Blood viscosity fast detection device and method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical inspection device and method thereof, especially relate to a kind of device for fast detecting and method thereof that blood viscosity detects that be used for.
Background technology
At medical domain, the viscosity of measuring blood and other physiological fluid is the diagnostic means that recent development is got up, and the diagnostic application to difficult and complicated illness such as angiocardiopathy and cancer, knurls is more extensive especially.But the instrumentation blood sampling complicated and needs that has medical detection blood viscosity now is very bigger.
Existing blood viscosity measuring method mainly contains capillary method, rotary process, falling bodies method, vibratory drilling method, flat band method etc.Carry out the rough contrast measuring and calculating of viscosity as traditional capillary gravitational method by the flowing time contrast of fluid in the vertical hair tubule, the viscosity of measuring and calculating is out of true very, and timing simultaneously is subjected to man's activity bigger, and very big error is arranged; And the rotary test method is calculated by the spin friction fluid, its shear rate is by the angular velocity shortcoming of its rotation, therefore can only under fixing shear rate, carry out the test of multiple spot, test duration is long, have friction force everywhere owing to rotary body itself simultaneously, and the air air gap is influential to measuring sensor, measuring accuracy has certain influence, these constantly wearing and tearing in long-term use of rotary body in addition can cause test error constantly to increase.And the simplest measuring method of measuring with regard to blood viscosity of device is the capillary method, i.e. the Pinkevitch viscosity meter.For example: China Patent No. is 98239308.3, denomination of invention is the viscosity meter of " intelligent capillary blood viscosity meter ", it has a glass vertical tube, linking to each other with the vertical tube lower port is connected with the glass capillary of a horizontal positioned, vertical tube and glass capillary all place constant water bath box, be positioned at the glass capillary lower end load measuring sensor is arranged, this sensor transmits signal by the A/D capture card to computing machine, linking to each other with the inlet of glass vertical tube is connected with the plastic cement pipe, links to each other with the plastic cement pipe to be connected with sample introduction pipe, testing tube, to dry up pipe.This novel blood viscometer automaticity height, easy and simple to handle; But, the internal diameter of the capillary that this kind viscosity meter is used is generally a millimeter magnitude, because internal diameter capillaceous is thick, concerning patient, need to extract a large amount of blood during clinical use, general desired blood is more than 10ml, therefore the inapplicable hospital clinical of this instrument is suitable for, the experimental temperature that second deficiency is this instrument is by constant water bath box control, if the scope of measuring temperature than broad, the cost height of calibration cell, volume is big, and also inapplicable hospital clinical is suitable for.For another example: China Patent No. is 200510064206.1, denomination of invention is the blood measuring device of " a kind of measuring instrument of real-time human body blood viscosity ", and this measuring instrument comprises pressure source, woven hose, micron tube, transparent capillary, demarcation liquid container, temperature conditioning unit, DATA REASONING and processing unit, display module, the control module of demarcating liquid are housed; Transparent capillary is in DATA REASONING and processing unit inside, and relative measurement method is adopted in viscosity measurement.The measuring instrument of the real-time human body blood viscosity of this invention has energy clear operation and reading error, characteristics such as accuracy of detection and automaticity height; But this kind measuring instrument also need be provided with temperature conditioning unit etc., so complex structure, operates easy inadequately.
Blood viscosity means the apparent viscosity under different shear rates, because blood is non-Newtonian fluid, so blood viscosity has dependence to shear rate, both blood viscosity was to change with shear rate, increase and reduce with shear rate, reduction with shear rate is increased, so the viscosity that blood is showed under each different shear rates is different.ICSH (ICSH) proposed in the instruction that the Hemorheology blood viscosity is measured in 1986, and desirable viscosity apparatus is measured and should be comprised that 1-200S-1 shears scope.Though the height of shear rate with low be relative, for blood, high shear rate can be selected 200S-1, near the optional 50S-1-30S-1 of middle shear rate, and low shear rate is measured and preferably can be carried out 1S-1.Because near the blood viscosity the 1S-1 is measured, the clinical meaning that can not be ignored is arranged.In routine duties, unless the needs of certain research work, we can not be determined at viscosity number under each shear rate to each part sample, generally only survey several representative viscosity numbers, promptly survey low downcut whole blood viscosity and high downcut whole blood viscosity and survey in downcut whole blood viscosity.Because the blood viscosity under the different shear rates has different rheology implications, blood viscosity mainly reflects the erythrocytic distortion situation blood flow viscosity of (this moment, general nothing was assembled) under the high shear rate.What the blood viscosity under the middle shear rate situation reflected is that red blood cell already obviously is out of shape the blood flow viscosity of not having again under the obvious gathering situation.Blood viscosity under the low shear rate can reflect the blood flow viscosity of (not having distortion this moment) under the erythrocyte aggregation condition.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of quick, simple and direct, accurately realize device for fast detecting and the method thereof that blood viscosity that blood viscosity detects detects.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the blood viscosity fast detection device of the design of design, its main points are: comprise sample introduction product pin, solenoid valve, baroceptor and peristaltic pump, wherein sample introduction product pin upper end is connected with an end of solenoid valve, the other end of this solenoid valve pipe after testing links to each other with described peristaltic pump, is provided with baroceptor on the detector tube between described solenoid valve and the peristaltic pump; The caliber of described detector tube is greater than the caliber of described sample introduction product pin.
The present invention be directed to traditional blood viscosity pick-up unit complex structure, detect on the accurate basis of data portion design creatively, the blood storage containers such as sample tube of among the present invention detected blood sample being packed into, close the solenoid valve that is connected between sample introduction product pin and the detector tube, the sample introduction product pin and the detector tube of solenoid valve both sides are isolated, thereby make detector tube form airtight pipeline; Open peristaltic pump, the air in the detector tube is discharged, thereby make air pressure in the detector tube less than atmospheric pressure, detect gaseous tension described detector tube in by baroceptor this moment, when the air pressure in the detector tube reaches setting value, stops peristaltic pump; Open solenoid valve then, blood sample in the blood storage containers such as sample tube enters sample introduction product pin under pressure, detect blood sample by baroceptor and enter the gas pressure change numerical value in the detector tube in the sample introduction product pin process this moment, give computing machine with the sampled data of baroceptor again, calculate the viscosity of blood sample according to formula, the caliber of design detector tube is far longer than the caliber of described sample introduction product pin in the above structure, so, the volume that in computation process, can ignore sample introduction product pin, help the detection of blood viscosity more, data are also more accurate.
Be provided with sample tube below described sample introduction product pin, described sample introduction product pin bottom is stretched in this sample tube, and close described sample tube bottom, this sample introduction product pin lower end, and above structure can be according to the measurement that makes things convenient for blood viscosity.
In order to make baroceptor more reliable with being connected of detector tube, also to be convenient to simultaneously change, described baroceptor is connected with described detector tube through silica gel hose.
The blood viscosity method for quick that blood viscosity fast detection device adopted is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A. the sample tube of detected blood sample being packed into, in this sample tube, stretch into sample introduction product pin, close the solenoid valve that is connected between sample introduction product pin and the detector tube, the sample introduction product pin of solenoid valve both sides and detector tube are isolated, thereby make detector tube form airtight pipeline;
B. open detection Guan Yiduan goes up the peristaltic pump that is provided with, air in the detector tube is discharged, thereby make air pressure in the detector tube, detect gaseous tension in the described detector tube by baroceptor less than atmospheric pressure, when the air pressure in the detector tube reaches setting value, stop peristaltic pump;
C. open solenoid valve, the blood sample in the sample tube enters sample introduction product pin under pressure, and enter sample introduction product needle sampler gas pressure change numerical value in the detector tube in the time by baroceptor detection blood sample this moment;
D. according to the gas pressure change data that collect, calculate the viscosity of blood sample by the viscosity formula.
The present invention adopts the mode of negative pressure that blood viscosity is detected, by pressure differential blood sample is pressed into pick-up unit, this moment can reducing being that the changing value of pressure is measured the viscosity of blood according to pressure, whole process time is short, the temperature substantially constant, and traditional detection method needs at any time blood sample to be heated to keep the constant of temperature, adopt the malleation mode that blood sample is detected, degree of accuracy is low, and the present invention is according to the fluid of different viscosities, the principle that flowing velocity and its viscosity size are inversely proportional to, so bigger fluid of viscosity, in the process that flows into sample introduction product pin, flow velocity is slower, and the speed that air pressure increases in the pipe system is slower; On the contrary, the fluid that viscosity is less, flow velocity is very fast in the inflow process, so the speed that air pressure increases in the pipe system is very fast.With the data that the pressure that collects changes, calculate by the mathematical model of pressure one viscosity, just can measure the viscosity of fluid.
Viscosity formula described in the steps d is η=π R
4P/8QL, viscosity formula of the present invention is such: according to poiseuille fluid formula, the fluid flow Q that in pipeline, flows, the pipe radius R, pipe range L, the pass between fluid viscosity η and the pipeline pressure at two ends difference P is:
Q=πR
4P/8ηL
The shearing rate of fluid is in the flow process:
t=4Q/πR
3
So flow in the process of sample introduction product pin at blood sample, gather out pressure changing continuous in the detector tube, just can calculate the viscosity of fluid under each shear rate dynamically.
Calculate explanation:
Blood sample viscosity formula is η=π R
4P/8QL
Corresponding shear rate is t=4Q/ π R
3
Flow in the process of sample introduction product pin at blood sample, can think that detector tube is the system of a sealing, by the computing formula of pressure and volume:
P
1V
1/T
1=P
2V
2/T
2
In the process that blood sample flows into, therefore time weak point very can think that temperature does not change, i.e. T
1=T
2, therefore above-mentioned formula can be reduced to:
P
1V=P
2V
2
The variation of detector tube internal pressure is because blood sample flows into pipeline, cause the interior volume of air minimizing of detector tube to cause, therefore the variation of detector tube volume in the unit interval promptly is the instant flow Q of fluid in pipeline, the variation of volume of air V can go out by the change calculations of pressure P in the pipeline, so the instant flow Q of fluid can calculate by the variation P of pressure:
Differential calculation is carried out in the pressure variation of gathering in the testing process, can obtain pressure and change ε P,
Utilize P
1V=P
2V
2Formula and ε P can calculate the variation ε V of volume,
The variation of this volume promptly is the instant flow Q of fluid under current derivative time,
By pressure that collects and the instant flow Q that calculates, can calculate fluid to be detected at shear rate t=4Q/ π R
3The time viscosities il=π R
4P/8QL.
To enter the sampling time of sample introduction product pin be 8~12 seconds to blood sample among the step c, this sampling time is divided into 50 sections, the continuous acquisition force value is 100 times on each waypoint, this force value is averaged as the sampled data of this sampling time point, obtain 50 sampled datas at last, draw out pressure history according to these data values then, draw out the Grad curve that pressure changes according to pressure history, go out the high, normal, basic viscosity number of cutting the place of blood sample according to the Grad curve calculation at last.
Beneficial effect: 1, compare the blood viscosity pick-up unit that traditional employing normal pressure mode detects, the present invention adopts the negative pressure mode to detect, and can save part and detect step, makes detection time faster; 2, the present invention compares the traditional detection device, does not need more blood sample is detected in the suction detection system earlier again, and so the demand of blood sample consumption has still less been saved the consumption of blood sample; 3, the present invention adopts advanced computer technology to detect, and can collect the variation of air pressure more accurately, makes the viscosity results of calculating more accurate; 4, the present invention have be skillfully constructed, simple in structure, implement easily, characteristics such as good reliability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure intention of the present utility model.
Meaning of each numbering is in the above-mentioned accompanying drawing: 1. sample introduction product pin, 2. solenoid valve, 3. baroceptor, 4. peristaltic pump, 5. detector tube, 6. sample tube, 7. silica gel hose.
Embodiment:
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See also Fig. 1: shown in blood viscosity fast detection device, constitute by sample introduction product pin 1, solenoid valve 2, baroceptor 3, peristaltic pump 4, detector tube 5, sample tube 6 and silica gel hose 7 etc., wherein solenoid valve 2, baroceptor 3, peristaltic pump 4 are traditional structure, do not give unnecessary details at this, described sample introduction product pin 1 upper end is connected with an end of solenoid valve 2, the other end of this solenoid valve 2 is managed 5 after testing and is linked to each other with described peristaltic pump 4, described detector tube 5 is the glass detector tube, is provided with baroceptor 3 on the detector tube 5 between described solenoid valve 2 and the peristaltic pump 4; The caliber of described detector tube 5 is greater than the caliber of described sample introduction product pin 1.
It can also be seen that among Fig. 1: be provided with sample tube 6 below described sample introduction product pin 1, described sample introduction product pin 1 bottom is stretched in this sample tube 6, and this sample introduction product pin 1 lower end is near described sample tube 6 bottoms; Described baroceptor 3 is connected with described detector tube 5 through silica gel hose 7.
Embodiment 1: the blood viscosity method for quick that blood viscosity fast detection device adopted,
The caliber of setting sample introduction needle is: 5cm and length are: 0.05cm; The caliber of detector tube is: L:30cm and length are: R:0.25cm; The temperature control of testing process: 37 ± 0.1 ℃
A. the sample tube 6 of detected blood sample being packed into, in this sample tube 6, stretch into sample introduction product pin 1, close the solenoid valve 2 that is connected between sample introduction product pin 1 and the detector tube 5, the sample introduction product pin 1 of solenoid valve 2 both sides and detector tube 5 are isolated, thereby make detector tube 5 form airtight pipeline;
B. the peristaltic pump 4 that is provided with on open detection pipe 5 one ends, air in the detector tube 5 are discharged, thereby make air pressure in the detector tube 5, detect gaseous tension in the described detector tube 5 by baroceptor 3 less than atmospheric pressure, when the air pressure in the detector tube 5 reaches setting value, stop peristaltic pump 4;
C. open solenoid valve 2, blood sample in the sample tube 6 enters sample introduction product pin 1 under pressure, detect blood sample by baroceptor 3 and enter the gas pressure change numerical value in the detector tube 5 in 1 sampling time of sample introduction product pin this moment, the sampling time that blood sample enters sample introduction product pin 1 is 8~12 seconds, this sampling time is divided into 50 sections, the continuous acquisition force value is 100 times on each waypoint, this force value is averaged as the sampled data of this sampling time point, obtain 50 sampled datas at last, draw out pressure history according to these data values then, draw out the Grad curve that pressure changes according to pressure history, at last go out the high, normal, basic viscosity number of cutting the place of blood sample, obtain according to the Grad curve calculation:
|
P(Pa) |
Q(cm
3)
|
Height is cut data |
57322 |
0.583 |
In cut data |
69513 |
0.498 |
The low data of cutting |
91012 |
0.298 |
D. according to the gas pressure change data that collect, by viscosity formula η=π R
4P/8QL, the viscosity that calculates blood sample is as follows:
Height is cut data viscosity |
5.02 |
In cut data viscosity |
7.14 |
The low data viscosity of cutting |
15.62 |
Embodiment 2: the caliber of setting sample introduction needle is: 5cm and length are: 0.05cm; The caliber of detector tube is: L:30cm and length are: R:0.25cm; The temperature control of testing process: 37 ± 0.1 ℃
A. the sample tube 6 of detected blood sample being packed into, in this sample tube 6, stretch into sample introduction product pin 1, close the solenoid valve 2 that is connected between sample introduction product pin 1 and the detector tube 5, the sample introduction product pin 1 of solenoid valve 2 both sides and detector tube 5 are isolated, thereby make detector tube 5 form airtight pipeline;
B. the peristaltic pump 4 that is provided with on open detection pipe 5 one ends, air in the detector tube 5 are discharged, thereby make air pressure in the detector tube 5, detect gaseous tension in the described detector tube 5 by baroceptor 3 less than atmospheric pressure, when the air pressure in the detector tube 5 reaches setting value, stop peristaltic pump 4;
C. open solenoid valve 2, blood sample in the sample tube 6 enters sample introduction product pin 1 under pressure, detect blood sample by baroceptor 3 and enter the gas pressure change numerical value in the detector tube 5 in 1 sampling time of sample introduction product pin this moment, the sampling time that blood sample enters sample introduction product pin 1 is 8~12 seconds, this sampling time is divided into 50 sections, the continuous acquisition force value is 100 times on each waypoint, this force value is averaged as the sampled data of this sampling time point, obtain 50 sampled datas at last, draw out pressure history according to these data values then, draw out the Grad curve that pressure changes according to pressure history, at last go out the high, normal, basic viscosity number of cutting the place of blood sample, obtain according to the Grad curve calculation:
|
P(Pa) |
Q(cm
3)
|
Height is cut data |
57555 |
0.584 |
In cut data |
70231 |
0.504 |
The low data of cutting |
90076 |
0.295 |
According to viscosity formula η=π R
4Thereby P/8QL obtains:
Height is cut data viscosity |
5.04 |
In cut data viscosity |
7.12 |
The low data viscosity of cutting |
15.59 |
Embodiment 3: the caliber of setting sample introduction needle is: 5cm and length are: 0.05cm; The caliber of detector tube is: L:30cm and length are: R:0.25cm; The temperature control of testing process: 37 ± 0.1 ℃
A. the sample tube 6 of detected blood sample being packed into, in this sample tube 6, stretch into sample introduction product pin 1, close the solenoid valve 2 that is connected between sample introduction product pin 1 and the detector tube 5, the sample introduction product pin 1 of solenoid valve 2 both sides and detector tube 5 are isolated, thereby make detector tube 5 form airtight pipeline;
B. the peristaltic pump 4 that is provided with on open detection pipe 5 one ends, air in the detector tube 5 are discharged, thereby make air pressure in the detector tube 5, detect gaseous tension in the described detector tube 5 by baroceptor 3 less than atmospheric pressure, when the air pressure in the detector tube 5 reaches setting value, stop peristaltic pump 4;
C. open solenoid valve 2, blood sample in the sample tube 6 enters sample introduction product pin 1 under pressure, detect blood sample by baroceptor 3 and enter the gas pressure change numerical value in the detector tube 5 in 1 sampling time of sample introduction product pin this moment, the sampling time that blood sample enters sample introduction product pin 1 is 8~12 seconds, this sampling time is divided into 50 sections, the continuous acquisition force value is 100 times on each waypoint, this force value is averaged as the sampled data of this sampling time point, obtain 50 sampled datas at last, draw out pressure history according to these data values then, draw out the Grad curve that pressure changes according to pressure history, at last go out the high, normal, basic viscosity number of cutting the place of blood sample, obtain according to the Grad curve calculation:
|
P(Pa) |
Q(cm
3)
|
Height is cut data |
57483 |
0.588 |
In cut data |
69102 |
0.491 |
The low data of cutting |
90533 |
O.297 |
According to viscosity formula η=π R
4Thereby P/8QL obtains:
Height is cut data viscosity |
4.99 |
In cut data viscosity |
7.19 |
The low data viscosity of cutting |
15.57 |
By above data as can be seen, the blood sample viscosity degree of accuracy height that calculates.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not restriction with the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.