CN204860201U - Ecological buffering area in river bank - Google Patents
Ecological buffering area in river bank Download PDFInfo
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- CN204860201U CN204860201U CN201520563001.7U CN201520563001U CN204860201U CN 204860201 U CN204860201 U CN 204860201U CN 201520563001 U CN201520563001 U CN 201520563001U CN 204860201 U CN204860201 U CN 204860201U
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- straw cord
- river
- riverbank
- buffer strip
- ecological
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an ecological buffering area in river bank, ecological buffering area in river bank includes that the reed straw cord, the qiao that from the close -by examples to those far off distribute apart from the river irritate the straw cord, irritate the straw cord, lawn belt and planting aquatic plant's catch water drain. Ecological buffering area in river bank is located apart from the river highest water level line river bank land area within 13-50 meters of extending, ecological buffering area in river bank includes that the reed straw cord, the qiao that from the close -by examples to those far off distribute apart from the river irritate the straw cord, irritate the straw cord, lawn belt and catch water drain. Ecological buffering area in river bank can hold back the sewage that gets into the river course before flowing into the river, pollution control, and sewage is strengthening the resistance through the buffering when taking, has increased sewage and has cushioned the time of area with plant roots, the effect of soil microorganism community to the increase has alleviateed soil erosion and water loss and has flowed in the load of pollution of river thing, and practiced thrift land resource the effect of getting rid of of pollutant, beautifies the environment.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to field of environmental improvement, is specifically related to the ecological buffer strip in a kind of riverbank.
Background technology
In China, the river course in a lot of area is the river course of hand excavation, and form beach around, the sewage containing a large amount of pollutant enters river course, destroys river ecosystem.And the salinization of soil degree in this kind of area is high, shore protection measure causes riverbank soil to occur a large amount of hardenings, seldom have green plants can adapt to this severe habitat conditions, so that the vegetation type that the riverbank built at present is administered is relatively dull, ecoscape and purification of water quality indifferent.
In prior art, the improvement of river and bank adopts herbaceous plant more, and mostly is in water body and repairs; But because the pollutant in river is with flow, contaminated area is large, water plants adsorption fouling thing limited in one's ability in water, undesirable to the removal effect of pollutant.
At present, need badly and provide a kind of and remove the ecological buffer strip in the effective riverbank of pollutant.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the defect overcoming prior art, provides the ecological buffer strip in the little riverbank of impact that a kind of cost of investment is low, can increase riverbank species diversity, produce original river ecosystem.
The utility model provides the ecological buffer strip in a kind of riverbank.
The ecological buffer strip in described riverbank is positioned at the land area, riverbank within distance river maximum water level extension 13 ~ 50 meters.If the width in region is less than this value, then cannot realize the effect of the removal water pollution of the utility model expection.And the ecological buffer strip in this riverbank is also unsuitable wide, to avoid increasing the waste building difficulty, cause resource.
The ecological buffer strip in described riverbank comprises the reed straw cord from the close-by examples to those far off distributed apart from river, tall filling straw cord, filling straw cord, lawn belt and collecting ditch; The described ditch depth 0.5 ~ 1.5m that catchments.
Described reed straw cord, tall filling straw cord, filling straw cord, lawn belt are the ribbon parallel with river with collecting ditch; The coincident of each adjacent area.One lateral edges of described reed straw cord overlaps with river maximum water level.
In the ecological buffer strip in described riverbank, the plant difference to some extent of each ecological region planting.Plantation giantreed (Arundodonax) and herbaceous plant in described reed straw cord; Described Qiao fills with plantation arbor, shrub and herbaceous plant in straw cord; Plantation shrub and herbaceous plant in described filling straw cord; Only herbaceous plant is planted in lawn belt between filling straw cord and collecting ditch; Can planting aquatic plants in described collecting ditch.
Concrete, described herbaceous plant is selected from prairie milk vetch (AstragalusadsurgensPall.), spends clover (Trifoliumrepens) in vain, green foxtail (Setariaviridis (L.) Beauv.), Festuca Arundinacea (Festucaarundinace), several in perennial ryegrass (Lolium), be preferably above five kinds.
Described arbor is selected from locust tree (RobiniapseudoacaciaLinn.), ligustrum lucidum ait (LigustrumcompactumAit), China tree (MeliaazedarachLinn.), Virginia oak (Quercusvirginiana), dry land willow (SalixmatsudanaKoidz.), Chinese tallow tree (Sapiumsebiferum (L.) Roxb.), tree-of-heaven (Ailanthusaltissima (Mill.) Swingle), Mount Huang Luan Shu (Koelreuteriaintegrifoliola), ginkgo (GinkgobilobaL.), one or more in winterberry euonymus herb (EuonymusmaackiiRupr.), be preferably above ten kinds of arbor equivalent to be uniformly distributed.
Described shrub is selected from one or more in paper mulberry (Broussonetiapapyrifera), ilexrotunda (IlexrotundaThunb.), clerodendrum bungei (ClerodendrumbungeiSterd.), shore Eurya plant (Euryaemarginata (Thunb.) Makino), leaflet mosquito mother (Distyliumbuxifolium), Ternstroemia gymnanthera (Ternstroemiagymnantherasprague), is preferably above six kinds of shrub equivalent and is uniformly distributed.
Described water plants is selected from Scirpus tabernaemontani (Scirpusvalidus), calamus (Acoruscalamus), cattail (Typhaorientalis), aquatic iris (WaterIris), lotus (Nelumbonucifera), water lily (Nymphaeatetragona), Eichhornia crassipes (Eichhorniacrassipes), black algae (Hydrillaverticillata), hornwort (Ceratophyllumdemersum), one or more in eel grass (Vallisnerianatans).
The area ratio of the utility model to each region is optimized, to realize the reasonable layout between variety classes plant.Concrete, described reed straw cord, tallly fill with straw cord, fill with straw cord, the area ratio of lawn belt and collecting ditch is 0.5 ~ 3:5 ~ 25:3 ~ 16:2 ~ 5:1.5 ~ 2.5; Be preferably 0.5 ~ 1.5:10 ~ 15:8 ~ 12:2 ~ 5:1.5 ~ 2.5; More preferably 1:12:10:3:2.Area described in the utility model is the area of each region at ground matrix section.
Described Qiao fills with in straw cord, according to specific Density Distribution between variety classes plant.Arbor is evenly arranged with the interval of 2m × 2m, namely line space be 2m, row in spacing in the rows be 2m; Shrub is evenly arranged with the interval of 1.5m × 1.5m, namely line space be 1.5m, row in spacing in the rows be 1.5m.Preferably, every strain arbor is equal with the distance between adjacent shrub.
In described filling straw cord, shrub is preferably evenly arranged with the interval of 1.5m × 1.5m.
In actual applications, a kind of herbaceous plant is planted in distance river from the close-by examples to those far off every 1 ~ 2 meter of region, and herbaceous plant kind is different in adjacent described 1 ~ 2 meter of region, to described reed straw cord, tallly fills with straw cord and fill with the remaining space of straw cord and lawn belt is covered by herbaceous plant.The distribution mode that herbaceous plant adopts above-mentioned interval to replace, not only can increment species diversity, and is conducive to giving full play to synergy between herbaceous plant and other plant, realizes shore protection, filter effect.
Described collecting ditch is collected the water containing pollutant, makes it can enter river after riparian buffer strips.Water containing pollutant resistance when passing through riparian buffer strips increases, and speed slows down, and guarantees that riverbank ecology buffering was removed pollutant wherein by root system of plant, microorganism etc. with the sufficient time.Described collecting ditch is preferably ditch bottom width 0.5 ~ 1.5m, ditch top width 1.5 ~ 2.5m.
Because lawn belt is adjacent with collecting ditch, can move to direction, river under siphonage in order to ensure the water in collecting ditch, make soil fixing in lawn belt simultaneously, in the soil immediately below described lawn belt, fill sandstone, form sand stone layer.Described sand stone layer and lawn belt wide, sandstone is wherein with bulk density 1600 ~ 1700kg/m
3be uniformly distributed.The upper surface distance earth's surface 0 ~ 0.2m of described sand stone layer, is preferably 0.1 ~ 0.2m.Can not sandstone be filled in this segment distance between described sand stone layer and soil surface, be only riverbank soil, for herbal normal growth.The lower surface of described sand stone layer preferably with the bottom of described collecting ditch in same level.
In order to promote that the water in collecting ditch moves to river further, and strengthen soil fixing, described filling straw cord and tall filling immediately below straw cord also can be filled.
Metalling is can be immediately below described filling straw cord; Described metalling is wide with filling straw cord, and rubble is wherein with bulk density 1500 ~ 1700kg/m
3be uniformly distributed.The lower surface of described metalling is not higher than place horizontal plane bottom described collecting ditch.
Described Qiao fills with immediately below straw cord and can be boulder bed; Described boulder bed is wide with tall straw cord of filling with, and cobble is wherein with bulk density 1400 ~ 1700kg/m
3be uniformly distributed.The lower surface of described boulder bed is not higher than place horizontal plane bottom described collecting ditch.
For the ease of rainwash, and guarantee that soil moisture content is in rational scope, be beneficial to the growth of the different groups plant of specific distribution in the ecological buffer strip in riverbank, the ecological buffer strip surface slope in described riverbank is preferably horizontal by 5 ~ 10 degree of angles.
The structure cost of investment of the riparian buffer strips that the utility model provides is low, method simple, workable, and maintenance operation is simple, and the impact produced original river ecosystem is little.Described riparian buffer strips not only adds species diversity, increases surface ground coverage, but also changes microclimate, reduces the load that water and soil loss brings to river pollution; Not only can crack a dual difficult problem for saline land and riparian buffer strips restoration of the ecosystem, and all there is important function to retaining pollution of area source, improving bio-diversity and building waterfront landscape.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the ecological buffer strip in riverbank described in embodiment 1; Wherein, 1, river, 2, reed straw cord, 3, tallly fill with straw cord, 4, fill with straw cord, 5, lawn belt, 6 collecting ditchs; A, giantreed, b, arbor, c, shrub, d, herbaceous plant, e, water plants.
Fig. 2 is the vertical section figure of the ecological buffer strip in riverbank described in embodiment 1; Wherein, 1, river, 2, reed straw cord, 3, tallly fill with straw cord, 4, fill with straw cord, 5, lawn belt, 6, collecting ditch, 7, sand stone layer.
Fig. 3 is the vertical section figure of the ecological buffer strip in riverbank described in embodiment 3; Wherein, 1, river, 2, reed straw cord, 3, tallly fill with straw cord, 4, fill with straw cord, 5, lawn belt, 6, collecting ditch, 7, sand stone layer, 8, metalling, 9, boulder bed.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the utility model, but are not used for limiting scope of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1
The ecological buffer strip in riverbank as depicted in figs. 1 and 2; The ecological buffer strip in described riverbank comprises the reed straw cord from the close-by examples to those far off distributed apart from river, tall filling straw cord, filling straw cord, lawn belt and collecting ditch;
Described reed straw cord, tall filling straw cord, filling straw cord, lawn belt are the ribbon parallel with river with collecting ditch; The coincident of each adjacent area;
Described reed grass bandwidth 1 meter, one lateral edges overlaps with river maximum water level;
It is wide 12 meters that described Qiao fills with straw cord; In this region, arbor is evenly arranged with the interval of 2m × 2m, and shrub is evenly arranged with the interval of 1.5m × 1.5m, and every strain arbor is equal with the distance between adjacent shrub;
Described filling straw cord is wide 10 meters; In this region, shrub is evenly arranged with the interval of 1.5m × 1.5m;
Described meadow bandwidth 3 meters; Be the sand stone layer wide with described lawn belt immediately below it; The upper surface distance earth's surface 0.2m of described metalling, the bottom of lower surface and described collecting ditch is in same level; In described sand stone layer, sandstone is with bulk density 1600 ~ 1700kg/m
3be uniformly distributed;
Described the ditch depth 1m that catchments, ditch bottom width 1m, ditch top width 2m.
Embodiment 2
Compared with embodiment 1, difference is only, the ecological buffer strip in described riverbank also comprises the metalling being positioned at and filling with immediately below straw cord; Described metalling is wide with filling straw cord, and rubble is wherein with bulk density 1500 ~ 1600kg/m
3be uniformly distributed; The upper surface distance earth's surface 0.2m of described metalling, lower surface distance earth's surface 1.5m.
Embodiment 3
The vertical section figure of the ecological buffer strip in riverbank as shown in Figure 3; Compared with embodiment 2, difference is only, the ecological buffer strip in described riverbank also comprises the boulder bed be positioned at immediately below tall filling straw cord; Described boulder bed is wide with tall straw cord of filling with, and cobble is wherein with bulk density 1400 ~ 1500kg/m
3be uniformly distributed; The upper surface distance earth's surface 0.2m of described metalling, lower surface distance earth's surface 1.5m.
Embodiment 4
Compared with embodiment 3, difference is only, the ground line gradient of the ecological buffer strip in riverbank is 7 ~ 8 degree.
Although above with general explanation, embodiment and test, done detailed description to the utility model, on the utility model basis, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements on the basis of not departing from the utility model spirit, all belong to the scope that the utility model is claimed.
Claims (10)
1. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank, is characterized in that, the ecological buffer strip in described riverbank is positioned at the land area, riverbank within distance river maximum water level extension 13 ~ 50 meters;
The ecological buffer strip in described riverbank comprises the reed straw cord from the close-by examples to those far off distributed apart from river, tall filling straw cord, filling straw cord, lawn belt and collecting ditch; The described ditch depth 0.5 ~ 1.5m that catchments.
2. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described reed straw cord, tall filling straw cord, filling straw cord, lawn belt are the ribbon parallel with river with collecting ditch, and the coincident of each adjacent area;
One lateral edges of described reed straw cord overlaps with river maximum water level.
3. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described reed straw cord, tallly fill with straw cord, fill with straw cord, the area ratio of lawn belt and collecting ditch is 0.5 ~ 3:5 ~ 25:3 ~ 16:2 ~ 5:1.5 ~ 2.5.
4. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the ditch bottom width 0.5 ~ 1.5m of described collecting ditch, ditch top width 1.5 ~ 2.5m.
5. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Qiao fills with in straw cord, and arbor is evenly arranged with the interval of 2m × 2m, and shrub is evenly arranged with the interval of 1.5m × 1.5m, and every strain arbor is equal with the distance between adjacent shrub.
6. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, in described filling straw cord, shrub is evenly arranged with the interval of 1.5m × 1.5m.
7. the ecological buffer strip in the riverbank according to claim 1 ~ 6 any one, it is characterized in that, be sand stone layer immediately below described lawn belt; Described sand stone layer and lawn belt wide, sandstone is wherein with bulk density 1600 ~ 1700kg/m
3be uniformly distributed.
8. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the upper surface distance soil surface 0 ~ 0.2m of described sand stone layer, the bottom of lower surface and described collecting ditch is in same level.
9. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, be metalling immediately below described filling straw cord; Described metalling is wide with filling straw cord, and rubble is wherein with bulk density 1500 ~ 1700kg/m
3be uniformly distributed;
It is boulder bed that described Qiao fills with immediately below straw cord; Described boulder bed is wide with tall straw cord of filling with, and cobble is wherein with bulk density 1400 ~ 1700kg/m
3be uniformly distributed.
10. the ecological buffer strip in riverbank according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ecological buffer strip surface slope in described riverbank is horizontal by 5 ~ 10 degree of angles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520563001.7U CN204860201U (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | Ecological buffering area in river bank |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520563001.7U CN204860201U (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | Ecological buffering area in river bank |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204860201U true CN204860201U (en) | 2015-12-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520563001.7U Expired - Fee Related CN204860201U (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | Ecological buffering area in river bank |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN204860201U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108739116A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-06 | 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 | A kind of bank ecological buffering band structure with composite efficacy |
| CN110896771A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-24 | 河北省水利科学研究院(河北省大坝安全管理中心) | Landscape type river bank buffer zone applied to North China and construction method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-07-30 CN CN201520563001.7U patent/CN204860201U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108739116A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-06 | 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 | A kind of bank ecological buffering band structure with composite efficacy |
| CN108739116B (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2020-11-13 | 北京东方利禾景观设计有限公司 | Ecological buffering of shore area structure with compound efficiency |
| CN110896771A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-24 | 河北省水利科学研究院(河北省大坝安全管理中心) | Landscape type river bank buffer zone applied to North China and construction method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151216 Termination date: 20190730 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |