CN103149180A - Detection device of soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Detection device of soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103149180A CN103149180A CN2013100389814A CN201310038981A CN103149180A CN 103149180 A CN103149180 A CN 103149180A CN 2013100389814 A CN2013100389814 A CN 2013100389814A CN 201310038981 A CN201310038981 A CN 201310038981A CN 103149180 A CN103149180 A CN 103149180A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection device of soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance and a detection method thereof. A soil detection probe is arranged at the bottom of the device. The device further comprises a sensing unit. The sensing unit is used for generating optical signals and constant currents, generating reflected light signals and voltage signals through soil, converting the reflected light signals to electrical signals, and sending the electrical signals and the voltage signals to a control processing unit. The control processing unit is used for controlling the device and processing the received electrical signals and the voltage signals to obtain soil spectral reflectivity and specific conductance, revision is carried out on the soil spectral reflectivity according to the soil specific conductance, and revised soil specific conductance is utilized to obtain soil nutrient parameter detection results. Through the adoption of the device and the method, soil nutrient parameter detection and the soil specific conductance are integrally compounded, the soil spectral reflectivity is revised, precision of the nutrient parameter detection is improved, anti-interference is strong, carrying is convenient, and thus efficient and accurate soil detection results are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Soil Testing, particularly a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector and detection method thereof.
Background technology
Soil nutrient parameter (being mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the content of organic matter) is important soil fertility index, and it has reflected the ability of soil supply plant growth.Nitrogen is mainly the individual growth that promotes plant roots, stem, leaf, is the primary nutrient that forms certain quality product, and its deficiency directly affects plant growing way, results product and quality thereof.
Near-infrared spectrum analysis mainly is divided into transmission spectral analysis and the analysis of spectrum that diffuses.Transmission spectral analysis uses near infrared short wavelength regions (0.8～1.2 μ m), is mainly used in liquid sample or the larger sample of transmitance are analyzed; The analysis of spectrum that diffuses uses near infrared Long wavelength region (1.4～2.5 μ m), is mainly used in powdered samples or solid sample are analyzed.The major advantage of near-infrared spectrum analysis is: analysis speed is fast, preparation of samples is simple, can carry out the analysis of various ingredients, do not consume sample, there is no chemical contamination etc. for single spectrum.The real-time detection of soil nitrogen worldwide remains a difficult point.
U.S. ASD(Analytical Spectral Devices in technology is arranged now) the FieldSpec FR Pro field spectroradiometer produced of company, the spectrometer wavelength scope is 0.35～2.5 μ m, wavelength accuracy is ± 1nm, this instrument can be used for Grain Growth Situation and detect and the spectral reflectance collection, but owing to belonging to passive light source detection, affected by environment larger, need continuous examination criteria plate reflectivity, the result that obtains is inaccurate comprehensively, need matching standard plate and computer if be used for the field Site Detection, needing 2-3 people to be used in conjunction with could work, thereby cause measuring process loaded down with trivial details, expend time in longer, real-time is poor, can not satisfy the requirement of completing measurement in enormous quantities in the modern precision agriculture requirement short time.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that (one) will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: how to provide a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector and detection method thereof soil nutrient parameter detecting and soil conductivity can be compound in one, realize the synchro measure of multiparameter, and can improve precision, anti-interference and the portability of soil nutrient parameter detecting, thereby obtain the soil testing result of efficiently and accurately.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, this bottom of device is the soil detection probe, this device also comprises:
Sensing unit for generation of light signal and constant electric current, produces reflected light signal and voltage signal through soil, and reflected light signal is converted to electric signal, and described electric signal and voltage signal are sent to processing unit processed
Controlled processing unit, be used for controlling described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, the described electric signal and the voltage signal that receive are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, the soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result.
Preferably, described sensing unit comprises:
Light source is for generation of light signal;
Optical fiber is connected with described soil detection probe, light source, controlled processing unit, is used for transmission incident and reflected light signal;
Photoelectric sensor is used for reflected light signal is converted to electric signal;
Constant-current supply is for generation of constant electric current;
The ring type probe is arranged in bottom of device soil detection probe, with insulation annulus alternative arrangement, is connected with controlled processing unit with described constant-current supply, is used for the voltage that probe current flows through soil.
Preferably, described ring type probe is the Fourth Ring probe, and wherein the ring type probe at two ends is the input end of constant-current supply, is connected with described constant-current supply, and two middle ring type probes are voltage signal output end, are connected with described controlled processing unit.
Preferably, described controlled processing unit comprises: device control units, amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor, display and USB flash disk memory module;
Described processor is used for the described electric signal and the voltage signal that receive are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, the soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result;
Described USB flash disk memory module is used for detecting data and is stored in USB flash disk.
Preferably, also be provided with optical filter on this device.
Preferably, described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector are " Y " shape, and " Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity is connected two tops and is connected with controlled processing unit with light source respectively with conductivity detector, and the bottom is the soil detection probe.
The present invention also provides a kind of soil detection method, and the method comprising the steps of:
S1 opens soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector by device control units, in the soil detection probe partial insertion soil with soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector;
The S2 light source produces in the soil of light signal in optical fiber incides the soil detection probe, and constant-current supply produces constant electric current, flows through the soil in the soil detection probe through wire, ring type probe;
Produce reflected light signal after soil in the described light signal incident of S3 soil detection probe, be electric signal by Optical Fiber Transmission to conversion of photoelectric sensor, described electric signal is sent to described controlled processing unit, the soil that described constant electric current flows through in the soil detection probe forms voltage signal, and described voltage signal is sent to described controlled processing unit;
The described controlled processing unit of S4 utilizes described electric signal and voltage signal to calculate spectral reflectivity and the conductivity content of soil by processor, utilize the conductivity of soil to obtain modified value, spectral reflectivity to soil is revised, and obtains the testing result of soil nutrient parameter by the spectral reflectivity of revised soil;
Display on the S5 controlled processing unit shows testing result, and the USB flash disk memory module is saved to USB flash disk with testing result.
Preferably, controlled processing unit described in step S4 utilizes amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit to carry out pre-service to described electric signal and voltage signal.
Preferably, described in step S4, the acquisition methods of the modified value of the spectral reflectivity of soil is:
S41 preparation standard soil sample, described standard soil sample are the soil after air-dry in surveyed area;
S42 utilizes the soil conductivity of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector measurement standard soil sample, is designated as σ
0
S43 utilizes optical filter to obtain n spectral reflectance values, and the optical filter number of employing is n, and one-shot measurement can record n spectral reflectance values R
1, R
2..., R
n, the value of soil conductivity is σ;
S44 revises according to formula (1) the spectral reflectivity of measuring
Wherein, R
iBe the soil spectrum reflectivity that detects, σ
0Be the conductivity value of standard soil sample, σ is the conductivity value of the soil of detection, R'
iModified value for the soil spectrum reflectivity.
(3) beneficial effect
Soil spectrum reflectivity of the present invention and conductivity detector and detection method thereof are compound in one soil light reflectivity and soil conductivity, the soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, improved the soil accuracy of detection, adopt active light source, strong interference immunity and being easy to carry, thus the soil testing result of efficiently and accurately obtained.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of embodiment of the present invention soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of embodiment of the present invention soil detection method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
A kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and the conductivity detector of the embodiment of the present invention, this bottom of device is the soil detection probe, this device comprises: sensing unit and controlled processing unit;
Sensing unit for generation of light signal and constant electric current, produces reflected light signal and voltage signal through soil, and reflected light signal is converted to electric signal, and described electric signal and voltage signal are sent to controlled processing unit
Described sensing unit comprises:
Light source is for generation of light signal;
Optical fiber is connected with described soil detection probe, light source, controlled processing unit, is used for transmission incident and reflected light signal;
Photoelectric sensor is used for reflected light signal is converted to electric signal;
Constant-current supply is for generation of constant electric current;
The ring type probe is arranged in bottom of device soil detection probe, with insulation annulus alternative arrangement, is connected with controlled processing unit with described constant-current supply, is used for the voltage that probe current flows through soil.
Preferably, described ring type probe is the Fourth Ring probe, and wherein the ring type probe at two ends is the input end of constant-current supply, is connected with described constant-current supply, and two middle ring type probes are voltage signal output end, are connected with described controlled processing unit.
Controlled processing unit, be used for controlling described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, the described electric signal and the voltage signal that receive are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, the soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result.
Described controlled processing unit comprises: device control units, amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor, display and USB flash disk memory module;
Described processor is used for the described electric signal and the voltage signal that receive are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, the soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result;
Described USB flash disk memory module is used for detecting data and is stored in USB flash disk.
Concrete, the soil spectrum reflectivity of the embodiment of the present invention and conductivity detector are " Y " shape as shown in Figure 1, are comprised of sensing unit 1 and controlled processing unit 2.Sensing unit comprises tungsten halogen lamp 4, light source driving circuit, shared Y type incident/mirror based fiber optica 5, photodetector, constant-current supply 6 and the 4 circle circular ring type probes 7 that visible light and near-infrared light source can be provided; Controlled processing unit is drawn together amplifying circuit 8, filtering circuit 9, A/D change-over circuit 10, MSP43C processor 11, stepping motor control circuit, liquid crystal display circuit and synchronous USB flash disk memory circuit.
Provide tungsten halogen lamp and the controlled processing unit of visible light and near-infrared light source to be separately positioned on two tops of " Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, can provide the tungsten halogen lamp of visible light and near-infrared light source to drive by light source driving circuit, " Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector inside are provided with and share Y type incident/mirror based fiber optica, share optical filter combination 12 is set between Y type incident/mirror based fiber optica and controlled processing unit, convenient repeatedly measurement to soil.
" Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector the bottom be that soil detection probe inside arranges 4 circle circular ring type probes, 4 circle circular ring type probes adopt metal ring and rubber ring alternative arrangement, form J, M, N, 4 sections probes of K form, wherein the JK end is as the alternating constant current source input end, MN end is as voltage signal output end, and 4 circle circular ring type probes are connected wire 13 and are connected with alternating constant current source with controlled processing unit, shown in alternating constant current source comprise signal generator and constant-current source circuit.
Controlled processing unit and photodetector with are connected circle circular ring type probe and are connected, controlled processing unit inside, photodetector, amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor connect successively; 4 circle circular ring type probes, RMS-DC converter circuit, amplifying circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor connect successively
Soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector are transferred to the light of light source in soil below the earth's surface by incident optical, wherein a part of light is absorbed by soil, another part light forms diffuse reflection at the soil surface of probe front, the light of reflection feeds back information by mirror based fiber optica, its reflection ray reaches photodetector, photodetector is converted into electric signal to light signal, can calculate the spectral reflectivity of soil according to the size of electric signal.The conductivity measurement part of sensor is supplied with the exchange current of a constant amplitude of JK end as driving source by an AC constant-current source, can measure voltage signal at the MN end, utilizes the voltage signal that measures just can calculate soil conductivity.
The voltage signal that electric signal after the photodetector conversion of sensing unit and the conductivity measurement of sensor are partly exported and gps signal are sent into the ARM9 processor and are amplified, filtering etc., by the correction of soil spectrum reflectivity, soil nitrogen forecast model and conductivity forecast model, calculate successively soil nitrogen value and soil conductivity value again.
The present invention also provides a kind of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detection method as shown in Figure 2, and the method comprising the steps of:
S1 opens soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector by device control units, in the soil detection probe partial insertion soil with soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector;
The S2 light source produces in the soil of light signal in optical fiber incides the soil detection probe, and constant-current supply produces constant electric current, flows through the soil in the soil detection probe through wire, ring type probe;
Produce reflected light signal after soil in the described light signal incident of S3 soil detection probe, be electric signal by Optical Fiber Transmission to conversion of photoelectric sensor, described electric signal is sent to described controlled processing unit, the soil that described constant electric current flows through in the soil detection probe forms voltage signal, and described voltage signal is sent to described controlled processing unit;
The described controlled processing unit of S4 utilizes described electric signal and voltage signal to calculate spectral reflectivity and the conductivity content of soil by processor, utilize the conductivity of soil to obtain modified value the spectral reflectivity of soil is revised, obtain the testing result of soil by the spectral reflectivity of revised soil;
Display on the S5 controlled processing unit shows testing result, and the USB flash disk memory module is saved to USB flash disk with testing result.
Preferably, controlled processing unit described in step S4 utilizes amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit to carry out pre-service to described electric signal and voltage signal.
Preferably, described in step S4, the acquisition methods of the modified value of the spectral reflectivity of soil is:
S41 preparation standard soil sample, described standard soil sample are the soil after air-dry in surveyed area;
S42 utilizes the soil conductivity of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector measurement standard soil sample, is designated as σ
0
S43 utilizes optical filter to obtain n spectral reflectance values, and the optical filter number of employing is n, and one-shot measurement can record n spectral reflectance values R
1, R
2..., R
n, soil conductivity be σ;
S44 revises according to formula (1) the spectral reflectivity of measuring
Wherein, R
iBe the soil spectrum reflectivity that detects, σ
0Be the conductivity value of standard soil sample, σ is the conductivity value of the soil of detection, R'
iModified value for the soil spectrum reflectivity.
In preferred step S41 according to the feature (such as black soil of Northeast China, North China moisture soil etc.) of the different geographical soil texture, the soil of collecting arable layer is air-dry rear as the demarcation standard soil sample, to demarcate with standard soil sample and be put in cylindrical shape insulating material (plastics, pottery etc.), drum diameter needs greater than 30cm, and soil thickness needs greater than 50cm.Demarcating is permanent use with standard soil sample, and once preparation can be used for a long time, does not need to change.
In detecting, adopt in soil the method for VC+MapX to form soil nutrient horizontal distribution figure, with single-point nutrient content and the combination of gps coordinate information, realize that the demonstration of single-point nutrient content, interpolation, the measuring and calculating of residential quarter area, residential quarter nutrient content isogram generate, for variable fertilization provides decision-making foundation.
Above embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, this bottom of device is the soil detection probe, it is characterized in that, this device also comprises:
Sensing unit for generation of light signal and constant electric current, produces reflected light signal and voltage signal through soil, and reflected light signal is converted to electric signal, and described electric signal and voltage signal are sent to controlled processing unit
Controlled processing unit, be used for controlling described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector, the described electric signal and the voltage signal that receive are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, the soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result.
2. soil spectrum reflectivity claimed in claim 1 and conductivity detector, is characterized in that, described sensing unit comprises:
Light source is for generation of light signal;
Optical fiber is connected with described soil detection probe, light source, controlled processing unit, is used for transmission incident and reflected light signal;
Photoelectric sensor is used for reflected light signal is converted to electric signal;
Constant-current supply is for generation of constant electric current;
The ring type probe is arranged in bottom of device soil detection probe, with insulation annulus alternative arrangement, is connected with controlled processing unit with described constant-current supply, is used for the voltage that probe current flows through soil.
3. soil spectrum reflectivity claimed in claim 2 and conductivity detector, it is characterized in that, described ring type probe is the Fourth Ring probe, wherein the ring type probe at two ends is the input end of constant-current supply, be connected with described constant-current supply, two middle ring type probes are voltage signal output end, are connected with described controlled processing unit.
4. soil spectrum reflectivity claimed in claim 2 and conductivity detector, is characterized in that, described controlled processing unit comprises: device control units, amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit, processor, display and USB flash disk memory module;
Described processor is used for the described electric signal and the voltage signal that receive are processed, obtain soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity, and according to soil conductivity, the soil spectrum reflectivity is revised, utilize revised soil spectrum reflectivity to obtain soil nutrient parameter detecting result;
Described USB flash disk memory module is used for detecting data and is stored in USB flash disk.
5. soil spectrum reflectivity claimed in claim 1 and conductivity detector, is characterized in that, also is provided with optical filter on this device.
6. soil spectrum reflectivity claimed in claim 1 and conductivity detector, it is characterized in that, described soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector are " Y " shape, " Y " shape soil spectrum reflectivity is connected two tops and is connected with controlled processing unit with light source respectively with conductivity detector, the bottom is the soil detection probe.
7. a soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detection method, is characterized in that, the method comprising the steps of:
S1 opens soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector by device control units, in the soil detection probe partial insertion soil with soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector;
The S2 light source produces in the soil of light signal in optical fiber incides the soil detection probe, and constant-current supply produces constant electric current, flows through the soil in the soil detection probe through wire, ring type probe;
Produce reflected light signal after soil in the described light signal incident of S3 soil detection probe, be electric signal by Optical Fiber Transmission to conversion of photoelectric sensor, described electric signal is sent to described controlled processing unit, the soil that described constant electric current flows through in the soil detection probe forms voltage signal, and described voltage signal is sent to described controlled processing unit;
The described controlled processing unit of S4 utilizes described electric signal and voltage signal to calculate spectral reflectivity and the conductivity content of soil by processor, utilize the conductivity of soil to obtain modified value the spectral reflectivity of soil is revised, obtain the testing result of soil by the spectral reflectivity of revised soil;
Display on the S5 controlled processing unit shows testing result, and the USB flash disk memory module is saved to USB flash disk with testing result.
8. soil spectrum reflectivity claimed in claim 7 and conductivity detection method, is characterized in that, controlled processing unit described in step S4 utilizes amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D change-over circuit to carry out pre-service to described electric signal and voltage signal.
9. soil spectrum reflectivity claimed in claim 7 and conductivity detection method, is characterized in that, the acquisition methods of the modified value of the spectral reflectivity of soil described in step S4 is:
S41 preparation standard soil sample, described standard soil sample are the soil after air-dry in surveyed area;
S42 utilizes the soil conductivity of soil spectrum reflectivity and conductivity detector measurement standard soil sample, is designated as σ
0
S43 utilizes optical filter to obtain n spectral reflectance values, and the optical filter number of employing is n, and one-shot measurement can record n spectral reflectance values R
1, R
2..., R
n, the value of soil conductivity is σ;
S44 revises according to formula (1) the spectral reflectivity of measuring
Wherein, R
iBe the soil spectrum reflectivity that detects, σ
0Be the conductivity value of standard soil sample, σ is the conductivity value of the soil of detection, R'
iModified value for the soil spectrum reflectivity.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105408736A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2016-03-16 | 领先创新公司 | Aquatic environment water parameter testing systems and methods |
| CN106248631A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of soil plough horizon nutrient dynamics based on spectral reflectivity test system and method |
| CN106814090A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-09 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | A kind of soil K element content measuring method and device |
| CN108088818A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-29 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of vehicular soil moisture content and total nitrogen content spectral measurement system and method |
| CN113631908A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-11-09 | 纳米线科技公司 | Method, apparatus, system and device for mobile digital spatial profiling of pathological specimens |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105408736A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2016-03-16 | 领先创新公司 | Aquatic environment water parameter testing systems and methods |
| CN106248631A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of soil plough horizon nutrient dynamics based on spectral reflectivity test system and method |
| CN106814090A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-09 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | A kind of soil K element content measuring method and device |
| CN108088818A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-29 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of vehicular soil moisture content and total nitrogen content spectral measurement system and method |
| CN113631908A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-11-09 | 纳米线科技公司 | Method, apparatus, system and device for mobile digital spatial profiling of pathological specimens |
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