CN203785990U - Novel blood rheometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel blood rheometer. The novel blood rheometer is characterized by comprising a circuit system and a pipeline system, wherein the circuit system comprises a pressure sensor, an amplification circuit, a data acquisition card and a computer which are connected in sequence; the output end of the computer is connected with a printing machine, a No.I auxiliary pump and a No.II auxiliary pump; the pipeline system comprises a sample feeding needle connected with one end of the No.I auxiliary pump, and a No.III valve and a No.II valve which are connected with the other end of the No.I auxiliary pump through a right small chamber; the right small chamber is connected with a left small chamber through a pipeline; the left small chamber is divided into three paths at an outlet to be respectively connected with the pressure sensor, the auxiliary pump and a No.IV valve; the output ends of the No.IV valve and the No.III valve are converged to one part and are connected with a peristaltic pump and a No.I valve respectively; the peristaltic pump and the output end of the No.I valve are converged to one part and are connected to the outer atmosphere. The rheometer has the characteristics of being high in measuring precision, strong in reliability, high in measuring speed and the like, and overcomes the defects of the prior art.

Description

A kind of New Blood flow graph

Technical field

The utility model belongs to a kind of medical treatment electronic equipment, is specifically related to a kind of New Blood flow graph.

Background technology

Hemorheology is between preclinical medicine, preventive medicine and clinical medicine, Hemorheology is mainly to study blood mobile rule in blood vessel, the impact of the mobility of the deformability of visible component in blood (cell) and aeriform part (blood plasma) on blood flow, and interactional subject between blood vessel and heart.The generation of clinical middle numerous disease is all closely related with the variation of blood characteristics, from Hemorheology angle, remove to inquire into the etiology and pathogenesis of disease and propose new diagnostic method and prophylactico-therapeutic measures, for these prevention and treatment of diseases, having extremely important meaning.Further investigation hemorheological characteristics can be for illustrating pathogenic factor, the approach of the various diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, malignant tumour and diabetes and the valuable information that provides being provided, for some disease of diagnoses and treatment provides important references.Therefore hemorheology detects has become the important detection means of the heart, cranial vascular disease and the necessary project of person in middle and old age's health check-up, and the large and medium-sized hospital in existing various places extensively adopts.

Blood rheological instrument is a kind of blood clinical detection instrument growing up in hemorheological theoretical foundation, is a kind ofly by human body blood viscosity, to diagnose the illness and the special testing instrument of disease early diagnosis.Micrometeor-pressure sensing type automatic blood flow graph is to using unique cardiovascular dynamics model as test cell, makes sample experience mobile change procedure from fast to slow.By thereby monitoring when pressure, pressure reduction temporal evolution in system being tried to achieve to the apparent viscosity of sample under different shear rates, realized the robotization of non-Newtonian fluid apparent viscosity when shear rate changes has continuously been detected, yet, these rest on theoretical aspect, still there is no a set of maturation, complete and concrete design proposal.

Utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, to provide a kind of New Blood flow graph.The features such as it is high that flow graph of the present utility model has measuring accuracy, and reliability is strong, and measuring speed is fast, efficiently solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of New Blood flow graph, it is characterized in that: comprise Circuits System and pipe system, described Circuits System comprises connected successively pressure transducer, amplifying circuit, data collecting card and computing machine, and the output terminal of described computing machine is connected with printer, a service pump, No. two service pumps, described pipe system comprises service pump No. one, No. two service pumps, a valve, No. two valves, No. three valves, No. four valves, sample introduction needle and peristaltic pump, described service pump one end is connected with sample introduction needle, the other end of a described service pump is by the right cell and No. three valves, No. two valve is connected, described the right cell is connected by pipeline with left side cell, described left side cell is on outlet punishment three tunnels, one tunnel is connected with pressure transducer, one tunnel is connected with No. two service pumps, one tunnel is connected with No. four valves, the output terminal of described No. four valves and No. three valves imports a place and is connected with peristaltic pump, the output terminal of described No. four valves and No. three valves imports a place and is also connected with a valve, the output terminal of described peristaltic pump and a valve imports a place and leads to outside atmosphere.

Above-mentioned a kind of New Blood flow graph, is characterized in that: described pressure transducer is selected the 24PC series pressure transducer of Honeywell company.

Above-mentioned a kind of New Blood flow graph, is characterized in that: described amplifying circuit adopts OP07 integrated transporting discharging.

Above-mentioned a kind of New Blood flow graph, is characterized in that: described data collecting card is selected the AD card of the AC6010 model of Shuan Nuo company.

Above-mentioned a kind of New Blood flow graph, is characterized in that: described No. two service pumps are connected with cleaning fluid bottle.

Above-mentioned a kind of New Blood flow graph, is characterized in that: described No. two valves are connected with waste liquid bottle.

The utility model compared with prior art has the following advantages:

The utility model its based on " Hemorheology " theory, " Casson flow equation " and " Poiseuille's formula " scheduling algorithm of take in fluid mechanics classical way are foundation, propose the method with determination of pressure sensor human blood viscosity, and be applied to clinical detection.Some conventional sense projects (hematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate etc.) data with reference under, can find: hypertension; Coronary heart disease; Cerebral thrombus, the diseases such as the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as diabetes and primary carcinoma of liver pathology, for patient provides disease and early lesion foundation.Clinical trial shows, the feature such as it is high that this flow graph has measuring accuracy, and reliability is strong, and measuring speed is fast, efficiently solves the deficiencies in the prior art.

Below by drawings and Examples, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is flow graph Circuits System block diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is flow graph pipe system structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is flow graph amplifying circuit circuit theory diagrams of the present utility model;

Pressure shear rate-viscosity function graph of relation when Fig. 4 is flow graph measurement blood flow of the present utility model.

Description of reference numerals:

1-computing machine; 2-data collecting card; 3-amplifying circuit; 4-pressure transducer;

5-printer; Service pump of 7-1-; No. bis-service pumps of 7-2-; Valve of 8-1-;

No. bis-valves of 8-2-; No. tri-valves of 8-3-; No. tetra-valves of 8-4-; 9-sample introduction needle;

10-peristaltic pump; 11-cleaning fluid bottle; 12-waste liquid bottle.

Embodiment

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of New Blood flow graph, it is characterized in that: comprise Circuits System and pipe system, described Circuits System comprises connected successively pressure transducer 4, amplifying circuit 3, data collecting card 2 and computing machine 1, and the output terminal of described computing machine 1 and printer 5, service pump 7-1, No. two service pump 7-2 are connected, described pipe system comprises service pump 7-1 No. one, No. two service pump 7-2, a valve 8-1, No. two valve 8-2, No. three valve 8-3, No. four valve 8-4, sample introduction needle 9 and peristaltic pump 10, described service pump 7-1 one end is connected with sample introduction needle 9, the other end of a described service pump 7-1 is by the right cell and No. three valve 8-3, No. two valve 8-2 is connected, described the right cell is connected by pipeline with left side cell, described left side cell is on outlet punishment three tunnels, one tunnel is connected with pressure transducer 4, one tunnel is connected with No. two service pump 7-2, one tunnel is connected with No. four valve 8-4, the output terminal of described No. four valve 8-4 and No. three valve 8-3 imports a place and is connected with peristaltic pump 10, the output terminal of described No. four valve 8-4 and No. three valve 8-3 imports a place and is also connected with a valve 8-1, the output terminal of described peristaltic pump 10 and a valve 8-1 imports a place and leads to outside atmosphere.

In the present embodiment, described pressure transducer 4 is selected the 24PC series pressure transducer of Honeywell company.This sensor can be measured absolute pressure, gauge pressure and differential pressure, and pressure limit is 5psi, range is 85mV～145mV.

In the present embodiment, described amplifying circuit 3 adopts OP07 integrated transporting discharging.Here adopt two-stage to amplify, amplifying circuit as shown in Figure 3.Amplifier is selected OP07 integrated transporting discharging, and OP07 is bipolar operational amplifier, and supply voltage scope is ± 3～± 18V, and open-loop voltage gain is 132dB, input bias current ± 2.2nA, and switching rate 0.17, is mainly used in accurate amplifier.The first order is differential amplifier, and enlargement factor is 10.The second level is homophase feedback amplifier, and the output signal OUT1 of the first order is from the in-phase end input of OP07, and enlargement factor is 1+470/10=48, therefore the total magnification of two-stage amplifying circuit is 48 * 10=480 times.Voltage analog signal after two-stage is amplified is sent into data collecting card 2.

In the present embodiment, described data collecting card 2 is selected the AD card of the AC6010 model of Shuan Nuo company.AC6010 has 32 tunnel analog inputs, 32 way switch amount-16 tunnel input Ji16 road outputs, and analog input voltage scope is-5.5V～+ 12V, so the magnitude of voltage of pressure transducer 4 outputs needs amplifying circuit 3 to amplify.

In the present embodiment, described No. two service pump 7-2 are connected with cleaning fluid bottle 11.

In the present embodiment, described No. two valve 8-2 are connected with waste liquid bottle 12.

Blood rheological instrument design concept of the present utility model is: blood is the complicated suspending liquid system consisting of water, electrolyte, organic molecule and haemocyte.Blood in layer flows in blood vessel, fast by ectocentral liquid level flow velocity, and slow near the liquid level flow velocity of periphery, this mode of motion is called laminar flow.So just between the two-layer liquid of speed, formed current difference, fast one deck gives slow one deck with pulling force, and slow one deck gives fast one deck with resistance, a pair of power between the two-layer liquid of speed (pulling force and resistance) has just formed the mobile power of whole blood of ordering about, and is called shearforce.Experiment showed, when blood is done laminar flow, on two contact layers, the size of shearforce F is directly proportional to the contact area S of two adjacent fluid layers, is directly proportional to the velocity gradient dv/dy of two fluid layer contact positions, and its pass is F=η S dv/dy.In formula, proportionality constant η is called whole blood viscosity.And shear stress is the shearforce bearing in unit area, so shear stress τ=η * dv/dy, dv/dy can be described as again shear rate.Blood plasma is homogeneous fluid, and plasma viscosity is constant, and shear rate is directly proportional to shear stress, and the relation of viscosity and shear rate as shown in Figure 4.This instrument, by the continuous situation of change of monitoring plasma sample driving pressure in closed conduct internal speed-changing flow process, send computing machine to process the pressure data collecting, according to Poiseuille's formula:

$Q=\frac{{\mathrm{\πr}}_0^4}{8\mathrm{\ηl}}\mathrm{g\Δp}$

And do simple change, can obtain plasma viscosity computing formula:

$\mathrm{\η}=\frac{{\mathrm{\πr}}_0^4\mathrm{\Δp}}{8\mathrm{Ql}}$

In formula: η: viscosity, Q: flow, l: duct length, 0r: pipeline radius, Δ p: pipe ends pressure reduction.

Whole blood viscosity can be asked for by setting up Casson equation.According to Casson equation:

$\sqrt{\mathrm{\τ}}=\sqrt{{\mathrm{\η}}_{c}g}\sqrt{\mathrm{\γ}}+\sqrt{{\mathrm{\τ}}_c},\mathrm{\η}=\frac{\mathrm{\τ}}{\mathrm{\γ}}$

Through simple conversion, can obtain

$\mathrm{\η}={\mathrm{\η}}_c+{\mathrm{\τ}}_c/\mathrm{\γ}+2g\sqrt{{\mathrm{\η}}_c{\mathrm{g\τ}}_c/\mathrm{\γ}}$

In formula, η: whole blood viscosity, γ: shear rate, η c: Casson's viscosity, τ c: Carson's stress.

From above formula, under η c and τ c are known condition, any given one belongs to γ>=1s ^-1it is precious on next that " shear rate of scope can obtain its corresponding viscosity number.

System comprises pipe system and signaling conversion circuit, under advanced computer technology is supported, under the effect of continually varying shearing force from high to low, fluid (whole blood or blood plasma) is flowed in the glass detector of simulation human vas.In this process, detect the data such as flow, flow velocity of every flashy non-Newtonian fluid (whole blood) or Newtonian fluid (blood plasma), thereby calculate whole blood viscosity and the plasma viscosity under continually varying shearing force effect from high to low.

Pipe system is the main body of system, its basic conception is a unique dynamical system of design, make sample experience flow velocity slowly change and flow, by the apparent viscosity in the hope of sample under different shear rates to the time dependent measurement of pressure in system (being flow velocity).Fig. 2 is pipeline schematic diagram, and concrete grammar and flow process are as follows:

(1) pipe system is comprised of two of left and right cell and connection microcapillary therebetween, by computer-controlled service pump, automatically sample is sucked to right side cell;

(2) peristaltic pump is equivalent to air compressor, and to the pressurization of right side cell, sample injects left side cell, and the sealing air on cell liquid level top, the left side is compressed;

(3) right side cell is communicated with atmosphere, sample flow back into right side cell under the compressed-air actuated pressure-driven in cell top, the left side, in microcapillary, the shear rate of sample changes from high in the end continuously, in this process, pressure transducer detects pressure temporal evolution value, and data are automatically sent into computing machine and processed;

(4) by computing machine, calculate the apparent viscosity value under different shear rates, and print result, draw shear rate-viscograph.

In this piping system, 4 valves are all normal-open electromagnetic valves, and motor clockwise direction is forward, are counterclockwise reversion, and service pump and peristaltic pump start after solenoid valve action 1s.During the reversion of I service pump, by blood sample upstream line, during forward, by cleaning fluid discharge line, II service pump is for cleaning cleaning fluid upstream line to pipeline.Peristaltic pump is equivalent to air compressor, to the blood sample pressurization in pipeline.The measurement of a sample, be through inhaling sample, balance row bubble, and pressurization is measured, this Four processes of stock layout.

1. inhale sample: inhaling sample is the sample of drawing in test bit sample cup, and while inhaling sample, No. 1 valve and No. 3 valves are failure to actuate (unlatchings), and No. 2 valves and No. 4 valves are closed Xs, the I pump Xs that reverses after 1s after solenoid valve action, on the right of blood sample is drawn onto from test tube in cell.

2. balance row bubble: may produce bubble in blood sample owing to inhaling sample, test result is exerted an influence, therefore needed to remove the bubble in blood sample before applied voltage test.Balance row bubble is the bubble of getting rid of in blood sample, and during exhaust bubble, No. 1 valve and No. 3 valves are failure to actuate (unlatching), and No. 2 valves and No. 4 valves are closed Ys, and No. 1 pump reversion (Y-5) s after solenoid valve action 1s, by bubble discharge line unnecessary in pipeline.

3. pressurization is measured: pressurization measuring process in two steps, first the blood sample in pipeline is pressed into left side cell, make again sample flow back into right side cell under the compressed-air actuated pressure-driven in cell top, the left side, in this process, pressure transducer detects the time dependent value of pressure, and data are sent into computing machine and processed.During pressurization, No. 3 valves are failure to actuate (unlatching), and No. 1, No. 2, No. 4 valve cuts out Ms, and peristaltic pump starts to rotate after solenoid valve action 1s, and rotation time is (M-1) s, to managing interior closed gas, exerts pressure, and blood pressure is pressed in the cell of the left side.During measurement, No. 1 and No. 3 valves be failure to actuate (unlatching), No. 2 and No. 4 valves are closed Ms, blood sample in the cell of the left side is under the pressure of confining gas, slowly flow into the right cell, the pressure of left side cell closed gas also decreases, in this process, pressure transducer is sampled to each gas pressure value constantly, and sampled data is sent into computing machine through data collecting card and process.

4. stock layout: after measurement completes, need be by the sample discharge line after measuring.During stock layout, No. 2 and No. 4 valves are failure to actuate (unlatching), and No. 1 valve and No. 3 valves are closed Zs, and peristaltic pump starts to rotate after 1s after solenoid valve action, and the blood sample after measuring is entered to waste liquid bottle.

Viscosity parameter is the most basic in rheology test, is also topmost parameter.Viscosity test is divided into whole blood viscosity test and plasma viscosity test.Carry out whole blood viscosity when test must set high, in, low three shear rate conditions are measured the apparent viscosity of whole blood under different shear rates.ICSH stipulates that high shear rate should be at 150s ^-1, middle variability should be at 50～60s ^-1, low variability should be at 1～5s ^-1.Blood viscosity is the major parameter that characterizes blood flow resistance, and when the high expression of blood viscosity is flowed, resistance is large, i.e. poor fluidity; The low expression good fluidity of viscosity.The maximum feature of blood viscosity is that it changes along with the variation of shear rate, that is to say that the height of blood viscosity and the fluidised form of blood are closely related.Height is cut the viscosity that viscosity is blood while characterizing faster mobile of blood, and it reflects the impact on blood flow when erythrocytic distortion plays a major role; Lowly cut the viscosity that viscosity is blood when characterizing blood and flowing more slowly, it mainly reflects the impact on blood flow when erythrocytic gathering plays a major role.Plasma viscosity is measured relatively easy, because it does not need to set different shear rate conditions, general provision is (100s under high shear rate ^-1～120s ^-1) scope mensuration.The feature of plasma viscosity is along with the variation of shear rate, not change, no matter always within the scope of high or low shear rate a constant.Plasma viscosity is one of key factor affecting whole blood viscosity, and plasma viscosity raises, and whole blood viscosity is corresponding increasing thereupon, depends primarily on plasma proteins, especially fibrin concentration.Can cut viscosity and the low viscosity meter of cutting is calculated whole blood viscosity value by height, add plasma viscosity value, just can draw shear rate-viscograph, claim again blood flow varied curve, from curve, just can recognize very intuitively patient's health status.

The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not the utility model is imposed any restrictions; every any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to the utility model technical spirit, change and equivalent structure change, and all still belong in the protection domain of technical solutions of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. a New Blood flow graph, it is characterized in that: comprise Circuits System and pipe system, described Circuits System comprises connected successively pressure transducer (4), amplifying circuit (3), data collecting card (2) and computing machine (1), and the output terminal of described computing machine (1) is connected with printer (5), a service pump (7-1), No. two service pumps (7-2), described pipe system comprises a service pump (7-1), No. two service pumps (7-2), a valve (8-1), No. two valves (8-2), No. three valves (8-3), No. four valves (8-4), sample introduction needle (9) and peristaltic pump (10), a described service pump (7-1) one end is connected with sample introduction needle (9), the other end of a described service pump (7-1) is by the right cell and No. three valves (8-3), No. two valves (8-2) are connected, described the right cell is connected by pipeline with left side cell, described left side cell is on outlet punishment three tunnels, one tunnel is connected with pressure transducer (4), one tunnel is connected with No. two service pumps (7-2), one tunnel is connected with No. four valves (8-4), the output terminal of described No. four valves (8-4) and No. three valves (8-3) imports a place and is connected with peristaltic pump (10), the output terminal of described No. four valves (8-4) and No. three valves (8-3) imports a place and is also connected with a valve (8-1), the output terminal of described peristaltic pump (10) and a valve (8-1) imports a place and leads to outside atmosphere.

2. according to a kind of New Blood flow graph described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: described pressure transducer (4) is selected the 24PC series pressure transducer of Honeywell company.

3. according to a kind of New Blood flow graph described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: described amplifying circuit (3) adopts OP07 integrated transporting discharging.

4. according to a kind of New Blood flow graph described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: described data collecting card (2) is selected the AD card of the AC6010 model of Shuan Nuo company.

5. according to a kind of New Blood flow graph described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: described No. two service pumps (7-2) are connected with cleaning fluid bottle (11).

6. according to a kind of New Blood flow graph described in claims 1, it is characterized in that: described No. two valves (8-2) are connected with waste liquid bottle (12).