CN104152206B - Flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method - Google Patents
Flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104152206B CN104152206B CN201410423517.1A CN201410423517A CN104152206B CN 104152206 B CN104152206 B CN 104152206B CN 201410423517 A CN201410423517 A CN 201410423517A CN 104152206 B CN104152206 B CN 104152206B
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- pelletizing
- additive
- chromium slag
- flying dust
- electroplating sludge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The present invention relates to flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method, in hazardous waste, add the additive be made up of coal dust or carbon black and quick lime, mix; Material enters in a palletizing device, and adds the additive be made up of iron oxide red, bentonite, polyacrylamide, calcium sulfate, sodium carbonate, after mixing, carries out a pelletizing; Sieve pelletizing, granularity is greater than 5mm and carries out secondary pelletizing, is less than 5mm and returns a balling equipment continuation pelletizing; Material enters in secondary palletizing device, and adds quick lime, according to technological process, carries out secondary pelletizing; At pelletizing surface parcel one deck additive; The pelletizing that secondary pelletizing obtains, enters cement kiln or agglomerating plant carries out roasting.Method of the present invention, effectively clean: thoroughly decomposing organic matter, curing heavy metal, without residue lime-ash, non-secondary pollution; Energy-conserving and environment-protective: heat release during combustible combustion in refuse, save crude fuel, reduce the CO that burning produces
2, reduce greenhouse effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of innoxious, recycling processing method of hazardous waste, be specifically related to flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method.
Background technology
In order to properly settle domestic waste problem, waste incineration and generating electricity presents good growth momentum in the whole nation, but containing heavy metal, (with bioxin, the content of heavy metal lead (Pb) is 738-79500mg/kg to the) such as lead, cadmium, mercury in residue-flying dust that waste incineration produces; The content of cadmium (Cd) is 4-573mg/kg; Content of dioxin, at 1000-50000ng-TEQ/kg, can not meet environmental requirement, hypertoxic organic pollution bioxin, and its toxicity is more than 1000 times of potassium cyanide, even if take the photograph people for a long time also can cause cancer and deformity when denier.If process is not good at constituting a serious threat to the living environment of people.China's consumer waste incineration Environmental capacity standard (GB18485-2001) explicitly points out, and incineration of refuse flyash belongs to hazardous waste, and incineration of refuse flyash is classified as HW18 hazardous waste by " National Hazard refuse register ", can not random landfill disposal.Flying dust must process according to the standard of hazardous waste, and how effectively process and regeneration are undoubtedly important topic urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Chromic salts is widely used in the every field of national economy, and great majority are absolutely necessary expendable industrial chemicals.Often produce 1 ton of chromic salts product, 2.5 ~ 3 tons of chromium slags can be produced.The calcium chromate with carcinogenic nature and 0.5 ~ 1% water-soluble hypertoxic Cr because containing 1 ~ 2% in chromium slag
6+and become poisonous hazardous waste.Containing magnesium, calcium, silicon, iron, aluminium and responseless chrome green in chromium slag, also containing water-soluble sodium chromate (Na
2cr
2o
7), acid-soluble calcium chromate (Ca
2crO
4) etc.Harmful components in chromium slag are the hexavalent chromium such as water-soluble sodium chromate, acid-soluble calcium chromate mainly.First Cr VI and its loss are spread and form the contamination hazard to ecological environment, are secondly the strong basicity harm of chromium slag.
When chromium slag is stored up in the open, Cr a large amount of after long-term rain shower
6+moltenly to ooze with rainwater, run off, infiltrate earth's surface, thus polluted underground water, also pollute rivers, lake, and then harm farmland, aquatic products and health.Cr
6+very large to the murder by poisoning of health, its compound has very strong oxidation, has harm, seriously may cause lung cancer to the alimentary canal of human body, respiratory tract, skin and mucous membrane.Cr in chromium slag
6+at high temperature progressively can be reduced to Cr
3+, and toxicity is declined so that disappear.In sintering process, the normal temperature of combustion zone is generally at 1150 ~ 1350 DEG C, and there is the reducing atmosphere of local, possesses dynamics and the thermodynamic condition of chromium residue detoxifying completely.By sintering process the Cr in chromium slag
6+be reduced into Cr
3+, substantially remove the harm of chromium slag to environment and human body, there is significant environmental benefit and social benefit.
Electroplating industry is basic industry important in national economy, is also that one of industry is polluted greatly in the current whole world three.The electroplating sludge that electroplating industry produces is the sediment being main component with heavy metal hydroxides such as copper, nickel, chromium produced in electroplating wastewater processing process, complicated component.Investigation finds: main containing heavy metal compound and solubility salts thereof such as chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc in electroplating sludge; Electroplating sludge is enriched the harmful heavy metal such as Cu, Ni, Cr, Zn in electroplating wastewater, is listed in state key hazardous waste.Although China's electroplating industry is rapidly developed, but still there are scattered distribution, small scale, equipment backwardness, managerial skills lowly, cause mud generation large and complicated component.Major part electroplating sludge still just carries out simple landfill, and even arbitrarily stacking, not only cause severe contamination to environment, is also the waste of heavy metal resource.
In addition, leather industry also produces more leather-making mud, the main component of leather-making mud is: chloride, sulfide, sulfate and a small amount of heavy metallic salt etc. of protein, rich mixture, chromium, sodium etc., also containing trace elements such as Al, Mn, Pb, Ti, Fe, chromium, calcium, sodium, sulfide, sulfate and muriatic content are higher.Leather-making mud also can be considered as, containing chromium refuse, also belonging to hazardous waste.Because leather-making mud has certain calorific value, and tool auto-ignition capabilities, so the way process of burning can be adopted, wherein a large amount of bacterium, virus, parasitic ovums etc. so also thoroughly can be eliminated.After leather-making mud burns, the recyclable chromium recycling of remaining ash content, remaining ash content can be used as fertilizer.But owing to containing trivalent chromium in leather-making mud, in high temperature (1l00 DEG C) burning, and have alkaline matter to deposit in case, trivalent chromium will become Cr VI, for ash processing makes troubles.Except the secondary pollution needs solution that Cr VI causes, also must solve dust excessive in flue gas, sulfur dioxide and oxynitrides simultaneously.
How to hazardous wastes such as flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludges (leather-making mud) owing to having that toxicity is large, inflammable and explosive, corrosivity is strong and the hazard property such as infectiousness is strong, continuation can be caused to pollute soil, air, water body and be difficult to eliminate, how to carry out innoxious, recycling treatment to it, be a problem in the urgent need to address.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective, the flying dust of recycling, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: 1, flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) collect flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge, flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge are greater than the ratio of 0% with respective quality, prepare burden;
2) in batching, add additive A, mix;
Described additive A is mixture, and be made up of coal dust or carbon black and quick lime, the mass percent of coal dust or carbon black is 70-85%, and Lime Quality percentage is 15-30%; The mass percent that additive A accounts for whole batching is 15%-20%;
Add the material after additive, if moisture is excessively wet, need drying and processing be carried out, make material moisture be less than 7%; As granularity is excessively thick, need levigate process be carried out, make granularity be less than 200 its quality of object material and be greater than 70%;
3) enter in a palletizing device, and add additive B; After mixing, according to technological process, carry out a pelletizing;
Additive B is a kind of compound binding agent, is powdery solid, and its quality formula is:
Component A:0.5-2.0 part;
Iron oxide red: be greater than 0-2.0 part;
Bentonite: be greater than 0-3.0 part;
Described component A is made up of polyacrylamide, calcium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and its quality proportioning is:
Polyacrylamide 3-5 part;
Calcium sulfate 7-10 part;
Sodium carbonate is greater than 0-10 part;
The mass percent that additive B accounts for whole batching is 1-5%;
The pelletizing that pelletizing obtains sieves, and granularity is greater than 5mm and carries out secondary pelletizing, is less than 5mm and returns a balling equipment and continue pelletizing;
4) after a pelletizing, granularity is greater than the pelletizing of 5mm, enters in secondary palletizing device, and adds addition of C, according to technological process, carries out secondary pelletizing; At pelletizing surface parcel one deck additive;
Addition of C is quick lime, and its mass percent accounting for whole batching is 1-3%;
5) pelletizing that obtains of secondary pelletizing, enters cement kiln or agglomerating plant carries out roasting
Further feature: hazardous waste also comprises leather-making mud, forms the mixture that flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge and leather-making mud four kinds is formed.
Relative to prior art, method tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) effectively clean: thoroughly decomposing organic matter, curing heavy metal, without residue lime-ash, non-secondary pollution.
(2) energy-conserving and environment-protective: heat release during combustible combustion in refuse, save crude fuel, reduce the CO that burning produces
2, reduce greenhouse effects.And be expected to realize manufacture of cement and hazardous waste, Disposal of Domestic integrated, make cement industry become 21st century maximum environment-protecting industrial.
(3) economical and practical: compared with newly-built special incineration plant, utilize cement kiln burning disposal to invest little, only need increase pre-processing device, a large amount of fund inputs can be saved.Utilize new dry process rotary kiln burning disposal house refuse and danger wastes, both can solve part of fuel source, again can curing heavy metal ion, thus realize effective process of discarded object and the reasonable curing of heavy metal ion, there is great environment protection significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is processing method process chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1, flying dust of the present invention, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method, it comprises the steps:
1, collect flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge, flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge are greater than the ratio of 0% with respective quality, prepare burden;
2, in batching, add additive A, mix;
Described additive A is mixture, main plays reduction, inhales chlorine, catalytic action, and be made up of coal dust or carbon black and quick lime, the mass percent of coal dust or carbon black is 70-85%, and Lime Quality percentage is 15-30%; The mass percent that additive A accounts for whole batching is 15%-20%; Quick lime moisture is not considered, coal dust or carbon black moisture General Requirements are less than 7%, as moisture is excessively wet, then dry, and dries and is less than 7% to moisture;
Add the material after additive, if moisture is excessively wet, need drying and processing being carried out, as entered drying machine drying or heating, drying, making material moisture be less than 7%; As raw meal particle size is excessively thick, need levigate process being carried out, carrying out levigate as entered roller mill, make granularity be less than 200 its quality of object material and be greater than 70%;
3, enter in a palletizing device, and add additive B; After mixing, according to technological process, carry out a pelletizing;
Because the balling-up of pelletizing material is poor, add this binding agent and be conducive to material balling-up, and can green ball strength be improved.Additive B is a kind of pelletizing adhesive special, is a kind of compound binding agent, is powdery solid, is made up of inorganic matter and organic matter, and inorganic matter is bentonite, calcium sulfate, sodium carbonate; Organic matter is polyacrylamide.This binding agent quality formula is:
Component A:0.5-2.0 part;
Iron oxide red: be greater than 0-2.0 part;
Bentonite: be greater than 0-3.0 part; Component A mixes with iron oxide red and bentonite;
Component A is made up of polyacrylamide, calcium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and its proportioning is:
Polyacrylamide 3-5 part;
Calcium sulfate 7-10 part;
Sodium carbonate is greater than 0-10 part;
The mass percent that additive B accounts for whole batching is 1-5%, specifically according to the balling-up of material and the requirement of strength to green-ball, determines its best additional proportion.Be less than 200 orders in additive B and be greater than 90%, its general 5-8% of moisture, does not dry separately, adds pelletizing material and mixes.
The pelletizing that pelletizing obtains sieves, and granularity is greater than 5mm and carries out secondary pelletizing, is less than 5mm and returns a balling equipment and continue pelletizing, i.e. pelletizing together with waste material;
4, after a pelletizing, granularity is greater than the pelletizing of 5mm, enters in secondary palletizing device, and adds addition of C, according to technological process, carries out secondary pelletizing; At pelletizing surface parcel one deck additive;
Addition of C is one matter, is quick lime, mainly plays desulfurization, firmly acts on, and its mass percent accounting for whole batching is 1-3%, and it is white solid powder, is less than 200 orders and is greater than 80%, do not consider moisture, do not dry, and directly adds balling disk (-sc) and uses.
5, the pelletizing that obtains of secondary pelletizing, enters cement kiln or agglomerating plant carries out roasting;
Sieve after a balling-up, be greater than 5mm and carry out secondary pelletizing, be less than 5mm and return balling equipment pelletizing together with waste material, sieve again after secondary pelletizing, be less than 8mm and return secondary pelletizing system, then carry out pelletizing, be greater than 8mm and enter cement kiln as finished product or agglomerating plant carries out roasting.The object of secondary pelletizing wraps up one deck additive again in the bead outside of once causing, and makes refuse tightly be wrapped in the inside, prevent in roasting process, low-melting-point metal gasification effusion.Balling equipment can be disc balling machine can be also pelletising drum, and disc balling machine is better than pelletising drum.
Hazardous waste also comprises leather-making mud, forms the mixture that flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge and leather-making mud four kinds is formed, and is greater than the ratio mixing of 0% separately, adopts aforesaid treatment step, carry out resource, harmless treatment according to quality; Flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge and leather-making mud four kinds of hazardous wastes can be processed.
The present invention adopts the feature of cement plant cooperative disposal mud
(1) cement kiln flame temperature can reach 1600 DEG C, and in rotary kiln, temperature is generally between 1350 ~ 1650 DEG C, even higher, and burning gases, being greater than 8s higher than time of staying when 800 DEG C, are greater than 3s higher than time of staying when 1100 DEG C.In dry-process rotory kiln, 1400 ~ 1600 DEG C time, the total residence time of burning gases is about 20s to gas, and organic matter almost all decomposes at 6 ~ 10s the time of staying.Waste gas Zhong bioxin, the discharge of furans is far below European Union incineration of waste 2000/76/EC instruction <0.1ngTEQ/m
3standard, most <0.02ngTEQ/m
3.In the process of burning clinker of cement, cement kiln seldom maybe can not produce bioxin, furans.
(2) to the persistent organic pollutants may brought in combustible waste material (furans, many aromatic protons hydrocarbon, Polychlorinated biphenyls etc.), in the art production process of cement kiln, 99.999% can be chlorinated decomposition, destroys removal by fire.
(3) the heavy metal major part of bringing in combustible waste material is cured in the crystal structure of clinker mineral or in the hydrated product of cement, form undissolved mineral matter, leaching rate <1.5% in cement mortar body or xoncrete structure, most of <1.4%.The heavy metal discharged in cement kiln waste gas is generally all less than 5% of kiln system intake; Its concentration of emission is all far below european union directive specified standard, some solid-state heavy metal then can be attached in the kiln ash that dust-precipitator traps in addition, kiln ash can return in raw material homogenizing silo or kiln feeding according to the difference of wherein alkali chlorine sulphur and content of beary metal by factory with considering, or mixes cement in appropriate amount and make composite material.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) collect flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge, flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge are greater than the ratio of 0% with respective quality, prepare burden;
2) in batching, add additive A, mix;
Described additive A is mixture, and be made up of coal dust or carbon black and quick lime, the mass percent of coal dust or carbon black is 70-85%, and Lime Quality percentage is 15-30%; The mass percent that additive A accounts for whole batching is 15%-20%;
Add the material after additive, if moisture is excessively wet, need drying and processing be carried out, make material moisture be less than 7%; Granularity as material is excessively thick, need carry out levigate process, makes granularity be less than 200 its quality of object material and is greater than 70%;
3) enter in a palletizing device, and add additive B; After mixing, according to technological process, carry out a pelletizing;
Additive B is a kind of compound binding agent, is powdery solid, and its quality formula is:
Component A:0.5-2.0 part;
Iron oxide red: be greater than 0-2.0 part;
Bentonite: be greater than 0-3.0 part;
Described component A is made up of polyacrylamide, calcium sulfate, sodium carbonate, and its quality proportioning is:
Polyacrylamide 3-5 part;
Calcium sulfate 7-10 part;
Sodium carbonate is greater than 0-10 part;
The mass percent that additive B accounts for whole batching is 1-5%;
The pelletizing that pelletizing obtains sieves, and granularity is greater than 5mm and carries out secondary pelletizing, is less than 5mm and returns a balling equipment and continue pelletizing;
4) after a pelletizing, granularity is greater than the pelletizing of 5mm, enters in secondary palletizing device, and adds addition of C, according to technological process, carries out secondary pelletizing; In pelletizing surface parcel one deck addition of C;
Addition of C is quick lime, and its mass percent accounting for whole batching is 1-3%;
5) pelletizing that obtains of secondary pelletizing, enters agglomerating plant and carries out roasting.
2. flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: hazardous waste also comprises leather-making mud, be greater than the ratio mixing of 0% separately according to quality, form the mixture that flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge and leather-making mud four kinds is formed.
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| CN201410423517.1A CN104152206B (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | Flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410423517.1A CN104152206B (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2014-08-26 | Flying dust, chromium slag, electroplating sludge hazardous waste recycling processing method |
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| CN104152206B true CN104152206B (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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| CN110394353B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-01-18 | 阜新建兴金属有限公司 | Agglomeration method of solid waste |
| CN112708765A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-27 | 天津华庆百胜能源有限公司 | Electroplating sludge recycling treatment method |
| CN113247953B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-05-31 | 常州大学 | Method for solidifying chromium slag by copper-containing electroplating sludge |
| CN113578916B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-05-10 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for realizing resource utilization of phosphogypsum by utilizing waste incineration fly ash |
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| CN114147045A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-08 | 浙江工商大学 | Method for solidifying cadmium-containing waste residues |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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