CN103149180B - Detection method of soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance - Google Patents
Detection method of soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance Download PDFInfo
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- CN103149180B CN103149180B CN201310038981.4A CN201310038981A CN103149180B CN 103149180 B CN103149180 B CN 103149180B CN 201310038981 A CN201310038981 A CN 201310038981A CN 103149180 B CN103149180 B CN 103149180B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection device of soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance and a detection method thereof. A soil detection probe is arranged at the bottom of the device. The device further comprises a sensing unit. The sensing unit is used for generating optical signals and constant currents, generating reflected light signals and voltage signals through soil, converting the reflected light signals to electrical signals, and sending the electrical signals and the voltage signals to a control processing unit. The control processing unit is used for controlling the device and processing the received electrical signals and the voltage signals to obtain soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance, revision is carried out on the soil spectral reflectivity according to the soil specific conductance, and revised soil specific conductance is utilized to obtain soil nutrient parameter detection results. Through the adoption of the device and the method, soil nutrient parameter detection and the soil specific conductance are integrally compounded, the soil spectral reflectivity is revised, precision of the nutrient parameter detection is improved, anti-interference is strong, carrying is convenient, and thus efficient and accurate soil detection results are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Soil Testing, particularly a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector and detection method thereof.
Background technology
Soil nutrient parameter (being mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the content of organic matter) is important soil fertility index, it reflects the ability of soil supply plant growth.Nitrogen mainly promotes the individual growth of plant roots, stem, leaf, is the primary nutrient forming certain quality product, and its deficiency directly affects plant growing way, results product and quality thereof.
Near-infrared spectrum analysis is mainly divided into transmission spectral analysis and the analysis of spectrum that diffuses.Transmission spectral analysis uses near infrared short wavelength regions (0.8 ~ 1.2 μm), is mainly used in analyzing liquid sample or the larger sample of transmitance; The analysis of spectrum that diffuses uses near infrared Long wavelength region (1.4 ~ 2.5 μm), is mainly used in analyzing powdered samples or solid sample.The major advantage of near-infrared spectrum analysis is: analysis speed is fast, preparation of samples is simple, can carry out the analysis of various ingredients for single spectrum, do not consume sample, do not have chemical contamination etc.The real-time detection of soil nitrogen worldwide remains a difficult point.
Have now U.S. ASD(Analytical Spectral Devices in technology) company produce FieldSpec FR Pro field spectroradiometer, spectrometer wavelength scope is 0.35 ~ 2.5 μm, wavelength accuracy is ± 1nm, this instrument may be used for Grain Growth Situation and detects and spectral reflectance collection, but owing to belonging to passive light source detection, affected by environment larger, need continuous examination criteria plate reflectivity, the result obtained is inaccurate comprehensively, if need matching standard plate and computer for field Site Detection, need 2-3 people with the use of working, thus cause measuring process loaded down with trivial details, expend time in longer, poor real, modern fine agricultural can not be met require in the short time, to complete requirement of measuring in enormous quantities.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: how to provide a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector and detection method thereof soil nutrient parameter detecting and soil conductivity can be compound in one, realize the synchro measure of multiparameter, and the precision of soil nutrient parameter detecting, anti-interference and portability can be improved, thus obtain the Soil K+adsorption result of efficiently and accurately.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, this bottom of device is Soil K+adsorption probe, and this device also comprises:
Sensing unit, for generation of light signal and constant electric current, produces reflected light signal and voltage signal through soil, reflected light signal is converted to electric signal, described electric signal and voltage signal are sent to processing unit processed
Controlled processing unit, for to control described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, the described electric signal received and voltage signal are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result.
Preferably, described sensing unit comprises:
Light source, for generation of light signal;
Optical fiber, pops one's head in described Soil K+adsorption, light source, controlled processing unit is connected, for transmitting incidence and reflected light signal;
Photoelectric sensor, for being converted to electric signal by reflected light signal;
Constant-current supply, for generation of constant electric current;
Ring type probe, is arranged in bottom of device Soil K+adsorption probe, is alternately arranged, is connected, flows through the voltage of soil for probe current with described constant-current supply and controlled processing unit with insulation annulus.
Preferably, described ring type probe is Fourth Ring probe, and wherein the ring type probe at two ends is the input end of constant-current supply, is connected with described constant-current supply, and two middle ring type probes are voltage signal output end, are connected with described controlled processing unit.
Preferably, described controlled processing unit comprises: device control units, amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor, display and USB flash disk memory module;
Described processor is used for processing the described electric signal received and voltage signal, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result;
Described USB flash disk memory module is used for detection data to be stored in USB flash disk.
Preferably, this device is also provided with optical filter.
Preferably, described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector are " Y " shape, and " Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity is connected with light source and controlled processing unit respectively with two tops of conductivity detector, and bottom is Soil K+adsorption probe.
The present invention also provides a kind of Soil K+adsorption method, and the method comprising the steps of:
Soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector are opened by device control units by S1, insert in soil by the Soil K+adsorption probe segment of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector;
S2 light source produces light signal in the soil that optical fiber incides in Soil K+adsorption probe, and constant-current supply produces constant electric current, flows through the soil in Soil K+adsorption probe through wire, ring type probe;
Reflected light signal is produced after soil in the incident Soil K+adsorption probe of light signal described in S3, be electric signal by Optical Fiber Transmission to conversion of photoelectric sensor, described electric signal is sent to described controlled processing unit, described constant electric current flows through the Zinc fractions voltage signal in Soil K+adsorption probe, and described voltage signal is sent to described controlled processing unit;
Controlled processing unit described in S4 utilizes described electric signal and voltage signal to calculate spectral reflectivity and the conductivity content of soil by processor, the conductivity of soil is utilized to obtain modified value, the spectral reflectivity of soil is revised, is obtained the testing result of soil nutrient parameter by the spectral reflectivity of revised soil;
Display display testing result on S5 controlled processing unit, testing result is saved to USB flash disk by USB flash disk memory module.
Preferably, controlled processing unit described in step S4 utilizes amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit to carry out pre-service to described electric signal and voltage signal.
Preferably, the acquisition methods of the modified value of the spectral reflectivity of soil described in step S4 is:
S41 preparation standard soil sample, described standard soil sample be air-dry in surveyed area after soil;
S42 utilizes the soil conductivity of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector measurement standard soil sample, is designated as σ
0;
S43 utilizes optical filter to obtain n spectral reflectance values, and the optical filter number of employing is n, then one-shot measurement can record n spectral reflectance values R
1, R
2..., R
n, the value of soil conductivity is σ;
S44 revises according to formula (1) the spectral reflectivity measured
Wherein, R
ifor the soil spectrum reflectivity detected, σ
0for the conductivity value of standard soil sample, σ is the conductivity value of the soil detected, R'
ifor the modified value of soil spectrum reflectivity.
(3) beneficial effect
Soil light reflectivity and soil conductivity are compound in one by soil spectrum reflectivity of the present invention and conductivity detector and detection method thereof, soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, improve Soil K+adsorption precision, adopt active light source, strong interference immunity and being easy to carry, thus obtain the Soil K+adsorption result of efficiently and accurately.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of embodiment of the present invention soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of embodiment of the present invention Soil K+adsorption method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
A kind of soil spectrum reflectivity of the embodiment of the present invention and conductivity detector, this bottom of device is Soil K+adsorption probe, and this device comprises: sensing unit and controlled processing unit;
Sensing unit, for generation of light signal and constant electric current, produces reflected light signal and voltage signal through soil, reflected light signal is converted to electric signal, described electric signal and voltage signal are sent to controlled processing unit
Described sensing unit comprises:
Light source, for generation of light signal;
Optical fiber, pops one's head in described Soil K+adsorption, light source, controlled processing unit is connected, for transmitting incidence and reflected light signal;
Photoelectric sensor, for being converted to electric signal by reflected light signal;
Constant-current supply, for generation of constant electric current;
Ring type probe, is arranged in bottom of device Soil K+adsorption probe, is alternately arranged, is connected, flows through the voltage of soil for probe current with described constant-current supply and controlled processing unit with insulation annulus.
Preferably, described ring type probe is Fourth Ring probe, and wherein the ring type probe at two ends is the input end of constant-current supply, is connected with described constant-current supply, and two middle ring type probes are voltage signal output end, are connected with described controlled processing unit.
Controlled processing unit, for to control described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, the described electric signal received and voltage signal are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result.
Described controlled processing unit comprises: device control units, amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor, display and USB flash disk memory module;
Described processor is used for processing the described electric signal received and voltage signal, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result;
Described USB flash disk memory module is used for detection data to be stored in USB flash disk.
Concrete, the soil spectrum reflectivity of the embodiment of the present invention and conductivity detector are " Y " shape as shown in Figure 1, are made up of sensing unit 1 and controlled processing unit 2.Sensing unit comprises tungsten halogen lamp 4, light source driving circuit, shared Y type incidence/mirror based fiber optica 5, photodetector, the constant-current supply 6 and 4 circle circular ring type probe 7 that can provide visible ray and near-infrared light source; Controlled processing unit draws together amplifying circuit 8, filtering circuit 9, A/D change-over circuit 10, MSP43C processor 11, stepping motor control circuit, liquid crystal display circuit and synchronous USB flash disk memory circuit.
On two tops providing the tungsten halogen lamp of visible ray and near-infrared light source and controlled processing unit to be separately positioned on " Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, the tungsten halogen lamp of visible ray and near-infrared light source can be provided to be driven by light source driving circuit, " Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector inside are provided with shared Y type incidence/mirror based fiber optica, shared Y type incidence/optical filter combination 12 is set between mirror based fiber optica and controlled processing unit, the convenient repetitive measurement to soil.
" Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector bottom be that Soil K+adsorption probe inside arranges 4 circle circular ring type probes, 4 circle circular ring type probes adopt metal ring and rubber ring to be alternately arranged, form J, 4 sections of probes of M, N, K form, wherein JK end is as alternating constant current source input end, MN end is as voltage signal output end, and 4 circle circular ring type probes are connected by wire 13 with controlled processing unit and alternating constant current source, and shown alternating constant current source comprises signal generator and constant-current source circuit.
Controlled processing unit encloses circular ring type probe with photodetector and 4 and is connected, and controlled processing unit is inner, and photodetector, amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor connect successively; 4 circle circular ring type probes, RMS-DC converter circuit, amplifying circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor connect successively
Soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector by incident optical by the soil below the optical transport of light source to earth's surface, wherein a part of light is by soil absorption, another part light forms diffuse reflection at probe soil surface above, information feed back is returned by mirror based fiber optica by the light of reflection, its reflection ray reaches photodetector, photodetector is converted into electric signal light signal, can calculate the spectral reflectivity of soil according to the size of electric signal.The conductivity measurement part of sensor supplies as driving source the exchange current that JK holds a constant amplitude by an AC constant-current source, can measure voltage signal at MN end, utilizes the voltage signal measured just can calculate soil conductivity.
The voltage signal that electric signal after the photodetector conversion of sensing unit and the conductivity measurement part of sensor export and gps signal are sent into ARM9 processor and are amplified, filtering etc., again by the correction of soil spectrum reflectivity, soil nitrogen forecast model and conductivity forecast model, calculate soil nitrogen value and soil conductivity value successively.
The present invention also provides a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detection method as shown in Figure 2, and the method comprising the steps of:
Soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector are opened by device control units by S1, insert in soil by the Soil K+adsorption probe segment of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector;
S2 light source produces light signal in the soil that optical fiber incides in Soil K+adsorption probe, and constant-current supply produces constant electric current, flows through the soil in Soil K+adsorption probe through wire, ring type probe;
Reflected light signal is produced after soil in the incident Soil K+adsorption probe of light signal described in S3, be electric signal by Optical Fiber Transmission to conversion of photoelectric sensor, described electric signal is sent to described controlled processing unit, described constant electric current flows through the Zinc fractions voltage signal in Soil K+adsorption probe, and described voltage signal is sent to described controlled processing unit;
Controlled processing unit described in S4 utilizes described electric signal and voltage signal to calculate spectral reflectivity and the conductivity content of soil by processor, utilize the conductivity of soil to obtain the spectral reflectivity of modified value to soil to revise, obtained the testing result of soil by the spectral reflectivity of revised soil;
Display display testing result on S5 controlled processing unit, testing result is saved to USB flash disk by USB flash disk memory module.
Preferably, controlled processing unit described in step S4 utilizes amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit to carry out pre-service to described electric signal and voltage signal.
Preferably, the acquisition methods of the modified value of the spectral reflectivity of soil described in step S4 is:
S41 preparation standard soil sample, described standard soil sample be air-dry in surveyed area after soil;
S42 utilizes the soil conductivity of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector measurement standard soil sample, is designated as σ
0;
S43 utilizes optical filter to obtain n spectral reflectance values, and the optical filter number of employing is n, then one-shot measurement can record n spectral reflectance values R
1, R
2..., R
n, soil conductivity be σ;
S44 revises according to formula (1) the spectral reflectivity measured
Wherein, R
ifor the soil spectrum reflectivity detected, σ
0for the conductivity value of standard soil sample, σ is the conductivity value of the soil detected, R'
ifor the modified value of soil spectrum reflectivity.
According to the feature (such as black soil of Northeast China, North China moisture soil etc.) of the different geographical soil texture in preferred step S41, the soil collecting arable layer is air-dry rear as demarcation standard soil sample, demarcation standard soil sample is put in cylindrical shape insulating material (plastics, pottery etc.), drum diameter need be greater than 30cm, and soil thickness need be greater than 50cm.Demarcation standard soil sample is permanent use, and once preparation can Long-Time Service, does not need to change.
In Soil K+adsorption, adopt the method for VC+MapX to form soil nutrient horizontal distribution figure, single-point nutrient content and gps coordinate information are combined, realize the display of single-point nutrient content, interpolation, plot area measuring and calculating, the generation of community nutrient content isogram, for variable fertilization provides decision-making foundation.
Above embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all equivalent technical schemes also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. soil spectrum reflectivity and a conductivity detection method, is characterized in that, the method comprising the steps of:
Soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector are opened by device control units by S1, insert in soil by the Soil K+adsorption probe segment of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector;
S2 light source produces light signal in the soil that optical fiber incides in Soil K+adsorption probe, and constant-current supply produces constant electric current, flows through the soil in Soil K+adsorption probe through wire, ring type probe;
Reflected light signal is produced after soil in the incident Soil K+adsorption probe of light signal described in S3, be electric signal by Optical Fiber Transmission to conversion of photoelectric sensor, described electric signal is sent to controlled processing unit, described constant electric current flows through the Zinc fractions voltage signal in Soil K+adsorption probe, and described voltage signal is sent to described controlled processing unit;
Controlled processing unit described in S4 utilizes described electric signal and voltage signal to calculate spectral reflectivity and the conductivity of soil by processor, utilize the conductivity of soil to obtain the spectral reflectivity of modified value to soil to revise, obtained the testing result of soil by the spectral reflectivity of revised soil;
Display display testing result on S5 controlled processing unit, testing result is saved to USB flash disk by USB flash disk memory module;
The acquisition methods of the modified value of the spectral reflectivity of soil described in step S4 is:
S41 preparation standard soil sample, described standard soil sample be air-dry in surveyed area after soil;
S42 utilizes the soil conductivity of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector measurement standard soil sample, is designated as σ
0;
S43 utilizes optical filter to obtain n spectral reflectance values, and the optical filter number of employing is n, then one-shot measurement can record n spectral reflectance values R
1, R
2..., R
n, the value of soil conductivity is σ;
S44 revises according to formula (1) the spectral reflectivity measured
Wherein, R
ifor the soil spectrum reflectivity detected, σ
0for the conductivity value of standard soil sample, σ is the conductivity value of the soil detected, R'
ifor the modified value of soil spectrum reflectivity.
2. soil spectrum reflectivity as claimed in claim 1 and conductivity detection method, it is characterized in that, controlled processing unit described in step S4 utilizes amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit to carry out pre-service to described electric signal and voltage signal.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA2914959A1 (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2014-12-24 | Step Ahead Innovations, Inc. | Aquatic environment water parameter testing systems and methods |
| CN106248631B (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2023-05-05 | 安徽农业大学 | Soil plough layer nutrient dynamic test system and method based on spectral reflectance |
| CN106814090A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-09 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | A kind of soil K element content measuring method and device |
| CN108088818B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-08-11 | 中国农业大学 | Vehicle-mounted soil water content and total nitrogen content spectral measurement system and method |
| KR20210121016A (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2021-10-07 | 나노스트링 테크놀로지스, 인크. | Method, apparatus, system and device for mobile digital spatial profiling of pathological specimens |
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