CN214254577U - Flame-retardant and explosion-proof battery pack - Google Patents
Flame-retardant and explosion-proof battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN214254577U CN214254577U CN202023051902.8U CN202023051902U CN214254577U CN 214254577 U CN214254577 U CN 214254577U CN 202023051902 U CN202023051902 U CN 202023051902U CN 214254577 U CN214254577 U CN 214254577U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fire-retardant explosion-proof battery package, including module (1), protective unit (2) and the control unit (3). The control unit (3) can detect the temperature, pressure or the change of meeting an emergency of electric core in the module (1), in time controls the electric connection state of module (1), and protection unit (2) in the battery package contains the protective medium, can release the protective medium, blocks the air, absorbs the heat, suppresses the process of blasting, has improved the fail safe nature of battery package.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium cell safety protection, concretely relates to fire-retardant explosion-proof battery package.
Background
The conventional vehicle-mounted power battery mainly comprises a battery monomer, a module, a pack three-stage structure or a pack two-stage structure and the like. In terms of safety management of batteries, the battery safety management is mainly performed from the aspects of system-level prevention, BMS design, cooling system design, and the like. However, if thermal runaway of the cell occurs, thermal runaway of the system or failure of the entire battery module or battery pack is likely to occur, and the cell cannot be used continuously.
The triggering of thermal runaway in the battery pack relates to several factors including high temperature, oxidant and combustible substances, so that the triggering reason of the thermal runaway can be inhibited or restrained, and the safety of the battery pack is improved. However, the designed components of the lithium ion battery and the physical changes and chemical reactions performed inside the lithium ion battery are very complex, and the temperature control measures can only ensure that the probability of thermal runaway of the battery is reduced, but can not block or inhibit the thermal runaway behaviors such as quick charge, high-speed running, frequent starting, emergency braking and the like in a high-temperature environment. Frequent operation at higher temperature will shorten battery life, reduce battery performance, and battery system safety is poor, has the danger of battery burning and explosion.
In addition, with the rapid development of new energy automobiles, the power battery is widely applied in the field of automobiles, and meanwhile, the requirement for improving the safety of the battery is brought. The larger the charge-discharge rate of the power battery is, the faster the battery temperature rises. For the battery cell, the heat generated by the battery cell mainly comes from the chemical reaction inside the battery, and if the heat inside the battery cannot be led out in time, the inside of the battery cell is inevitably and rapidly increased. The temperature is raised to accelerate the chemical reaction, resulting in heat build-up and eventually possible explosion or fire. In addition, the electric power automobile inevitably has bumping or even collision accidents in work, and the battery pack can explode or cause fire.
At present, the common fire extinguishing method for the explosion and fire problems of the battery pack is to place fire extinguishing materials in a battery pack box body, and when a fire disaster occurs, a fire extinguishing agent in a control system is automatically sprayed into the battery box body, so that the purpose of good fire extinguishing can be achieved.
Therefore, the safety measures of the battery are urgently needed to be improved, the temperature reduction control measures are provided outside the battery pack, meanwhile, the flame-retardant and explosion-proof measures are adopted inside the battery, the combustion and explosion-proof processes are controlled from the source, and the safety risk is reduced more favorably.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above problems, the inventor of the present invention has conducted an intensive study, and the connection of the failure module is timely cut off by setting the control block inside the battery pack, so that when the remaining battery cells or the module normally work, the danger source is cut off, the safety protection unit filled with the protection medium is set inside the module, the explosion-proof layer and the explosion-proof shell are set outside, thereby delaying or inhibiting the temperature rise and the combustion process inside the battery pack, and thereby completing the present invention.
An object of the utility model is to provide a fire-retardant explosion-proof battery package, the battery package includes module, protective unit and the control unit.
The battery comprises a plurality of modules, each module comprises a plurality of battery cores, and when two or more battery cores are contained in the same module, the battery cores are connected in series or in parallel; the modules are connected in parallel, and the positive and negative electrodes of the modules are respectively connected with the positive and negative electrodes outside the battery pack through circuits.
The utility model discloses an in the preferred embodiment, the electricity core outside sets up fire-retardant layer, fire-retardant layer includes fire-retardant membrane and fire-retardant matter, and fire-retardant membrane parcel is outside at electric core, and sealed fire-retardant matter between electric core skin and fire-retardant membrane.
The protection unit contains a protection medium inside, and the protection unit is dispersedly arranged inside the module or on the periphery of the module.
The control unit comprises a sensor, a module circuit, a protection unit control block and a cut-off control block.
The battery pack also comprises an explosion-proof shell, wherein the explosion-proof shell is provided with an explosion position, and an explosion membrane is arranged at the explosion position; or the explosion-proof shell and the explosion position are integrated, the thickness of the explosion position is smaller than that of the shell of the explosion-proof shell, and regular grooves are machined.
The battery pack is provided with an elastic explosion-proof layer, and the explosion-proof layer comprises an outer layer explosion-proof bag, a mounting plate and an inner explosion-proof medium.
The utility model provides a battery pack has following beneficial effect:
(1) the utility model provides an inside the control unit that sets up of battery package can detect the temperature of electric core, pressure or the change of meeting an emergency, and the electric connection state of control module group in time appears abnormal state when electric core internal parameter, and the control unit can in time cut off the connecting circuit of electric core or module, prevents the malignant development of safe state of unusual electric core or module.
(2) The utility model provides an electricity core outside in the battery package sets up fire-retardant layer, can effectively absorb the heat of electricity core release to block the contact of electricity core and air, in time restrain or avoid the burning of electricity core.
(3) The utility model provides a battery package sets up the protection unit in the inside or the periphery of module, and the inside protective media that contains of protection unit under the control of the control unit, releases the protective media, blocks the air, absorbs the heat, further restraines the combustion process, prevents that the battery package from burning and exploding.
(4) The utility model provides a battery package outside sets up explosion-proof layer and explosion-proof shell, in case the battery package takes place to fire and explodes the phenomenon, further blocks the process of blasting from the skin, and the delayed combustion is exploded and is taken place, reduces dangerous grade.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of a single cell in the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a module according to the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of a protection unit in the module according to the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of a protection unit in a single module according to the present invention;
fig. 5 shows the distribution diagram of the module, the protection unit and the control unit in the middle of the battery pack of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1-a module;
11-electric core;
2-a protection unit;
3-a control unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments, and the features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and clear with the description.
The utility model provides a battery package has safety protection unit 2 and the control unit 3, can realize the cooling of electric core 11 in that the battery is inside, cuts off the connection of unusual electric core or module to improve the security and the continuous operation ability of battery package, when taking place the burning of high temperature on fire, provide fire-retardant environment, restrain the combustion process, realize explosion-proof function.
The utility model provides a fire-retardant explosion-proof battery package, the battery package includes module 1, protective unit 2 and the control unit 3.
The battery comprises a plurality of modules 1, each module 1 comprises a plurality of battery cells 11, and when two or more battery cells 11 are contained in the same module 1, the battery cells 11 are connected in series or in parallel; the modules 1 are connected in parallel, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the modules 1 are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode outside the battery pack through circuits. The module 1 is schematically shown in fig. 2.
The battery cell 11 is a single electrochemical cell containing a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and is selected from a hard shell battery cell, a soft package battery cell or a cylindrical battery cell, and is preferably a cylindrical battery cell, as shown in fig. 1.
The utility model discloses an in the preferred embodiment, electric core 11 outside sets up fire-retardant layer, fire-retardant layer includes fire-retardant membrane and fire-retardant matter, and fire-retardant membrane parcel is outside electric core 11, and sealed fire-retardant matter between electric core 11 outer layer and fire-retardant membrane. The flame-retardant film is made of flame-retardant and explosion-proof materials, such as metal foils, aluminum-plastic composite materials or fluoropolymer materials, and the flame-retardant substances are bicarbonate, silica gel, organic silica gel or fluorinated liquid.
When the internal temperature of the battery cell 11 rises, the bicarbonate can absorb heat to inhibit the temperature from rising rapidly, and when the temperature further rises, the bicarbonate further absorbs the heat and decomposes into carbon dioxide to prevent the battery cell 11 from contacting with air, thereby achieving the purpose of inhibiting combustion.
Silica gel has better thermal-insulated fire resistance, when the external temperature is too high, can play the effect of isolated external temperature.
The organic silica gel can keep elasticity and mechanical strength for a long time at the temperature of-50-200 ℃, so that the organic silica gel can play a role in buffering in the normal use process, the external impact is reduced, and the shock resistance of the battery is improved. In addition, the organic silica gel has strong corrosion resistance and electrical insulation, and can provide effective protection for the battery cell 11. At an extreme temperature of more than 450 ℃, the organic silica gel can be decomposed to generate flame retardant gas, so that the combustion of the battery cell 11 is delayed and inhibited, and the combustion and explosion of the battery pack are delayed and inhibited.
The fluorinated liquid has the characteristics of insulation, difficult combustion and good heat dissipation. When the temperature of the battery rises, the fluorinated liquid can absorb the heat released by the battery cell 11 and can be vaporized, so that the temperature of the battery cell 11 can be quickly reduced, and the generation of combustion explosion can be inhibited. And the vaporized fluorinated liquid can be gathered in the flame-retardant film to form an insulating protective layer to isolate air.
The flame-retardant layer is a single layer or a composite layer, and when the flame-retardant layer is a single layer, the flame-retardant property is preferably organic silica gel or fluorinated liquid, and more preferably fluorinated liquid; when the flame-retardant layer is a composite layer, two or more layers of flame-retardant materials are arranged and used cooperatively, preferably, the inner layer is a fluorinated liquid layer, the outer layer is an organic silicon adhesive layer, each layer of flame-retardant material is separated by a flame-retardant film, the inner layer of flame-retardant film is preferably a metal foil, and the outermost layer of flame-retardant film is preferably a fluoropolymer material. The volume of the fluorinated liquid is 1/4-1/2 of the volume of the flame-retardant layer, and is preferably 1/3.
The protection unit 2 contains a protection medium inside, and the protection unit 2 is dispersedly arranged inside the module 1 or on the periphery of the module 1. The protective medium is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of protective gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, helium and neon, bicarbonate or fluorinated liquid, and is preferably protective gas and/or fluorinated liquid. Preferably, the external dimension of the protection unit 2 is the same as the external dimension of the battery cell 11, and the distribution schematic diagram of the protection unit 2 in the module 1 is shown in fig. 3 and 4.
The protective unit 2 is externally packaged by a hot-fusible polymer material, can maintain mechanical properties at-50-200 ℃, and is subjected to melt fracture when the temperature is increased, so that a protective medium such as polyimide is released.
The control unit 3 comprises a sensor, a module circuit, a protection unit control block and a cut-off control block, and the module 1 is connected in parallel with the module 1 and connected with the control unit 3 through the module circuit. The control unit 3 is program controlled, for example, by a PLC, and a schematic diagram of a battery pack with the control unit 3 and the protection unit 2 is shown in fig. 5.
The sensor is temperature sensor, pressure sensor or strain sensor, sets up in module 1 the outside of electric core 11, transmits the signal of telecommunication for control unit 3 through the sensor. When the temperature, the pressure and the strain outside the battery cell 11 exceed the set ranges, the control unit 3 judges that the battery module 1 is abnormal, the protection unit control block destroys the outer package of the protection unit 2 to release the protection medium, and the disconnection control block cuts off the connection circuit of the abnormal module 1 to stop charging and discharging.
When the temperature, the pressure and the strain at the electric core 11 exceed the set range, the protection unit control block supplies power to the heating resistor arranged outside the protection unit 2 by controlling the relay, and locally heats the outer package of the protection unit 2 to cause the outer package to be locally molten and damaged, so that the protection medium in the protection unit 2 is released.
When the temperature, pressure, and strain at the battery cell 11 exceed the set ranges, the shutoff control block shuts off the charging circuit and the discharging circuit of the abnormal module 1 by controlling the relay. Because the modules 1 are connected in parallel, other modules 1 can still work normally after the circuit of the abnormal module 1 is cut off. Preferably, a standby module 1 is further provided, and when the circuit of the abnormal module 1 is cut off, the control unit 3 controls the relay to switch on the standby module 1 for operation.
The battery pack also comprises an explosion-proof shell, wherein the explosion-proof shell is provided with an explosion position, and an explosion membrane is arranged at the explosion position; or the explosion-proof shell and the explosion position are integrated, the thickness of the explosion position is smaller than that of the shell of the explosion-proof shell, and regular grooves, such as cross grooves, are machined. The connecting position of the explosion-proof shell and the outside is provided with a sealing part, such as a sealing ring. When the internal pressure of the battery pack is too large, the pressure can be released through the blasting position breaking through the explosion-proof shell, and when the blasting position is a regular groove, the blasting position can be uniformly torn, so that the risk degree of the battery pack bursting is reduced.
The battery pack is provided with an elastic explosion-proof layer, and the explosion-proof layer comprises an outer layer explosion-proof bag, a mounting plate and an inner explosion-proof medium. The elastic explosion-proof layer wraps the module 1, the protection unit 2 and the control unit 3 and is arranged on the inner side of the explosion-proof shell. The outer layer explosion-proof bag and the mounting plate are integrated.
The module 1, the protection unit 2 and the control unit 3 are fixed on the mounting plate and fixedly mounted on the explosion-proof shell. Preferably, the mounting plate is provided with a heat sink for conducting heat in the battery pack to the outside.
The explosion-proof bag is made of explosion-proof materials, such as fluoropolymer. The explosion-proof medium is added in the explosion-proof bag and is organic silica gel or fluorinated liquid, preferably fluorinated liquid. When inside module 1 is because control untimely when taking place the burning, the inside heat vaporization of battery package can be absorbed rapidly to the inside liquid of fluoridizing of explosion-proof bag to reduce the inside temperature of battery package rapidly, the explosion-proof bag is full of to the liquid of fluoridizing after the vaporization, forms insulating parcel to inside module and control unit, isolated air, suppression burning and explosion. The addition volume of the fluorinated liquid is 1/4-1/2 of the volume of the explosion-proof bag, and is preferably 1/3.
The utility model provides a set up unusual module and cut off the control block in the battery package, can in time cut off the electricity of problem electricity core or module and connect, and electricity core sets up fire-retardant layer, and inside sets up the protection unit, can the inside temperature of effective control, blocks the combustion process, effectively restraines battery package explosion process through outside explosion-proof layer and explosion-proof shell, provides effectual safety guarantee.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, but the description should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and embodiments thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all fall within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A flame-retardant and explosion-proof battery pack is characterized in that,
the battery pack comprises a module (1), a protection unit (2) and a control unit (3);
the battery comprises a plurality of modules (1), wherein each module (1) comprises a plurality of battery cores (11);
when two or more than two battery cells (11) are contained in the same module (1), the battery cells (11) are connected in series or in parallel, the modules (1) are connected in parallel, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the module (1) are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode outside the battery pack through circuits;
the battery cell (11) is externally provided with a flame-retardant layer, and the flame-retardant layer comprises a flame-retardant film and flame-retardant substances.
2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant film is wrapped outside the battery cell (11) to seal the flame retardant substance between the outer layer of the battery cell (11) and the flame retardant film;
the protection unit (2) internally contains a protection medium, and the protection unit (2) is dispersedly arranged inside the module (1) or on the periphery of the module (1).
3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the control unit (3) includes a sensor, a module circuit, a protection unit control block, and a cut-off control block.
4. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cells (11) are individual electrochemical cells comprising positive and negative electrodes selected from a hard shell cell, a soft pack cell or a cylindrical cell.
5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant layer is a single layer or a composite layer, and when the flame retardant layer is a composite layer, two or more flame retardant materials are provided and used in combination.
6. The battery pack according to claim 5,
when the flame-retardant layer is a composite layer, two layers of flame-retardant substances are arranged and used in a matching way, and each layer of flame-retardant substance is separated by a flame-retardant film.
7. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor or a strain sensor, is arranged outside the battery cell (11) in the module (1), and transmits the electric signal to the control unit (3) through the sensor.
8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery pack further comprises an explosion-proof housing, the explosion-proof housing is provided with an explosion site, and the explosion site is provided with a rupture disk.
9. The battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the explosion-proof housing is integrated with the explosion site, the explosion site has a thickness smaller than that of the housing of the explosion-proof housing, and the regular grooves are formed.
10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery pack is provided with an elastic explosion-proof layer, the explosion-proof layer comprises an outer explosion-proof bag, a mounting plate and an inner explosion-proof medium, the outer explosion-proof bag and the mounting plate are integrated, and the explosion-proof medium is added into the explosion-proof bag.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023051902.8U CN214254577U (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Flame-retardant and explosion-proof battery pack |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202023051902.8U CN214254577U (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Flame-retardant and explosion-proof battery pack |
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| CN214254577U true CN214254577U (en) | 2021-09-21 |
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| CN202023051902.8U Active CN214254577U (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Flame-retardant and explosion-proof battery pack |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114441977A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-06 | 重庆特斯联智慧科技股份有限公司 | Robot battery safety monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN115172954A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 成都盒电物联网科技有限公司 | Composite layer, unit and battery explosion-proof assembly for releasing gas |
| CN115332736A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-11 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Power battery and low-temperature self-heating circuit |
-
2020
- 2020-12-17 CN CN202023051902.8U patent/CN214254577U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114441977A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-06 | 重庆特斯联智慧科技股份有限公司 | Robot battery safety monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN114441977B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-04-05 | 重庆特斯联智慧科技股份有限公司 | Robot battery safety monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN115172954A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 成都盒电物联网科技有限公司 | Composite layer, unit and battery explosion-proof assembly for releasing gas |
| CN115332736A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-11 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Power battery and low-temperature self-heating circuit |
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