CN205250023U - Soilless culture system - Google Patents
Soilless culture system Download PDFInfo
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- CN205250023U CN205250023U CN201520898553.3U CN201520898553U CN205250023U CN 205250023 U CN205250023 U CN 205250023U CN 201520898553 U CN201520898553 U CN 201520898553U CN 205250023 U CN205250023 U CN 205250023U
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- soilless culture
- cultivation
- culture system
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- cultivation bed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a soilless culture system of with low costs, convenient to use and popularization, its include subaerial the south and the north to the cultivation groove of the some of excavation, lay in the slag layer of cultivation tank bottom portion and lay the culture medium layer on the slag layer, drip irrigation the device what the cooperation of cultivation inslot set up, 20~30cm of cultivation groove width, 25 dark~35cm, the distance between the adjacent cultivation groove is 1.4~1.5m, the subaerial black base cloth of having laid between adjacent cultivation groove. The utility model discloses the structure sets up rationally, easily operation, and the matrix raw materials is easy, and cost on the whole reduces by a wide margin, application scope extensively, does not receive geographic restrictions, is favorable to the popularization and application of soilless culture technique.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to cultivation technique without soil field, is specifically related to a kind of soilless culture system.
Background technology
Soilless culture comprises the modes such as water planting, mist (gas) training, substrate culture, and substrate culture is promoted extension in soilless cultureMaximum a kind of mode, it is that the root system of crop is fixed in the matrix of organic or inorganic, by drip irrigation or trickle irrigationMethod, supplies with crop alimentary liquid. In soilless culture, the effect of matrix is fixing and supports crop, absorption nutrient solution, enhancing rootThe gas permeability of system, matrix is very important material, the success or failure of direct relation cultivation. And cost height is to hinder soilless culture alwaysThe obstacle of technology fast development, the especially cost of matrix cost and cultivation bed are high, and existing cultivation matrix withThe remote isolation in ground causes variations in temperature violent, and winter, substrate temperature can be too low, and summer, substrate temperature can be too high, very unfavorableIn plant growth.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide the soilless culture system that a kind of cost is low, easy to use and promoteSystem.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
Design a kind of soilless culture system, comprise cultivation bed, the laying of the some of North and South direction excavation on the groundIn the slag layer of described cultivation bed bottom be layed in the cultivation matrix layer on described slag layer, in described cultivation bed, coordinate and establishThe drip irrigation appliance of putting; Described cultivation groove width 20～30cm, dark 25～35cm, the distance between adjacent cultivation bed is 1.4～1.5m;On the ground between adjacent cultivation bed, be equipped with black ground cloth.
Preferably, between described slag layer and described cultivation matrix layer, be equipped with separation layer, on described separation layer, establishThere is the permeable hole being equally spaced. Separation layer can avoid moisture in cultivation matrix and nutrient solution to run off, when in cultivation matrixWhen moisture is excessive, unnecessary moisture can infiltrate in slag layer by limbers again, makes to remain stable in cultivation matrixMoisture, be more conducive to the growth of crop.
Preferably, described separation layer is plastic sheeting.
Preferably, the diameter of described permeable hole is 1～2cm, and the spacing between adjacent permeable hole is 45～55cm.
Preferably, the thickness of described slag layer is 3～8cm, and the thickness of described cultivation matrix layer is 18～25cm.
Preferably, described drip irrigation appliance comprise for water filling and preparation nutrient solution cistern, be arranged at described cultivation bedMiddle part and with the perpendicular main pipeline of described cultivation bed, and be connected with described main pipeline, be set in parallel in each cultivationDrip irrigation zone in groove; In described cistern, be provided with immersible pump, described immersible pump is connected with described main pipeline by water-supply-pipe. Fill withIrrigate the setting of device, be convenient to drip irrigation nutrient solution and water in cultivation bed, be convenient to adjust at any time and supplementary cultivation matrix in nutritionComposition, is conducive to realize the management of precision crop-planting.
Preferably, be provided with laminated filter at the water inlet of described main pipeline.
Preferably, on described cistern, be covered with sunshade net.
Preferably, described drip irrigation zone is the drip irrigation zone of flow 2～3L/h/ hole, distance between borehole 20～30cm.
Preferably, described cultivation matrix layer is perlite-fermentation mushroom slag mixed-matrix layer. Conventional, in mixed-matrix, send outThe shared mass ratio of ferment mushroom slag is 65%～75%, and the shared mass ratio of perlite is 25%～35%.
The conventional preparation method of above-mentioned fermentation mushroom slag is as follows:
(1) edible fungus culturing waste material is crushed to < 1cm length, (every side uses 200g, effectively alive then to add EM bacterial classificationProperty unit is greater than 5,000,000,000 every gram) and stir;
(2) step (1) gained edible fungus culturing waste material is banked up fermentation, the volume length >=2m banking up, wide 1.8～2.5m,High 1.3～1.7m, maintenance moisture is wherein 55～65%;
(3) in the time of edible fungus culturing waste material temperature rise to 65～75 of banking up DEG C, carry out turning, after turning 2～4 times,, ferment complete when the temperature remains within the normal range wait the edible fungus culturing waste material temperature of banking up.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1. adopt the cultivation bed of excavation on the ground, surface temperature has good buffering to the substrate temperature in cultivation bedProperty, can not rise at summer temp too fast, can not lower the temperature in the winter time too fast yet, can save the cost of planting groove simultaneously.
2. the utility model soilless culture system structure arranges rationally, and easy operating is especially applicable to fructovegetative without soilCultivation; Cost on the whole significantly reduces, applied widely, be not subject to regional limits, is conducive to the popularization of cultivation technique without soilApplication.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model soilless culture system;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of cultivation bed;
Wherein, 1 is cultivation bed, and 2 is slag layer, and 3 is cultivation matrix layer, and 4 is separation layer, and 5 is cistern, and 6 is main pipeline,7 is drip irrigation zone.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described, but following examples are just usedDescribe the utility model in detail, and limit never in any form scope of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1: a kind of soilless culture system, comprise the some of the excavation of North and South direction on the ground cultivation bed 1,Be layed in the slag layer 2 of cultivation bed bottom and be layed in the cultivation matrix layer 3 on slag layer 2, in cultivation bed 1, being equipped withDrip irrigation appliance; The wide 25cm of cultivation bed 1, dark 30cm, the distance between adjacent cultivation bed is 1.5m; Between adjacent cultivation bedOn ground, be equipped with black ground cloth. The thickness of slag layer 2 is 5cm, and the thickness of cultivation matrix layer 3 is 20cm. In slag layer and cultivationBetween training hypothallus, be equipped with plastic sheeting as separation layer 4, on separation layer 4, be provided with the permeable hole being equally spaced, permeable holeDiameter be 1.5cm, the spacing between adjacent permeable hole is 50cm.
Drip irrigation appliance comprises for the cistern 5 of water filling and preparation nutrient solution, is arranged at cultivation bed 1 middle part and and cultivation bed1 perpendicular main pipeline 6, and that be connected with main pipeline 6, be set in parallel in the drip irrigation zone 7 in each cultivation bed; In retainingIn pond 5, be provided with immersible pump, immersible pump is connected with main pipeline 6 by water-supply-pipe; Water inlet at main pipeline 6 is provided with laminated filteringDevice; On cistern 5, be covered with sunshade net. Wherein, main pipeline 6 is 40 or 50PE pipe, and drip irrigation zone 7 is flow 2L/h/ hole, Kong JianApart from the drip irrigation zone of 25cm. This soilless culture system can be arranged in hot house, and cistern 5 is arranged at one of hot houseAngle.
Cultivation matrix layer 3 can be selected conventional soilless culture substrate according to the needs of kind of plant. Here providing one makesWith the edible fungus culturing waste material after fermentation and perlitic mixture as the mode of cultivation matrix, the wherein edible mushroom after fermentationThe shared mass ratio of cultivation waste material is 70%, and the shared mass ratio of perlite is 30%.
The fermentation process of edible fungus culturing waste material used comprises the following steps:
(1) edible fungus culturing waste material is crushed to < 1cm length, then adds EM bacterial classification and stir, add EM bacteriumThe amount of planting is: the edible fungus culturing waste material of every cubic metre uses 200gEM bacterial classification, and the effective active unit of this EM bacterial classification is greater than 50Hundred million every gram;
(2) step (1) gained edible fungus culturing waste material is banked up fermentation, the long 5m of volume banking up, wide 2m, high 1.5m, protectHold moisture wherein between 55～65%;
(3) in the time of the edible fungus culturing waste material temperature rise to 70 of banking up DEG C, carry out turning, 3 left and right of about turning, bank upThe temperature of edible fungus culturing waste material while starting that the temperature remains within the normal range, ferment complete.
Adopt the waste material of edible mushroom fermenting as cultivation matrix, be fabulous mycoprotein humic acid fertilizer, and contain richRich organic nutrient substance, as: amino acid, antibiotic, micro-growth hormone and other trace element etc., be conducive to promote vegetable rootSystem's growth, extends the result time, effectively reduces the use of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals; Use waste material of edible mushroom to do cultivation matrix, not only jointApproximately buy the cost of cultivation matrix, and solved pollution and the waste problem of edible fungus culturing waste material.
In above embodiment, related instrument and equipment if no special instructions, is routine instrument device; RelatedThe raw material of industry if no special instructions, is the commercially available conventional raw material of industry.
Contrast test: on March 5th, 2014 is respectively at No. 5 heliogreenhouses and No. 6 heliogreenhouse field planting muskmelons and tomato, itsIn the western half side slot type planting type doing for pvc plate of No. 5 canopies and No. 6 canopies, turfy soil, perlite and vermiculite mixed-matrix, thanExample is 6:2:2, and area is 450 square metres, is respectively A, C scheme; The east of No. 5 canopies and No. 6 canopies is half side is the utility model ditchSlot type planting type, mushroom waste material and perlite mixed-matrix, ratio is 7:3, area is 450 square metres, is respectively B, D sideCase.
Substrate temperature contrast in tetra-schemes of A-D is as shown in table 1 below.
Note: the time of measuring above substrate temperature data is fine day.
Crop yield contrast in tetra-schemes of A-D is as shown in table 2 below.
Can be found out by above contrast, use the plough groove type planting type of the utility model soilless culture system, matrix temperatureThe impact that degree stablizes, is subject to ambient temperature to change is little, is more conducive to the growth of crop, and crop yield obviously improves.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the utility model is described in detail above, still, the skill of affiliated technical fieldArt personnel can understand, and are not departing under the prerequisite of the utility model aim, can also be concrete to each in above-described embodimentParameter changes, and forms multiple specific embodiments, is common excursion of the present utility model, detailed no longer one by one at thisState.
Claims (10)
1. a soilless culture system, is characterized in that, comprise the some of the excavation of North and South direction on the ground cultivation bed,Be layed in the slag layer of described cultivation bed bottom and be layed in the cultivation matrix layer on described slag layer, in described cultivation bed, joiningClose the drip irrigation appliance of setting; Described cultivation groove width 20～30cm, dark 25～35cm, the distance between adjacent cultivation bed is 1.4～1.5m; On the ground between adjacent cultivation bed, be equipped with black ground cloth.
2. soilless culture system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, at described slag layer and described cultivation matrix layerBetween be equipped with separation layer, on described separation layer, be provided with the permeable hole being equally spaced.
3. soilless culture system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described separation layer is plastic sheeting.
4. soilless culture system according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the diameter of described permeable hole is 1～2cm, phaseSpacing between adjacent permeable hole is 45～55cm.
5. soilless culture system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described slag layer is 3～8cm, instituteThe thickness of stating cultivation matrix layer is 18～25cm.
6. soilless culture system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described drip irrigation appliance comprises for water filling and joinsThe cistern of nutrient solution processed, be arranged at described cultivation bed middle part and with the perpendicular main pipeline of described cultivation bed, and with describedThat main pipeline is connected, be set in parallel in the drip irrigation zone in each cultivation bed; In described cistern, be provided with immersible pump, described divingWater pump is connected with described main pipeline by water-supply-pipe.
7. soilless culture system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, is provided with folded at the water inlet of described main pipelineSheet filter.
8. soilless culture system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, on described cistern, is covered with sunshade net.
9. soilless culture system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described drip irrigation zone be flow 2～3L/h/ hole,The drip irrigation zone of distance between borehole 20～30cm.
10. soilless culture system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cultivation matrix layer is perlite-fermentationMushroom slag mixed-matrix layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520898553.3U CN205250023U (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Soilless culture system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520898553.3U CN205250023U (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Soilless culture system |
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| CN205250023U true CN205250023U (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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| CN201520898553.3U Expired - Fee Related CN205250023U (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Soilless culture system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109122090A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 候海燕 | A kind of cultural method of simple tomato matrix |
-
2015
- 2015-11-12 CN CN201520898553.3U patent/CN205250023U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109122090A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-04 | 候海燕 | A kind of cultural method of simple tomato matrix |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160525 Termination date: 20181112 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |