CN103731440A - Near-infrared crop growth information real-time monitoring and crop disaster prediction wireless system - Google Patents

Abstract

A crop growth information real-time monitoring node of a near-infrared crop growth information real-time monitoring and crop disaster prediction wireless system comprises a crop growth nutrition and eco-physiological information monitoring node, a crop growth form and disease, insect and grass information monitoring node and a multi-parameter crop growth soil and microclimate monitoring node. The crop growth information real-time monitoring node, a GPRS, the Internet, a data processing center, a GIS and a GPS are combined to constitute the system, and the system is used for determining the positions of abnormal information monitoring nodes and connected with a mobile phone through a GSM. Node real-time monitoring data are analyzed by applying improved near-infrared stoichiometric software and processed through a precision agriculture expert system, and meanwhile a grey system prediction model is used for predicating disasters of crops. The near-infrared crop growth information real-time monitoring and crop disaster prediction wireless system is simple in structure, convenient to operate and good in real-time performance, integrates the advantages of the near-infrared spectroscopic analysis technology and the advantages of the wireless sensor network technology, and provides basically technical support for a precision agriculture platform in an Internet-of-Things environment.

Description

Near-infrared crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring and hazard prediction wireless system thereof

Technical field

The present invention fully applies the advantage of near-infrared spectral analysis technology and gray system theory feature, design is under wireless sensor network environment, node hardware unit and the data processing platform (DPP) thereof of crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring, it is the important support part realizing in precision agriculture implementation platform.

Background technology

Existing crop growth information (as soil and the miniclimate of nutrition and physiological ecological, form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus, growth) monitoring is all the portable or handheld instrument of application to crop growth, detect on the spot.The weak point that this class detects is to lack real-time, to instructing precision agriculture to produce, has little significance, and detecting instrument index is few, and must testing staff arrive on-the-spot, particularly when carrying out Large Area of Crops detection, expend a large amount of manpower and materials, time-consuming, testing cost is high.

The content of invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing crop growth information detection technology, fully application near infrared detection with wireless sensor network advantage, both are combined to GPS and the GIS technology of adding, change and detect as Real-Time Monitoring, and apply gray system theory and realize disastrous prediction, under wireless sensor network environment, for realizing precision agriculture platform, provide the support of foundation.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides near-infrared crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring and disastrous prediction wireless sensor network system thereof, composition of the present invention as shown in Figure 1: the combination monitoring node 1, gateway node 2, base station 3, GPRS network 4 and Iternet network 5, Monitoring Data processing center 6 etc. that have crop growth information.

Further improvement of the present invention is:

1. combination Real-Time Monitoring node of the present invention, is actually and is comprised of three nodes:

1) crop growth nutrition and physiological ecological information Real-Time Monitoring node, its function is nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium content of monitoring crops, enzyme activity, solubility, non-solubility albumen, total amino acid content, the indexs such as MDA.The transducer of this node adopts near infrared light diffuse reflection probe and near-infrared fixed light path array detector, and index and the near infrared spectrum of monitoring are set up causes, realize many Monitoring Indexes.

2) crop growth soil and miniclimate Real-Time Monitoring node, its function is the water content of simultaneously monitoring the soil of crop growth, near miniclimate nutritional labeling and monitoring point, i.e. humiture and wind speed etc.By corresponding multiple sensor samples, formed.

3) crop growth form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus information Real-Time Monitoring node, CMOS near infrared light transducer for this node, mainly obtains the information such as colour set feature, three-dimensional configuration of plant.

Wherein Large Area of Crops monitoring node 1 forms as accompanying drawing 3: the compositions such as crop information pick-up transducers 6, signal conditioning circuit 7, CC2530 radio frequency SOC (system on a chip) 8, gps data acquisition module 9, photoelectric source 12; Gateway node 2 accompanying drawings 4 form: CC2530 radio frequency SOC (system on a chip) 8, ARM32 bit microprocessor 13, GPRS module 17, honourable power supply 14 etc.Small size crops monitoring node composition diagram attached 5: crop growth information acquisition sensor 6, signal conditioning circuit 7, GPRS module, honourable power supply 11.

2. wireless sensing system of the present invention also comprises: wireless sensing sensor network monitoring node is transferred to database of National Center 20 by Real-time Monitoring Data, through relevant Grey System Theory Model, carry out the disastrous prediction of crop growth, with the analysis of near-infrared relational model, realize many Monitoring Indexes data of crop growth information simultaneously, the result of correlation model is through expert system analysis processing, is used for guiding agricultural production.The abnormal information of monitoring combines with the GIS24 software being stored in monitoring center's computer by the locating information of GPS, realize monitoring and carry out in real time accurately location with the crop growth abnormal information of analyzing, to abnormal information energy automatic alarm, by GSM23 note, be automatically sent in relevant staff's mobile phone.

Crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring node apparatus of the present invention and data handling system thereof have following good effect:

1. the advantage of near-infrared spectral analysis technology is combined with wireless sensor network technology advantage, the crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring node apparatus of design, realize Real-Time Monitoring, and its data are carried out to wireless sensing transmission, for precision agriculture platform provides basic technology support.

2. the sampling sensor of crop growth nutrition and Ecological information Real-Time Monitoring node and crop growth form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus monitoring node all adopts near ir devices, has that real-time is good, a feature such as monitoring index, many precision are high and simple in structure.

3. the power supply of composite type Real-Time Monitoring node is all to adopt photovoltaic power source (wind-light-electricity power supply), realizes energy-saving and emission-reduction truly.

4. Real-Time Monitoring node both can monitor large-area crop growth information also can be monitored small size crop growth information.Accompanying drawing 5 can also be served as Portable near infrared crop growth information and be detected and monitor.

5. in monitoring node, pack gps data acquisition module into, the Real-Time Monitoring node location data of collection can be combined with the GIS in data processing centre computer, determine rapidly the position of Real-Time Monitoring abnormal information, and by the abnormal information in Real-Time Monitoring, by GSM platform, send note in relevant staff's mobile phone.

6. according to the disastrous change mechanism of crops, application Grey System Theory Model, carries out the disastrous prediction of crop growth.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1. Large Area of Crops growth information monitoring system schematic diagram

Fig. 2. small size crop growth information monitoring system schematic diagram

Fig. 3. Large Area of Crops growth information monitoring node figure

Fig. 4. Large Area of Crops growth information monitoring net joint point diagram

Fig. 5. small size crop growth information monitoring node diagram

Fig. 6. crop growth information data is processed and disaster prediction system

Fig. 7. the optical principle schematic diagram of diffuse reflection near-infrared fibre-optical probe

Fig. 8. the light path schematic diagram of near-infrared fixed light path array detector

In figure, 0 large (little) area crops, detection node 1, gateway node 2, base station 3, GPRS/GSM4, INTERNET5, inspection center 6, the raw information acquisition sensor 7 of crops, signal conditioning circuit 8, radiofrequency emitting module (CC2530) 9 based on Zigbee communication protocol, gps data acquisition module 10, usb 11, photoelectric source 12, power management chip 13, microprocessor 14, scene power supply 15, SIM card seat 16, GPRS/GSM module 17, corps nutrient and physiological ecological Real-Time Monitoring information 18, crop growth soil and miniclimate Real-Time Monitoring information 19, crop growth form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus Real-Time Monitoring information 20, quantitative information database 21, ((1) data show and analytic curve (using gray system theory modeling) system Presentation Function, (2) near-infrared relational model is analyzed and is shown, (3) crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring (expert system) 22, GSM note automatic remote reports to the police 23, on-the-spot GIS shows exact position and automatic alarm 24, precision agriculture platform 25, light source 26, luminous source optical fiber 27, detection fiber 28, detector (TSL245) 29, crops 30, entrance slit 31, Dispersive Devices 32, array detector 33.

Special instruction, in Fig. 3, Fig. 5, crop growth information acquisition sensor 6 is because of the difference difference of node.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, near-infrared crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring of the present invention and disastrous prediction wireless sensing system thereof are elaborated.

Shown in accompanying drawing 1: the compositions such as the monitoring node 1 of crop growth information, gateway node 2, base station 3, GPRS network 4 and Iternet network 5, Monitoring Data processing center 6.

The monitoring node 1 of crop growth information is constructed as follows:

Crop growth nutrition and physiological ecological information Real-Time Monitoring node, its function is nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium content of monitoring crops, enzyme activity, solubility, non-solubility albumen, total amino acid content, the indexs such as MDA.The transducer of this node adopts near infrared light diffuse reflection probe, and index and the near infrared spectrum of monitoring are set up causes, realize many Monitoring Indexes.

Crop growth soil and miniclimate information Real-Time Monitoring node, its function is the water content of simultaneously monitoring the soil of crop growth nutrition and physiological ecological information monitoring node crop growth, near miniclimate nutritional labeling and monitoring point, i.e. humiture and wind speed etc.By corresponding multiple sensor samples, formed.According to above-mentioned requirements soil monitoring transducer, select as follows: soil temperature-moisture sensor-FDS-100, the compact design of this sensor bulk, easy to carry, install, operate and safeguard simple.Reasonable in design, Stainless Steel probe guarantees useful life.Outside with the pure colloid encapsulation of epoxy resin, good airproof performance, the middle use of can directly placing into the soil, and do not corroded.Vane and the weathercock of air velocity transducer WFS-1 type are manufactured by high-weatherability, high-strength engineering plastic, and sensor housing is used ABS engineering plastics to be shaped, and upper-lower casing is sealed by rubber o-ring.Internal circuit is all through spraying three anti-paint processing, and whole air velocity transducer has the adaptability of good adverse environment resistant.

Crop growth form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus information Real-Time Monitoring node, CMOS near infrared light transducer for this node, mainly obtains the information such as colour set feature, three-dimensional configuration of plant.CMOS near infrared light transducer KP-F120F/KP-F120CL Hitachi near-infrared camera.

In accompanying drawing 3,4 and 5,9 select CC2530 radio-frequency module, microprocessor 14 selects the high speed arm processor AT91RM9200 of a embedded 32 ARM920T cores of Atmel company as center processor, there is high-performance, low-power consumption, low cost feature, its instruction process speed can be up to 200MI/s (million VAX Instructions Per Second VAXs), can meet the high-speed transfer requirement of wireless sensor gateway node, it is again a technical grade microcontroller, can be applicable to the requirement of gateway node work under bad environment, guarantee the stability of gateway node work.The (SuSE) Linux OS that simultaneously can transplant standard on AT91RM9200, has reduced the development difficulty of gateway node software and has strengthened its portability, is conducive to the secondary development of software.

Wireless launcher comprises sim card socket 16, GPRS module 17 and antenna.Sim card socket 16 is connected with GPRS module 17 respectively with antenna.Wireless launcher is connected with power module with microprocessor respectively by GPRS module.GPRS module 17 is selected MC55 module, by the built-in ICP/IP protocol stack of MC55 module, by AT instruction control, makes application program be easy to access network.The advantage of this scheme is that it does not need application program, developer carries out TCP/IP and the PPP stack of oneself, minimized like this network is connected into required cost and a time of application program new or that existed, the wireless dial-up GPRS that realizes data connects.

Photoelectric source 12 and honourable power supply 15 are selected respectively reason scholar LPEPF100 and wind and light complementary power supply AC220/DC380.

In accompanying drawing 7,8, their composition: light source 26, luminous source optical fiber 27, detection fiber 28, detector (TSL245) 29, crops 30, entrance slit 31, Dispersive Devices 32, array detector 33.Accompanying drawing 7,8 is described as follows:

The novel array detection type of the one near infrared light monitoring sensing device that the present invention will adopt.Because the structure of grating wavelength sweep type near-infrared monitoring sensing device, the key factor that affects its sweep speed, anti-interference and signal to noise ratio is the structural design of mechanical scanning system and slit, and all these problems are all resolved in array detection type near infrared light monitoring sensing device structural design.As accompanying drawing 7, grating spectrum shines directly on array detector, has saved length scanning mechanical rotation system, and the different pixels order of detector is corresponding to the spectrum of different wave length.Device does not have moving-member, has improved anti-interference; Array detector reading out data speed is very fast, has significantly improved spectral wavelength sweep speed, can reach 50 spectrum/s.

Diffuse reflection near infrared light probe can be used for measuring various types of solid samples, as plastics, fruit, tablet, crops etc.Accompanying drawing 8 has provided a kind of optical principle schematic diagram of diffuse reflection optical fiber probe, for effectively collecting the irreflexive light of sample, and the diffuse reflection probe fiber bundles that adopt more.As n × m fiber bundle, n root optical fiber is used for transmitting and (is called luminous source optical fiber from the light of light source or monochromator, source fiber), make it to be irradiated on testing sample, m root optical fiber is used for collecting diffusing of sample and (is called detection fiber, detector fiber), and transmit light echo spectrometer.Fiber bundle be arranged with various ways, well-regulated, as inner ring optical fiber, make detection fiber, outer ring optical fiber is made luminous source optical fiber, or detection fiber and luminous source optical fiber be evenly spaced, also have or not regularly arranged, as random arrangement.Owing to adopting fiber bundle, light energy decay is serious, therefore transmission range is unsuitable long, generally in 50m.

Array detection type near infrared light monitoring sensing device is combined with diffuse reflection near infrared light probe, have complementary advantages, to crop growth nutrition and physiological ecological information Real-Time Monitoring, to obtain more monitoring information, guarantee that the precision of near-infrared data relationship data processing model is accurate.

The disastrous change mechanism of crops is very complicated, and its trend analysis is a complicated system, and the information that only depends on gas near infrared sensor to obtain is incomplete, itself has grey characteristics clearly, so process with gray theory, is better suited.Grey Catastkophe Forecasting is in fact exceptional value prediction, and which type of value be can be regarded as exceptional value, and people are subjective by rule of thumb often determines.The task of Grey Catastkophe Forecasting is to provide the moment that next or several exceptional values occur, so that people prepare in advance, takes some countermeasures.Appendix is shown in by grey hazard prediction model.

When system of the present invention is used, monitoring node (1,7 three node is installed nearby) is arranged in monitored crops field, monitor the growth information of crops: crop growth nutrition and physiological ecological information, crop growth soil and miniclimate information and crop growth form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus information, and by the data of monitoring in real time by Zigbee network and gateway node 2, and through GPRS network 4, Internet5, arrive Monitoring Data center 7 by base station 3.Through the near-infrared data relationship transaction module in data center's 7 Computer Databases (near-infrared data model: the Chemical Measurement software of applying existing maturation proofread and correct after application) can show Monitoring Data after processing, the generalized information system of being stored up by calculator memory simultaneously, and the position data gathering according to GPS module, have abnormal conditions, the computer screen of data center can automatic alarm and is sent to the relevant personnel's computer.Simultaneously data handling system, crop growth form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus information Real-Time Monitoring node, this node use CMOS near infrared light transducer, mainly obtains the information such as colour set feature, three-dimensional configuration of plant.These are Grey System Theory Model (seeing appendix) for information, carries out the disastrous prediction of crop growth.

Appendix

Grey Catastkophe Forecasting Mathematical Modeling

Original series is established in definition 1

X＝(x(1)，x(2)，...，x(n))

Given upper limit exceptional value (catastrophe value) ξ, the subsequence of title X

X _ξ＝(x[q(1)]，x[q(2)]，...，x[q(m)])＝{x[q(i)]|x[q(i)]≥ξ；i＝1，2，...，m}

For upper catastrophe sequence.

Original series is established in definition 2

X＝(x(1)，x(2)，...，x(n))

Given lower limit exceptional value (catastrophe value) ζ, the subsequence of title X

X _ζ＝(x[q(1)]，x[q(2)]，...，x[q(l)])＝{x[q(i)]|x[q(i)]≤ξ；i＝1，2，...，l}

For lower catastrophe sequence.

Upper catastrophe sequence and lower catastrophe sequence are referred to as catastrophe sequence.Because the catastrophe sequence Research Thinking to different is just the same, in the following discussion, we do not make any distinction between to upper catastrophe sequence and lower catastrophe sequence.

It is original series that X is established in definition 3

$X_{\mathrm{\ξ}}=\left(x\right[q\left(1\right)],x[q\left(2\right)],...,x[q\left(m\right)\left]\right)\⋐X$

For catastrophe sequence, claim

Q ⁽⁰⁾＝(q(1)，q(2)，...，q(m))

For catastrophe date sequence.

Hazard forecasting is exactly to pass through the research to catastrophe date sequence, finds its regularity, and on the date that after prediction, several times catastrophe occurs, the hazard forecasting of gray system is by catastrophe date sequence being set up to GM (1,1) model realization.

Definition 4 is established

Q ⁽⁰⁾＝(q(1)，q(2)，...，q(m))

For catastrophe date sequence, its 1-AGO sequence is

Q ⁽¹⁾＝(q(1) ⁽¹⁾，q(2) ⁽¹⁾，...，q(m) ⁽¹⁾)

Next-door neighbour's average generation sequence of Q (1) is Z (1), claims

q(k)+az ⁽¹⁾(k)＝b

For catastrophe GM (1,1).

Proposition 1 is established

for the least-squares estimation of catastrophe GM (1,1) argument sequence, GM (1,1) the sequence number response type of catastrophe date sequence is

? $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{\hat{q}}^{\left(1\right)}(k+1)=(q\left(1\right)-\frac{b}{a})e^{-\mathrm{ak}}+\frac{b}{a}\\ \hat{q}(k+1)={\hat{q}}^{\left(1\right)}(k+1)-{\hat{q}}^{\left(1\right)}\left(k\right),k\≥1\end{array}\right.$

Definition 5 is established

For original series, n is present moment, given exceptional value ξ, corresponding catastrophe date sequence

Q ⁽⁰⁾＝(q(1)，q(2)，...，q(m))

Wherein, q (m) (≤be n)

On the date that the last catastrophe occurs, claim

For the forecast date of catastrophe next time;

To any k > 0, be called the forecast date of following the k time catastrophe.

Claims (8)

1. near-infrared crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring and disastrous prediction wireless sensing sensor-based system thereof, is characterized in that: composition comprises combination monitoring node 1, gateway node 2, base station 3, the GPRS network 4 and Iternet network 5, Monitoring Data processing center 6 etc. of crop growth information.

2. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: combination Real-Time Monitoring node 1 composition of described crop growth information comprises crop growth nutrition and physiological ecological information monitoring node, crop growth soil and miniclimate monitoring node and crop growth form and sick Chinese caterpillar fungus information monitoring node.

3. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Large Area of Crops Real-Time Monitoring node composition diagram 3 comprises crop information pick-up transducers 7, signal conditioning circuit 8, CC2530 radio frequency SOC (system on a chip) 9, gps data acquisition module 10, photoelectric source etc.; Gateway node composition: CC2530 radio frequency SOC (system on a chip) 9, ARM32 bit microprocessor 14, GPRS module 16, honourable power supply 14 etc.

4. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: small size crops monitoring node composition diagram 5 comprises crop growth information acquisition sensor 6, signal conditioning circuit 7, GPRS module 10, honourable power supply 11.

5. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: application Grey System Theory Model carries out the disastrous prediction of agriculture growth information; The analysis of application near-infrared relational model realizes many Monitoring Indexes data of crop growth information, and the result of correlation model is through the processing of precision agriculture expert system analysis; The abnormal information of monitoring combines with GIS software by GPS communication module 10, realize monitoring and carry out locating in real time accurately with the crop growth abnormal information of analyzing, to abnormal information energy automatic alarm, and with GSM mobile handset net connection.

6. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: near-infrared crop growth information Real-Time Monitoring and disastrous prediction wireless sensing sensor-based system gateway node thereof are applied honourable power supply 15 and monitoring node application photoelectric source 12.

7. according to claim 2, crop growth nutrition and physiological ecological information monitoring node, it is characterized in that: comprise light source 26, luminous source optical fiber 27, detection fiber 28, detector (TSL245) 29, crops 30, entrance slit 31, Dispersive Devices 32, array detector 33, can to crops, carry out slow reflection and transmission respectively.

8. according to claim 4, small size crops Real-Time Monitoring node, is characterized in that: can also serve as portable mobile wireless near-infrared crop growth information monitoring and detector.

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