CN203764635U - Solid waste pyrogenic decomposition device by use of molten salt - Google Patents

Solid waste pyrogenic decomposition device by use of molten salt Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203764635U
CN203764635U CN201420192024.7U CN201420192024U CN203764635U CN 203764635 U CN203764635 U CN 203764635U CN 201420192024 U CN201420192024 U CN 201420192024U CN 203764635 U CN203764635 U CN 203764635U
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China
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reactor
molten salt
volatile matter
condenser
pyrolysis
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN201420192024.7U
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Chinese (zh)
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李爱民
赵龙
张雷
高宁博
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid waste disposal and resources recovery and relates to a solid waste pyrogenic decomposition device by use of molten salt. A reactor is a stainless steel cylinder, a reclaiming thermal-insulating door can be transversely and movably opened or closed, a molten salt reaction tank at the bottom of the reactor can enter the reactor in an up-down movement manner, a sealing cover of the reactor is arranged at the upper end of the reactor, a crane is arranged right above the reactor, a hook on the crane stretches into the reactor through the sealing cover of the reactor for moving a pyrolysis basket or the molten salt reaction tank in an up-down movement manner, an air pipe connected at one side of the lower section of the reactor, used as an air inlet, stretches into the bottom of the molten salt reaction tank, an air pipe at the other side of the reactor is used as a volatile matter outlet, the volatile matter outlet, a volatile matter reformer and a condenser are sequentially connected, an exhaust gas outlet is arranged at the upper section of the reactor, the volatile matter reformer is connected with the condenser, the lower end of the condenser is connected with a pyrolytic oil collecting tank, a gas outlet at the upper end of the condenser is connected with an air storage tank which is connected with a fuel gas combustion chamber. The solid waste pyrogenic decomposition device has simple technological process and convenience in operation.

Description

A kind of device of fuse salt pyrolysis solid waste
Technical field
The utility model belongs to solid waste to be processed and resource recovery technology field, relates to a kind of device of fuse salt pyrolysis solid waste.
Background technology
Solid waste enormous amount, seriously polluted, contains again ample resources and the energy simultaneously, therefore need to carry out suitable processing and recovery to it.Heat treatment technics is commonly use in solid waste processing and recovery technology a kind of, as waste incineration, and waste pyrolysis etc.Wherein pyrolytic technique is because its generation exhaust gas volumn is few, and energy resources rate of recovery advantages of higher, is considered to a kind of promising solid waste and processes recovery technology.Pyrolysis is that organic matter is heated under isolated air conditions, make it decomposition and inversion and become the fuel have use value or the thermochemical process of industrial chemicals, the various solid wastes such as plastics, rubber, clinical waste, electronic waste all can adopt the method to process and reclaim, but in these solid waste, often contain brominated flame retardant, at pyrolytic process, can produce the predecessor of a large amount of bioxin such as bromine-containing compound, as bromo-hydrocarbons, bromine phenol, bromobenzene, PBDE, contaminated environment not only, has also largely limited the recycling of thermal decomposition product.Numerous drawbacks limit of general method for pyrolysis its extensive use, as high in cost, heat and mass transfer efficiency is low, energy consumption is large, decomposition efficiency is low etc., therefore needs constantly to deepen the research in solid waste pyrolytic technique.
Utilize fuse salt can effectively address the above problem as pyrolysis medium, fuse salt has good heat storage capacity, and mass-and heat-transfer coefficient is high, rapidly and efficiently decomposing organic matter, can also absorb and transform the harmful substance that pyrolytic process produces, fuse salt pyrolytic technique was subject to extensive concern in recent years.Peter C.H etc. [1]utilize melting Na 2cO 3process solid waste, as organic waste, chloride material, useless circuit board, plastics etc., these materials are fully decomposed in fuse salt body, organic substance decomposing is thorough, and product is containing pernicious gas, as polyphenol, furans, aromatic hydrocarbons etc., pyrolysis gas can be used as the energy and synthesis gas utilization.The people such as Zou Jinbao [2]also propose the research tendency of fuse salt pyrolysis and gasification solid waste, developing industry, low energy consumption, high efficiency fuse salt pyrolytic process and reactor, also proposed the problem that waste residue resource and fuse salt recycle.The patent of invention that publication number is CN102389888A provides experiment and the method for utilizing the useless circuit board powder of carbonate fusion salt pair to gasify, resource separation and recovery have been realized, but adopt molten salt reaction temperature higher, for 900-1000 ℃, high and energy consumption of reaction is larger to equipment requirement, and the method for reclaiming of fuse salt is not proposed, there is equally above-mentioned defect in the patent of invention of CN101905234B and CN1289653A.The pyrolysis temperature of general solid waste is 300 ℃-500 ℃, if can adopt molten low melting point salt to realize organic low temperature pyrogenation or gasification, not only can reduce energy consumption of reaction, can also reduce cost and the loss of equipment, reduces the pollution to environment simultaneously.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of device of fuse salt pyrolysis solid waste, utilize this device using fuse salt as pyrolysis medium, solid waste is immersed in fuse salt, solid waste under the pyrolytical condition of setting, obtain efficient solution from and decompose recyclable various resource materials.In solid waste, the thermal decomposition product of organic component is recycled as the energy and resource material.
A device for fuse salt pyrolysis solid waste, this device comprises feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door, air intake, exhanst gas outlet, gas combustion chamber, crane, reactor seal cover, molten salt react ion pond, pyrolysis basket, volatile matter outlet, volatile matter reformer, condenser, pyrolysis oil collecting tank, air accumulator; Reactor is stainless steel cylinder, and the feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door of take is divided into the epimere of reactor and the hypomere of reactor as boundary, and the epimere outer wall of reactor is insulation material, and the gas combustion chamber of reactor hypomere outer wall is the main place of fuse salt pyrolytic reaction; Feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door can open or close by transverse shifting; The molten salt react ion pond that is placed in reactor bottom is stainless steel cylinder, can move up and down turnover reactor; Reactor seal cover is placed in reactor upper end, for opening reactor upper port so that input and output material; Crane be placed in reactor directly over, the hook on crane stretches in reactor in order to move up and down pyrolysis basket or molten salt react ion pond by reactor seal cover, pyrolysis basket is that stainless steel screen drum is placed in molten salt react ion pond in order to hold raw material; The external breather pipe of hypomere one side of reactor stretches into bottom, molten salt react ion pond as air intake, and opposite side is provided with breather pipe and exports as volatile matter, and volatile matter outlet, volatile matter reformer are connected successively with condenser; The epimere of reactor is provided with breather pipe as exhanst gas outlet; Volatile matter reformer connects condenser, termination pyrolysis oil collecting tank under condenser, and upper end of condenser gas outlet connects air accumulator, and air accumulator is connected with gas combustion chamber.Connection between whole reactor and outside each several part is closely to guarantee good air-tightness.
Useful result of the present utility model is that fuse salt can fully contact with solid waste, has improved mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, and organic substance decomposing is quick and efficient.Fuse salt can absorb the sour gas that organic matter decomposable process produces, pernicious gas, and volatile heavy metal, reduces environmental pollution.Fuse salt has good heat storage performance, can absorb the energy that organic substance decomposing and oxidizing process discharge, and improves energy utilization rate.Fuse salt, to inorganic oxide, as glass and pottery also have very high solubilizing reaction effect, reclaims and provides convenience for the separation of product.Fused salt regenerative system can reduce reaction cost.After fuse salt pyrolysis, solid waste can efficiently be dissociated, and resource material is recycled, and the thermal decomposition product of organic component can be used as the energy and resource material is recycled, and whole process produces harm to environment hardly.Difference different according to solid waste kind and reaction condition can suitably regulate response parameter, its pyrolysis processing that is applied to the debirs such as electronic waste, plastics, rubber, clinical waste and resource are reclaimed, living beings, coal pyrolysis produce oil, the aspects such as vaporizing system combustion gas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is the device schematic diagram of fuse salt pyrolysis solid waste.
In figure: 1 feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door; 2 air intakes; 3 gas combustion chamber; 4 molten salt react ion ponds;
5 pyrolysis baskets; 6 reactor seal covers; 7 cranes; 8 exhanst gas outlets; 9 volatile matter outlets;
10 volatile matter reformers; 11 pyrolysis oil collecting tanks; 12 condensers; 13 air accumulators.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with technical scheme, accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The useless circuit board of KOH-NaOH mixed melting salt pyrolysis reclaims resource
Open feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door 1 and reactor seal cover 6, utilize crane 7 that the molten salt react ion pond 4 that 200g40wt.%NaOH – 60wt.%KOH congruent melting salt is housed is dropped to reative cell lower end, use electrical heating that molten salt react ion pond is heated to 500 ℃ and then keep constant temperature, fuse salt is in a liquid state, pass into a small amount of nitrogen and keep inert atmosphere, utilize crane that the pyrolysis basket 5 that the useless circuit board of 20g is housed is transferred to 4 upper ends, molten salt react ion pond from upper end, off-response device seal cover and air intake, connect volatile matter outlet 9, volatile matter reformer 10, condenser 12, pyrolysis oil collecting tank 11 and air accumulator 13, check that air-tightness is good, pyrolysis basket 5 is moved down and immersed in molten salt react ion pond 4, remove hook, close feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door 1, set reaction time 30min left and right, collect the liquids and gases product producing during this period of time.Organic component pyrolysis under the left and right of fuse salt in useless circuit board, produces a large amount of volatile matters, from exporting 9, enters volatile matter reformer 10 and carries out reforming reaction, then enters condensation in condenser, collects condensed product, and fixed gas enters in air accumulator and stores.Arrive after the reaction time, close volatile matter outlet, open feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door, with crane, pyrolysis basket is shifted out to melting salt reactor, in upper end, fused salt was removed in standing 5 minutes, then open reactor seal cover, pyrolysis basket is shifted out to reative cell cooling.In fuse salt, the removal of carbon residue adopts submersible burning method, opens feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door and exhanst gas outlet, and off-response device seal cover and volatile matter outlet, pass into air from air intake, improves temperature to 600 ℃ above by carbon residue burning, can make fused salt regeneration simultaneously.
Pyrolysis oil productive rate is less, approximately 10% left and right, and wherein phenol accounts for 50% left and right, and all the other aromatic substances such as be substituted phenol are not brominated after testing; Pyrolysis gas productive rate is 25% left and right, wherein H 2account for more than 70% CO and CH 4account for 20%, all the other are short-chain fat appropriate hydrocarbon gas, detect not containing HBr CH through GC/MS 3br, the pernicious gases such as bromobenzene.After reaction, in useless circuit board, scolding tin melts, and electronic component departs from, and organic adhesive decomposes, and Copper Foil is departed from from glass fibre, and segment glass fiber and molten salt reaction are dissolved in fused salt.In pyrolysis basket, material is through the cooling electronic component that departs from of can obtaining, Copper Foil, and a small amount of unreacted glass fibre, simple screening is separable recovery.Other glass fibres and metal dust are retained in fused salt, and cooling by fused salt dissolved with filter can separated recovery, and inoganic solids can be used as glass processed, ceramic raw material.The solution obtaining is carried out to the recyclable part fused salt of evaporative crystallization and recycle, after gas-purification, can in combustion chamber 3, burn and provide part to maintain the required energy of reaction chamber temperature.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of the device by fuse salt pyrolysis solid waste, concrete steps are as follows: reaction front opening feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door and reactor seal cover, with crane, the molten salt react ion pond that 40wt%NaOH – 60wt%KOH mixed melting salt is housed is placed in to reactor bottom, heating molten salt react ion pond to fuse salt is in a liquid state; Then utilize crane that the pyrolysis basket that solid waste is housed is transferred to upper end, molten salt react ion pond from the upper port of reactor, off-response device seal cover and air intake, connect each several part device and check air-tightness, pyrolysis basket is moved down and immersed in molten salt react ion pond, remove the hook of crane, close feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door, set reaction time 30min, collect the liquids and gases product producing.In course of reaction, solid waste is decomposed generation small-molecule substance, volatile matter is overflowed and is entered volatile matter reformer continuation reaction from volatile matter outlet, then enter condenser condenses, product liquid enters pyrolysis oil collecting tank, on-condensible gas enters air accumulator and stores, and the gas in air accumulator passes into gas combustion chamber's burning, and the energy that maintains reaction chamber temperature is provided.After reaction, open feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door, with hook, pyrolysis basket is promoted to also standing 5min fuse salt is departed from, then open reactor seal cover, shift out reactor and carry out cooling and later separation recycling.If it is less that fuse salt consumes, carbon residue is less, until temperature be raised to temperature required after charging and reaction again; If residual waste is more in fuse salt, can adopt submersible burning to remove residual waste, absorb the heat of its release, maintain the state of self, improve the heat utilization efficiency of pyrolytic process, concrete operations are for opening feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door and exhanst gas outlet, and off-response device seal cover and volatile matter export, from air intake, pass into air, improve temperature to 600 ℃ and above carbon residue is burnt.The fused salt that reaches access times need to shift out molten salt react ion pond, by heat exchanger, collects its heat, then to cooled fuse salt dissolve, the operation such as filtration, evaporative crystallization, make fuse salt regeneration, filter the residue obtaining and can be used as inorganic material utilization.

Claims (1)

1. the device of a fuse salt pyrolysis solid waste, it is characterized in that, this device comprises feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door, air intake, exhanst gas outlet, gas combustion chamber, crane, reactor seal cover, molten salt react ion pond, pyrolysis basket, volatile matter outlet, volatile matter reformer, condenser, pyrolysis oil collecting tank, air accumulator; Reactor is stainless steel cylinder, and the feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door of take is divided into the epimere of reactor and the hypomere of reactor as boundary, and the epimere outer wall of reactor is insulation material, and the gas combustion chamber of reactor hypomere outer wall is the main place of fuse salt pyrolytic reaction; Feeding thermal insulating door thermally insulated door can open or close by transverse shifting; The molten salt react ion pond that is placed in reactor bottom is stainless steel cylinder, can move up and down turnover reactor; Reactor seal cover is placed in reactor upper end, for opening reactor upper port so that input and output material; Crane be placed in reactor directly over, the hook on crane stretches in reactor in order to move up and down pyrolysis basket or molten salt react ion pond by reactor seal cover, pyrolysis basket is that stainless steel screen drum is placed in molten salt react ion pond in order to hold raw material; The external breather pipe of hypomere one side of reactor stretches into bottom, molten salt react ion pond as air intake, and opposite side is provided with breather pipe and exports as volatile matter, and volatile matter outlet, volatile matter reformer are connected successively with condenser; The epimere of reactor is provided with breather pipe as exhanst gas outlet; Volatile matter reformer connects condenser, termination pyrolysis oil collecting tank under condenser, and upper end of condenser gas outlet connects air accumulator, and air accumulator is connected with gas combustion chamber.
CN201420192024.7U 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Solid waste pyrogenic decomposition device by use of molten salt Expired - Lifetime CN203764635U (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104399732A (en) * 2014-04-17 2015-03-11 大连理工大学 Apparatus for pyrolyzing solid wastes through molten salt, and method thereof
CN104479756A (en) * 2014-11-05 2015-04-01 江西理工大学 Water-vapor gasification separation apparatus and method for waste printed circuit boards
CN106237950A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-12-21 太原理工大学 For the reaction unit of fuse salt catalytic gasification petroleum residue and the method that uses it
CN106830732A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-13 长安大学 A kind of incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method
WO2018107805A1 (en) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 大连理工大学 Organic matter self-energized pyrolysis and combustion periodic reaction device and method
US10544936B1 (en) 2018-12-04 2020-01-28 Hélio Da Igreja Thermochemical treatment system for plastic and/or elastomeric waste
CN114409213A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-29 东北石油大学 Molten salt-oily sludge thermochemical conversion fluidized bed reactor, system and application thereof

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104399732A (en) * 2014-04-17 2015-03-11 大连理工大学 Apparatus for pyrolyzing solid wastes through molten salt, and method thereof
CN104479756A (en) * 2014-11-05 2015-04-01 江西理工大学 Water-vapor gasification separation apparatus and method for waste printed circuit boards
CN106237950A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-12-21 太原理工大学 For the reaction unit of fuse salt catalytic gasification petroleum residue and the method that uses it
WO2018107805A1 (en) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 大连理工大学 Organic matter self-energized pyrolysis and combustion periodic reaction device and method
US11020702B2 (en) * 2016-12-12 2021-06-01 Dalian University Of Technology Simultaneous reaction system and method for organic material pyrolysis and combustion
CN106830732A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-06-13 长安大学 A kind of incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method
US10544936B1 (en) 2018-12-04 2020-01-28 Hélio Da Igreja Thermochemical treatment system for plastic and/or elastomeric waste
CN114409213A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-29 东北石油大学 Molten salt-oily sludge thermochemical conversion fluidized bed reactor, system and application thereof
CN114409213B (en) * 2022-01-13 2023-01-24 东北石油大学 Molten salt-oily sludge thermochemical conversion fluidized bed reactor, system and application thereof

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