CN205027659U - Multi -parameter vegetation index optical detecting gear - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vegetation index monitoring technology field especially relates to a multi -parameter vegetation index optical detecting gear field, and this multi -parameter vegetation index optical detecting gear includes: optical probe, preprocessor module, casing and plano -convex lens, the optical probe includes optical probe mechanical shell and four laser lamp -house, the casing set up in on the optical probe mechanical shell, laser lamp -house corresponding to plano -convex lens sets up in the optical probe mechanical shell, preprocessor module set up in on the casing, plano -convex lens set up in on the optical probe mechanical shell, the light signal that plano -convex lens is used for receive reflection to return has compensatied prior art and can not acquire a plurality of vegetation index simultaneously, the complicated shortcoming that easily receives external environment light influences that reaches of expensive, operation.

Description

A kind of multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear

Technical field

The utility model relates to vegetation index monitoring technical field, particularly relates to a kind of multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear field.

Background technology

At present, normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), biomass (Biomass), plant unit area chlorophyll (CHL) and nitrogen (N) content are the important parameters of reflection Grain Growth Situation and nutritional information, in plant population's upgrowth situation and fertilising demand etc., have important application.Therefore, it is possible to these parameters of the acquisition of portable active have great importance in agricultural production and scientific research.

Vegetation has very strong absorption characteristic at red spectral band, has very strong reflection characteristic at near-infrared band, therefore can be combined by different-waveband spectral reflectivity, obtain multiple vegetation index.In prior art means, vegetation index obtains Main Means imaging technique and non-imaged technology.Imaging technique many application airborne remote sensing and spacer remote sensing, by imaging spectrometer, high-altitude obtains the imaging spectral of target.Airborne and spaceborne RS is the effective means of monitoring Global vegetation, according to the imaging spectral characteristic of vegetation, visible ray and near infrared light wave band is combined, obtains various vegetation index.Although airborne and spaceborne RS can monitoring Global coupling relationship, be subject to the impact of weather condition, and precision low cost is high, complicated operation, when making to utilize it to obtain vegetation index, needs to rely on weather and professional and technical personnel's operation, inefficiency.Non-imaged technical limit spacing vegetation index, the field spectroradiometer of the external import of usual use, by measuring the reflectance spectrum of sunshine on diffuse reflection standard white plate and vegetation, calculates the spectral reflectivity extracting required wave band, the spectral reflectivity of combination different-waveband, calculates and obtains various vegetation index.Relative to imaging technique, although to obtain vegetation index precision higher for field spectroradiometer, processing ease, its high cost, volume are large, quality heavily etc. factor also limit it in application agriculturally.Although the portable normalized differential vegetation index detection instrument of existing active can under not by the impact of natural light acquisition normalized differential vegetation index initiatively, but mostly adopt light emitting diode, Gap theory and piano convex cylindrical lens to combine in light path design and obtain uniform bar shaped light belt, light path design is complicated, structure should not be assembled, add that the wave band number of use is limited, the vegetation index of acquisition is comparatively single.

Therefore, for above deficiency, need to provide a kind of multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear.

Utility model content

(1) technical matters that will solve

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model be solve prior art can not detect simultaneously obtain that multiple vegetation index, cost are high, complicated operation and be subject to the problem of external environment influence of light.

(2) technical scheme

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear, it is characterized in that, comprise: optic probe, pretreatment module, housing and plano-convex lens, described optic probe comprises optic probe mechanical cover and four LASER Light Source, described housing is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover, described LASER Light Source corresponds to described plano-convex lens and is arranged in optic probe mechanical cover, described pretreatment module is arranged on described housing, described plano-convex lens is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover, described plano-convex lens is for receiving the light signal reflected.

Preferably, described pretreatment module comprises communication module, gathers display module and signal processing module, and described pretreatment module carries out pre-service to light signal.

Preferably, described LASER Light Source comprises: LASER Light Source shell, spring, screw thread convex piano circular lens, and be arranged at laser diode and the wave lens at LASER Light Source shell two ends, described screw thread convex piano circular lens is arranged between described laser diode and wave lens, and described spring is arranged between described laser diode and screw thread convex piano circular lens.

Preferably, multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear comprises four described LASER Light Source in same plane; Described four LASER Light Source are equidistantly arranged centered by wave lens.

Preferably, described LASER Light Source with the center of described wave lens for the plane internal rotation of rotation center at the plane being perpendicular formed with four described LASER Light Source turns.

Preferably, described LASER Light Source with the center of described wave lens for the plane internal rotation that rotation center is being formed with four described LASER Light Source turns.

Preferably, the spectrum broadband of described LASER Light Source is not higher than 20nm.

Preferably, describedly also comprise bracing frame, support frame as described above is connected with housing, optic probe mechanical cover respectively.

Preferably, the material of support frame as described above is stainless steel.

Preferably, described multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear, also comprises power module, and described power module is that whole system is powered, and adopts accumulator or lithium battery.

(3) beneficial effect

Technique scheme tool of the present utility model has the following advantages: the active sniffer of the utility model multiparameter vegetation index, comprise: optic probe, communication module, gather display module, signal processing module, housing and plano-convex lens, described optic probe comprises optic probe mechanical cover and four LASER Light Source, described housing is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover, described LASER Light Source corresponds to described plano-convex lens and is arranged in optic probe mechanical cover, described communication module, collection display module and signal processing module are arranged on described housing, described plano-convex lens is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover, described plano-convex lens 8 is for receiving the light signal reflected.The utility model can realize the multiparameter real-time detection to normalized differential vegetation index, leaf area index, biomass, plant unit area chlorophyll and nitrogen content, solve can not detect simultaneously obtain that multiple vegetation index, cost are high, complicated operation and be subject to the problem of external environment influence of light.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the utility model embodiment multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear principle assumption diagram;

Fig. 2 is the utility model embodiment laser probe structural representation;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment LASER Light Source;

Fig. 4 is the utility model embodiment LASER Light Source spatial deflection orientation schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is the utility model embodiment support frame structure schematic diagram.

In figure: 1: optic probe; 2: bracing frame; 3: communication module; 4: gather display module; 5: power module; 6: Signal-regulated kinase; 7: housing; 8: plano-convex lens; 9: LASER Light Source; 9a: the first LASER Light Source; 9b: the second LASER Light Source; 10: optic probe mechanical cover; 11: laser diode; 12: spring; 13: spiral convex piano circular lens; 14: wave lens; 15: LASER Light Source shell; 16: the first screw holes; 17: card; 18: the second screw holes; 19: supporting spring; 20: support chip; 21: pretreatment module.

Embodiment

In description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " " interior ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " outward " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the utility model and simplified characterization for convenience of description, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.

In description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, concrete condition the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the utility model can be understood.In addition, in description of the present utility model, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " multiple " is two or more.

For making the object of the utility model embodiment, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present utility model, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite not making creative work, all belongs to the scope of the utility model protection.

As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear that the utility model embodiment provides, it is characterized in that, comprise: optic probe 1, pretreatment module 21, housing 7 and plano-convex lens 8, described optic probe 1 comprises optic probe mechanical cover 10 and four LASER Light Source 9, described housing 7 is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover 10, described LASER Light Source 9 corresponds to described plano-convex lens 8 and is arranged in optic probe mechanical cover 10, described pretreatment module 21 is arranged on described housing 7, described plano-convex lens 8 is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover 10, described plano-convex lens 8 is for receiving the light signal reflected.

Preferably, described pretreatment module 21 comprises communication module 3, gathers display module 4 and signal processing module 6, described pretreatment module 21 pairs of light signals carry out pre-service, and described optic probe 1 is responsible for producing the collectiong focusing function of irradiating the consistent uniform bar shaped light belt of vegetation area and completing vegetation reflectance spectrum; Optic probe 1 is by bracing frame 2 and housing 7 fixed-link, and its one-piece construction is stablized, and stability is high, is convenient to device and is arranged on other equipment; The reflectance spectrum signal that Signal-regulated kinase 6 is responsible for switchable optical probe 1 focusing is electric signal, and completes the signal condition functions such as corresponding signal filtering, amplification.

Preferably, described collection display module 4 is responsible for the collection of the electric signal that Signal-regulated kinase 6 has processed, and calculate the reflectivity of each wave band, according to the transformational relation of built-in reflectivity and vegetation index, obtain NDVI (English name: NormalizedDifferenceVegetationIndex, Chinese name: normalized differential vegetation index), LAI (English name: LeafAreaIndex, Chinese name: leaf area index), Biomass (Chinese name: biomass), CHL (English name: chlorophyll, Chinese name: plant unit area chlorophyll) and N (English name: Nitrogen, Chinese name: nitrogen) content 5 kinds of vegetation indexs, the vegetation index obtained is transmitted by communication module 3, the power supply of whole system is provided by power module 5, Power supply adopts accumulator or lithium battery power supply.

As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, in order to the LASER Light Source enabling 660nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm laser diode form produces same transmit angle, width-adjustable and uniform bar shaped light belt, ensure that the region that 4 kinds of wave band light sources are irradiated on vegetation is identical, appropriate design has been carried out to light path.

LASER Light Source 9 comprises: LASER Light Source shell 15, spring 12, screw thread convex piano circular lens 13, and be arranged at laser diode 11 and the wave lens 14 at LASER Light Source shell 15 two ends, described screw thread convex piano circular lens 13 is arranged between described laser diode 11 and wave lens 14, described spring 12 is arranged between described laser diode 11 and screw thread convex piano circular lens 13, by using wave lens 14, produce certain emission angle and uniform bar shaped light belt, the width of light belt can be regulated by spring 12 and spiral convex piano circular lens 13;

LASER Light Source 9 in the present embodiment comprises the first LASER Light Source 9a and the second LASER Light Source 9b, in order to ensure that plano-convex lens 8 receives the maximality of vegetation reflected light, according to the geometric position of LASER Light Source and plano-convex lens, calculate described LASER Light Source (9) with the center of described wave lens (14) for the anglec of rotation of rotation center in the plane of the plane being perpendicular formed with four described LASER Light Source 9, the light source of four different-wavebands is arranged side by side and the first LASER Light Source 9a and the second LASER Light Source 9b is symmetrical between two, in order to ensure that different-waveband LASER Light Source 9 irradiates the consistance of vegetation area, according to the spacing of different-waveband LASER Light Source 9 and the size of LASER Light Source shell 15, calculating both sides first LASER Light Source 9a and the second LASER Light Source 9b is the anglec of rotation of rotation center in the plane that four described LASER Light Source 9 are formed at the center of described wave lens 14, the anglec of rotation of the first LASER Light Source 9a and the second LASER Light Source 9b is different, first LASER Light Source 9a is larger than the anglec of rotation of the second LASER Light Source 9b.

Preferably, described LASER Light Source 9 with the center of described wave lens 14 for the plane internal rotation of rotation center at the plane being perpendicular formed with four described LASER Light Source 9 turns.The plane internal rotation that described LASER Light Source 9 is formed four described LASER Light Source 9 for rotation center with the center of described wave lens 14 turns, during to ensure that described LASER Light Source 9 is radiated on vegetation, focusing effect reaches best, preferably, the spectrum broadband of described LASER Light Source 9 is not higher than 20nm.

LASER Light Source 9 and plano-convex lens 8 are fixed by optic probe mechanical cover 10; To be combined with the entirety of crust of the device 7 to make optic probe 1 and device be convenient to install, the bracing frame 2, Fig. 5 devising stainless steel shows the detail of bracing frame 2, mainly comprises:

Card 17, size, according to crust of the device size design, effectively can block crust of the device;

Supporting spring 19, width is according to optic probe shell 10 bottom margin width design;

Second screw hole 18 arrives optic probe shell 10 for fixing supporting spring 19, thus holds up optic probe;

Support chip 20, for connecting card 17 and supporting spring 19, the whole device of effective picking-up;

First screw hole 16, is convenient to the connection of device and extraneous support bar.

During use, by the spectral reflectivity that field spectroradiometer experiment obtains, extract and normalized differential vegetation index, leaf area index, biomass, plant unit area chlorophyll, the wave band that nitrogen content is relevant, set up the transformation model extracted between band spectrum reflectivity and vegetation index, centre wavelength is used to be extracted the laser diode of wave band, composition single band LASER Light Source, the light of different-waveband LASER Light Source emitted is radiated on plant leaf blade, light is reflected by blade, reflex on plano-convex lens, the light signal reflected is converted into electric signal by this device, electric signal after conversion is carried out pre-service by pretreatment module by this device, thus realize obtaining corresponding vegetation index according to the transformation model between spectral reflectivity to vegetation index.

Use the detection method of a kind of multiparameter vegetation index active optical sniffer of the present utility model, comprising:

Step S1, the spectral reflectivity obtained by field spectroradiometer experiment, is extracted and normalized differential vegetation index, leaf area index, biomass, plant unit area chlorophyll, wave band that nitrogen content is relevant;

Step S2, sets up the transformation model extracted between band spectrum reflectivity and vegetation index;

Step S3, uses centre wavelength to be extracted the laser diode of wave band, and composition single band LASER Light Source, irradiates Vegetation canopy;

Step S4, measures the spectral reflectivity of each LASER Light Source, obtains corresponding vegetation index according to the transformation model between spectral reflectivity to vegetation index.

Extracted by field spectroradiometer experiment in step S1 and be respectively 660nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm to NDVI, LAI, Biomass, CHL, wave band that N content is relevant.

The transformational relation extracted in step S2 between band spectrum reflectivity and each vegetation index is as follows: wherein ρ ₆₆₀, ρ ₇₀₀, ρ ₇₅₀, ρ ₈₀₀be respectively the spectral reflectivity extracting wave band, a ₁, a ₂, a ₃, a ₄, a ₅, a ₆, b ₁, b ₂for constant.

$NDVI=\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{800}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{600}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{800}+{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{600}}$

$LAI=e^{\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{800}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{600}}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{800}+{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{600}}}}$

$Biomass=a_1{e}^{\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{800}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{600}}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{800}+{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{600}}}}+b_1$

$CHL=a_2\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{8oo}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{660}}+a_3(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{750}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{700}}-1)+a_4\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{750}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{700}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{700}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{660}}\right)+b_2$

$N=a_5{(a_2\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{800}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{660}}+a_3(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{750}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{700}}-1)+a_4(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{750}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{700}}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{700}-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{660}})+b_2)}^{a_6}$

The LASER Light Source using 660nm, 700nm, 750nm, 800nm laser diode to form in step S3 irradiates vegetation.

The spectral reflectivity of laser light source on vegetation in step S4, according to the transformational relation in step S2, calculates NDVI, LAI, Biomass, CHL and N content parameter of obtaining vegetation.

In sum, the utility model gives a rational scheme for the design of multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear, comprise: optic probe, pretreatment module, housing and plano-convex lens, described optic probe comprises optic probe mechanical cover and four LASER Light Source, described housing is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover, described LASER Light Source corresponds to described plano-convex lens and is arranged in optic probe mechanical cover, described pretreatment module is arranged on described housing, described plano-convex lens is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover, described plano-convex lens 8 is for receiving the light signal reflected.Relative to prior art, compensate for prior art can not obtain multiple vegetation index simultaneously, high cost, complicated operation and be subject to the shortcoming of external environment influence of light.

Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, be not intended to limit; Although be described in detail the utility model with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical scheme of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear, it is characterized in that, comprise: optic probe (1), pretreatment module (21), housing (7) and plano-convex lens (8), described optic probe (1) comprises optic probe mechanical cover (10) and four LASER Light Source (9), described housing (7) is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover (10), described LASER Light Source (9) is arranged in optic probe mechanical cover (10) corresponding to described plano-convex lens (8), described pretreatment module (21) is arranged on described housing (7), described plano-convex lens (8) is arranged on described optic probe mechanical cover (10), described plano-convex lens (8) is for receiving the light signal reflected.

2. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pretreatment module (21) comprises communication module (3), gathers display module (4) and signal processing module (6), and described pretreatment module (21) carries out pre-service to light signal.

3. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described LASER Light Source (9) comprising: LASER Light Source shell (15), spring (12), screw thread convex piano circular lens (13), and be arranged at laser diode (11) and the wave lens (14) at LASER Light Source shell (15) two ends, described screw thread convex piano circular lens (13) is arranged between described laser diode (11) and wave lens (14), described spring (12) is arranged between described laser diode (11) and screw thread convex piano circular lens (13).

4. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 3, is characterized in that: four described LASER Light Source (9) are in same plane; Described two adjacent LASER Light Source (9) with wave lens (14) for benchmark is equidistantly arranged.

5. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described LASER Light Source (9) with the center of described wave lens (14) for the plane internal rotation of rotation center at the plane being perpendicular formed with four described LASER Light Source turns.

6. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the plane internal rotation that described LASER Light Source (9) is formed four described LASER Light Source (9) for rotation center with the center of described wave lens (14) turns.

7. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the spectrum broadband of described LASER Light Source (9) is not higher than 20nm.

8. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise bracing frame (2), support frame as described above (2) is connected with housing (7), optic probe mechanical cover (10) respectively.

9. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the material of support frame as described above (2) is stainless steel.

10. multiparameter vegetation index optical detecting gear according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise power module (5), and described power module (5) is powered for whole system, adopts accumulator or lithium battery.