CN204011529U - A kind of electric motor car that there is the lithium battery of fireproof anti-explosion device and apply this battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, described lithium battery comprises battery core group, battery core sheath and shell, battery core group is placed in battery core sheath, battery core sheath is placed in shell, in the gap of battery core sheath and shell, be filled with the extinguishing chemical powder that the endothermic reaction can occur when being heated and produce carbon dioxide, shell is provided with dredging hole.This device is usingd the extinguish material that the endothermic reaction can occur and produce carbon dioxide while being heated as working media in lithium battery use procedure, battery is absorbed heat and starvation, and can regulate and control in time inner pressure of battery, by adopting above comprehensive protecting method, can effectively prevent that the accidents such as on fire, blast from occurring, and reduces the security risk that battery is used greatly.

Description

A kind of electric motor car that there is the lithium battery of fireproof anti-explosion device and apply this battery

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of lithium battery and application product thereof with fireproof anti-explosion device, and in particular, it relates to a kind of electric motor car that has the lithium battery of fireproof anti-explosion device and apply this battery.

Background technology

Due to non-renewable energy resources crisis and environmental pollution serious, the development of environmental protection high-performance lithium battery has been accelerated in the whole world, the application of lithium battery extends to traffic power by digital product field, energy storage, space flight, the fields such as communication spare power supplies, people also develop into even thousands of ampere-hours up to a hundred by original hundreds of MAH to the demand of lithium battery, lifting along with capacity, safety problem will be difficult to control more, therefore high-capacity lithium battery fail safe is now the problem of numerous enterprises research, if it is on fire to resolve lithium battery, this global problem explodes, the application of lithium battery will enter faster wider developing stage.Publication number is that the invention of CN102044715A discloses a kind of explosion-proof equipment of lithium battery on May 4th, 2011, it comprises the structure of lithium battery casing, positive electrode, negative electrode, sheet rubber, lithium battery casing is provided with air vent hole, on air vent hole, cover and be fixed with sheet rubber, the thickness of sheet rubber is 0.5-5mm.Owing to adopting sheet rubber as explosion-proof valve, without offering in addition liquid injection hole, in battery, inject electrolyte and nitrogen, liquid injection hole and explosion-proof valve are integrated, simple in structure, cost is low, easy to process simple to operate; During use, only need through sheet rubber, inwardly inject electrolyte and nitrogen with needle tubing, extract after syringe needle, utilize sheet rubber enclosed elastic pin hole, reach electrolyte and nitrogen does not leak, lithium battery is normally worked.This utility model is applicable to the lithium battery of various shapes and different-thickness.But lithium battery is mainly that what is called " thermal runaway " problem because short circuit, the heat radiation reason such as not smooth cause causes blasting, " thermal runaway " and then initiation inner pressure of battery increase severely, thereby set off an explosion, therefore prevent that lithium battery blast from not only will drain interior pressure in time, also should control from temperature, prevent that the links such as short circuit from starting with, many-side takes measures more effectively to reach the explosion-proof target of lithium battery, and this utility model only lays particular emphasis on by air vent hole and explosion-proof valve pressure release, rather than adopt more fully safeguard procedures, therefore produce effects comparatively limited.

Utility model content

Lithium battery is very easily because short circuit, the problem such as bad of dispelling the heat cause blast on fire, and the fire-proof and explosion-proof measure of existing lithium battery can only limitedly improve subproblem and can not deal with problems comprehensively, for overcoming this defect, the utility model provide a kind of for the lithium battery blast origin cause of formation on fire, strengthen fire-proof and explosion-proof function there is fireproof anti-explosion device lithium battery, a kind of electric motor car of this device of application is also provided.

The technical solution of the utility model is: a kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, described lithium battery comprises battery core group, battery core sheath and shell, battery core group is placed in battery core sheath, battery core sheath is placed in shell, in the gap of battery core sheath and shell, be filled with the extinguishing chemical powder that the endothermic reaction can occur when being heated and produce carbon dioxide, shell is provided with dredging hole.This device carries out the work of dependent response formula for the mechanism of lithium battery blast on fire, by the rising of lithium battery electric core temperature, impel extinguish material to react, during on the one hand according to this extinguish material reaction, inhale thermal property, the heat absorption that lithium battery interior is generated, plays the effect that temperature raises fast that suppresses; On the other hand, the carbon dioxide that utilizes reaction to generate progressively squeezes the oxygen of inside battery, eliminates the key element of supporting battery core that burning occurs, thereby reaches the object that suppresses burning; Moreover, when utilizing this extinguish material absorbing and cooling temperature by dredging hole by shell in original air and the carbon dioxide that generated afterwards discharge in time, keep inner pressure of battery to be stabilized in a lsafety level.By above-mentioned measure, this device can effectively prevent lithium battery blast on fire, greatly improves lithium battery safety in utilization.Extinguish material can be a kind of composition, by selfdecomposition, is reacted and is generated carbon dioxide.

As preferably, described dredging hole is provided with relief valve, relief valve comprises valve body and active valve block, the valve gap that has been threaded on valve body opening, and valve gap center is provided with central through hole, in valve body, be provided with the valve pocket of up big and down small taper type, active valve block is also taper type and slides and be arranged in valve pocket adaptedly, is provided with a stage clip between valve gap and active valve block, and stage clip one end is hooked on active valve block, the other end is connected to valve gap bottom surface, and stage clip circle circle external diameter is greater than central through hole diameter.Under nature, active valve block is pushed by stage clip, is pressed in valve pocket, blocks valve pocket.When enclosure air pressure increases, active valve block finally can outwards be backed down because of the pressure differential inside and outside shell, removes the shutoff to valve pocket, thereby the excessive pressure of enclosure is discharged, guarantee that inner pressure of battery is in safer level, reduce risk of explosion.When relief valve is also battery assembling on the other hand, enter the passage that leaks of a small amount of air of enclosure, under the squeezing of the carbon dioxide constantly generating in the enclosure, original air that contains oxygen is progressively drained, and while pressing in maintaining the safety of battery, can stop extraneous air enters again, like this in the situation that there is no oxygen, the battery core group of battery can not burnt, thereby plays fire-retardant fireproof effect.

As preferably, described dredging hole is positioned at cover top portion.Described extinguish material decomposes the carbon dioxide density generating and is greater than the atmospheric density under equal conditions, carbon dioxide more easily sinks to shell inner bottom part, thereby original air is extruded into shell inner top, therefore in cover top portion, the fast evacuation that dredging hole is more conducive to original air is set, and the storage of newly-generated carbon dioxide is stayed, form the anaerobic environment of inside battery, realize better the object of fire-retardant fireproof.

An electric motor car, has the lithium battery of fireproof anti-explosion device described in application.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Greatly improve the security protection performance of lithium battery, reduce battery and use security risk.This device is usingd the extinguish material that the endothermic reaction can occur and produce carbon dioxide while being heated as working media in lithium battery use procedure, battery is absorbed heat and starvation, and can regulate and control in time inner pressure of battery, by adopting above comprehensive protecting method, can effectively prevent that the accidents such as on fire, blast from occurring, and reduces the security risk that battery is used greatly.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 be in the utility model relief valve a kind of structural representation;

Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of lithium battery in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a kind of confined state schematic diagram of lithium battery in the utility model.

In figure, 1-battery core group, 2-battery core sheath, 3-shell, 4-relief valve, 5-valve body, 6-active valve block, 7-valve gap, 8-central through hole, 9-valve pocket, 10-stage clip, 11-bicarbonate powder, 12-heat insulation layer.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

embodiment 1:

As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, a kind of electric motor car, which is provided with a kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, described lithium battery comprises battery core group 1, battery core sheath 2 and shell 3, battery core group 1 is placed in battery core sheath 2, battery core sheath 2 is placed in shell 3, in the gap of battery core sheath 2 and shell 3, be filled with the bicarbonate powder 11 of can decomposes and discharging carbon dioxide as temperature control extinguish material, it in the present embodiment, is sodium acid carbonate, battery core sheath 2 is made by ABS, shell 3 is formed from aluminium, shell 3 is the approximate cuboid of a sealing, by housing, upper cover, bottom forms, the top cover of shell 3 is provided with a dredging hole, be preferably in dredging hole and be provided with relief valve 4.Relief valve 4 comprises valve body 5 and active valve block 6, valve gap 7 has been threaded on 5 mouthfuls of valve bodies, valve gap 7 centers are provided with central through hole 8, in valve body 5, be provided with the valve pocket 9 of up big and down small taper type, active valve block 6 is also taper type and slides and be arranged in valve pocket 9 adaptedly, and active valve block 6 taperings equate with valve pocket 9 taperings, 6 of valve gap 7 and active valve blocks are provided with a stage clip 10, stage clip 10 one end are hooked on active valve block 6, and the other end is connected to valve gap 7 bottom surfaces, and stage clip 10 circle circle external diameters are greater than central through hole 8 diameters.Stage clip 10 is selected suitable specification, and when shell 3 air pressure inside reach certain air pressure, during atmospheric pressure, suffered shell 3 internal pressures of active valve block 6 can overcome stage clip 10 elastic force just.Shell 3 inner surfaces are provided with heat insulation layer 12, and this heat insulation layer 12 can be made with silicon dioxide or asbestos, and the heat insulation layer 12 of being made by silicon dioxide or asbestos is arranged between shell 3 inner surfaces and extinguish material,, sodium acid carbonate is located between heat insulation layer and battery core sheath 2.

Once lithium battery is in the course of the work because of reason adstante febres such as short circuits, the interior temperature of battery core sheath 2 rises gradually, battery core sheath 2 can outwards conduct heat again fast, shell 3 internal temperatures and shell 3 air pressure inside also rise thereupon, and when temperature arrives 50 ℃, sodium acid carbonate starts to occur chemical reaction, resolve into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide, the thermal decomposition of sodium acid carbonate is an endothermic process, constantly consumes heat energy in thermal decomposition process, and this can suppress shell 3 internal temperature fast rise.The carbon dioxide generating is sneaked into after the interior original air of shell 3, shell 3 internal gas pressures further increase, when shell 3 internal gas pressures reach two atmospheric pressure, active valve block 6 can be promoted by shell 3 internal gas pressures, the elastic force that overcomes stage clip 10 rises, and active valve block 6 departs from the adapting position of original and valve pocket 9, between active valve block 6 and valve pocket 9 chamber walls, has occurred space, shell 3 air pressure inside just can leak via this space, until shell 3 internal gas pressures fall back to two below atmospheric pressure.Carbon dioxide constantly produces, and the inner original a small amount of air of shell 3 is drained gradually, and the oxygen of shell 3 inside is finally drained like this, and shell 3 internal voids are finally all occupied by carbon dioxide.There is no oxygen, shell 3 inside have just lost the essential elements of battery core group burning, thereby have reached the object of fire-retardant fireproof, avoid occurring more serious security incident.In the present embodiment, can be on the top cover of shell 3, to be only provided with dredging hole, and do not establish relief valve, once lithium battery is in the course of the work because of reason adstante febres such as short circuits, when the interior temperature of battery core sheath 2 rises to uniform temperature gradually, battery core inner material produces reaction, and cause battery core internal pressure to become large, and battery core is broken, and the thermals source such as the inner gas producing of battery core and particle are under the effect of internal pressure, by dredging hole, spray outside housing, reduced the thermal source of enclosure interior, the rising of shell 3 internal temperatures simultaneously, sodium acid carbonate starts to occur chemical reaction, resolve into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide, the thermal decomposition of sodium acid carbonate is an endothermic process, in thermal decomposition process, constantly consume heat energy, this can suppress shell 3 internal temperature fast rise, the carbon dioxide producing is sneaked into after the interior original air of shell 3, shell 3 internal gas pressures further increase, oxygen is discharged to housing 3 by dredging hole, and shell 3 is inner isolated with external oxygen, because carbon dioxide constantly produces, and the inner original a small amount of air of shell 3 is drained gradually, the oxygen of shell 3 inside is finally drained like this, and shell 3 internal voids are finally all occupied by carbon dioxide, there is no oxygen, shell 3 inside have just lost the essential elements of battery core group burning, thereby reached the object of fire-retardant fireproof, avoid occurring more serious security incident.In addition, due to the generation of carbon dioxide, from the thermal source of dredging hole ejection, as the electrolyte of battery core inside, the carbon dioxide that adulterating, also greatly reduces the danger that sprays thermal source.In the present embodiment, as the bicarbonate of extinguish material, can also be that saleratus, calcium bicarbonate, carbonic hydroammonium etc. can carry out endothermic decomposition and generate the bicarbonate of carbon dioxide in different temperature points, or the mixture of these bicarbonates.

embodiment 2:

Battery core sheath 2 is formed from aluminium, and all the other are with embodiment 1.

The lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device of the present utility model can be applied in as on the vehicles such as electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, electric automobile.

Claims (4)

1. a lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, described lithium battery comprises battery core group (1), battery core sheath (2) and shell (3), battery core group (1) is placed in battery core sheath (2), battery core sheath (2) is placed in shell (3), it is characterized in that being filled with the extinguishing chemical powder that the endothermic reaction can occur when being heated and produce carbon dioxide in the gap of battery core sheath (2) and shell (3), shell (3) is provided with dredging hole.

2. a kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that dredging hole is provided with relief valve (4), relief valve (4) comprises valve body (5) and active valve block (6), valve gap (7) has been threaded on valve body (5) mouth, valve gap (7) center is provided with central through hole (8), in valve body (5), be provided with the valve pocket (9) of up big and down small taper type, active valve block (6) is also taper type and slides and be arranged in valve pocket (9) adaptedly, between valve gap (7) and active valve block (6), be provided with a stage clip (10), stage clip (10) one end is hooked on active valve block (6), the other end is connected to valve gap (7) bottom surface, stage clip (10) circle circle external diameter is greater than central through hole (8) diameter.

3. the lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described dredging hole is positioned at shell (3) top.

4. an electric motor car, is characterized in that, application rights requires the lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device described in 1 or 2.