}_p)}{4m_1+1}\×k^{-3}{K_1}^4{\left(\frac{u_{\max }}{K_1}\right)}^{(4m_1+1)/m_1}+\\ \frac{2C_1(2C_1+C_1{m}_1+2C_2{B}_p{m}_1+C_2{B}_p)}{3m_1+2}\×k^{-2}{K_1}^3{\left(\frac{u_{\max }}{K_1}\right)}^{(3m_1+2)/m_1}+\\ \frac{5C_1+C_1{m}_1+C_2{B}_p{m}_1+C_2{B}_p}{2m_1+2}\×k^{-1}{K_1}^2{\left(\frac{u_{\max }}{K_1}\right)}^{(3m_1+3)/m_1}+\frac{K_1}{4+m_1}{\left(\frac{u_{\max }}{K_1}\right)}^{(m_1+4)/m_1}\}\end{array}---\left(12\right)$

Because walnut shell is fragile material, plastic deformation can be ignored, therefore formula (12) the most remaining Section 1:

$W=\frac{16}{3}{\mathrm{\πR}}^3{C_1}^3{C}_2{B}_p{k}^{-4}{\left(u_{\max }\right)}^5---\left(13\right)$

Salient point radius (or contact point depression radius) before R impact block；

The averaged deformation amount of shell is 1.063mm after deliberation

3. analysis of Positioning Error

Designing for walnut shell-breaking V-arrangement jump bit, making full use of vee-block surface to foreign round has self-align action principle, Jump bit carries out V-arrangement jump bit during broken shell and Semen Juglandis plays the function of automatic centering Semen Juglandis.About vee-block location by mistake Difference theory analysis is as follows:

As shown in figure 22, cylindrical approximation Semen Juglandis surface, Semen Juglandis diameter d, vee-block angle [alpha] takes 90 °, and vee-block analogy V-arrangement rushes Hammer,

Analysis Figure 22 can write out O point and to A point distance be

$\stackrel{\‾}{OA}=\frac{\stackrel{\‾}{OB}}{\sin \frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}}=\frac{d}{2\·sin\frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}}---\left(14\right)$

D Semen Juglandis outside diameter in formula

α V-arrangement jump bit two inclined-plane angle

Formula (14) is demanded perfection differential,

$d\left(\stackrel{\‾}{OA}\right)=\frac{1}{2\sin \frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}}d\left(d\right)-\frac{dcos\frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}}{4{\sin }^2\left(\frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}\right)}d\left(\mathrm{\α}\right)---\left(15\right)$

Replace differential by fractional increments, and scale error be considered as fractional increments, and can just can bear in view of scale error, Every error takes absolute value, and the position error obtaining process dimension H is

${\mathrm{\Δ}}_{DW}=\frac{T_d}{2\sin \frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}}+\frac{dcos\frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}}{4{\sin }^2\left(\frac{\mathrm{\α}}{2}\right)}{T}_{\mathrm{\α}}---\left(16\right)$

T in formula_d、T_α-it is respectively Semen Juglandis outside diameter tolerance and the angle tolerance of vee-block.

Ignore the angle tolerance of vee-block,

4. choose cylinder and air compressor machine

The energy i.e. kinetic energy E that taping block reduces_kBy kinetic energy theorem

$E_k=\frac{P}{2g}{v}^2=F---\left(17\right)$

The weight (N) of P alluvium；

V blow speed (m/s)；

The working thrust (N) of F cylinder；

The impulse stroke (m) of L cylinder；

The impulse stroke of cylinder as shown in figure 23, according to real work demand, chooses small cylinder QGX series, in standard Middle range L, 40～250mm, selects L=50mm, then according to actual needs

Take operating pressure p=0.5MP_a, cylinder operation thrust F and primary election operating pressure p choose cylinder diameter D:

$D=\sqrt{4(F_1+F_t)/\mathrm{\π}p\mathrm{\η}}---\left(18\right)$

F₁Thrust (N) on piston rod；

F_tReset force (N)；

η loading rate, takes 0.8；

Therefore cylinder boreLook into cylinder diameter canonical parameter take slightly larger or Close standard cylinder diameter value, so taking D=25mm.On range corresponding with cylinder diameter D=25mm in cylinder standard is allowed State L=50mm.

Rejuvenator efficiency is 125kg/h, is computed, and cylinder comes and goes number of times and is about 3 times/s, and completing the one-off time is t =0.33s.

The model of air compressor machine, the first air consumption of a cylinder is chosen again after obtaining the parameter of cylinder

Q=π × (D²-d²)L×2/4t (19)

Wherein d is the diameter of piston rod, usual d=0.3D.

The then air consumption of this equipment

The each reciprocal effect number of times (double acting cylinder a=2 here) of a cylinder；

Number of cylinders (n=12 here) on mono-equipment of n；

The working cycle (s) of mono-equipment of T；

The time (s) of one stroke of certain cylinder of t；

The air demand of air compressor machine:

Q₀Gas equipment includes the air leakage amount assembling pipeline, Q in the case of normal mounting₀=(0.1～0.2) Q_z

The number of units of m gas equipment, (m=1 here)

Air demand Q according to air compressor machine_gAnd actual operating conditions chooses suitable air compressor machine, test adjust parameter, just Obtain the pneumatic CRACKING WALNUT mechanism of collision type that walnut shell-breaking productivity ratio is 125kg/h.

Work process of the present utility model is as follows:

Understand in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Figure 19, first the Semen Juglandis through size fractionation is poured in feeding hopper 1.Hock type stirring dress Putting and do uniform rotation, Semen Juglandis in feeding hopper 1 is ceaselessly stirred by moving tooth 33.Semen Juglandis free to tumble in stirring, only appearance State meets the Semen Juglandis location structure i.e. Semen Juglandis of positioning and quantitative feeding slide block cross sectional shape and could fall to entering location from feeding hopper 1 Conveying mechanism, enters back into the positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 above hole 60, Semen Juglandis location, it is achieved location conveying function.If (Semen Juglandis Enter the speed that the speed of positioning conveyer structure processes more than Semen Juglandis, then Semen Juglandis can be stored in the passage of positioning conveyer structure In.) positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 being installed below positioning conveyer structure, positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 is driven by cylinder to be determined Cyclic movement.The Semen Juglandis stored in the initial position of motion, positioning conveyer structure is through positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29 On guide through hole 37 and positioning conveyer structure after respectively fall in Semen Juglandis location hole 60 in, due to Semen Juglandis location hole 60 below Guide through hole on positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 42 is interspersed with Semen Juglandis hole 60, location, and now Semen Juglandis is by lower section positioning and quantitative On feeding slide block 42, the entity part between guide through hole is blocked and cannot be fallen.Broken shell cylinder 4 pulls positioning and quantitative feeding subsequently Slide block 29 is moving to distance maximum, and now hole 60, Semen Juglandis location is distributed in guide through hole on positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 42 On same axis, Semen Juglandis drops out.The slide block of positioning and quantitative feeding subsequently 29,42 returns initial position and waits next group Semen Juglandis, so far Complete a feeding cycle.(especially, only positioning and quantitative feeding slide block 29,42 guides when playbacking to motion initial position When through hole and positioning conveyer structure internal channel are distributed in same axis, in positioning conveyer structure, Semen Juglandis just can fall.) at Semen Juglandis During entrance positioning conveyer structure drops out positioning conveyer structure to Semen Juglandis, Semen Juglandis stops all the time in the passage of positioning conveyer structure Stay, therefore can keep the fixing location i.e. achieving Semen Juglandis in Semen Juglandis feeding procedure of the attitude in Semen Juglandis feeding procedure.

Aerator 6 and helix drum 17 are separately mounted to the both sides of conical material collecting tank 5 discharging opening, and conical material is collected Groove 5 charging aperture is located at below the positioning and quantitative feeding slide block ground below walnut shell-breaking mould, and helix drum 17 inwall has spiral to keep off Plate 35, there are two bearings at shaft 27 two ends, motor drive and do uniform rotation.Shell after upper level hulling machine broken shell Core mixture enters helix drum 17 left end under the drive of orientation wind, owing to walnut shell and internal diaphragm quality are relatively light, under Moving right during falling distant, and Semen Juglandis is heavier, displacement is little, the rolling that both can be rotated again after dropping down onto bottom Cylinder again takes up and does oblique upper paraboloiding movement, and dropping process is similar to.Shell core mixture is pooled to spiral by repeatedly throwing rear Semen Juglandis Gather materials mouth, walnut shell and internal diaphragm of cylinder 17 left end is due to light weight, from helix drum 17 right-hand member under the blowing of aerator 6 Discharge.Wherein orientation wind blast velocity control is Y at X helix drum rotating speed.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment with the difference of embodiment 1 is:

Baffle plate with holes is set in the lower section of walnut shell-breaking mould, as shown in figure 16, at original position, the through hole 13 of baffle plate Being crisscross arranged with the position in hole, Semen Juglandis location, for stopping the whereabouts of Semen Juglandis, similarly, baffle plate passes through baffle of porous baffle reversing cylinder 19 drive motion, and baffle of porous baffle reversing cylinder 19 is provided with baffle of porous baffle reversing cylinder injecting hole 62.

The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art For art personnel, on the premise of without departing from this utility model principle, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improve and Retouching also should be regarded as protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. the walnut shell-breaking device of automatic transport location, it is characterised in that include that at least one Semen Juglandis being located at frame fixes machine Structure and at least two trip rods, Semen Juglandis fixed mechanism be arranged over Semen Juglandis feeding hopper, walnut shell-breaking mould have Semen Juglandis location Hole, is respectively provided with the positioning and quantitative feeding slide block for covering hole, Semen Juglandis location, walnut shell-breaking mould in the both sides in hole, Semen Juglandis location Sidewall have a perforate that hole, at least two and Semen Juglandis location communicates, many trip rods under the drive of travel mechanism through with often The Semen Juglandis being arranged in hole, Semen Juglandis location is clashed in the perforate that root trip rod is corresponding.

2. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the shape in hole, Semen Juglandis location is transversal with Semen Juglandis maximum The shape in face is identical, and described positioning and quantitative feeding slide block is connected with drive mechanism, has on described positioning and quantitative feeding slide block Several through holes, positioning and quantitative feeding slide block is through hole and hole, Semen Juglandis location phase when drive mechanism drive is moved to setting position Logical.

3. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described drive mechanism is positioning and quantitative feeding slide block Solenoid directional control valve, travel mechanism is the broken shell cylinder controlled by broken shell cylinder solenoid directional control valve, and broken shell cylinder solenoid directional control valve divides Individually it is not connected with broken shell cylinder and positioning and quantitative feeding slide block solenoid directional control valve.

4. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described trip rod sets for the end clashing into Semen Juglandis Having jump bit, described jump bit side to be provided with the screwed hole being connected with trip rod, opposite side surface is arc-shaped concave or V-type Face.

5. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the bottom of described feeding hopper is provided with multiple discharging Hole, the shape of discharge opening is identical with the shape of Semen Juglandis maximum cross section.

6. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described jump bit arc-shaped concave or V-type face set There is multiple projection.

7. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that when trip rod quantity is 2, two shocks Bar is point-blank oppositely arranged, and when trip rod quantity is more than or equal to 3, trip rod is symmetrical arranged.

8. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom of described walnut shell-breaking mould is provided with the end Plate, floor level is fixed on frame, and meanwhile, described positioning and quantitative feeding slide block is parallel to base plate and is fixed on frame.

9. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that be provided with shaft in described feeding hopper, stirring Axle is provided with multiple rows of moving tooth for stirring Semen Juglandis.

10. walnut shell-breaking device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the cylinder diameter of described broken shell cylinder be 15mm～ 35mm, range is 40mm～80mm.