CN204634358U - A kind of orchard cave-applied fertilizer apparatus for work - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an orchard pit fertilization operation device, which is composed of a frame, a digging mechanism, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and an elastic returning soil plate; the digging mechanism is hinged at the lower left part of the frame, The fertilizer discharge mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper right part of the frame, the linkage mechanism is fixedly installed on the middle part of the frame, the elastic returning plate is fixedly installed on the lower left side of the frame, and the linkage The two ends of the flexible shaft pull wire of the mechanism are respectively hinged on the small end of the connecting rod of the digging mechanism and the left end of the fertilizer discharge baffle of the fertilizer discharge mechanism, the digging operation of the pit digging mechanism and the fertilizer discharge The fertilizer discharge operation of the mechanism is carried out synchronously, and the soil covering operation is automatically completed by the elastic returning soil plate after the digging and fertilizer discharge. This device not only realizes the integrated operation of digging, fertilizer discharge and soil covering, but also realizes The synchronous operation of digging pits has high efficiency, strong practicability, and has strong promotion and application value.

Description

An orchard hole fertilization device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an orchard fertilizer hole application device.

Background technique

Point application is a commonly used fertilization method for orchard or densely planted orchard management in arid areas. The agronomic requirement of this fertilization method is to dig 4 to 6 soil pits with an opening size of 15 to 20 cm and a depth of 30 to 60 cm on the inner side of the tree crown (below the drip line of the tree crown), apply the prepared fertilizer into the pit, and then backfill the soil. . Compared with fertilization methods such as radial furrow fertilization method, row furrow fertilization method and circular furrow fertilization method, this fertilization method not only has less damage to the root system of fruit trees, but also has high fertilizer utilization efficiency.

At present, the pit digging, fertilizer discharge and soil covering operations in the point fertilization method are basically done manually, and the mechanized operation of point fertilization has not been widely used in the production management of orchards. An important reason is that the existing The cavernous point construction operation machine has the problems of low operation efficiency and single operation function. Most of the mechanized operations of pit-like point fertilization use digging machines to dig holes and open holes first, and then manually discharge fertilizer and cover soil. The fertilization operation is completed in the operation sequence of re-fertilizing and finally covering the soil, and the synchronous operation of digging, fertilizing and covering the soil has not yet been realized. The utility model provides an orchard hole fertilization operation device, which realizes the synchronous operation of the two operation links of digging and discharging fertilizer in the mechanized operation of point fertilization in the orchard, and can simultaneously complete the two operations of digging the hole and discharging fertilizer. After the link, the soil covering operation is automatically completed sequentially. The device can improve the operation efficiency of mechanized fertilization operation of hole-like spot application when it is operated under the driving of the operation machine tool.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an orchard pit fertilization operation device, which includes: a frame, a pit digging mechanism, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and an elastic returning soil plate;

The pit digging mechanism is hinged at the lower left part of the frame, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is fixedly installed at the upper right part of the frame, the linkage mechanism is fixedly installed at the middle part of the frame, and the elastic return The soil plate is fixedly installed on the lower left side of the frame, and the linkage mechanism is hinged with the digging mechanism and the fertilizer discharge mechanism respectively;

Further, the pit digging mechanism includes: digging shovels, connecting rods, rockers, and single-throw crankshafts;

The two ends of the main journal of the single-throw crankshaft are hinged on the left part of the frame, the large end of the connecting rod is hinged with the single-throw journal of the single-throw crankshaft, and the ground shovel is fixedly installed on the The small end of the connecting rod, one end of the rocking rod is hinged on the lower left part of the frame, and the other end is hinged on the middle part of the connecting rod.

Further, the fertilizer discharge mechanism includes: a fertilizer box, a conical hopper, a small cylinder, a fertilizer discharge baffle, a guide plate, a tension spring, a roller, a fertilizer discharge pipe, and a support plate;

The support plate is fixedly installed on the lower right part of the frame, the fertilizer box is fixedly installed on the upper right part of the frame, the conical hopper is fixedly installed inside the fertilizer box, and the small cylinder Welded on the bottom of the conical hopper, the guide plate is fixedly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the small cylinder through the hole in the middle, and the fertilizer discharge baffle passes through the lower part of the left box plate of the fertilizer box The rectangular hole is inserted between the guide plate and the bottom plate of the fertilizer tank, between the fertilizer discharge baffle and the guide plate and between the fertilizer discharge baffle and the bottom plate of the fertilizer tank The roller is installed in between, the right end of the fertilizer discharge baffle is hinged with the left end of the tension spring, the right end of the tension spring is fixed on the right box plate of the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer discharge pipe The upper end of the fertilizer discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the bottom of the fertilizer tank, the middle part of the fertilizer discharge pipe is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the lower end of the fertilizer discharge pipe extends below the middle part of the frame.

Further, the linkage mechanism includes: a flexible shaft cable, a flexible shaft cable guide, and two supporting pulleys;

One of the support pulleys is fixedly installed above the middle part of the frame, the other support pulley is fixedly installed under the middle part of the frame, and the flexible shaft cable guide is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame. The flexible shaft stay wire passes through the grooves of the two supporting pulleys and the flexible shaft stay wire guide, one end of the flexible shaft stay wire is hinged with the small end of the connecting rod of the digging mechanism, and the The other end of the flexible shaft stay wire is hinged to the left end of the fertilizer discharge baffle of the fertilizer discharge mechanism.

When the crankshaft rotates, the rocker is driven to reciprocate around the hinge point between itself and the frame, and at the same time, the connecting rod is driven to reciprocate around the hinge point between itself and the rocker, While the digging shovel fixedly installed on the small end of the connecting rod is operated, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is operated through the flexible shaft cable hinged on the small end of the connecting rod.

When the single-throw crankshaft of the digging mechanism makes one revolution, when the digging shovel cuts into the ground and completely leaves the ground for digging, the flexible shaft cable is pulled; when the digging shovel During the process of the shovel completely leaving the ground and cutting into the ground again, the flexible shaft cable is not pulled;

When the flexible shaft cable is under tension, the fertilizer discharge baffle begins to move to the left under the pull of the flexible shaft cable, and the round hole on the fertilizer discharge baffle and the inner hole of the small cylinder Gradually overlap, the fertilizer in the conical hopper begins to fall under the action of its own weight, and enters the fertilizer discharge pipe;

When the flexible shaft pull wire is not pulled, the fertilizer discharge baffle moves to the right under the pull of the tension spring, and the round hole on the fertilizer discharge baffle and the inner hole of the small cylinder gradually Stagger until the inner hole of the small cylinder is completely blocked by the fertilizer discharge baffle, and the fertilizer in the conical hopper stops falling;

During the process of the digging shovel cutting into the ground and completely leaving the ground for digging, the digging shovel first moves downwards in the vertical direction to penetrate into the soil, moves to the depth required for fertilization, and then moves upwards. Breaking away from the soil, it moves to the left all the time in the horizontal direction, so that a pit is gradually formed in the place where the shovel passes in the soil. In this process, due to the tension of the flexible shaft cable, the The fertilizer in the conical hopper falls to the fertilizer discharge pipe and is discharged into the pit at the same time, so that the digging and fertilizer discharge are carried out synchronously; during the process of the digging shovel moving vertically upward from the soil required for fertilization , because the digging shovel continues to move to the left in the horizontal direction, the digging shovel will throw the soil on its left side to the upper left, and the thrown soil will fall on the elastic returning soil plate when falling, The elastic soil return board is impacted to vibrate, and the soil dropped on the elastic soil return board slides down from the inclined plate of the elastic soil return board to the concave under its own weight and the vibration of the elastic soil return board. In the pit, complete the soil covering operation;

When the digging shovel is completely separated from the ground and cut into the ground again, the flexible shaft stay wire is not pulled, the fertilizer discharge baffle moves to the right under the pull of the tension spring, and the fertilizer discharge baffle moves to the right. The circular hole on the baffle is staggered with the inner hole of the small cylinder, the fertilizer in the conical hopper stops falling, and the digging and fertilizer discharge stop synchronously.

The utility model provides an orchard pit fertilization operation device, which is composed of a frame, a digging mechanism, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and an elastic returning soil plate; the digging mechanism is hinged at the lower left part of the frame, The fertilizer discharge mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper right part of the frame, the linkage mechanism is fixedly installed on the middle part of the frame, the elastic returning plate is fixedly installed on the lower left side of the frame, and the linkage The two ends of the flexible shaft cable of the mechanism are respectively hinged on the small end of the connecting rod of the digging mechanism and the left end of the fertilizer discharge baffle of the fertilizer discharge mechanism. The fertilizer discharge operation is carried out simultaneously, and the soil covering is automatically completed by the elastic returning soil plate after the digging and fertilizer discharge operations. This device not only realizes the integrated operation of digging pits, fertilizer discharge and soil covering, but also realizes fertilizer discharge and The synchronous operation of digging pits has high efficiency, strong practicability, and has strong promotion and application value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and principle of an orchard hole fertilization operation device of the present invention;

In the figure: 1, digging shovel; 2, connecting rod; 3, rocker; 4, single crank crankshaft; 5, flexible shaft cable guide; 6, support pulley; 7, flexible shaft cable; 8, fertilizer baffle; 9. Fertilizer box; 10. Conical hopper; 11. Guide plate; 12. Tension spring; 13. Roller; 14. Fertilizer discharge pipe; 15. Support plate; 18. Small cylinder;

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

Fig. 1 shows the structure and working principle of the orchard hole fertilization operation device provided by the implementation of the utility model; for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the utility model are shown.

As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the utility model, the orchard hole fertilization operation device includes: a frame, a pit digging mechanism, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and an elastic returning soil plate;

As shown in Figure 1, in the utility model embodiment, the digging mechanism includes: digging shovel 1, connecting rod 2, rocker 3, single crankshaft 4; On the left part of the frame 17, the large end of the connecting rod 2 is hinged with the single-turn journal of the single-turn crankshaft 4, the ground digging shovel 1 is fixedly installed on the small end of the connecting rod 2, and one end of the rocker 3 is hinged at the lower left of the frame 17 The other end of part, rocking bar 3 is hinged in the middle part of connecting rod 2.

As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the utility model, the fertilizer discharge mechanism includes: a fertilizer box 10, a conical hopper 10, a small cylinder 18, a fertilizer discharge baffle 8, a guide plate 11, a tension spring 12, a roller 13, fertilizer discharge pipe 14, support plate 15; support plate 15 is fixedly installed in the lower right part of frame 17, fertilizer box 9 is fixedly installed in the upper right part of frame 17, conical hopper 10 is fixedly installed in the inside of fertilizer box 9, The small cylinder 18 is welded on the bottom of the conical hopper 10, the guide plate 11 is fixedly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the small cylinder 18 through the circular hole in the middle, and the fertilizer discharge baffle 8 passes through the lower part of the left box plate of the fertilizer box 9. Rectangular hole is inserted between the case bottom plate of guide plate 11 and fertilizer case 9, and roller 13 is housed between fertilizer discharge baffle plate 8 and guide plate 11 and between the case bottom plate of fertilizer discharge baffle plate 8 and fertilizer case 9, The right end of the fertilizer discharge baffle plate 8 is hinged with the left end of the tension spring 12, the right end of the tension spring 12 is fixed on the right box plate of the fertilizer box 9, and the upper end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 14 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the fertilizer box 9. The middle part of the pipe 14 is fixedly installed on the support plate 15, and the lower end of the fertilizer discharge pipe 14 extends to the bottom of the middle part of the frame 17.

As shown in Figure 1, in the utility model embodiment, linkage mechanism comprises: flexible shaft backguy 7, flexible shaft backguy conduit 5, two supporting pulleys 6; A support pulley 6 is fixedly installed below the middle part of the frame 17, the flexible shaft stay wire guide 5 is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame 17, and the flexible shaft stay wire 7 passes through the grooves of the two support pulleys 6 and the flexible shaft stay wire guide 5 , one end of the flexible shaft backguy 7 is hinged with the small end of the connecting rod 2 of the digging mechanism, and the other end of the flexible shaft backguy 7 is hinged with the left end of the fertilizer discharge baffle plate 8 of the fertilizer discharge mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the embodiment of the present utility model, the elastic returning soil plate 16 is fixedly installed on the lower left side of the frame 17 .

As shown in Fig. 1, in the embodiment of the utility model, the orchard hole fertilization operation device can be used when the single crank crankshaft 4 of the digging mechanism rotates once, when the digging shovel 1 cuts into the ground from the beginning to completely breaks away from the ground. During the pit operation, the digging shovel 1 first moves downwards in the vertical direction to penetrate into the soil, moves to the depth required for fertilization, and then moves upwards to break away from the soil, and moves to the left in the horizontal direction to make the soil The place where the mid-digging shovel 1 passes gradually forms a pit. At the same time, because the flexible shaft stay wire 7 is pulled, the fertilizer discharge baffle 8 moves to the left under the pull of the flexible shaft stay wire 7, and the fertilizer discharge baffle 8 moves to the left. The circular hole coincides with the inner hole of the small cylinder 18, and the fertilizer in the conical hopper 10 falls under the action of its own weight, and is discharged into the pit through the fertilizer discharge pipe 14, so that the digging and fertilizer discharge are carried out synchronously; During the process of moving away from the soil in the vertical direction at the depth required by fertilization, because the digging shovel 1 continues to move to the left in the horizontal direction, the digging shovel 1 throws the soil on its left side to the upper left, and the thrown soil is Drop on the elastic soil return board 16 when falling, make the elastic soil return board 16 be subjected to impact and vibrate, and the soil dropped on the elastic soil return board 16 is under the vibration of the elastic soil return board 16 from the elastic soil return board 16 under its own weight and The sloping plate slides and falls into the pit to complete the soil covering operation; during the process of digging the shovel 1 from completely breaking off the ground to cutting into the ground again, the flexible shaft cable 7 is not pulled, and the fertilizer discharge baffle 8 is tightening the spring 12 Move to the right under the pulling of the fertilizer, the circular hole on the fertilizer discharge baffle plate 8 is staggered with the inner hole of the small cylinder 18, the fertilizer in the conical hopper 10 stops falling, and the digging and fertilizer discharge synchronously stop.

When the crankshaft 4 started a new revolution, the above-mentioned work process was repeated.

The technical scope of the utility model is not limited to the contents of the description, and all modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (1)

1. An orchard pit fertilization operation device is characterized in that, the orchard pit fertilization operation device comprises: a frame, a pit digging mechanism, a fertilizer discharge mechanism, a linkage mechanism, and an elastic returning soil plate; The pit digging mechanism is hinged at the lower left part of the frame, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is fixedly installed at the upper right part of the frame, the linkage mechanism is fixedly installed at the middle part of the frame, and the elastic return The soil plate is fixedly installed on the lower left side of the frame, the linkage mechanism is respectively hinged with the digging mechanism and the fertilizer discharge mechanism, and the elastic returning soil plate is fixedly installed on the lower left side of the frame; The pit digging mechanism further includes: a digging shovel, a connecting rod, a rocker, and a single-throw crankshaft; The main journal of the single-throw crankshaft is hinged at the left part of the frame, the large end of the connecting rod is hinged with the single-throw journal of the single-throw crankshaft, and the ground shovel is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod The small end of the rocker, one end of the rocker is hinged at the lower left part of the frame, and the other end of the rocker is hinged at the middle of the connecting rod; The fertilizer discharge mechanism further includes: a fertilizer box, a conical hopper, a small cylinder, a control baffle, a guide plate, a tension spring, a roller, a fertilizer discharge pipe, and a support plate; The support plate is fixedly installed on the lower right part of the frame, the fertilizer box is fixedly installed on the upper right part of the frame, the conical hopper is fixedly installed inside the fertilizer box, and the small cylinder Welded on the bottom of the conical hopper, the guide plate is fixedly installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the small cylinder through the round hole in the middle, and the control baffle passes through the lower part of the left box plate of the fertilizer tank. A rectangular hole is inserted between the guide plate and the bottom plate of the fertilizer tank, between the control baffle plate and the guide plate and between the control baffle plate and the bottom plate of the fertilizer tank The roller, the right end of the control baffle is hinged with the left end of the tension spring, the right end of the tension spring is fixed on the right box plate of the fertilizer box, and the upper end of the fertilizer discharge pipe is fixedly installed At the bottom of the fertilizer tank, the middle part of the fertilizer discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the support plate, and the lower end of the fertilizer discharge pipe extends below the middle part of the frame; The linkage mechanism further includes: a flexible shaft cable, a flexible shaft cable guide, and two supporting pulleys; One of the supporting pulleys is fixedly installed above the middle part of the frame, the other supporting pulley is fixedly installed under the middle part of the frame, and the flexible shaft cable guide is fixedly installed in the middle of the frame, The flexible shaft stay wire passes through the grooves of the two supporting pulleys and the flexible shaft stay wire guide, one end of the flexible shaft stay wire is hinged to the small end of the connecting rod of the digging mechanism, so The other end of the flexible shaft stay wire is hinged to the left end of the control baffle of the fertilizer discharge mechanism; During the pit digging process from when the ground shovel starts to cut into the ground and completely breaks away from the ground, the ground shovel first moves downwards in the vertical direction to penetrate into the soil, moves to the depth required for fertilization, and then moves upwards from The soil is separated from the soil, and it moves to the left in the horizontal direction, so that a pit is gradually formed in the place where the digging shovel passes in the soil. It also moves to the left under pulling, so that the circular hole on the fertilizer discharge baffle coincides with the inner hole of the small cylinder, and the fertilizer in the conical hopper falls to the fertilizer discharge pipe under its own weight and is discharged into the pit, so that digging and fertilizer discharge are carried out synchronously; in the process of the digging shovel moving from the soil in the vertical direction at the depth required for fertilization, because the digging shovel continues to move to the left in the horizontal direction, The digging shovel throws the soil on its left side to the upper left, and the thrown soil falls on the elastic soil return plate when it falls, causing the elastic soil return plate to vibrate when it is impacted, and falls on the elastic soil return plate. The soil on the soil-returning board slides down from the inclined plate of the elastic soil-returning board and falls into the pit under its own weight and the vibration of the elastic soil-returning board to complete the soil-covering operation; When the digging shovel leaves the ground completely and cuts into the ground again, the flexible shaft stay wire is not pulled, the fertilizer discharge baffle moves to the right under the pull of the tension spring, and the fertilizer discharge baffle moves to the right. The circular hole on the baffle is staggered from the inner hole of the small cylinder, the fertilizer in the conical hopper stops falling, and the digging and fertilizer discharge stop synchronously; When the single-throw crankshaft rotates once, the above-mentioned operation process is repeated once.