CN204616794U - A kind of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device - Google Patents
A kind of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204616794U CN204616794U CN201520332453.4U CN201520332453U CN204616794U CN 204616794 U CN204616794 U CN 204616794U CN 201520332453 U CN201520332453 U CN 201520332453U CN 204616794 U CN204616794 U CN 204616794U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device, for being distributed in light requirement waters, comprise the light path devices that can float on the water surface, the main part of described light path devices is transmission region, described light path devices is the light penetrating object that concavees lens or optical characteristics are equivalent to concavees lens, its ray-collecting is towards upper, and light diffusingsurface is downward, with below it and periphery by occlusion area throw light.This device is to the scope easily extensible of throw light under water to dead angle area, required arrangement areas and quantity all greatly reduce, the growing space tying up floating plant that can not be too much, and then ensure that purifying water effect, and manufacturing cost and use cost is relatively low, be suitable for applying on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to light irradiation apparatus technical field, especially for improving illumination condition under water, with promote the ecological balance, pollution abatement Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device, be mainly used in water pollution control, particularly promote the self-purification capacity of natural water, secondly for aquaculture, increase yield, reduces case fatality rate.
Background technology
On April 2nd, 2015, State Council issued " water prevention and cure of pollution action plan " (i.e. " ten, water "), propose the year two thousand twenty National Water Environmental quality and obtain interim improvement, seriously polluted water body reduces by a relatively large margin, drinking water safety safeguard level continues to promote, groundwater mining is strictly controlled, groundwater contamination aggravation trend is tentatively contained, Environment of Alongshore Sea Area quality is turned for the better steadlily, and the regional water state of ecological environment such as Jing-jin-ji region, the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta takes a turn for the better to some extent.To the year two thousand thirty, strive that National Water Environmental quality is totally improved, aquatic ecosystem function is tentatively recovered.To the middle of this century, eco-environmental quality is improved comprehensively, and the ecosystem realizes benign cycle.
Water environment protection concerning the vital interests of the people, concerning building up well-off society comprehensively, concerning Chinese dream of bringing about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Current, some regional quality of water environment of China are poor, Ecology impaired heavy, environment hidden danger is many etc., and problem is very outstanding, impact and infringement health of the masses, be unfavorable for economic society sustainable development.
Current, the situation of National Water Environmental is very severe.Be embodied in three aspects: the first, with regard to whole surface water, the bad V class water body proportion being subject to severe contamination is higher, and the whole nation about 10%, some basin even substantially exceeds this number.The ratio of V class as bad in Haihe basin is up to 39.1%.The second, flow through some sections in cities and towns, some irrigation canals and ditches dykes of rurbania pollute generally heavier, and owing to being subject to Organic Pollution, black and odorous water is more, and the influenced masses are many, and public attention degree is high, and dissatisfaction is high.3rd, the quantity relating to the water environment accident of safe drinking water is still many.
Waste water control is except utilizing sewage treatment plant to purify, and natural water also has self-purification capacity.After sewage enters water body, on the one hand water body is produced and pollute, water body itself has certain ability of purifying waste water on the other hand, namely through physics, the chemical and biological effect of water body, the concentration of dirty water pollutant is minimized, through after a period of time, water body often can return to contaminated front state, and decompose under the effect of microorganism, thus making water body revert to clean by unclean, this process is called the self purification process of water body.But the time that its self-cleaning needs is long, and scope is large.If the self-purification capacity of natural water can be improved, be very beneficial for National Water Environmental and improve.BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)) is exactly one and represents that water body is by the important indicator of Organic Pollution degree.
Molecular oxygen in air is dissolved in water and is called dissolved oxygen.Dissolved oxygen value is the one foundation of research water self-purification capacity.Dissolved oxygen in water is consumed, and return to original state, required time is short, and illustrate that the self-purification capacity of this water body is strong, water pollution is not serious in other words.Otherwise illustrate that water pollution is serious, self-purification capacity is weak, even loses self-purification capacity.
Body eutrophication refers to because of the too much caused water pollution phenomenon of the plant nutrient substance such as Water, the phosphorus content such as lake, river, reservoir.In the waste water that the industry such as sanitary sewage and chemical fertilizer, food, washing agent produces, containing plant nutrients such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus.After these materials enter water body, make water Middle nutrition substance surplus, algal bloom, cause oxygen in water to reduce in a large number, water quality deterioration, finally cause the aquatile such as fish, shrimp dead.Crying " wawter bloom " appears in lake in this phenomenon, occurs crying " red tide " in bay.
Administer body eutrophication, we are from the typical water plants of one---weter hyacinth is started with, weter hyacinth formal name used at school Eichhornia crassipes.Weter hyacinth cauline leaf overhangs waterborne, and tiller is crawled in the water surface, and its fibrous root is flourishing, and tillering propagation is fast, and extensive management is the good plant of beautifying the environment, purifying water.
But the fertility of weter hyacinth is extremely vigorous, once there be the environment of its growth applicable, it just grows fast, and becomes local dominant species, suppresses or affect the growth of other species, destroy ecological diversity, very easily cause this area's ecological degeneration, species are single.Weter hyacinth reproduction speed is exceedingly fast, a large amount of dissolved oxygen can be consumed during growth, almost become the synonym of " pollution ", the famous water bodys such as Dian Chi, Taihu Lake, Huangpu River and Wuhan East Lake, all there is the situation that weter hyacinth overflows, expend huge fund also cannot effect a radical cure, weter hyacinth is one of classical case of invasive species harm to the damnous case in Dian Chi.
The harm root of weter hyacinth mainly comprises two aspects, is on the one hand to take barbarous locking methods to the water surface of its life, blocks sunlight, causes underwater plant to can not get enough illumination and dead, destroys the food chain of animal under water, cause aquatic animal death.---but this allelopathy be inhibited when its root district illumination abundance after deliberation (affect gram raw factor acted between Aquatic Higher Plants and the algae---Tang Ping that is on the other hand the allelopathy that some its metabolite produces for other water plants).
The method overshot of the harm of current solution weter hyacinth, the method for sinking to the bottom smashed by machinery, chemical weed control practices etc.Overshot is method the most frequently used at present, though the good manpower and materials of effect drop into very large, and does not effect a permanent cure, usually repeatedly.Weter hyacinth smashed by machinery and the method sunk to the bottom is too simple and crude, and nutrition still exists in water, and the weter hyacinth rotted exacerbates water quality deterioration.Chemical weed control practices destroys the ecological balance more, and do not remove the nutrition in water, effect is the poorest simultaneously.
Though the weter hyacinth spread unchecked causes ecocatastrophe, but weter hyacinth really can pollution treatment water: the soil pick-up ability of weter hyacinth is in all pasture and water, be considered to the strongest, under optimum conditions, the nitrogen of 800 people's discharges, P elements can sponge the same day by one hectare of weter hyacinth, and weter hyacinth can also remove the heavy metal elements such as cadmium, lead, mercury, thallium, silver, cobalt, strontium from sewage.
But prior art is no matter which kind of method, and be all to eliminate floating plant, waste time and energy and poor effect, some methods also add other and pollute (such as using chemical herbicide).
If can namely keep weter hyacinth normal growth, can allow again biological existence in water body, then the self-purification capacity that water body can be made to keep higher, also can ensure bio-diversity.
Aqueous phase is a kind of optically denser medium for air, and according to optical principle, when light is propagated between two media, at optically thinner medium, light is larger with the angle of normal than optically denser medium light with the angle of normal, and incidence angle and refraction angle are positive correlation.When sun altitude is lower, namely incidence angle is larger, then the refraction angle be irradiated in water is larger, and the light path reaching the light of same depth is longer, and the weakening be subject to is more, and the illumination therefore in water is less.Meanwhile, when sun altitude is lower, the light of refraction is fewer, and the light of reflection is more, and the light irradiated in water inlet is fewer, and impurity, plankton, aquatic animals and plants etc. in the water surface and water all can keep the sun off, and affect the illumination of sunlight in water.
As shown in Figure 1, for the factor affecting illumination condition under water above, the mode of " physics is windowed " can be adopted to improve, concrete mode is the waters adopting certain physical arrangement (such as framework etc.) to be placed on weter hyacinth 1, tie up the growth district of weter hyacinth 1, thus on water body, form the transmission region in some similar skylights, by these transmission regions to throw light under water, improve illumination condition under water, the various wawter blooms utilizing weter hyacinth 1 to solve body eutrophication initiation, while the problems such as red tide, weter hyacinth 1 pair of water ecosystem can be avoided to cause adverse effect, thus reach and keep ecological balance, the object of pollution abatement.
But, according to optical knowledge, larger dead angle area H can be there is by window to during throw light under water, cause the illumination range that projects comparatively limited, to this, window area on increase waters, number of windows on increase waters, no matter the growing space tying up floating plant that any mode all can be too much, causes purifying water effect to be deteriorated, and required equipment volume is comparatively large, quantity is more, cost will significantly improve.
Therefore, in the process of throw light under water, how avoiding the too much growing space tying up floating plant can reach the object improving illumination condition, is those skilled in the art's technical issues that need to address.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device.This device is to the scope easily extensible of throw light under water to dead angle area, and required arrangement areas and quantity all greatly reduce, the growing space tying up floating plant that can not be too much, and then ensure that purifying water effect.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides a kind of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device, for being distributed in light requirement waters, comprise the light path devices that can float on or be placed in the water surface, the main part of described light path devices is transmission region, and described light path devices is the light penetrating object that concavees lens or optical characteristics are equivalent to concavees lens, its ray-collecting is towards upper, light diffusingsurface is downward, and water of compaction body forms the shape consistent with light diffusingsurface, with below it and periphery be subject to occlusion area throw light.
Preferably, described light penetrating object is made up of transparent material, and its light diffusingsurface is sphere.
Preferably, described light penetrating object is made up of transparent material, the cross-sectional profiles of its light diffusingsurface is conic section, conic section isoeffect curve or in be connected to the multi-section-line of described conic section, isoeffect curve.
Preferably, described light penetrating object is formed along lofter path setting-out by its cross-sectional profiles, and described lofter path is that initial point rotates lofter path, linear staking-out path, Curve lofting path or multi-section-line lofter path, and setting-out is uiform section setting-out or variable cross-section setting-out.
Preferably, light transmissive cover or another light penetrating object laterally zygomorphic is with it provided with above described light penetrating object.
Preferably, photoconductive tube is provided with below the light diffusingsurface of described concavees lens or light penetrating object.
Preferably, described photoconductive tube lower end is provided with another concavees lens or light penetrating object.
Preferably, comprise plane light-transmission body further, it is located at described concavees lens or light penetrating object periphery, or is connected with described concavees lens or light penetrating object.
Preferably, ray tracing device is provided with above the ray-collecting face of described concavees lens or light penetrating object.
Preferably, counterweight and/or breeding box is connected with below described concavees lens or light penetrating object.
Preferably, described concavees lens or light penetrating object sealing and inside is filled with the gas of balancing water pressure; Or, described concavees lens or light penetrating object are provided with the reinforcement of balancing water pressure, rib or bracing frame.
The utility model is by floating on the concavees lens of the water surface or being equivalent to the sunlight distribution of transmission element adjustment water surface water body of concavees lens, coordinate living space biological in water surface water body, it can tie up the water surface space of the floating plants such as weter hyacinth on the one hand, for the animals and plants in water body strive for illumination, utilize concavees lens optical principle on the other hand, strengthen Underwater Optical irradiation angle, reduce illumination dead angle, increase amount of sunlight and irradiation time under water, under the condition reaching identical lighting effect, the water surface space tying up the plants such as weter hyacinth that again can not be too much, namely ensure that animals and plants can obtain enough illumination under water, thus make the ecosystem under water keep balance, eliminate the devastating impact that floating plant excessive flooding causes waters, place, in turn ensure that the floating plant of sufficient amount is to reduce water eutrophication degree, finally reach the object purified water.
This device that can maintain water ecology balance, less investment, instant effect, pollution-free, make other biology in floating plant, submerged plant and water can both existence, throw in behind floating plant waters, purifying water effect is very remarkable, not only reduce the loss of cleaning floating plant simultaneously at economic aspect, diversified economy product (weter hyacinth and underwater culture product) can also be increased, there is higher economic benefit.
And, because aqueous phase is a kind of optically denser medium for air, according to optical principle, control by light diffusingsurface the optical effect that water shape just can reach concavees lens, and not necessarily use professional optics, thus reduce costs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the illumination dead angle schematic diagram below floating plant waters;
Fig. 2 is that the utility model adopts concavees lens as illumination route schematic diagram during light path devices;
Fig. 3 is the illumination range schematic diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that optical characteristics is equivalent to the first light penetrating object of concavees lens;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the second light penetrating object;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the third light penetrating object;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of light penetrating object;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of light penetrating object;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the 7th kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the 8th kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the 9th kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 13 is that employing the tenth kind of light penetrating object is as illumination route schematic diagram during light path devices;
Figure 14 is the illumination range schematic diagram of Figure 13;
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the 11 kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 16 is the structural representation of the 12 kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the 13 kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 18 is the light path schematic diagram of the first light penetrating object;
Figure 19 is illumination route schematic diagram when being provided with photoconductive tube below concavees lens;
Figure 20 is the illumination range schematic diagram of Figure 19;
Figure 21 is illumination range schematic diagram when the upper and lower two ends of photoconductive tube are respectively equipped with the 12 kind of light penetrating object shown in Figure 16;
Figure 22 is illumination route schematic diagram when being provided with photoconductive tube below the first light penetrating object shown in Figure 18;
Figure 23 is structural representation when being provided with ray tracing device above concavees lens;
Figure 24 is the structural representation of photoconductive tube between ray tracing device and concavees lens;
Figure 25 is the illumination route schematic diagram of the 4th kind of light penetrating object shown in Fig. 7;
Figure 26 is the illumination route schematic diagram of the 6th kind of light penetrating object shown in Fig. 9;
Figure 27 be Fig. 9 basis on set up the structural representation of ray tracing device further;
Figure 28 is the schematic diagram connecting counterweight below the first light penetrating object shown in Figure 18 or carry out anchoring;
Figure 29 is the structural representation connecting breeding box below the first light penetrating object shown in Figure 18;
Figure 30 is for establishing the structural representation of breeding box in the 4th kind of light penetrating object both sides shown in Figure 25;
The structural representation of breeding box is established in the side that Figure 31 is the 6th kind of light penetrating object shown in Figure 26;
Figure 32 is the structural representation of the 14 kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 33 is the structural representation of the 15 kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 34 is provided with the structural representation of planar annular light penetrating object for the light penetrating object of the second shown in Fig. 5 periphery;
Figure 35 is the structural representation be connected by plane light-transmission body between the first light penetrating object shown in Fig. 4;
Figure 36 is the structural representation of the 16 kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 37 is the structural representation of the 17 kind of light penetrating object;
Figure 38 is the structural representation that the first light penetrating object combinationally uses.
In figure:
1. weter hyacinth 2. concavees lens 3. light penetrating object 3-1. horizontal top cover 4. rubber guard member 5. bundlees handle 6. submerged plant 7. photoconductive tube 8. ray tracing device 9. counterweight 10. breeding box 11. plane light-transmission body
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the utility model scheme better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 2 is that the utility model adopts concavees lens as illumination route schematic diagram during light path devices; Fig. 3 is the illumination range schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
In a kind of embodiment, the Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device that the utility model provides, waters is administered for being distributed in floating plant (being weter hyacinth 1 shown in figure), primarily of the formation such as concavees lens 2 grade that can float on the water surface, its main part is transmission region, its ray-collecting is towards upper, and light diffusingsurface is downward, with below it and periphery by occlusion area throw light.
Because concavees lens 2 optically have the function of diffusing light, therefore under identical illumination condition, it is when to throw light under water, illumination range can significantly exceed the dead angle area shown in dotted line, thus expand illumination range, the less region of negligible amounts, area is only needed just can effectively to improve illumination condition under water, the growing space tying up weter hyacinth 1 that can not be too much, thus maintenance Underwater Optical according to and weter hyacinth 1 water purification between achieve good balance, finally reach purify water, the object of environmental protect.
Swim on the water surface in order to what make that concavees lens 2 can be stable, corresponding floating member can be arranged for concavees lens, such as ball float, scaffold (not shown) etc.
As the optional mode of one, Fei Nieer lens also can be adopted to replace concavees lens 2.
Certainly, except concavees lens 2, the light penetrating object that optical characteristics can also be adopted to be equivalent to concavees lens is used as light path devices.
Please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the structural representation that optical characteristics is equivalent to the first light penetrating object of concavees lens.
As shown in the figure; this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass); in the cylindrical shape with certain wall thickness; its closed at both ends; owing to being hollow-core construction, therefore swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable, its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects; can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect (see Figure 18) in use simultaneously.
Certainly, the two ends of above-mentioned cylindrical shape light penetrating object 3 also can not be closed, and in this case, because itself can not produce buoyancy, therefore need to arrange it can be made to swim in floating member on the water surface.
Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the second light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure; this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass); in having the spherical of certain wall thickness; owing to being hollow-core construction; therefore swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use simultaneously.
Please refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the third light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure; this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass); in the hemispherical with certain wall thickness; owing to being hollow-core construction; therefore swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use simultaneously.
Please refer to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the 4th kind of light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure, this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass), and in wedge shape wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, bottom is tip-angled shape, and it can be solid construction, also can be hollow-core construction.When it is solid construction; need floating member be set; to guarantee to swim on the water surface; when it is hollow-core construction; swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect (its illumination route as shown in figure 25) in use simultaneously.
This wedge shape light penetrating object 3 is when dropping in water, submerge in water gradually, in the process of submerging, shared water surface area becomes large gradually, the water surface space occupying weter hyacinth 1 that therefore can be more prone to,, stretch into bottom it in water meanwhile, can depth of shine be increased, the inclined-plane of both sides can also adapt to the pressure change of water and advantage of lower cost.
Please refer to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the 5th kind of light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure, this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass), and in pyramid wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, bottom is tip-angled shape, and it can be solid construction, also can be hollow-core construction.When it is solid construction; need floating member be set; to guarantee to swim on the water surface; when it is hollow-core construction; swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use simultaneously.
Certainly, except pyramid, taper shape or taper type can also be designed to.
Please refer to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the 6th kind of light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure, this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass), and in trapezoidal (or flute profile) wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, bottom is plane, and it can be solid construction, also can be hollow-core construction.When it is solid construction; need floating member be set; to guarantee to swim on the water surface; when it is hollow-core construction; swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects; annex such as binding handle 5 grade can also be set simultaneously; it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect (its illumination route as shown in figure 26) in use; except having all advantages of wedge shape, taper light penetrating object, also shallow-water environment can better be adapted to.
Please refer to Figure 10, Figure 10 is the structural representation of the 7th kind of light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure, this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass), in trapezoidal (or flute profile) wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, bottom is plane, taper light penetrating object 3 is as shown in Figure 8 formed after cutting bottom wedge angle in the horizontal direction, it can be solid construction, also can be hollow-core construction.When it is solid construction; need floating member be set; to guarantee to swim on the water surface; when it is hollow-core construction; swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use simultaneously.
Please refer to Figure 11, Figure 11 is the structural representation of the 8th kind of light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure, this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass), its two ends are in " V " font, bottom is wedge angle, and substantially in ship shape, this streamline-shaped can eliminate flowing water resistance preferably, be suitable for being arranged in flowing waters, can regard as from the wedge shape light penetrating object 3 shown in Fig. 7 and be formed after two ends increase " V " shape part, it can be solid construction, also can be hollow-core construction.When it is solid construction; need floating member be set; to guarantee to swim on the water surface; when it is hollow-core construction; swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use simultaneously.
Please refer to Figure 12, Figure 12 is the structural representation of the 9th kind of light penetrating object
As shown in the figure, this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass), its two ends are in " V " font, bottom is plane, substantially in ship shape, can adapt to waters of flowing preferably, ship shape light penetrating object is formed after cutting bottom wedge angle in the horizontal direction as shown in Figure 11, it can be solid construction, also can be hollow-core construction.When it is solid construction; need floating member be set; to guarantee to swim on the water surface; when it is hollow-core construction; swim on the water surface without the need to what arrange that floating member just can be stable; its edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use simultaneously.
Please refer to Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 13 is that employing the tenth kind of light penetrating object is as illumination route schematic diagram during light path devices; Figure 14 is the illumination range schematic diagram of Figure 13.
As shown in the figure; this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass), and in the arc with certain wall thickness on cross section, the light depth of shine that it irradiates vertically downward is maximum; edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade simultaneously.
Swim on the water surface in order to what make that it can be stable, can arrange corresponding floating member, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use, and compared with above several mode, structure is more simple, can effectively reduce cost.
Please refer to Figure 15, Figure 15 is the structural representation of the 11 kind of light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure; this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass); the annular that cross section equals 180 degree in central angle; the light depth of shine that it irradiates vertically downward is maximum; edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight and connect, and can also arrange annex such as binding handle 5 grade simultaneously, swims on the water surface in order to what make that it can be stable; can arrange corresponding floating member, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use.
Please refer to Figure 16, Figure 16 is the structural representation of the 12 kind of light penetrating object.
As shown in the figure; this light penetrating object 3 is made up of transparent material (such as glass); its the latter half is curved on cross section; the first half is cover horizontal top cover 3-1 on the lower half; edge can arrange rubber guard member 4 and counterweight connects; annex such as binding handle 5 grade can also be set simultaneously, swim on the water surface in order to what make that it can be stable, corresponding floating member can be arranged.
If its closed at both ends, then do not arrange floating member and also can swim on the water surface, it can obtain substantially identical with concavees lens 2 optical effect in use.
Compared with the light penetrating object shown in Figure 13, Figure 14, it will make diffusion effect disappear because of concave surface internal water accumulation in use, even makes equipment sink under water.
In like manner, as shown in figure 17, top cover, except horizontal versions, can also be second half light penetrating object laterally zygomorphic with the latter half light penetrating object.
Please refer to Figure 19, Figure 20, Figure 19 is illumination route schematic diagram when being provided with photoconductive tube below concavees lens; Figure 20 is the illumination range schematic diagram of Figure 19.
In order to ray cast is extremely water-bed, illumination is carried out to submerged plant 6, photoconductive tube 7 can be installed additional below the light diffusingsurface of above-mentioned concavees lens 2 or light penetrating object 3, to improve directive property, avoid light arriving the forward direction surrounding diffusion at the bottom, photoconductive tube 7 lower end also can install the light penetrating object 3 of concavees lens 2 or similar concavees lens additional.
Photoconductive tube 7 can have three kinds of principal modes substantially:
The first is transmission increasing photoconductive tube, for vacuum or accommodate air etc. other increases light transmissive gas, liquid or solid in its pipe.
The second is reflection type optical conduit, and be natural water in its pipe, inwall is reflecting surface.
The third is compound photoconductive tube, and it is the combination of transmission increasing photoconductive tube and reflection type optical conduit, namely in pipe for vacuum or accommodate air etc. other increases light transmissive gas, liquid or solid, meanwhile, inwall is reflecting surface.
Please refer to Figure 21, Figure 21 is illumination range schematic diagram when the upper and lower two ends of photoconductive tube are respectively equipped with the 12 kind of light penetrating object shown in Figure 16.
Shown in itself and above-mentioned Figure 19,20, the difference of transmission element is, photoconductive tube about 7 two ends are respectively equipped with the 12 kind of light penetrating object 3 shown in Figure 16, and all the other structures remain unchanged substantially.
Except above embodiment, also photoconductive tube 7 can be installed additional below all the other various light penetrating objects 3, as shown in figure 22, it is provided with photoconductive tube 7 below the first light penetrating object 3 shown in Figure 18, thus light orientation is projected water-bed region, keep submerged plant 6 illumination sufficient, because light is before the trend of purchasing bottom, can not spread to surrounding, therefore the region around photoconductive tube 7 cannot be irradiated to, thus water body is divided into a Liang Ge growth promoting effects district A and Developing restraint district B, wherein, water-surface areas and water-bed region are growth promoting effects district A, region is between the two Developing restraint district B, the plant in water-bed growth promoting effects district can absorb the nutriment in water, with the growth of algae in limit water, purify water, ensure the existence of aquatic organism.
For improving lighting effect further, ray tracing device can also be set above the ray-collecting face of concavees lens 2 or light penetrating object 3.
Please refer to Figure 22, Figure 22 is structural representation when being provided with ray tracing device above concavees lens.
As shown in the figure, it is on basis embodiment illustrated in fig. 2, ray tracing device 8 (being also called active heliostat) is added above the ray-collecting face of concavees lens 2, it enters light or light direction can cover any direction within the scope of all skies, therefore, it is possible to adapt to the change of light source position or target location very neatly, all the time maximum daylighting state can be in by automatically regulating, thus make light be more prone to utilize, can light attenuation be avoided simultaneously, can realize carrying light in a large number at a distance.
Particularly, the publication number applied for before can adopting the utility model applicant is the light three-dimensional tracking harvester disclosed in the utility model patent of CN203147619U, or the publication number of having obtained the authorization is the light three-dimensional tracking harvester disclosed in the utility model patent of CN203147619U.
As shown by arrows, this structure is orientable to throw light under water, is particularly suitable for the illumination condition for improving submerged plant 6.
Be appreciated that, except the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, on the basis of all the other each embodiments, all can install above-mentioned ray tracing device 8 additional, as shown in figure 27, ray tracing device 8 is set up on the basis of Fig. 9 further, etc., and be illustrated as bimirror formula ray tracing device 8, also can with the ray tracing device 8 of other mirror as many in single mirror.
Please refer to Figure 23, Figure 23 is the structural representation of photoconductive tube between ray tracing device and concavees lens.
On the basis of structure shown in Figure 22, can also further improvement be made, namely install photoconductive tube 7 additional in the below of ray tracing device 8, concavees lens 2 are arranged on the light-emitting window place of photoconductive tube 7 lower end simultaneously.
The concavees lens 2 of this structure sink to the position of below the water surface, utilize photoconductive tube 7 can realize the remote orientation projection of light, avoid light arriving the forward direction surrounding diffusion of concavees lens 2.
Please refer to Figure 28,29,30,31, Figure 28 is the schematic diagram connecting counterweight below the first light penetrating object shown in Figure 18 or carry out anchoring; Figure 29 is the structural representation connecting breeding box below the first light penetrating object shown in Figure 18; Figure 30 is for establishing the structural representation of breeding box in the 4th kind of light penetrating object both sides shown in Figure 25; The structural representation of breeding box is established in the side that Figure 31 is the 6th kind of light penetrating object shown in Figure 26.
As shown in the figure, connect support counterweight 9 or breeding box 10 below concavees lens 2 or light penetrating object 3 by rope, the object arranging counterweight 9 is the position in order to better control light penetrating object 3, if the position of light penetrating object 3 immobilizes, also can carry out anchoring to it.
Breeding box 10 can be used for alternative counterweight 9, can be divided into hanging type breeding box, and the various ways such as accole breeding box, while realizing weight balance function, can carry out underwater culture, thus increase practical value, have higher economic benefit.
The utility model in use, both can throw in the form of monomer, also can multiple monomer couple together (see Figure 37,38) even adopt the individuality of variform to combine, carry out planned distribution in a organized way, concavees lens 2 or light penetrating object 3 and periphery have be connected or with have anchoring under water.
There is following technique effect:
1) water surface space of the floating plants such as weter hyacinth is tied up, for the plant in water body strives for illumination.
2) utilize concavees lens optical principle, increase Underwater Optical irradiation angle, increase amount of sunlight and irradiation time under water, reduce Underwater Optical according to dead angle.
3) utilize photoconductive tube in water to increase light conduction distance, or irradiate appointed area.
4) increased the growth living space of aquatic organism by suspended counterweight thing, breeding box, substitute ball float cultivation.
Certainly, the concrete structure of light penetrating object 3 is not limited to above several form, it is connected to circular polygon (see Figure 32 on longitudinal section can being, Figure 36) or in be connected to the multi-section-line (see Figure 33) of one section of circular arc, and on the basis of above several light penetrating object 3, plane light-transmission body 11 can also be set up further, as shown in figure 34, the periphery of spherical light penetrating object 3 is provided with a ring shape plane light-transmission body 11, this plane light-transmission body 11 can make flat glass, plane hollow glass or plane cased glass etc., in addition, also use after mutually can being connected by plane light-transmission body 11 between identical or different light penetrating object 3, the shape of plane light-transmission body 11 can flexible design as required, as shown in figure 35, be connected as a whole by rectangle plane light penetrating object 11 between cylindrical shape light penetrating object 3.
The cross-sectional profiles of the light penetrating object 3 in the various embodiments described above is the curve of conic section or other effect same, and in be connected to the multi-section-line of conic section or isoeffect curve, as the inscribed triangle, quadrangle, pentagon etc. of circle, its cross-sectional profiles forms light penetrating object 3 along particular path setting-out, and cross section lofter path comprises prismatic initial point and rotates setting-out, linear staking-out and other Curve lofting.As formed the setting-out of the shapes such as ball, annulus, circular cone, pipe, cylinder, cross section lofter path comprises unequal section setting-out, and as spheroid setting-out, the multi-section-line that cross section lofter path comprises simplification curve and formed, as formed the setting-out of pyramid or terrace with edge.
In addition, concavees lens 2 or light penetrating object 3 can be designed to hermetically-sealed construction, and fill air, such as forced air in inside, to improve the structural strength of concavees lens 2 or light penetrating object 3, and the pressure of opposing water.Certainly, except the mode of blanketing gas, its structural strength can also be improved by arranging the modes such as reinforcement, rib, bracing frame on concavees lens 2 or light penetrating object 3, the effect of opposing water pressure can be reached equally.
The effect of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device optics aspect of the present utility model mainly contains three: comprise occupy water surface space increase accept illumination area, increase submerged level direction illumination (abatement dead angle) and increase depth of water direction illumination under water (decay of light in water body is much larger than air), increase Underwater Optical according to the photosynthesis that just can promote water body implants, increase oxygen in water, improve the self-purification capacity of natural water, promote water body implants and growth of microorganism simultaneously, increase aquatic products output.Can also be used for luring light type fishery.
This device zero energy consumption, pollution-free, recyclable recycling, and manufacturing cost and use cost is relatively low, is suitable for applying on a large scale.
Above Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device provided by the utility model is described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present utility model and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands core concept of the present utility model for helping.Should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model principle, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the utility model, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the utility model claim.
Claims (11)
1. a Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device, for being distributed in light requirement waters, comprise the light path devices that can float on or be placed in the water surface, the main part of described light path devices is transmission region, it is characterized in that, described light path devices is the light penetrating object (3) that concavees lens (2) or optical characteristics are equivalent to concavees lens, its ray-collecting is towards upper, light diffusingsurface is downward, and water of compaction body forms the shape consistent with light diffusingsurface, with below it and periphery be subject to occlusion area throw light.
2. Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described light penetrating object (3) is made up of transparent material, and its light diffusingsurface is sphere.
3. Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described light penetrating object (3) is made up of transparent material, the cross-sectional profiles of its light diffusingsurface is conic section, conic section isoeffect curve or in be connected to the multi-section-line of described conic section, isoeffect curve.
4. Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described light penetrating object (3) is formed along lofter path setting-out by its cross-sectional profiles, described lofter path is that initial point rotates lofter path, linear staking-out path, Curve lofting path or multi-section-line lofter path, and setting-out is uiform section setting-out or variable cross-section setting-out.
5. Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described light penetrating object (3) top is provided with light transmissive cover (3-1) or another light penetrating object laterally zygomorphic with it.
6. Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with photoconductive tube (7) below the light diffusingsurface of described concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (3).
7. Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described photoconductive tube (7) lower end is provided with another concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (3).
8. the Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, comprise plane light-transmission body further, it is located at described concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (3) periphery, or is connected with described concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (3).
9. the Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, is provided with ray tracing device (8) above the ray-collecting face of described concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (2).
10. the Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, described concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (3) below are connected with counterweight (9) and/or breeding box (10).
11. Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination devices according to any one of claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, described concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (3) sealing and inside are filled with the gas of balancing water pressure; Or, described concavees lens (2) or light penetrating object (3) are provided with the reinforcement of balancing water pressure, rib or bracing frame.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520332453.4U CN204616794U (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | A kind of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520332453.4U CN204616794U (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2015-05-21 | A kind of Underwater Optical regulating and controlling illumination device |
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| CN204616794U true CN204616794U (en) | 2015-09-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109122433A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-04 | 吴常文 | A kind of raft formula snail cage culture device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109122433A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-04 | 吴常文 | A kind of raft formula snail cage culture device |
| CN109122433B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2021-02-19 | 吴常文 | Raft formula snail device of raising in cages |
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