CN202649111U - Plant foliage array LED infrared spectrum detector - Google Patents
Plant foliage array LED infrared spectrum detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN202649111U CN202649111U CN 201220218949 CN201220218949U CN202649111U CN 202649111 U CN202649111 U CN 202649111U CN 201220218949 CN201220218949 CN 201220218949 CN 201220218949 U CN201220218949 U CN 201220218949U CN 202649111 U CN202649111 U CN 202649111U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a plant foliage array LED infrared spectrum detector based on a single chip microcomputer. The plant foliage array LED infrared spectrum detector mainly comprises an array light emitting diode circuit, a photoelectric conversion circuit, a temperature and humidity sensing circuit, a single chip microcomputer processing circuit, a communication interface, a data processing circuit, an upper computer data processing program and the like. The plant foliage array LED infrared spectrum detector can be used for measuring and recording the relative content, the moisture content, the NDVI (normalized differential vegetation index) and the like of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, xanthophyll and carotene of plants under different climatic environmental conditions (mainly including temperature and humidity) in real time, and can also be used for monitoring plant growth situations, the vegetation index and the influence of temperature, humidity and moisture on plant growth under various climatic conditions such as a temperate zone, cold zone and tropic in real time.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to biological species detecting instrument field, specially refers to a kind of simple quickly and accurately plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector of the character of plant's growth, vegetation index.
Background technology
As the forestry researcher, often need to carry out to the field scientific investigation, understand the information such as local geography, weather, vegetation growth state, vegetation index, and these data to obtain the work on forestry personnel be exactly a difficult problem all the time, because under the lowered in field environment, various measuring equipments carry inconvenience, and some special testing apparatuss are just arranged at last, but function singleness must be with various measuring equipments so that go out to investigate; Intelligent level is low, and the data that record rely on the artificial hand segment record, is not easy to the analyzing and processing of follow-up data, does not also meet the requirement of Forestry Information.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector for chlorophyll relative content, normalized differential vegetation index and leaf water Quick Measurement under the Different climate environment, by chlorophyll content, normalized differential vegetation index, moisture and temperature and humidity measurement being combined in the instrument in the same device, overcome the deficiency in the conventional art, thereby realized the purpose of this utility model.
The technical matters that the utility model solves can realize by the following technical solutions:
Plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector, it comprises:
Power module, power module comprise lithium battery, the charging module that is connected with lithium battery and the voltage booster circuit for battery that is connected with the lithium battery output terminal;
Constant-current source circuit, two ends connect respectively the output terminal of power module and the input end of photodiode illuminating circuit, and being used for provides stable electric current to the photodiode illuminating circuit;
The photodiode illuminating circuit is for the light that sends several wavelength;
Blade clamping and measuring mechanism comprise vane clamping mechanism and probe, and described vane clamping mechanism is used for the fixing and measurement of blade over against the luminous place of photodiode illuminating circuit;
Single chip machine controlling circuit, be provided with some ports, be connected with respectively the sensor circuit for detection of humiture, be used for the liquid crystal display circuit that data show, the data storage circuitry that is used for the data storage, the Time of Day circuit of interocclusal record when being used for for detection of the undervoltage warning circuit of power module voltage, is used for the computing machine of data transmission, processing and download;
Photoelectric switching circuit is connected with single chip machine controlling circuit, is converted to circuit signal for the light that will pass blade, and sends to single chip machine controlling circuit.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the light wavelength that described photodiode illuminating circuit sends comprises 450nm, 490nm, 650nm, 680nm, 940nm and 1450nm.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, be provided with the y-type optical fiber for reflected light path and measurement moisture in described blade clamping and the measurement structure.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, described computer installation has the RS232 communication interface.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the character of plant's growth checkout equipment that strong, multi-functional, the intelligent degree of a kind of flying power is high, cost is low, volume is little, easy to use is provided, very important realistic meaning is arranged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of described plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the utility model is realized, reach purpose and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector described in the utility model, it mainly comprises:
Power module, described power module comprise lithium battery 16, the charging module 17 that is connected with lithium battery and the voltage booster circuit for battery 14 that is connected with the lithium battery output terminal;
Wherein, voltage booster circuit for battery is chosen the TPS61030 chip of TI company, is a high efficiency synchronous boost conversion chip, and conversion efficiency is up to 96%, input voltage 1.8～5.5V, and exportable voltage option is by 5.5V; Lithium battery adopts plastic-aluminum flexible packing, and safe and reliable, thickness is little, and is lightweight, capacity large (adopting 1200mAh), but repeated charge needn't need be changed battery as dry cell; Charging module adopts the BQ24032 chip, the BQ24032 chip is the lithium battery power source special management integrated chip that TI company releases, what be applicable to 1 group of lithium battery charges normal control, rapid charge control etc., its principal feature is to control reliably charging termination, provides high efficiency power supply to system when guaranteeing charging safety, the charged state indication of lithium battery and charging;
Constant-current source circuit 1: the light-emitting diode pipe driving chip BCR402R that adopts Infineon company, it can provide stable electric current for LED, the LED drive current can regulate by an outside adjustable resistance (20 ~ 60mA), make photodiode illuminating circuit 2 send the constant light of light intensity and be used for measuring;
Photodiode illuminating circuit 2, light emitting diode wavelength are respectively 450nm (measurement carrotene), 490nm (measurement xenthophylls), 650nm(measure chlorophyll a), 680nm (measurement chlorophyll b), 940nm, 1450nm (measurement moisture);
Optical filter 18: adopt spike interference filter, wherein the centre wavelength of ruddiness optical filter is 670nm, and the centre wavelength of near infrared filter is 780nm;
Blade clamping and measurement structure 3: adopt aluminium alloy to make, light solid.When measuring chlorophyll content blade is put into the leaf folder; When measuring moisture, detector probe front end is pressed close to blade; When measuring the NDVI value, need allow the detection instrument bottom parallel with vegetation, the top alignment sunshine;
Photoelectric switching circuit 4: use the U.S. special chip OPT301 of Burr-Brown company device, it is the integrated optoelectronic device of a kind of light harvesting electric diode and current/voltage-converted amplifier and one.Current/voltage-converted amplifier wherein is comprised of metal thin film resistor in the FET input operational amplifier of precision and the sheet;
Single chip machine controlling circuit 8: adopt 8 single-chip microcomputers of AVR, ATmega128 is a single-chip microcomputer of the highest configuration of 8 series monolithics of atmel corp, uses extremely extensive.The embedded high-quality Flash program storage of AVR single-chip microcomputer, erasable convenience is supported ISP and IAP, is convenient to debugging, exploitation, production, the renewal of product.But embedded long-life EEPROM long preservation critical data avoids outage to lose.Jumbo RAM can not only satisfy the use of general occasion in the sheet, and also higher level lanquage development system program is used in more effective support simultaneously, and can expand external RAM as the MCS-51 single-chip microcomputer.AVR Studio is the integration environment assembly level exploitation debugging software of the AVR single-chip microcomputer of ATMEL, and is fully free.ATMEL AVR Studio Integrated Development Environment (IDE) has comprised the functions such as AVR Assembler compiler, AVR Studio debug function, download function and JTAG ICE emulation;
Undervoltage warning circuit 10: what instrument used is poly-lithium battery, but relatively power consumption of a lot of modules in the instrument, such as the liquid crystal of 4 row.Add this module, when cell voltage descended, reminding user more needed battery is charged.Adopted and comprised hummer sounding and two kinds of approach of LCD12864 display alarm;
Data storage circuitry 9: adopt AT series storage chip.The data storage capacity of considering single-chip microcomputer is less, so external storage chip 24LC64.This chip adopts the Low-Power CMOS technology to reduce power consumption.This chip has 2 line serial interface bus, compatible I2C bus.The erasable number of times of this chip can reach 1,000,000 time, and data preserve to surpass 200 years, and electrostatic protection voltage is greater than 4000V, and working temperature-40 is ℃ to 85 ℃.
Control button 12: realize data acquisition, deletion, demonstration, calculating, storage and logarithm are controlled according to the show, can see the result by the LCD module;
Liquid crystal display circuit 11: adopt JGD12864R Chinese character image dot matrix lcd module, its screen is comprised of 64 (OK) * 128 (row) dot matrix, can show 4 row *, 8 row (32) Chinese character or the 128*64 full screen dot patterns of 16 dot matrix.Built-in 8192 Chinese characters (16X16 dot matrix), 128 characters (8X16 dot matrix) and 64X256 dot matrix display random access memory (GDRAM);
The Time of Day circuit: for record Time of Day at that time in the record measured value, convenient is to use date joining day module to data analysis later on.Clock chip adopts is a technical grade that PHILIPS company the releases multifunction timepiece with extremely low power dissipation that includes I2C bus interface function/calendar chip PCF8563.The multiple warning function of PCF8563, timer function, clock output function and interrupt output function can be finished the timing services of various complexity, even can be single-chip microcomputer watchdog function is provided.Internal clock circuit, internal oscillator circuit, inner low-voltage detection circuit (1.0V) and two-wire system I2C bus communication mode not only make peripheral circuit and succinct, and have increased the reliability of chip.PCF8563 be the high clock chip of a cost performance it be widely used in the product scopes such as ammeter, water meter, gas meter, phone, facsimile recorder, portable instrument and battery powered instrument and meter.Date joining day module can be recorded easily and measure the Time of Day that carries out, and increases the practicality of instrument, and is very convenient in the actual use procedure;
Temperature Humidity Sensor circuit 6: the humiture integrated chip SHT of Switzerland Scnsirion company * * series: it is integrated into the functions such as temperature sensing, humidity, signal conversion, A/D conversion and well heater on the chip; Two wires digital serial interface SCK and DATA are provided, and interface is simple, supports the CRC transfer check, and transmission reliability is high; Behind measurement and the sign off, automatically change low-power consumption mode over to; Measuring accuracy is high, and moisture measurement value and the high-quality calculation function of temperature compensation can be provided;
Computing machine and RS232 communication interface and download circuit 13: what this module mainly realized is that the data that will record out of doors are sent to computing machine, and by the LabVIEW host computer procedure to the storage data analysis and draw corresponding curve.
The present invention adopts semiconductor luminotron as photo-emission source, photoelectric sensor is as light receiving element, the analyzing and processing light intensity signal, obtain and with given comparing, utilize comparative result to finish the measurement of the chlorophyll relative content of analyzed leaf sample, moisture and normalized differential vegetation index NDVI value, the temperature and humidity measurement of environment is to utilize humiture integrated transducer collecting temperature and humidity, and directly processes the value that reads humiture by single-chip microcomputer, and systematic survey quick and precisely.
The below is described further device.
Hardware is mainly by nine large module compositions: nucleus module mainly comprises the Atmega128 chip, resets, download interface etc.; Photoelectric conversion module uses chip to be OPT301 type device; Illuminating circuit module: use chip BCR402R to provide stable electric current as constant current source as the semiconductor light emitting secondary is dried; Power module is that poly-lithium battery and lithium cell charging managing chip BQ24032 form; Data memory module uses chip to be AT24C64, and size is 64KB; The humiture display module uses the SHT11 sensor chip; The clock display module is used chip PCF8563; LCD MODULE uses chip to be JGD12864R chip and undervoltage warning circuit.
Adopt the photoelectricity lossless detection method to measure the fast method of chlorophyll content in leaf blades: the chlorophyll absorption peak is blue light and ruddiness zone, is to absorb low ebb in the green glow zone, and does not almost absorb near infrared region.Based on this, select ruddiness zone and near-infrared region domain measurement chlorophyll.Detailed process is to allow by light emitting diode red-emitting (the about 640nm of peak wavelength and 650nm) and near infrared light (peak value is greatly about 940nm).The chlorophyll a absorbing wavelength is the ruddiness of 640nm, the chlorophyll b absorbing wavelength is the ruddiness of 660nm, but absorbing wavelength is not the infrared light of 940nm, and transmitting and receiving of the infrared light of 940nm wavelength mainly is in order to eliminate the aspects such as vane thickness to the impact of measurement result.After ruddiness arrives blade, a part is absorbed by the chlorophyll of blade, the remaining received device of blade that sees through is converted into corresponding electric signal, amplification through amplifier, then the A/D translation function by single-chip microcomputer is converted to digital signal, microprocessor utilizes these digital signals to calculate chlorophyllous relative content, is expressed as chlorophyll relative content unit, shows and autostore.The step of calculating the chlorophyll relative content value is as follows:
Under the standard state (without tested sample), two light sources are luminous successively, and are converted to electric signal, calculate the emission beam intensity ratio.
Insert after the leaf samples, two light sources are again luminous, and the transmitted light of blade is converted to electric signal, calculate transmitted intensity ratio.
Use the result of calculation of above two steps to use following formula to calculate chlorophyll a/b relative content value
Wherein, K is constant; IRt is the infrared intensity of illumination of 940nm that receives; IR0 is the infrared intensity of illumination of emission; Rt is that the 640nm/660nm ruddiness that receives shines intensity; R0 is that red-emitting is according to intensity.
Xenthophylls is similar to chlorophyll with the carrotene measuring method, and a need change characteristic absorption wavelength is that the wavelength of emitting diode gets final product, and the characteristic absorption wavelength of its Lutein is 490nm, and the characteristic absorption wavelength of carrotene is 450nm.
Adopt reflectivity method to measure leaf water content: moisture has a reflection paddy at 1450nm place, and when leaf water increased, it is darker that the minimizing of incident reflection of light, the reflection on reflectance spectrum are exactly that trough will become.And when leaf water descended, moisture absorption reduced, and the incident reflection of light increases, and the reflection on reflectance spectrum is exactly that trough will shoal.The depth of 1450nm place reflectance spectrum is corresponding to the variation of leaf water, and the regression model of setting up 1450nm place spectral reflectivity just can detect leaf water content.Use Y type light-conductive optic fibre in the detection of reflected light time, comprised an incident light port, reflected light detection port and hold concurrently irradiation and a collection reflected light port.The incident end links to each other with light source (peak value is the nearly ruddiness of 1450nm), and the reflected light measurement end links to each other with electrooptical device, and changing reflected light also by electrooptical device, output electrical signals obtains final measurement result to single-chip microcomputer by processing.The step of calculating leaf water content is as follows:
Blank is aimed at the moisture measurement probe, presses the moisture measurement button, gathers reference spectrum.
The moisture measurement probe is shifted to measured target, press the moisture measurement button, disabled reflectance spectrum.
Use the measurement in above two steps can record spectral absorption depth value h, can calculate
Water cut (%)=K * h+C (formula 2)
Wherein K and C are constant, can draw by the method that the mathematical statistics neutral line returns.
Measure the method for normalized differential vegetation index NDVI value: utilize daylight as light source, by 4 photoelectric commutators by prefilter, at near infrared and two characteristic wave bands of ruddiness, respectively sun incident light and vegetation reflected light are measured, record sun incident light and vegetation reflected light in the radiation intensity of two wave bands, processed by single-chip microcomputer again, obtain the NDVI value.If it is Esr that instrument records the incident optical signal of ruddiness characteristic wave bands, the vegetation reflected light signal of corresponding wave band is Err; The incident optical signal of near infrared characteristic wave bands is Esn, and the vegetation reflected light signal of corresponding wave band is Ern, then has:
In the formula: kr and kn are proportionality constant, are determined by the optical system of instrument, the characterisitic parameter of photoelectric commutator.Rr and Rn have been arranged, just can calculate the NDVI value:
NDVI＝(R
n-R
r)/(R
n+R
r)
Compare with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The LED source circuit has adopted constant current source as power supply, has guaranteed the constant of light source intensity, thereby so that the measurement of follow-up chlorophyll relative content is accurate;
Moisture measurement has adopted light-conductive optic fibre, and the optical fiber power loss is little, decay is few, has guaranteed the accuracy of measuring.
NDVI measures with field spectroradiometer commonly used and compares, and device structure is simple, and weight is little, and cost is low, and is simple to operate, has more practicality.
Collection chlorophyll, moisture, NDVI, temperature and humidity measurement and one, novel practical is easy to carry.
LabVIEW host computer data processor can be drawn the curve of measuring number, and assisting users is analyzed data, simplifies labor workload, and intelligent degree is high.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present utility model and principal character and advantage of the present utility model.The technician of the industry should understand; the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the instructions just illustrates principle of the present utility model; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model spirit and scope; the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed the utility model scope.The claimed scope of the utility model is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector is characterized in that it comprises:
Power module, power module comprise lithium battery, the charging module that is connected with lithium battery and the voltage booster circuit for battery that is connected with the lithium battery output terminal;
Constant-current source circuit, two ends connect respectively the output terminal of power module and the input end of photodiode illuminating circuit, and being used for provides stable electric current to the photodiode illuminating circuit;
The photodiode illuminating circuit is for the light that sends several wavelength;
Blade clamping and measuring mechanism comprise vane clamping mechanism and probe, and described vane clamping mechanism is used for the fixing and measurement of blade over against the luminous place of photodiode illuminating circuit;
Single chip machine controlling circuit, be provided with some ports, be connected with respectively the sensor circuit for detection of humiture, be used for the liquid crystal display circuit that data show, the data storage circuitry that is used for the data storage, the Time of Day circuit of interocclusal record when being used for for detection of the undervoltage warning circuit of power module voltage, is used for the computing machine of data transmission, processing and download;
Photoelectric switching circuit is connected with single chip machine controlling circuit, is converted to circuit signal for the light that will pass blade, and sends to single chip machine controlling circuit.
2. plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that the light wavelength that described photodiode illuminating circuit sends comprises 450nm, 490nm, 650nm, 680nm, 940nm and 1450nm.
3. plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with the y-type optical fiber for reflected light path and measurement moisture in described blade clamping and the measurement structure.
4. plant leaf blade array LED infrared spectrum detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that described computer installation has the RS232 communication interface.
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| CN 201220218949 CN202649111U (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Plant foliage array LED infrared spectrum detector |
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| CN103630546A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Rotary infrared light emitting diode (LED) array light source detection system |
| CN103776838A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-05-07 | 江苏大学 | Static type cross-flow fan starved feeding fault online diagnostic device |
| CN104931438A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-23 | 苏州德锐朗智能科技有限公司 | Photoelectric sensor-based chlorophyll content detection method |
| CN104931425A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-23 | 苏州德锐朗智能科技有限公司 | Chlorophyll content detection and control method with temperature and humidity compensation function |
| CN107389613A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-24 | 广西大学 | LED light-pulse generator formula index number of canopy vegetation of crops measurement systems |
| CN108693135A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of plant leaf blade moisture content detecting system |
| CN108693145A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of plant leaf blade moisture content detecting method |
| CN109932335A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 北京化工大学 | It is a kind of for the method for natural rubber assay in plant and measurement use LED near infrared spectrometer |
| WO2021035857A1 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-04 | 江苏大学 | System and method for rapid measurement of chlorophyll-lutein ratio distribution in cucumber leaf |
| GB2591577A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-08-04 | Univ Jiangsu | System and method for rapid measurement of chlorophyll-lutein ratio distribution in cucumber leaf |
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- 2012-05-15 CN CN 201220218949 patent/CN202649111U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN103630546A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Rotary infrared light emitting diode (LED) array light source detection system |
| CN103776838A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-05-07 | 江苏大学 | Static type cross-flow fan starved feeding fault online diagnostic device |
| CN103630546B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏大学 | Rotary-type infrared LED array light source detection system |
| CN103776838B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏大学 | Silent oscillation through-flow fan blade lacks material fault on-line diagnostic device |
| EP3971672A1 (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2022-03-23 | Husqvarna AB | Multi-sensor, autonomous robotic vehicle with mapping capability |
| CN104931438A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-23 | 苏州德锐朗智能科技有限公司 | Photoelectric sensor-based chlorophyll content detection method |
| CN104931425A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-23 | 苏州德锐朗智能科技有限公司 | Chlorophyll content detection and control method with temperature and humidity compensation function |
| CN108693145A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of plant leaf blade moisture content detecting method |
| CN108693135A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-23 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of plant leaf blade moisture content detecting system |
| CN108693145B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2020-02-07 | 中国农业大学 | Plant leaf water content detection method |
| CN107389613A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-24 | 广西大学 | LED light-pulse generator formula index number of canopy vegetation of crops measurement systems |
| CN109932335A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 北京化工大学 | It is a kind of for the method for natural rubber assay in plant and measurement use LED near infrared spectrometer |
| WO2021035857A1 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-04 | 江苏大学 | System and method for rapid measurement of chlorophyll-lutein ratio distribution in cucumber leaf |
| GB2591577A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-08-04 | Univ Jiangsu | System and method for rapid measurement of chlorophyll-lutein ratio distribution in cucumber leaf |
| GB2591577B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-12-29 | Univ Jiangsu | System and method for rapid detection of chlorophyll-to-lutein ratio distribution in cucumber leaf |
| CN115266661A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-11-01 | 中国农业大学 | Plant leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter detection device and method |
| CN115078291A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-09-20 | 常州海马科技有限公司 | Water telemetering sensor based on spectral absorption and method for telemetering water content |
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