CN104218194B - A kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device and the electric car using the battery - Google Patents
A kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device and the electric car using the battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN104218194B CN104218194B CN201410369664.5A CN201410369664A CN104218194B CN 104218194 B CN104218194 B CN 104218194B CN 201410369664 A CN201410369664 A CN 201410369664A CN 104218194 B CN104218194 B CN 104218194B
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- lithium battery
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- -1 carbonic acid Hydrogen salt Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005586 carbonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
- H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, the lithium battery includes battery core group, battery core sheath and shell, battery core group is placed in battery core sheath, battery core sheath is placed in shell, filled with the endothermic reaction can occur and produce the fire extinguishing material of carbon dioxide in the gap of battery core sheath and shell, for the battery core sheath with being filled with damping fire proofing in the gap of battery core group, shell is equipped with dredging hole.The present apparatus during lithium battery uses using it is heated when the endothermic reaction can occur and produce the fire extinguishing material of carbon dioxide be used as working media, absorbed heat to battery and starvation, and inner pressure of battery can be regulated and controled in time, by using above comprehensive protecting method, it can effectively prevent the accidents such as on fire, explosion from occurring, substantially reduce the security risk that battery uses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium battery and its application product with fireproof anti-explosion device, more specifically, it is related to
A kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device and the electric car using the battery.
Background technology
Since non-renewable energy resources crisis and environmental pollution are serious, the whole world accelerates the hair of environmentally protective high-performance lithium battery
Exhibition, the application field of lithium battery extend to the fields such as traffic power, energy storage, space flight, communication spare power supplies by digital product field,
People also develop into up to a hundred or even thousands of ampere-hours to the demand of lithium battery by hundreds of original milliampere hour, with carrying for capacity
Rising, safety problem is it will be more difficult to control, therefore high-capacity lithium battery security is the problem of numerous enterprises research now, if
It can resolve that lithium battery is on fire, explode this global problem, the application of lithium battery will enter faster wider array of developing stage.
The invention of Publication No. CN102044715A disclosed a kind of explosion-proof equipment of lithium battery on May 4th, 2011, it includes lithium battery
Structure including housing, positive electrode, negative electrode, sheet rubber, lithium battery casing are equipped with venthole, are covered on venthole and fixed
There is sheet rubber, the thickness of sheet rubber is 0.5-5mm.Due to using sheet rubber as explosion-proof valve, without in addition open up liquid injection hole to
Injection electrolyte and nitrogen, liquid injection hole and explosion-proof valve are integrated, simple in structure, cost is low, operation easy to process in battery
Simply；In use, only need to inwardly inject electrolyte and nitrogen through sheet rubber with needle tubing, after extracting syringe needle, sheet rubber is utilized
Enclosed elastic pin hole, reaches electrolyte and nitrogen does not leak, lithium battery normal work.The invention is suitable for variously-shaped and not
The lithium battery of stack pile.But lithium battery occur explosion mainly due to short circuit, because overcharging or environment temperature is excessive leads
The reasons such as the heat dissipation of cause is not smooth cause so-called " thermal runaway " problem, " thermal runaway " and then trigger inner pressure of battery to increase severely, so as to cause
Explosion, therefore prevent lithium battery explosion from not only to drain internal pressure in time, it should also start with from temperature control link, various aspects, which are taken, arranges
The explosion-proof target of lithium battery could more effectively be reached by applying, and the invention is only laid particular emphasis on by venthole and explosion-proof valve pressure release, and
It is not to use more fully safeguard procedures, therefore it is relatively limited to produce effects.
The content of the invention
Lithium battery easily because short circuit, heat dissipation is bad the problems such as cause explosion on fire, and existing lithium battery is fire-proof and explosion-proof arranges
Applying limitedly can only improve subproblem and be unable to comprehensively solve problem, and to overcome this defect, the present invention provides a kind of pin
The fire-proof and explosion-proof function of explosion origin cause of formation reinforcing on fire to lithium battery has the lithium battery of fireproof anti-explosion device and using the battery
Electric car.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, the lithium battery include battery core group,
Battery core sheath and shell, battery core group are placed in battery core sheath, and battery core sheath is placed in shell, in the gap of battery core sheath and shell
Filled with the endothermic reaction can occur and produce the fire extinguishing material of carbon dioxide, the battery core sheath in the gap of battery core group with filling
There is damping fire proofing, shell is equipped with dredging hole.The present apparatus carries out dependent response formula for the mechanism of lithium battery explosion on fire
Work, i.e., by the rise of lithium battery electric core temperature, make fire extinguishing material react, and material of on the one hand putting out a fire absorbs heat when reacting,
The heat absorption that lithium battery is generated, it is quickly elevated to play the role of suppression temperature；On the other hand, material reaction life of putting out a fire is utilized
Into carbon dioxide progressively squeeze the oxygen of inside battery, eliminate the key element for supporting that battery core is burnt, fired so as to reach suppression
The purpose of burning；Furthermore using put out a fire material absorbing and cooling temperature while by dredging hole by original air in shell and later
The carbon dioxide of generation is discharged in time, keeps inner pressure of battery stabilization in a level of security；In addition, damping fire proofing can disappear
The external impact that weak battery carrier is introduced by residing poor environment, preferably keeps the stabilization of battery core group, avoids because of acutely shake
It is dynamic to cause short circuit, while the fire resistance of damping fire proofing also contributes to prevent unexpected battery core group harm extension on fire.
By above-mentioned measure, the present apparatus can effectively prevent lithium battery explosion on fire, greatly improve lithium battery safety in utilization.Fire extinguishing material
Material can be a kind of composition, react generation carbon dioxide by selfdecomposition.
Preferably, the dredging hole is equipped with relief valve, relief valve includes valve body and active valve block, screw thread on valve body opening
Valve deck is connected with, bonnet central is equipped with central through hole, and the valve chamber of up big and down small taper type is equipped with valve body, and active valve block is also in
Taper type is simultaneously adaptedly slideably positioned in valve chamber, a compression spring is equipped between valve deck and active valve block, compression spring one end is hooked in activity
On valve block, the other end is connected to valve deck bottom surface, and compression spring circle circle outside diameter is more than central through hole diameter.In its natural state, moving valve
Block is extruded by compression spring, is pressed in valve chamber, blocks valve chamber.When enclosure air pressure increases, active valve block is eventually because outer
Pressure differential inside and outside shell and by outwards open-top, release the closure to valve chamber so that the excessive pressure of enclosure is released,
Ensure that inner pressure of battery is in safer level, reduce risk of explosion.Another aspect relief valve be also battery assembling when into
Enter the passage that leaks of a small amount of air of enclosure, under the exclusion for the carbon dioxide being continuously generated inside the shell, original air by
Step is drained, and in the absence of oxygen, the battery core group of battery will not burn, so as to play the role of fire-retardant fireproof.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing material is bicarbonate.Bicarbonate may occur from decomposition reaction when heated, generate
Carbon dioxide, and this reaction is the endothermic reaction, meets the need of work of the present apparatus.Bicarbonate is selected as fire extinguishing material,
Single material is only needed, is installed additional, storage is all more convenient in battery.
Preferably, the bicarbonate is sodium acid carbonate, saleratus, calcium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate or its mixture.
These are all the common bicarbonates being easy to get and will be thermally decomposed at slightly higher temperature.
Preferably, the damping fire proofing is silica gel.Silica gel good fluidity, viscosity are low, have insulation performance, waterproof
Humidity resistance, fire resistance and good physical mechanical property, operability is good, for inside battery battery core group damping fire-retardant ten
Division is fitted.
Preferably, battery core sheath is made of ABS plastic.ABS plastic has good fire resistance, even in battery core group
It effectively can also prevent the intensity of a fire from expanding when burning, contain the generation of more serious conditions.
As an alternative, battery core sheath is formed from aluminium.If the present apparatus will be produced effect using material of putting out a fire by thermal decomposition,
Fire extinguishing material, which needs to be heated enough, to be decomposed, therefore battery core sheath should select the material of good heat conduction effect, so as to battery core group
The heat of generation fully exports and receives fire extinguishing material, the good heat conductivity of aluminium and relative to the material of other good heat conductivities
Price is more cheap for material, and the density of aluminium is smaller, is made lighter after component, is conducive to the lightweight of battery entirety.
Preferably, shell is formed from aluminium.The density of aluminium is smaller, and manufactured shell is lighter relative to iron, metal etc.,
Be conducive to the lightweight of battery entirety.
Preferably, the dredging hole is located at cover top portion.The carbon dioxide density that the fire extinguishing material decomposes generation is big
Atmospheric density under equal conditions, carbon dioxide are more easy to sink to bottom in shell, are pushed up so that original air is extruded into shell
Portion, therefore the fast evacuation of original air is more conducive in cover top portion setting dredging hole, and the storage of newly-generated carbon dioxide is stayed,
The anaerobic environment of inside battery is formed, the purpose of fire-retardant fireproof is better achieved.
A kind of electric car, electric car have fireproof anti-explosion device lithium battery equipped with described.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The security protection performance of lithium battery is greatly improved, reduces battery risk safe to use.The present apparatus is used in lithium battery
During using it is heated when the endothermic reaction can occur and produce carbon dioxide fire extinguishing material as working media, battery is inhaled
Heat and starvation, and inner pressure of battery can be regulated and controled in time, by using above comprehensive protecting method, can effectively prevent on fire, quick-fried
The accident such as fried occurs, and substantially reduces the security risk that battery uses.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure diagram of relief valve in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structure diagram of lithium battery in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of confined state schematic diagram of lithium battery in the present invention.
In figure, 1- battery core groups, 2- battery core sheaths, 3- shells, 4- relief valves, 5- valve bodies, 6- active valve blocks, 7- valve decks, 8-
Central through hole, 9- valve chambers, 10- compression springs, 11- bicarbonate powders, 12- heat insulation layers.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described for specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, a kind of electric car, uses a kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, institute
The lithium battery stated includes battery core group 1, battery core sheath 2 and shell 3, and battery core group 1 is placed in battery core sheath 2, and battery core sheath 2 is placed in
In shell 3, fire extinguishing material is used as filled with bicarbonate powder 11 in the gap of battery core sheath 2 and shell 3, is in the present embodiment
Sodium acid carbonate, battery core sheath 2 are made of ABS material, and shell 3 is formed from aluminium, and shell 3 is the approximate cuboid of a closing, by shell
Body, upper cover, bottom cover composition, the head cover of shell 3 are equipped with a dredging hole, relief valve 4 are equipped with preferably on dredging hole.Relief valve
4 include valve body 5 and active valve block 6, are threaded with valve deck 7 on 5 mouthfuls of valve body, and 7 center of valve deck is equipped with central through hole 8, in valve body 5
Valve chamber 9 equipped with up big and down small taper type, active valve block 6 are also slideably positioned in taper type and adaptedly in valve chamber 9, activity
6 taper of valve block is equal with 9 taper of valve chamber, a compression spring 10 is equipped between valve deck 7 and active valve block 6,10 one end of compression spring is hooked in activity
On valve block 6, the other end is connected to 7 bottom surface of valve deck, and 10 circle circle outside diameter of compression spring is more than 8 diameter of central through hole.Compression spring 10 is selected properly
Specification, when 3 air pressure inside of shell reaches certain air pressure, 3 internal pressure of shell suffered by active valve block 6 can overcome just
10 elastic force of compression spring.Battery core sheath 2 in the gap of battery core group 1 with being filled with damping fire proofing, and the damping is fire-retardant in the present embodiment
Material is silica gel.3 inner surface of shell is equipped with heat insulation layer 12, which can be made of silica or asbestos, by two
The heat insulation layer 12 that silica or asbestos are formed is arranged between 3 inner surface of shell and fire extinguishing material, and sodium acid carbonate is arranged on heat insulation layer
Between 12 and battery core sheath 2.
Once lithium battery is during the work time because of the reason adstante febre such as short circuit, and temperature is gradually increasing in battery core sheath 2, and by
In the barrier of heat insulation layer, thermal energy is not easy to distribute, and 3 internal temperature of shell and 3 air pressure inside of shell also rise therewith, when temperature arrives
Up to 50 DEG C, chemical reaction takes place in sodium acid carbonate, resolves into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide, and the thermal decomposition of sodium acid carbonate is
A endothermic process, constantly consumes thermal energy, this can suppress 3 internal temperature rapid increase of shell in thermal decomposition process.Generation
Carbon dioxide is mixed into shell 3 after original air, in shell 3 air pressure further increase, when air pressure reaches two big in shell 3
During air pressure, active valve block 6 can be promoted by air pressure in shell 3, overcome the elastic force of compression spring 10 to rise, active valve block 6 depart from originally with
, there is gap between 9 cavity wall of active valve block 6 and valve chamber, 3 air pressure inside of shell can be via the gap in the adapting position of valve chamber 9
Leak, until air pressure is fallen back to below two atmospheric pressure in shell 3.Carbon dioxide constantly produces, and the inside of shell 3 is original few
Amount air is gradually drained, and the oxygen inside such shell 3 is finally drained, and 3 internal voids of shell are final all by dioxy
Change carbon to occupy.The essential elements of battery core group burning is just lost without oxygen, inside shell 3, so as to reach fire-retardant fireproof
Purpose, avoid that more serious security incident occurs.Can be provided only with dredging hole on the head cover of shell 3 in the present embodiment,
Without setting relief valve, once lithium battery is during the work time because of the reason adstante febre such as short circuit, and temperature is gradually increasing in battery core sheath 2
During to certain temperature, battery core inner material produces reaction, and causes battery core internal pressure to become larger, battery core rupture, production inside battery core
The heat source such as raw gas and particle is sprayed outside housing by dredging hole under the action of internal pressure, reduces enclosure interior
Heat source；The rising of 3 internal temperature of shell, sodium acid carbonate take place chemical reaction, resolve into sodium carbonate, water and titanium dioxide at the same time
Carbon, the thermal decomposition of sodium acid carbonate is an endothermic process, thermal energy is constantly consumed in thermal decomposition process, this can suppress in shell 3
Portion's temperature rapid increase, the carbon dioxide of generation are mixed into shell 3 after original air, in shell 3 air pressure further increase, will
Oxygen discharges housing 3 by dredging hole, and the inside of shell 3 is completely cut off with external oxygen, since carbon dioxide constantly produces, and it is outer
The original a small amount of air in the inside of shell 3 is gradually drained, and the oxygen inside such shell 3 is finally drained, and 3 internal voids of shell
Finally all occupied by carbon dioxide, the essential elements of battery core group burning is just lost without oxygen, inside shell 3, so that
Fire-retardant fireproof is achieveed the purpose that, has avoided that more serious security incident occurs.Further, since the generation of carbon dioxide, from dredging
The heat source that hole sprays adulterates carbon dioxide, has been greatly reduced the danger for spraying heat source.In the present embodiment, as fire extinguishing material
The bicarbonate of material can also be that saleratus, calcium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate etc. can carry out endothermic decomposition simultaneously in different temperature points
Generate the carbonate of carbon dioxide, or the mixture of these bicarbonates.
Embodiment 2：
Battery core sheath 2 is formed from aluminium, and the damping fire proofing is flame-retardant AN-VDC copolymer fiber.Remaining is the same as embodiment 1.
The lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device of the present invention can be applied in such as electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, electricity
On the vehicles such as electrical automobile.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device, the lithium battery includes battery core group（1）, battery core sheath（2）And shell
（3）, battery core group（1）It is placed in battery core sheath（2）It is interior, battery core sheath（2）It is placed in shell（3）It is interior, it is characterized in that battery core sheath（2）With
Shell（3）Gap in filled with the endothermic reaction can occur and produce the powdered fire extinguishing material of carbon dioxide, battery core sheath（2）
With battery core group（1）Gap in be filled with damping fire proofing, shell（3）It is equipped with dredging hole, shell（3）Inner surface is equipped with
The heat insulation layer made of silica or asbestos（12）.
2. the lithium battery according to claim 1 with fireproof anti-explosion device, lets out it is characterized in that the dredging hole is equipped with
Pressure valve（4）, relief valve（4）Including valve body（5）And active valve block（6）, valve body（5）Valve deck is threaded with mouthful（7）, valve deck
（7）Center is equipped with central through hole（8）, valve body（5）The interior valve chamber equipped with up big and down small taper type（9）, active valve block（6）Also it is in
Taper type is simultaneously adaptedly slideably positioned in valve chamber（9）In, valve deck（7）With active valve block（6）Between be equipped with a compression spring（10）, compression spring
（10）One end is hooked in active valve block（6）On, the other end is connected to valve deck（7）Bottom surface, compression spring（10）Circle circle outside diameter is more than center
Through hole（8）Diameter.
3. the lithium battery according to claim 1 with fireproof anti-explosion device, it is characterized in that the fire extinguishing material is carbonic acid
Hydrogen salt.
4. the lithium battery according to claim 3 with fireproof anti-explosion device, it is characterized in that the bicarbonate is carbonic acid
Hydrogen sodium, saleratus, calcium bicarbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate or its mixture.
5. the lithium battery according to claim 1 with fireproof anti-explosion device, it is characterized in that the damping fire proofing is
Silica gel.
6. according to the lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that battery core is protected
Set（2）It is made of ABS plastic.
7. according to the lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that battery core is protected
Set（2）It is formed from aluminium.
8. according to the lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that shell（3）
It is formed from aluminium.
9. a kind of electric car, it is characterized in that, using the lithium with fireproof anti-explosion device described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5
Battery.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410369664.5A CN104218194B (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2014-07-30 | A kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device and the electric car using the battery |
| EP15827608.9A EP3176847B1 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-24 | Lithium battery and electric vehicle using same |
| US15/327,893 US10319970B2 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-24 | Lithium-ion battery and electric vehicle utilizing the same |
| PCT/CN2015/085029 WO2016015603A1 (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-24 | Lithium battery and electric vehicle using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410369664.5A CN104218194B (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2014-07-30 | A kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device and the electric car using the battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104218194A CN104218194A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
| CN104218194B true CN104218194B (en) | 2018-05-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410369664.5A Active CN104218194B (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2014-07-30 | A kind of lithium battery with fireproof anti-explosion device and the electric car using the battery |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN104218194B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3176847B1 (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2018-12-19 | Zhejiang Chaowei Chuangyuan Industraial Ltd. | Lithium battery and electric vehicle using same |
| CN104953083B (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-06-30 | 浙江超威创元实业有限公司 | A kind of core strueture for preventing battery catches fire from exploding and the lithium ion battery with the core strueture |
| CN106098989A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏大学 | A kind of active fire-retarding device of pure electric automobile battery bag |
| CN106654085A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-05-10 | 广东新凌嘉新能源股份有限公司 | Explosion-proof, thermal-insulation and flame-retardant battery, battery pack and application method of explosion-proof, thermal-insulation and flame-retardant battery |
| KR102185959B1 (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2020-12-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Battery cell with improved safety |
| TWI643381B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-12-01 | 新盛力科技股份有限公司 | Battery device having anti-fire spreading structure |
| US12080898B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2024-09-03 | Cummins Inc. | Thermal runaway mitigation system for high capacity energy cell |
| JP7215582B2 (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2023-01-31 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Batteries, battery packs, electronic devices, electric vehicles, power storage devices and power systems |
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| CN104218194A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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