CN1931458A - Vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash - Google Patents
Vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN1931458A CN1931458A CN 200610112863 CN200610112863A CN1931458A CN 1931458 A CN1931458 A CN 1931458A CN 200610112863 CN200610112863 CN 200610112863 CN 200610112863 A CN200610112863 A CN 200610112863A CN 1931458 A CN1931458 A CN 1931458A
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Abstract
The vacuum assisted heat treatment process of incinerated fly ash includes two steps, including the step of forming and drying incinerated fly ash and the step of vacuum heat treatment. In the step of forming and drying incinerated fly ash, the fly ash, additive and adhesive are mixed homogeneously, the mixture is made into pellet or block, and the pellet or block is dried to water content less than 1 %. In the step of vacuum heat treatment, the pellet or block material is loaded into boat and vacuum heat treated in a vacuum furnace, the volatilized organic matter and heavy metal vapor are captured with a condensator, and the treated residue and distilled condensate are collected. The present invention can treat dangerous fly ash with high heavy metal content effectively, and the collected residue and distilled condensate may be used as material. The technological process is simple, and has high heavy metal eliminating rate, low power consumption and no secondary pollution.
Description
1, technical field
The invention belongs to the making fly-ash from incineration harmless and the recycling treatment process of field of environment protection, especially be fit to heavy metal cadmium, lead and the high dangerous flying ash of zinc content.
2, technical background
Heavy metal mainly occurs with oxide, sulfate, silicate, chloride and complex compound form in the flying ash, has quite high leaching rate and bio-toxicity.In order to reduce the harm of flying dust to environment, prevent that the toxic heavy metal in the flying dust from polluting soil, underground water, must carry out harmless treatment to flying ash.Popular in the world processing mode has following 4 kinds at present: coagulating cement solidifies processing, chemicals treatment, acid solution leaches processing and melting and solidification is handled.The shortcoming that coagulating cement solidifies is, needs a large amount of cement, and the refuse volume and weight increases doubly a lot, has increased difficulty of post-processing; The shortcoming of chemicals treatment is that cost is too high, and stablizing effect is subjected to the influence of pH value bigger; Acid solution leaches the shortcoming of handling, and needs a large amount of acid solutions, produces a large amount of high-concentration waste waters simultaneously, and secondary pollution is outstanding.The advantage of melt process is a flying dust volume reduction rate height, and toxicants such as organic compound are wherein decomposed removal fully, and slag can be recovered resource once more again, as batchings such as roadbed, construction material, cement.But shortcoming is to operate about 1200～1400 ℃, and power consumption is big, cost is high, and sustainability is relatively poor.Particularly for the developing country of the energy and fund relative shortage, promoting the use of of this method can be very limited; Fusion is simultaneously disposed relatively poor for the higher high-risk flying dust treatment effeciency of content of beary metal, because heavy metals such as a large amount of lead, zinc, cadmium, mercury can evaporate in melting process, produces secondary pollution.
3, summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides in order to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists just that a kind of flow process is simple, removal efficiency of heavy metals is high, power consumption is little, do not produce the vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash of secondary pollution.
Vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash is characterized in that, production technology is divided into two operations, i.e. flying ash shaping and drying operation and vacuum heat operation; Described shaping and drying operation is about to flying dust and chlorinating agent, adhesive mix and granulation or clamp dog, will make again or the dry materials of piece to moisture less than 1%; Described vacuum drying oven treatment process is granular or lump material to be packed into expect in the boat, to expect that boat is sent into and carry out vacuum heat in the vacuum drying oven, organic matter that vacuum drying oven volatilizes and heavy metal steam are caught after the condenser cooling, open fire door after finishing dealing with, take out residue and distillation condensate in the material boat respectively.
Main applicable object of the present invention is the higher flying ash of content of beary metal, and wherein the content of cadmium, lead and zinc has one at least greater than 5000mg/kg; Described shaping and drying operation is by batch mixing, granulation or clamp dog or dry the composition, and granulation or the used binding agent of clamp dog are industrial starch, and addition is 1～3% of a flying ash weight; Chlorinating agent is ammonium chloride or sodium chloride, and addition determined by the chlorinity of flying ash, need not add when chlorinity in the flying dust＞0.6%, otherwise add 1～2% of flying dust weight, and baking temperature is 120～150 ℃; Described vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash is characterized in that, described vacuum heat operation, the mode of heating of its vacuum drying oven is an indirect, the fire box temperature of vacuum drying oven is 400～900 ℃, and vacuum is 10～1000Pa, and condenser temperature is-10～10 ℃.
Shaping and drying operation of the present invention mainly contains two aspect purposes, is in order to satisfy the requirement of vacuum heat to furnace charge on the one hand; The purpose of chlorinating agent is to reduce the temperature of vacuum heat on the other hand, because muriatic volatilization temperature generally can be less than oxide and pure material.The condenser temperature of vacuum heat operation is-10～10 ℃, guarantees the cooling fully of metal vapors and organic vapo(u)r, does not produce secondary pollution.
Further set forth content of the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description and enforcement
4, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention
5, the specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash mainly is divided into two operations, i.e. flying ash shaping and drying operation and vacuum heat operation.In the present embodiment, flying dust comes from the dangerous waste incinerator in southern china city.This flying ash utilizes inductively-coupled plasma spectrometer (OPTIMA 2000) to measure the content of its main heavy metal element after adopting the HNO3/HClO4/HF/HCl method to clear up.The content of beary metal of this flying dust is very high, and the content of cadmium, lead and zinc is 95,6700 and 13000mg/kg, belongs to hazardous waste, if do not add appropriate preliminary treatment, possibly underground water is polluted after entering landfill yard.This flying dust sample chlorinity is 0.66%, so need not add chlorinating agent.Only add 2% binding agent, make granularly, 120～150 ℃ are dried to moisture less than 1% then.
Dry back sample is packed in the quartzy material boat, will expect that boat packs in the vacuum drying oven, and design temperature is 700～900 ℃, and vacuum is 10～1000Pa, and the time is discharging after 4 hours.Metal that volatilizes in the heating process and organic vapo(u)r utilization are arranged on the outer condenser of stove and catch.The temperature of condenser is controlled at about 0 ℃.After finishing dealing with, main poisonous removal rate of heavy metal is cadmium＞90% in the flying dust residue, plumbous＞80%, zinc＞60%, the toxicity leaching experiment is the result show, every heavy metal concentration all is no more than national standard (GB5085.3-1996) in the leachate, and this residue does not belong to hazardous waste, can be used as the raw material of producing cement and uses.And the lead content in the volatilization condensate is 10～40%, and zinc content is 8～30%, can be used as the high-grade valuable mineral and uses.
Claims (4)
1, vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash is characterized in that, production technology is divided into two operations, i.e. flying ash shaping and drying operation and vacuum heat operation; Described shaping and drying operation is about to flying dust and chlorinating agent, adhesive mix and granulation or clamp dog, will make again or the dry materials of piece to moisture less than 1%; Described vacuum drying oven treatment process is that granular or lump material are packed in the material boat, and will expect that boat is sent into carries out vacuum heat in the vacuum drying oven, and organic matter that vacuum drying oven volatilizes and heavy metal steam are caught after condenser cools off.Take out respectively after finishing dealing with in the material boat and distill condensate in the residue and condenser.
According to claims 1 described vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash, it is characterized in that 2, cadmium, lead or zinc concentration have one at least greater than 5000mg/kg in the flying ash.
3, according to claims 1 described vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash, it is characterized in that, described shaping and drying operation is by batch mixing, granulation or clamp dog and dry the composition, and granulation or the used binding agent of clamp dog are industrial starch, and addition is 1～3% of a flying ash weight; Additive is ammonium chloride or sodium chloride, and addition determined by the chlorinity of flying ash, need not add when chlorinity in the flying dust＞0.6%, otherwise be added into 1～2% of flying dust weight, and baking temperature is 120～150 ℃.
4, according to claims 1 described vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash, it is characterized in that, described vacuum heat operation, the mode of heating of its vacuum drying oven is an indirect, the fire box temperature of vacuum drying oven is 400～900 ℃, vacuum is 10～1000Pa, and condenser temperature is-10～10 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610112863 CN1931458A (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2006-09-06 | Vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610112863 CN1931458A (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2006-09-06 | Vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1931458A true CN1931458A (en) | 2007-03-21 |
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| CN 200610112863 Pending CN1931458A (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2006-09-06 | Vacuum assisted heat treatment process with incinerated fly ash |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822886A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-09-08 | 刘阳生 | Secondary gasification method of fly ash in waste incineration |
| CN102357505A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2012-02-22 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Combined additive for burnt fly ash vitrification and burnt fly ash vitrification method |
| CN102618725A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for extracting amphoteric heavy metal by adopting incineration fly ash as low-grade heavy metal |
| CN109772848A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of city garbage burning lime-ash and the buried closed method of disposal of filling of flying dust |
| CN114472448A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-05-13 | 北京恩萨工程技术有限公司 | Fly ash demercuration device and method |
-
2006
- 2006-09-06 CN CN 200610112863 patent/CN1931458A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101822886A (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2010-09-08 | 刘阳生 | Secondary gasification method of fly ash in waste incineration |
| CN102357505A (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2012-02-22 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Combined additive for burnt fly ash vitrification and burnt fly ash vitrification method |
| CN102357505B (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Combined additive for burnt fly ash vitrification and burnt fly ash vitrification method |
| CN102618725A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Method for extracting amphoteric heavy metal by adopting incineration fly ash as low-grade heavy metal |
| CN109772848A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-21 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of city garbage burning lime-ash and the buried closed method of disposal of filling of flying dust |
| CN114472448A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-05-13 | 北京恩萨工程技术有限公司 | Fly ash demercuration device and method |
| CN114472448B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-11-24 | 北京恩萨工程技术有限公司 | Device and method for removing mercury from fly ash |
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Open date: 20070321 |