CN212700167U - Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack - Google Patents
Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN212700167U CN212700167U CN202021407071.0U CN202021407071U CN212700167U CN 212700167 U CN212700167 U CN 212700167U CN 202021407071 U CN202021407071 U CN 202021407071U CN 212700167 U CN212700167 U CN 212700167U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fire extinguishing
- battery
- fire
- film layer
- thermal runaway
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a passive fire extinguishing device and a battery pack. The extinguishing device shell is arranged on the end covers of the battery modules. Alternatively, the fire extinguishing device case may be provided to the safety valves of the plurality of battery cells. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, high-temperature and high-speed fluid sprayed from the end cover (or the safety valve) causes thermal shock and force shock to the fire extinguishing device shell. At this time, the fire extinguishing apparatus case at a position corresponding to the end cap (or the safety valve) is torn due to a decrease in mechanical strength. The fire extinguishing agent can be erupted from the breach to inside getting into thermal runaway battery module (or battery monomer) through end cover (or relief valve), and cover on thermal runaway battery monomer surface, carry out physics cooling, chemical fire-retardant interruption free radical chain formula reaction to thermal runaway battery monomer and gas of releasing, and dilute thermal runaway combustible gas of releasing. Therefore, the thermal runaway battery monomer can be extinguished in time, the thermal runaway battery can be accurately positioned, and the extinguishing efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a passive fire extinguishing device and a battery pack.
Background
The attention of the world to the problems of environmental protection, technical progress and energy safety is paid, so that the new energy electric vehicle becomes one of the most popular topics of the world, and is also used as a main vehicle for replacing the original fuel vehicle. Under the background, the energy density of lithium ion batteries used for new energy electric vehicles is continuously improved, and the battery scale is continuously enlarged. The thermal runaway risk and the damage degree of the lithium ion battery are increased more and more while the endurance mileage is improved. The risk of thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is widely considered as one of the key problems limiting the development of new energy vehicles, and how to ensure that the safety of the outside of the battery pack, vehicles and personnel can still be ensured under the condition that the thermal runaway occurs due to external action or internal triggering of the lithium ion battery system is urgent.
However, when the lithium ion battery is out of control, the conventional fire extinguishing device for the lithium ion battery mostly adopts structures such as a control valve, a fire extinguishing agent releasing pipeline, a sensor detecting device, a controller and the like to control the spraying of the fire extinguishing agent, so as to realize the fire extinguishing of the ignition point after the battery box is in fire. Therefore, the whole control system of the traditional lithium ion battery fire extinguishing device is complex in control structure, and cannot extinguish fire in time, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is low.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on this, the application provides a passive form extinguishing device and battery package.
A passive fire extinguishing device is applied to a battery pack, and the battery comprises a battery module. The battery module comprises a plurality of battery monomers, and the battery monomers are provided with safety valves. The battery module has an end cap. The passive fire suppression device includes a fire suppression device housing. The fire extinguishing device housing encloses a sealed space. And a fire extinguishing agent and compressed gas are arranged in the sealed space. The fire extinguishing device shell is used for being arranged on end covers of the battery modules or safety valves of the battery units.
In one embodiment, the fire suppression apparatus housing includes a sealing membrane layer and a first support membrane layer. The sealing film layer surrounds and forms the sealing space. The first supporting film layer is coated on the surface, far away from the fire extinguishing agent, of the sealing film layer. The first supporting membrane layer is used for being arranged on a plurality of end covers or a plurality of safety valves.
In one embodiment, the fire suppression apparatus housing further comprises a second support layer. The second support layer is disposed between the sealing film layer and the first support film layer. The second supporting layer is coated on the surface of the sealing film layer far away from the fire extinguishing agent.
In one embodiment, the fire suppression apparatus housing includes a housing and a plurality of melt film layer structures. The housing encloses the sealed space. The plurality of melt film layer structures are arranged on the shell at intervals. Each melt film layer structure is used for being arranged corresponding to each end cover or each safety valve in a one-to-one mode.
In one embodiment, each of the melt film layer structures includes a sealing film layer and a first support film layer. The sealing film layer is disposed adjacent to the fire suppressant. The first support membrane layer is disposed between the sealing membrane layer and the end cap or the safety valve.
In one embodiment, the passive fire suppression apparatus further comprises a barrier protection structure. The blocking protection structure is arranged on the surface of the fire extinguishing device shell, which is far away from the end cover or the safety valve.
In one embodiment, the barrier protection structure is a woven carbon nanofiber layer structure or a woven glass fiber layer structure.
In one embodiment, the woven pore size of the woven layer structure of carbon nanofibers is 300 to 2000 microns. Or the woven pore size of the glass fiber woven layer structure is 300-2000 micrometers.
In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing device housing is provided with a filling opening for filling and discharging the fire extinguishing agent and the compressed gas.
In one embodiment, a battery pack. The battery pack comprises a battery pack box body and a plurality of battery modules. The battery pack box body surrounds and forms a battery placing space. A plurality of battery module interval set up in the battery is placed in the space. The fire extinguishing device shell is arranged in the battery placing space. And the fire extinguishing device shell is arranged between the end covers of the plurality of battery modules and the battery pack box body. The fire extinguishing device housing encloses a sealed space. And a fire extinguishing agent and compressed gas are arranged in the sealed space and are used for extinguishing fire when the battery is out of control due to heat.
The fire extinguishing device and the battery pack. The fire extinguishing device shell is arranged on a plurality of end covers of the battery modules. Alternatively, the fire extinguishing device case may be provided to a safety valve of the plurality of battery cells. When thermal runaway of the battery cells occurs, high-temperature and high-speed fluid sprayed from an end cover (or a safety valve of the battery cells) of the battery module forms thermal shock and force shock on the fire extinguishing device shell. At this time, the fire extinguishing apparatus case at a position corresponding to the end cap of the battery module (or the safety valve of the battery cell) is torn due to a decrease in mechanical strength. The fire extinguishing apparatus housing is damaged or melted to form a crack (melt opening).
The fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out of the crack, enters the interior of the thermal runaway battery module (or the battery cell) through the end cover (or the safety valve), and covers the surface of the thermal runaway battery cell. And then, the fire extinguishing agent sprayed out of the fire extinguishing device shell can physically cool the thermal runaway battery monomer and the released gas. And the fire extinguishing agent absorbs heat to decompose gas phase and reduce temperature, and chemical flame retardance interrupts free radical chain reaction. Meanwhile, inert gas generated by volatilization of the fire extinguishing agent and decomposition of the fire extinguishing agent dilutes the thermal runaway combustible release gas.
Therefore, the fire extinguishing apparatus housing is disposed at an end cap (or a safety valve) of a plurality of battery modules (or battery cells), and the fire extinguishing agent can be sprayed to the end cap or the safety valve in time. The fire extinguishing agent sprayed out of the fire extinguishing device shell is used for cold extraction of the thermal runaway battery module (or the battery monomer) and chemical flame retardance of gas released by the thermal runaway battery monomer. At the moment, through the passive fire extinguishing device, the whole process from thermal runaway of the battery monomer to fire extinguishing of the fire extinguishing agent belongs to a passive triggering process, and a control system is not needed. Moreover, the passive fire extinguishing device can extinguish fire in time, the fire extinguishing time is short, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is further improved. Meanwhile, the fire extinguishing device shell is arranged at the position of the end covers of the battery modules or the safety valves of the battery monomers, the corresponding position of the fire extinguishing device shell can be triggered in time after the battery monomers are out of control due to heat, the fire extinguishing agent is released to extinguish fire, the battery out of control due to heat can be accurately positioned, and the refrigeration effect is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional technologies will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive fire extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive fire extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a partial structural schematic view of the barrier protection structure and the fire extinguishing apparatus housing shown in fig. 6 provided by the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a barrier protection structure in an embodiment provided in the present application.
Description of reference numerals:
the passive fire extinguishing device 100, the fire extinguishing device shell 10, the fire extinguishing agent 110, the first gap 121, the second gap 122, the first supporting film layer 131, the second supporting layer 132, the sealing film layer 133, the shell 134, the melt film layer structure 130, the filling port 140, the barrier protection structure 20, the first barrier layer 210, the second barrier layer 220, the third barrier layer 230, the normal battery module 310, the thermal runaway battery module 320, the end cap 330, the battery pack 40, the battery pack pressure relief valve 410 and the battery pack box body 420.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and that modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive fire extinguishing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The passive fire extinguishing apparatus 100 is applied to the battery pack 40 for extinguishing fire. The battery pack 40 includes a battery module 310. The battery module 310 includes a plurality of battery cells (not shown). The battery monomer is provided with a safety valve. The battery module 310 has an end cap 330.
The passive fire suppression device 100 includes a fire suppression device housing 10. The fire extinguishing unit housing 10 encloses a sealed space. The sealed space is provided with a fire extinguishing agent 110 and a compressed gas. The fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 is used to install an end cap 330 of a plurality of battery modules 310 or a safety valve of a plurality of battery cells. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the end cap 330 or the safety valve is opened, the fire extinguishing device case 10 is ruptured, and the fire extinguishing agent 110 is sprayed toward the end cap 330 or the safety valve.
In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing agent 110 may be a liquid fire extinguishing agent, such as a water-based fire extinguishing agent, perfluorohexanone, or granular sodium polyacrylate hydrogel, or the like. The compressed gas may be high-pressure inert gas such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, etc., and may also be understood as a motive gas. The compressed gas may push the fire extinguishing agent 110 outward. The pressure of the sealed space formed by the fire extinguishing device housing 10 is set to the rated ram pressure. The rated punching pressure can be 0.3Mpa to 6Mpapa to adapt to the conditions of low pressure and medium pressure.
The fire extinguishing device case 10 is provided to the end caps 330 of the plurality of battery modules 310. The fire extinguishing device case 10 may be provided with a safety valve for a plurality of the battery cells. It is understood that the reference numeral 310 in fig. 1 may refer to a battery module or a battery cell. As shown in fig. 1, a battery module (or a battery cell) in which thermal runaway does not occur normally is designated as a normal battery module 310, and a battery module (or a battery cell) in which thermal runaway occurs is designated as a thermal runaway battery module 320. When thermal runaway of the battery cells occurs, high-temperature and high-speed fluid sprayed from the end cap 330 of the thermal runaway battery module 320 (or the safety valve of the battery cell) forms thermal shock and force impact on the fire extinguishing device housing 10. At this time, the fire extinguishing device case 10 (the positions marked with the first and second slits 121 and 122 in fig. 1) corresponding to the end cap 330 (or the safety valve of the battery cell) of the thermal runaway battery module 320 is torn. The fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 is damaged or melted to form the first and second slits 121 and 122.
At the same time, the extinguishing device housing 10 is provided with compressed gas and a rated ram pressure. The fire extinguishing agent 110 is sprayed out of the gaps (such as the first gap 121 and the second gap 122 in fig. 1), and enters the interior of the thermal runaway battery module (or battery cell) 320 through the end cap (or safety valve) 330, and covers the surface of the thermal runaway battery cell. Further, the fire extinguishing agent 110 sprayed out of the fire extinguishing device housing 10 physically cools the thermal runaway cell and the released gas. Moreover, the fire extinguishing agent 110 can absorb heat to decompose gas phase and reduce temperature, and chemical flame retardance interrupts free radical chain reaction. Meanwhile, inert gas generated by volatilization of the fire extinguishing agent 110 and decomposition of the fire extinguishing agent dilutes the thermal runaway combustible release gas.
Therefore, the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 is provided to the end cap (or safety valve) 330 of the plurality of battery modules (or battery cells) 310, and the fire extinguishing agent 110 can be sprayed to the end cap or the safety valve in time. The fire extinguishing agent 110 sprayed out of the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 cools and extracts the thermal runaway battery module (or battery cell) 320, and chemically retards the gas released by the thermal runaway battery module (or battery cell) 320. At this time, the passive fire extinguishing apparatus 100 is a passive triggering process, in which the whole process from the thermal runaway of the battery cell to the fire extinguishing by the fire extinguishing agent 110 is performed, and a control system is not required. Moreover, the passive fire extinguishing apparatus 100 can extinguish fire in time, so that the fire extinguishing time is short, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is further improved. Meanwhile, the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 is disposed at the end caps 330 of the plurality of battery modules 310 or the safety valves of the plurality of battery cells, and the battery cells can trigger the corresponding position of the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 in time after thermal runaway occurs, so as to release the fire extinguishing agent 110 to extinguish fire, so that the thermal runaway batteries can be accurately positioned, and the refrigeration effect is high.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. The fire extinguishing device housing 10 includes a sealing film layer 133 and a first supporting film layer 131. The sealing film layer 133 surrounds and forms the sealed space. The first supporting film layer 131 covers the surface of the sealing film layer 133 away from the fire extinguishing agent 110. The first supporting film 131 is used to be disposed on a plurality of the end caps 330 or a plurality of the safety valves.
In this embodiment, the sealing film layer 133 may be an aluminum foil, a tin foil, a copper foil, or the like. The first support film layer 131 may be a polymer material such as PE and PC, such as a plastic film. At this time, the melting point of the first support film layer 131 is in the range of 70 ℃ to 110 ℃, and the temperature may be selected. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, high-temperature and high-speed fluid sprayed from the end cap 330 of the thermal runaway battery module 320 (or the safety valve of the battery cell) decomposes the sealing film layer 133 and the first supporting film layer 131 to form corresponding cracks (fusion ports), such as the first crack 121 and the second crack 122 in fig. 1.
The sealing film layer 133 surrounds and forms the sealed space. For placing the fire extinguishing agent 110. The fire extinguishing agent 110 is wrapped by the sealing film layer 133, preventing the fire extinguishing agent 110 from leaking. The first supporting film layer 131 covers the sealing film layer 133, and supports the fire extinguishing agent 110, so as to prevent the fire extinguishing device shell 10 from being broken by high-pressure gas, and further protect and support the fire extinguishing device shell. Thus, when the battery cell is normal, the fire extinguishing agent 110 may be ensured not to leak through the sealing film layer 133 and the first support film layer 131.
Meanwhile, the first support film 131 is disposed on a plurality of the end caps (or safety valves) 330. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, after the end cover 330 or the safety valve is opened, high-temperature and high-speed fluid can directly and rapidly burst through the fire extinguishing device shell 10. Further, the fire extinguishing agent 110 is sprayed from the fire extinguishing device case 10 toward the end cap (or the safety valve) 330, and thus a fire is rapidly extinguished in time.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the sealing film layer 133 may be between 0 mm and 1 mm. The thickness of the first support film layer 131 may be between 0 mm and 2 mm. The thickness of the first support film layer 131 is greater than the thickness of the sealing film layer 133. The thickness of the sealing film layer 133 and the thickness of the first supporting film layer 131 can facilitate the fire extinguishing agent 110 to be sprayed out from the fire extinguishing device housing 10.
Meanwhile, the first supporting film layer 131 and the sealing film layer 133 can protect and support the fire extinguishing agent 110, so that leakage of the single battery is avoided.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the fire suppression apparatus housing 10 further comprises a second support layer 132. The second support layer 132 is disposed between the sealing film layer 133 and the first support film layer 131. The second supporting layer 132 covers the surface of the sealing film layer 133 away from the fire extinguishing agent 110.
In this embodiment, the second supporting layer 132 covers the sealing film layer 133. The first support film layer 131 wraps the second support layer 132. The first support film layer 131, the second support layer 132, and the sealing film layer 133 form the fire extinguishing device housing 10. The second support layer 132 may be a composite woven layer. The composite woven layer can be a composite film layer formed by aluminum foil, tin foil, copper foil and other polymer materials such as PE, PC and the like. In one embodiment, the composite woven layer is an aluminum plastic film formed by compounding an aluminum foil and a plastic film.
In this embodiment, the second support layer 132 has both the characteristics of the sealing film layer 133 and the characteristics of the first support film layer 131, and can prevent the fire extinguishing agent 110 from leaking and support the fire extinguishing agent. The second supporting layer 132 is a composite woven layer, and is disposed between the sealing film layer 133 and the first supporting film layer 131, so as to be better bonded to the sealing film layer 133 and the first supporting film layer 131.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the fire suppression apparatus housing 10 includes a housing 134 and a plurality of melt film layer structures 130. The housing 134 encloses the sealed space. A plurality of the melt film layer structures 130 are disposed at intervals in the housing 134. Each of the melt film layer structures 130 is configured to be disposed in one-to-one correspondence with each of the end caps 330 or each of the safety valves.
In this embodiment, the housing 134 may be made of a material with a high melting point, such as copper or iron. A plurality of the melt film layer structures 130 are arranged at intervals in the casing 134, and it can be understood that: the housing 134, the plurality of melt film layer structures 130, surround to form the sealed space for placing the fire extinguishing agent 110. Each of the melt film layer structures 130 is provided in one-to-one correspondence with each of the end caps (or the safety valves) 330. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, high-temperature and high-speed fluid sprayed from the end cap 330 of the thermal runaway battery module 320 (or a safety valve of the battery cell) directly performs thermal shock and force impact on the melt film layer structure 130. At this time, a crack (melt opening) is formed at the position of the melt film layer structure 130. Meanwhile, one of the melt film layer structures 130 is disposed corresponding to one of the end caps (or the safety valves) 330, and the fire extinguishing agent 110 in the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 is directly sprayed to the end cap (or the safety valve) 330, so that fire can be extinguished more specifically, a thermal runaway battery can be accurately positioned without a complicated control system, and the refrigeration effect is high.
Meanwhile, the fire extinguishing device case 10 forms the case 134 except for the position corresponding to the end cap (or the safety valve) 330. The housing 134 may support the entire fire suppression device housing 10 and provide a seal against the fire suppressant 110. The housing 134 may have a rigid structure, so that the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 may be prevented from being rubbed during the driving of the vehicle to prevent the leakage of the fire extinguishing agent. Further, the case 134 can be fixed to the battery pack case to stabilize the fire extinguishing device case 10 and prevent the position from being displaced. Furthermore, the fire extinguishing agent 110 can be more precisely sprayed to the end cap (or the safety valve) 330 through the melt film layer structure 130, thereby extinguishing fire.
In one embodiment, each of the melt film layer structures 130 includes a sealing film layer 133 and a first support film layer 131. The sealing film layer 133 is disposed adjacent to the fire extinguishing agent 110. The first support membrane layer 131 is disposed between the sealing membrane layer 133 and the end cap 330 or the safety valve.
In this embodiment, the sealing film layer 133 may be an aluminum foil, a tin foil, a copper foil, or the like. The first support film layer 131 may be a polymer material such as PE and PC, such as a plastic film. The melting point of the first support film layer 131 is in the range of 70 ℃ to 110 ℃, and the temperature is selectable. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the sealing film layer 133 and the first support film layer 131 are ruptured by high-temperature and high-speed fluid sprayed from the end cap 330 (or a safety valve of the battery cell) of the thermal runaway battery module 320, and a corresponding crack (melt opening) is formed. When thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, after the end cap (or the safety valve) 330 is opened, the melt film layer structure 130 can be directly and rapidly broken, so that the fire extinguishing agent 110 is sprayed to the end cap (or the safety valve) 330 to rapidly extinguish fire in time.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. Each of the melt film layer structures 130 further includes a second support layer 132. The second support layer 132 is disposed between the sealing film layer 133 and the first support film layer 131.
In one embodiment, the second support layer 132 may be a composite knit layer. The composite woven layer can be a composite film layer formed by aluminum foil, tin foil, copper foil and other polymer materials such as PE, PC and the like. In one embodiment, the composite film layer is an aluminum plastic film formed by compounding aluminum foil and plastic. The second support layer 132, which has both the characteristics of the sealing film layer 133 and the characteristics of the first support film layer 131, may play a role in preventing leakage of the fire extinguishing agent 110 and in supporting. Also, the second support layer 132 may be preferably bonded to the sealing film layer 133 and the first support film layer 131.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 7 is a partial schematic structural view of the relative positions of the fire extinguishing unit housing 10, the barrier protection structure 20 and the end cap 330 (or safety valve) according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the passive fire suppression apparatus 100 further comprises a barrier protection structure 20. The insulation protection structure 20 is disposed on the surface of the fire extinguishing unit housing 10 away from the end cap 330 or the safety valve.
In this embodiment, the blocking protection structure 20 is disposed on the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 far away from the surface, and can support, protect and fix the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10. During the running process of the vehicle, the abrasion of the ground vibration to the fire extinguishing device shell 10 is reduced, and meanwhile, the fire extinguishing device shell 10 is fixed to prevent the fire extinguishing device shell 10 from sliding.
In one embodiment, the barrier protection structure 20 may be a layer of fiber, asbestos, fiberglass, or the like. In one embodiment, the barrier protection structure 20 may be a fiber layer woven from carbon nanofibers or glass fibers. When battery monomer takes place lithium cell thermal runaway, through the fibrous layer can filter thermal runaway release gas, reserves high-energy solid particulate matter in the fibrous layer, further reduces and releases gas temperature. Simultaneously, through fibrous layer is with high-energy solid particle thing remain in fibrous layer, avoids releasing to cause the pollution in the air.
In one embodiment, the barrier protection structure 20 is a woven carbon nanofiber layer or a woven glass fiber layer. The weaving aperture of the carbon nanofiber weaving layer structure is 300-2000 microns. Or the woven pore size of the glass fiber woven layer structure is 300-2000 micrometers.
In this embodiment, through the establishment aperture of carbon nanofiber weaving layer structure, perhaps the establishment aperture of glass fiber weaving layer structure sets up 300 microns to 2000 microns, can filter thermal runaway release gas, leaves high-energy solid particulate matter in separation protection architecture 20. Moreover, when thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, the blocking protection structure 20 covers the surface of the end cap 330 (or the safety valve), so that the eruption can be isolated from air, combustible mixed gas and sparks in the eruption are prevented from contacting with the air, and condition factors of combustion and ignition are reduced.
In one embodiment, the barrier protection structure 20 is fixed to the fire extinguishing unit housing 10 by means of bonding. The fire extinguishing device shell 10 is supported and fixed by the blocking protection structure 20.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a barrier protection structure 20 according to an embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the barrier protection structure 20 includes a first barrier layer 210, a second barrier layer 220, and a third barrier layer 230. The first barrier layer 210 is disposed on a surface of the fire extinguishing unit housing 10 away from the end cap (or safety valve) 330. The second barrier layer 220 is disposed on the surface of the first barrier layer 210 away from the fire extinguishing device housing 10. The third barrier layer 230 is disposed on a surface of the second barrier layer 220 away from the first barrier layer 210.
At this time, the third barrier layer 230 is in contact with the battery pack case 420. The first barrier layer 210 can block flames generated by methane, hydrogen, acetylene, and a mixture of combustible gas and oxygen in the eruption gas in the thermal runaway eruption. The second barrier layer 220 can provide a fixed absorption of energetic solid particulates in thermal runaway spray. The third barrier layer 230 may filter dust particles.
Therefore, the first barrier layer 210, the second barrier layer 220 and the third barrier layer 230 in the barrier protection structure 20 perform multi-layer control on the thermal runaway spray, thereby playing a role in multi-surface protection. The first barrier layer 210, the second barrier layer 220, and the third barrier layer 230 may be made of fiber, asbestos, or glass fiber. The braided pore size of the barrier layer can be defined differently to achieve the function of each layer according to the functional characteristics of each barrier layer.
In one embodiment, the fire extinguishing device housing 10 is provided with a filling port 140 for filling and discharging the fire extinguishing agent 110 with the compressed gas.
In this embodiment, a proper amount of fire extinguishing agent 110, such as perfluorohexanone, is filled into the sealed space enclosed by the fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 through the filling port 140. Simultaneously, vacuum is pumped through the filling port 140, and high-pressure inert gas is injected into the sealed space to form N2For example, and repeat 2-3 times or so. Vacuumizing again, filling a proper amount of liquid fire extinguishing agent perfluorohexanone through the filling port 140, and filling nitrogen to reach the rated filling pressure. Finally, the filling opening 140 is sealed.
Therefore, the passive fire extinguishing device 100 has a simple system structure, can extinguish the thermal runaway battery without an auxiliary control system, a fluid flow pipeline and a valve body, and is low in cost and convenient to arrange.
One embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack 40. The battery pack 40 includes a battery pack case 420 and a plurality of battery modules 310. The battery pack case 420 surrounds to form a battery accommodating space. A plurality of the battery modules 310 are disposed at intervals in the battery accommodating space. The fire extinguishing apparatus case 10 is provided in the battery placing space. And the fire extinguishing device case 10 is provided to the end caps 330 of the plurality of battery modules 310. The fire extinguishing apparatus housing 10 is enclosed to form a sealed space in which a fire extinguishing agent 110 and compressed gas are provided for extinguishing a fire when thermal runaway of the battery occurs.
In this embodiment, the fire extinguishing apparatus case 10 provided with the fire extinguishing agent 110 is disposed between the battery pack case 420 and the end caps 330 of the plurality of battery modules 310. Further, when thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the fire extinguishing agent 110 can be sprayed to the end cap 330 in time. The fire extinguishing agent 110 sprayed out of the fire extinguishing device shell 10 is used for cold extraction of the thermal runaway battery monomer in the thermal runaway battery module, and chemical flame retardance is performed on gas released by the thermal runaway battery monomer. At this time, the passive fire extinguishing apparatus 100 is a passive triggering process, in which the whole process from the thermal runaway of the battery cell to the fire extinguishing by the fire extinguishing agent 110 is performed, and a control system is not required. Meanwhile, the fire extinguishing apparatus shell 10 is arranged at the position of the end cover 330 of the plurality of battery modules 310, and after thermal runaway of the battery monomer occurs, the corresponding position of the fire extinguishing apparatus shell 10 is triggered in time to release the fire extinguishing agent 110 for fire extinguishing, so that the thermal runaway battery can be accurately positioned, and the refrigeration effect is high.
In one embodiment, the battery pack 40 further includes the barrier protection structure 20 disposed between the fire extinguishing device housing 10 and the battery pack case 420. The fire extinguishing device housing 10 can be supported, protected and fixed by the barrier protection structure 20. During the running process of the vehicle, the abrasion of the ground vibration to the fire extinguishing device shell 10 is reduced, and meanwhile, the fire extinguishing device shell 10 is fixed to prevent the fire extinguishing device shell 10 from sliding.
And, when battery monomer takes place lithium cell thermal runaway, can filter thermal runaway release gas through separation protection architecture 20, remain high-energy solid particle thing in the fibrous layer, further reduce and release gas temperature. Meanwhile, the high-energy solid particles are retained in the fiber layer through the blocking protection structure 20, and pollution caused by release of the high-energy solid particles into the air is avoided.
In one embodiment, the battery pack 40 further includes a battery pack pressure relief valve 410. The battery pack pressure relief valve 410 is disposed on the battery pack case 420 and is disposed near one side of the blocking protection structure 20 (fiber layer).
In one embodiment, the battery pack 40 includes the passive fire extinguishing apparatus 100 according to any of the above embodiments, and the embodiments can be combined with each other to extinguish fire.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a passive form extinguishing device, is applied to the battery package, the battery includes the battery module, the battery module includes a plurality of battery monomer, the battery monomer is provided with the relief valve, the battery module has the end cover, its characterized in that, passive form extinguishing device includes:
the fire extinguishing device comprises a fire extinguishing device shell, a fire extinguishing agent and compressed gas, wherein a sealed space is formed by surrounding the fire extinguishing device shell, and the fire extinguishing agent and the compressed gas are arranged in the sealed space;
the fire extinguishing device shell is used for being arranged on end covers of the battery modules or safety valves of the battery units.
2. A passive fire suppression device according to claim 1, wherein the fire suppression device housing comprises:
a sealing film layer surrounding the sealing space;
the first supporting film layer is coated on the surface, far away from the fire extinguishing agent, of the sealing film layer and is used for being arranged on the end covers or the safety valves.
3. The passive fire suppression apparatus of claim 2, wherein the fire suppression apparatus housing further comprises a second support layer disposed between the sealing membrane layer and the first support membrane layer and covering a surface of the sealing membrane layer away from the fire suppressant.
4. A passive fire suppression device according to claim 1, wherein the fire suppression device housing comprises:
a housing enclosing the sealed space;
the plurality of melt film layer structures are arranged on the shell at intervals;
each melt film layer structure is used for being arranged corresponding to each end cover or each safety valve in a one-to-one mode.
5. A passive fire suppression device according to claim 4, wherein each of the melt film layer structures comprises:
a sealing membrane layer disposed adjacent to the fire suppressant;
a first support membrane layer disposed between the sealing membrane layer and the end cap or the safety valve.
6. The passive fire suppression apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
and the blocking protection structure is arranged on the surface of the fire extinguishing device shell, which is far away from the end cover or the safety valve.
7. The passive fire suppression device of claim 6, wherein the barrier protection structure is a carbon nanofiber braid layer structure or a glass fiber braid layer structure.
8. The passive fire suppression device of claim 7, wherein the woven pore size of the carbon nanofiber woven layer structure is 300 to 2000 microns;
or the woven pore size of the glass fiber woven layer structure is 300-2000 micrometers.
9. Passive fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing apparatus housing is provided with a charging opening for charging and discharging the fire extinguishing agent with the compressed gas.
10. A battery pack, comprising:
the battery pack box body surrounds and forms a battery placing space;
the plurality of battery modules are arranged in the battery placing space at intervals;
the fire extinguishing device shell is arranged in the battery placing space and is arranged between the end covers of the battery modules and the battery pack box body;
the fire extinguishing device shell surrounds to form a sealed space, and a fire extinguishing agent and compressed gas are arranged in the sealed space and used for extinguishing fire when the battery is out of control due to heat.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021407071.0U CN212700167U (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
| PCT/CN2021/105652 WO2022012449A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2021-07-12 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021407071.0U CN212700167U (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212700167U true CN212700167U (en) | 2021-03-16 |
Family
ID=74906406
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021407071.0U Active CN212700167U (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212700167U (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113517112A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-10-19 | 江苏凡高电气有限公司 | Anti-leakage and fireproof oil-immersed transformer |
| WO2022012449A1 (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-20 | 哲弗智能系统（上海）有限公司 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
| WO2023042505A1 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-23 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Battery pack |
| WO2023047741A1 (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-30 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Battery pack |
| WO2023128422A1 (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-06 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | Battery pack with improved safety |
| WO2023177196A1 (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-21 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | Battery module |
-
2020
- 2020-07-16 CN CN202021407071.0U patent/CN212700167U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022012449A1 (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-01-20 | 哲弗智能系统（上海）有限公司 | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack |
| CN113517112A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-10-19 | 江苏凡高电气有限公司 | Anti-leakage and fireproof oil-immersed transformer |
| WO2023042505A1 (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2023-03-23 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Battery pack |
| WO2023047741A1 (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-30 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Battery pack |
| WO2023128422A1 (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-06 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | Battery pack with improved safety |
| WO2023177196A1 (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-21 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | Battery module |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN212700167U (en) | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack | |
| CN114010988A (en) | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack | |
| WO2022012449A1 (en) | Passive fire extinguishing device and battery pack | |
| CN110433419B (en) | Lithium battery thermal runaway fire suppression capsule and lithium ion battery | |
| JP5618641B2 (en) | Fire extinguisher | |
| CN103474599B (en) | Lithium ion battery with desired Safety performance and battery pack | |
| CN112103445B (en) | Fire fighting device, box body assembly, battery, electric device and battery preparation method | |
| JP5974520B2 (en) | Power storage device and power storage module | |
| CN112103444B (en) | Battery, electric equipment and manufacturing method of battery | |
| AU2020384096B2 (en) | Battery box, fabrication method therefor and apparatus containing battery box | |
| JP2009212081A (en) | Battery pack, electronic apparatus equipped with the same and electronic apparatus equipped with battery housing part | |
| CN214254577U (en) | Flame-retardant and explosion-proof battery pack | |
| CN204946962U (en) | A kind of power brick with fire-retarding device | |
| CN105609684A (en) | Inflaming retarding and explosion-proof device of lithium battery module | |
| WO2023011399A1 (en) | Battery safety apparatus and centralized safety processing system for energy storage device | |
| JP2022133893A (en) | Power storage device structure body | |
| KR102625181B1 (en) | Fire fighting devices, case assemblies, batteries, electrical devices and methods of manufacturing batteries | |
| CN111359118A (en) | Non-pressure-storage type automatic fire extinguishing device for lithium battery fire | |
| CN219739200U (en) | Battery module, battery pack and electronic equipment | |
| CN212141207U (en) | Non-pressure-storage type automatic fire extinguishing device for lithium battery fire | |
| CN207384645U (en) | A kind of extinguishing device being fixed on inside new energy electric car battery case | |
| CN221126070U (en) | Box, battery and electric equipment | |
| CN216624408U (en) | Explosion-proof type lithium cell group structure | |
| CN221015342U (en) | Thermal runaway flue gas treatment device | |
| CN219917476U (en) | Explosion-proof valve of electric core and lithium cell |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |