CN106830732A - A kind of incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method, involved method includes：Reacted during incineration of refuse flyash is added into fused salt；The flying dust fused salt generated in course of reaction is discharged from molten state sodium chloride and is deposited in molten state sodium chloride bottom, and the flying dust fused salt slag for collecting bottom is used as cement additire；Escaping gas is produced to collect heavy metal therein by condensing in course of reaction, remaining gas discharge；The fused salt is the one or two kinds of combination of the above thing in sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate.Processing method process is simple of the invention, resource utilization degree is high.

Description

A kind of incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of environment protection danger disposition of solid waste and comprehensive utilization, and in particular to a kind of rubbish burns Burn flying dust harmlessness disposing technology and method.

Background technology

Traditional incineration of refuse flyash has many disposal technologies.It is specifically divided into four major classes：Separation and leaching technology；Heat treatment skill Art, solidifies stabilization technique and other technologies.But resource, innoxious, minimizing and economical rationality, safety height are met simultaneously The method of the actual requirement of effect does not almost have.

Solidification Stabilized technology, not only increase-volume, and solidification stabilizing material price enterprise high, add landfill storage comprehensive cost It is high；

Separate extraction class technical equipment expensive, complex process, high cost；

There is high temperature, high energy consumption and maximum discharge in heat treatment class technology, but in actual applications, incineration of refuse flyash Resource, minimizing aspect have some superiority after heat treatment, and especially the innoxious and minimizing of smelting technology is fairly obvious, Developed country is applied.

With the improvement of people ' s living standards, the raising of environmental consciousness, the chemical composition of incineration of refuse flyash also there occurs Obvious change, outstanding feature is high salinity and high oxidation calcium content so that traditional fusion technology is met difficulty, and is not being added Plus in the case of cosolvent, the melt temperature of incineration of refuse flyash adds secondary flying ash treatment, high energy more than 1500 DEG C There is unprecedented technical difficulty in consumption, smelting process.And even if using sintering technology, sintering temperature is very high, the salt in flying dust Divide and directly affect sintered article quality, need to carry out washing desalting processing before sintering, cost is improved, complex process, and sintering system The Leaching of Heavy Metals risk of product is still present.

Firing technique is mixed using cement after washing, cement production capacity surplus is faced, cement burns till that incorporation is small, and kiln tail chlorion is dense Degree is improved and the hidden danger of kiln tail preheater skinning increases, and villaumite is reclaimed, filters many technical problems such as hardened so that cement Mix burning and face many difficulties.

Existing cement solidification technology, substantially, weightening is obvious, and heavy metal is not He bioxin is obtained for incineration of refuse flyash increase-volume It is basic to solve.

The content of the invention

For domestic and international the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of low cost, minimizing, the place of harmless resource utilization Reason technology.

The incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method that the present invention is provided includes：Will be anti-in incineration of refuse flyash addition fused salt Should；The flying dust fused salt slag generated in course of reaction is discharged from molten state sodium chloride and is deposited in molten state sodium chloride bottom, is received The flying dust fused salt slag for collecting bottom is used as cement additire；The escaping gas produced in course of reaction collects it by condensing In heavy metal, remaining gas discharge；The fused salt is sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate In one or two kinds of combination of the above thing.

In a kind of implementation method, reaction temperature of the invention is 600-1000 DEG C, and the reaction time is 0.5-8 hours.

In a kind of implementation method, incineration of refuse flyash quality of the invention is 1 with fused salt mass ratio:2-20.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of flyash treatment method for waste incineration of the invention is：

(1) processing method process is simple of the invention, resource utilization degree is high；

(2) processing method of the invention, heat treatment temperature is relatively low, and energy consumption is low.

(3) processing method of the invention, fused salt low cost, integrated operation processing cost is low；

(4) processing method of the invention, environmental protection, without secondary environmental pollution.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the invention.

Specific embodiment

Incineration of refuse flyash of the invention is the poisonous flying dust that consumer waste incineration or medical refuse burning are obtained.Without Crossing during any treatment is directly added into fused salt carries out clearing up reaction.

Heavy metal volatile matter of the invention is mainly the compound of lead, zinc, cadmium, chromium and copper etc., and tradition can be taken after condensation Wet-process metallurgy method recycle, a small amount of volatilization gas are washed by sodium hydroxide lye and discharged, and the fused salt of volatilization is reclaimed and followed Ring is used.

Flying dust fused salt slag of the invention by after washing, fused salt is reclaimed in the evaporation of washing filtering solution, dry as water by filter residue Cement mixture or concrete admixture are used.

The following is the specific embodiment that inventor provides, explanation is further explained with to technical scheme.

Certain garbage burning factory flying dust is carried out into Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration carries out test result such as table 1 below, it can be seen that Cd, Pb severe overweights, belong to danger wastes.

The original fly-ash heavy metal leaching concentration of table 1 is contrasted with GB

Element	Cr	Cu	Zn	Cd	Pb
						Original flying dust leaching concentration (μ g/L)	209.4	6498	21970	1819	1936
GB16889-2008(μg/L)	1500	40000	100000	150	250

Embodiment 1：

By 100 grams of flying dust, add and react 4 hours in 500 grams 900 DEG C of sodium chloride fused salt, what is generated in course of reaction flies Grey fused salt is discharged from molten state sodium chloride and is deposited in molten state sodium chloride bottom, collects the flying dust fused salt slag of bottom as water Mud additive is used；Escaping gas is produced to collect heavy metal therein by condensing in course of reaction, remaining gas discharge；

The Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration for measuring slag see the table below 2, there it can be seen that flying dust is after fused salt is cleared up, a huge sum of money Category chloridizing volatilization, heavy metal ion dissolution rate significantly declines, and 50 grams of slags are obtained after washing, and predominant crystal ore deposit is contained in slag Thing is：Dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate and Ali's nit, calcium sulfate, not only fully meet household refuse landfill sites pollutant control The requirement of index processed, and can be used as cement mixture.Contain 40% heavy metal ion in heavy metal volatile matter, completely Can recycle.

The flying dust of table 2 is 1 with fused salt weight ratio:Heavy metal ion leaching concentration after 5 treatment

Synthesized crystalline mineral material adds 42.5R after being finely ground to less than 200 mesh according to 30% percentage by weight In cement, cement mechanical property does not decline not only, is improved on the contrary.Result see the table below 3：

Table 3

Embodiment 2：

By 100 grams of flying dust, in adding 1200 grams 1000 DEG C of sodium chloride, calcium chloride and potassium chloride fused salt mixt, wherein chlorine It is 80% to change sodium weight ratio, and calcium chloride is 10%, potassium chloride 10%, and fused salt reacts 2 hours, and the flying dust generated in course of reaction melts Salt is discharged from molten state sodium chloride and is deposited in molten state sodium chloride bottom, and the flying dust fused salt slag for collecting bottom adds as cement Plus agent is used；Escaping gas is produced to collect heavy metal therein by condensing in course of reaction, remaining gas discharge；

The Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration for measuring slag see the table below 4, there it can be seen that flying dust is after fused salt is cleared up, a huge sum of money Category chloridizing volatilization, heavy metal ion dissolution rate significantly declines, and 48 grams of slags are obtained after washing, and predominant crystal ore deposit is contained in slag Thing is：Dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate and Ali's nit, calcium sulfate, not only fully meet household refuse landfill sites pollutant control The requirement of index processed, and with Binder Materials mineral composition, can as active addition of cement using or concrete mix Material is closed to use.Contain 341% heavy metal ion in heavy metal volatile matter, can recycle completely.

The flying dust of table 4 is 1 with fused salt weight ratio:Heavy metal ion leaching concentration after 12 treatment

Synthesized crystalline mineral material adds 42.5R after being finely ground to less than 200 mesh according to 30% percentage by weight In cement, cement performance has declined, and as a result see the table below 5：

Table 5

Embodiment 3：

By 100 grams of flying dust, in adding 800 grams 600 DEG C of sodium chloride and calcium chloride and magnesium chloride fused salt mixt, wherein chlorination Sodium weight ratio is 90%, and calcium chloride is 10%, magnesium chloride 10%, and fused salt reacts 8 hours, the flying dust fused salt generated in course of reaction Molten state sodium chloride bottom is discharged and is deposited in from molten state sodium chloride, and the flying dust fused salt slag for collecting bottom is added as cement Agent is used；Escaping gas is produced to collect heavy metal therein by condensing in course of reaction, remaining gas discharge；

The Leaching of Heavy Metals concentration for measuring slag see the table below 6, there it can be seen that flying dust is after fused salt is cleared up, a huge sum of money Category chloridizing volatilization, heavy metal ion dissolution rate significantly declines, and 49 grams of slags are obtained after washing, and predominant crystal ore deposit is contained in slag Thing is：Dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate and Ali's nit, calcium sulfate, not only fully meet household refuse landfill sites pollutant control The requirement of index processed, and with Binder Materials mineral composition, can be as active addition of cement or concrete admixture Use.Contain 38% heavy metal ion in heavy metal volatile matter, can recycle completely.

The flying dust of table 6 is 1 with fused salt weight ratio:Heavy metal ion leaching concentration after 8 treatment

Synthesized crystalline mineral material adds 42.5R after being finely ground to less than 200 mesh according to 30% percentage by weight In cement, cement mechanical property is improved.Result see the table below 7：

Table 7

Claims (3)

1. a kind of incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method, it is characterised in that methods described includes：

Reacted during incineration of refuse flyash is added into fused salt；

The flying dust fused salt slag generated in course of reaction is discharged from molten state sodium chloride and is deposited in molten state sodium chloride bottom, is received The flying dust fused salt slag for collecting bottom is used as cement additire；

The escaping gas produced in course of reaction collects heavy metal therein by condensing, remaining gas discharge；

The fused salt is more than the one or two kinds of in sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate Composition.

2. incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the reaction temperature is 600-1000 DEG C, the reaction time is 0.5-8 hours.

3. incineration of refuse flyash disposal of resources method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the incineration of refuse flyash Quality is 1 with fused salt mass ratio:2-20.