CN201028540Y - Selective volatilization roasting furnace for waste zinc-manganese battery - Google Patents

Selective volatilization roasting furnace for waste zinc-manganese battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201028540Y
CN201028540Y CNU2007201193134U CN200720119313U CN201028540Y CN 201028540 Y CN201028540 Y CN 201028540Y CN U2007201193134 U CNU2007201193134 U CN U2007201193134U CN 200720119313 U CN200720119313 U CN 200720119313U CN 201028540 Y CN201028540 Y CN 201028540Y
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China
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cavity
chamber
zinc
temperature
roasting furnace
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Expired - Lifetime
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CNU2007201193134U
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Chinese (zh)
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许开华
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Shenzhen Gem High Tech Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Gem High Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a selective volatilization roasting furnace of abandonment zinc-manganese dioxide battery, it includes the heater, the medium temperature cavity, the high temperature cavity, the tubulose material passageway who link up each cavity, the cooling cavity who is equipped with cooling heat exchanger, material pushes away boat and advancing device, the heater includes the combustion chamber that produces the high temperature flue gas or still attaches electric heater, the medium temperature cavity, the high temperature cavity, the cooling cavity are the level setting and communicate in proper order, there is the separator between each cavity, be equipped with the mouth of cigarette that goes into of high temperature flue gas, air inlet, gas vent, temperature-detecting device, burning or electric heat controlling means and tuber pipe system in each cavity, this tuber pipe system includes fan and control flap; the exhaust port is connected with the air inlet of the condensation recoverer. The utility model discloses burning furnace over a slow fire can carry out comparatively comprehensive and segmentation formula of heating up selectively to volatilize the recovery to the bulk content in the zinc-manganese cell, and the result purity that the recovery obtained is higher, and recovery plant's operation is simpler moreover, does not produce secondary pollution basically.

Description

Selective volatilization roasting furnace for waste zinc-manganese battery
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an environmental protection and resource recovery equipment, more specifically say, the utility model relates to a recovery plant of abandonment chemical power supply.
Background
In the modern society, which is brought into the electronic age, the more and more the varieties and the larger the quantity of electromechanical products and electronic devices in the modern society, and in these products/devices, chemical power supplies, namely batteries, which are convenient to carry and move are widely used. Among them, the conventional batteries used in common appliances and vehicles mainly include primary batteries represented by zinc-manganese batteries. The zinc-manganese battery comprises a coating surface material and an electrochemically active content, wherein the coating surface material comprises: iron casing, sealing material asphalt, plastic, paper and other materials; the contents of electrochemical activity comprise positive active materials, negative active materials and electrolyte, wherein the positive active materials mainly comprise manganese dioxide, and the rest materials comprise carbon rods, acetylene black, graphite and the like; the negative active material is mainly zinc, and the balance is a small amount of mercury, cadmium and lead which are added for reducing the corrosion speed of the zinc electrode; the electrolyte is ammonium chloride and zinc chloride as the electrolyte solution of the neutral zinc-manganese battery, and potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte solution of the alkaline zinc-manganese battery.
Dozens of thousands of tons of waste zinc-manganese batteries are discarded every year in China, most of substances such as heavy metals containing zinc, mercury, cadmium, copper, manganese and the like and organic matters, inorganic matters and the like of ammonium salts contained in the waste zinc-manganese batteries are difficult to degrade in the natural environment, and if the heavy metals are discarded at will, the environment is easily seriously damaged, for example, the residual heavy metals such as mercury and the like can be gradually enriched in natural water and a biological chain to pollute the environment. On the contrary, if the substances can be completely recycled, tens of thousands of tons to tens of thousands of tons of unequal manganese, zinc, copper and the like can be regenerated, and the method is a considerable resource. However, the recycling technology is a key problem, and if the recycling technology is not feasible, the pollution cannot be avoided or the recycling technology cannot be economically operated, and if the recycling technology is not feasible, secondary environmental pollution and resource waste can be caused.
In the aspects of recovery method and regeneration of waste zinc-manganese batteries, chinese patent application with the application number of 200510036193.7 discloses a recovery and utilization method of waste alkaline zinc-manganese batteries, which comprises the following stepsThe method comprises the following process steps: (1) separating and extracting positive and negative electrode substances of the waste alkaline manganese battery: firstly, taking out the negative electrode current collector copper nail, the plastic washer and the iron explosion-proof ring by a mechanical method, and separately recovering the negative electrode current collector copper nail, the plastic washer and the iron explosion-proof ring; then splitting the battery shell to separate and recycle the iron shell and the positive and negative electrode substances; (2) leaching with alkali liquor at room temperature: soaking the positive and negative electrode substances separated in the step (1) in alkali liquor at room temperature, stirring for 1-2 hours to disperse the positive and negative electrode substances, separating and recovering the diaphragm; (3) separating the zincate: filtering the mixture soaked in the step (2); (4) electrolytic zinc production: adjusting the filtrate in step (3) to be electrolyte, and electrolyzing at 20-50 deg.C with cathode current density of 100-500A/m 2 Preparing metal zinc at the cathode; (5) preparing potassium manganate: adding potassium hydroxide and water into the filter residue obtained in the step (3), introducing air, heating for 2-3 hours, controlling the temperature at 200-300 ℃, and changing the manganese compound in the filter residue into potassium manganate; when the mixture is cooled to be close to 100 ℃, adding 10-20% of potassium hydroxide for dilution, stirring to completely dissolve potassium manganate, filtering and separating out insoluble substances; (6) preparing potassium permanganate by electrolysis: adjusting the filtrate obtained in the step (5) into electrolyte, electrolyzing at 50-70 ℃ and with the anode current density of 60-100A/m 2 And potassium permanganate is prepared at the anode. The method adopts an electrolysis method and equipment to recover and extract zinc and manganese in the waste alkaline manganese batteries, the power consumption of main equipment is large, the method is not suitable for the general economic situation that domestic electric energy is increasingly short, and the preparation process of the electrolyte before electrolysis is complex and the labor condition is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
To the above disadvantage of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a selective volatilization roasting furnace of abandonment zinc-manganese dioxide battery, it has following advantage: can carry out relatively comprehensive and sectional heating type selective volatilization recovery on a large amount of contents in the zinc-manganese battery, the purity of the recovered product is high, the operation of the recovery equipment is simple, and secondary pollution is basically not generated.
Therefore, the technical solution of the utility model is a selective volatilization roasting furnace of abandoned zinc-manganese battery, which comprises a heater, a medium temperature chamber, a high temperature chamber, a tubular material channel, a material pushing boat and a propelling device thereof, wherein the tubular material channel, the material pushing boat and the propelling device thereof are communicated with the chambers, the heater comprises a combustion chamber for generating high temperature flue gas or is additionally provided with an electric heater, the roasting furnace also comprises a cooling chamber provided with a cooling heat exchanger, the medium temperature chamber, the high temperature chamber and the cooling chamber are horizontally arranged and sequentially communicated, a separating device is arranged among the chambers, the outside of the furnace body is properly closed and not directly communicated, a smoke inlet, an air outlet, a temperature detecting device, a combustion or electric heating control device and an air pipe system of the high temperature flue gas are arranged in each chamber, and the air pipe system comprises a fan and a control valve; the exhaust port is connected with the air inlet of the condensation recoverer.
Generally, after the battery is broken and washed by a washing tank, the components of solid electrochemically active contents in the battery can be greatly simplified into three main components: inorganic carbon and carbon-containing organic matter, zinc and zinc compounds, manganese oxides; the utility model discloses a selective volatilization roaster furnace utilizes its medium temperature cavity, high temperature cavity, cooling chamber isotructure setting, to above-mentioned solid electrochemical activity content in it, can carry out stage heating up and retrieve/draw, in proper confined stove 100-1000 ℃ high temperature range, among three kinds of main battery compositions, (one) inorganic carbon and carbon-containing organic matter can burn and emit chemical energy, can produce the reducing furnace atmosphere that contains carbon, and carbon-containing burner gas reducibility can be different along with the difference of temperature, air quantity, the reducibility intensity that changes the stove atmosphere correspondingly, this kind of adjustable reducing atmosphere, will produce positive effect to the extraction of the compound of interior zinc of stove, manganese; the evaporation temperature of the elemental zinc is 419 ℃, and the boiling temperature of the elemental zinc is not very high and is 910 ℃; compound of original zinc ZnCl 2 After the water washing step, the Zn is hydrolyzed to form attached solid Zn (OH) 2 ,Zn(OH) 2 Can be converted into ZnO at a lower temperature (100-200 ℃) in the furnace, and can be converted into metal zinc at a reducing atmosphereZnO or Zn can volatilize into gas at high temperature and can be condensed at lower temperature of 100-300 ℃ to obtain high-purity ZnO or Zn powder products; under the reducing atmosphere in the selective volatilizing roasting furnace, the 4-valent oxide of manganese will be converted into 2-valent oxide of manganese completely or mostly, which is favorable to acid dissolution recovery, the 2-valent manganese oxide powder is acid-dissolved and alkali-precipitated in the acid-dissolving tank, the purified manganese sulfate solution is obtained by filtering, clarifying and purifying with liquid filter, and then the purified manganese sulfate particle product is obtained by drying, while the main matter NH remained in the cleaning liquid 4 Cl, the process method of the utility model also uses the easily obtained intermediate temperature heat source in the same roasting furnace to sublimate at the temperature of 340-390 ℃ to obtain pure ammonium chloride gas, and the ammonium chloride is usedAnd (4) cooling and collecting the gas or absorbing the gas by liquid to obtain a high-purity ammonium chloride solution or even crystals.
In addition, although the country has added the mercury harmful substance to the battery and controls more and more strictly, some small-size battery factory still can produce the application that contains mercury zinc manganese battery or can not cancel mercury completely, the utility model discloses selective volatilization roasting furnace can also carry out following operation: firstly, controlling the temperature in the roasting furnace within the range of 50-600 ℃, carrying out medium-temperature dry distillation on the obtained surface layer substances and the obtained content, distilling medium-temperature gas, then sequentially carrying out gravity separation and filtration through a cold condensation recoverer, a cyclone separator and a bag filter, and collecting mercury liquid so as to prevent mercury pollution.
The utility model discloses the segmentation formula of heating up cavity that the level of the burning furnace is baked over a slow fire to selective volatilization sets up, be convenient for control volatilizees the time of calcination, conditions such as temperature, can volatilize the extraction with the bulk waste material in the zinc-manganese battery more effectively, with subsequent condensation recoverer, sour dissolving tank, equipment such as liquid filter retrieves the reuse, except having been favorable to comprehensively, the bulk waste material is retrieved to the high purity, compare the electrolysis trough, bake burning furnace can adopt electric auxiliary heating and coal coke or oil gas heating multiple mode over a slow fire, the energy is replaced in a flexible way, can adapt to energy industry policy in the country well, each unit operation of overall process goes on under alkaline environment or obtains alkaline product very fast, and suitable confined bake burning furnace to energy-conservation, avoid secondary pollution all to have more advantage, can improve the separation effect greatly, energy consumption and secondary pollution can also be reduced.
For increasing the separation effect, improving the separation efficiency, the utility model discloses concrete institutional advancement still includes: gas sensors for detecting gas components are respectively arranged at the gas inlet and the gas outlet of each chamber, and the output lines of the gas sensors are connected with a secondary instrument and a control circuit.
The partitioning means includes a chamber door that is controlled to open or close and a chamber door controller.
The cavity door is made of high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating oxide.
The cavity door controller comprises a control mechanism for receiving instructions of the gas sensor, the secondary instrument and the control circuit.
The roasting furnace comprises a flue gas circulation pipeline and a circulation control device thereof, the flue gas circulation pipeline comprises a circulation input pipeline communicated with an outlet of the condensation recoverer and a circulation output pipeline communicated with an exhaust port of the roasting furnace, and the circulation control device comprises a gas sensor, a secondary instrument, a control circuit, a controlled flue gas distribution valve and a fan.
The roasting furnace comprises a vibration mechanism, wherein the vibration mechanism comprises a motor arranged outside the roasting furnace, a vibration cam arranged inside the roasting furnace, a transmission rod connected between the motor and the vibration cam, a vibration plate laid on the vibration cam and used for bearing the material pushing boat, and 4 or more elastic supports for limiting the vibration plate.
And the medium-temperature chamber, the high-temperature chamber and the cooling chamber are respectively provided with respective vibration mechanisms. The propelling device comprises a propelling rod and a gas sensor, a secondary instrument and a control circuit.
For increasing the energy utilization efficiency and reducing the gas and heat pollution, the cooling heat exchanger comprises a gas pipe heat exchanger for preheating the gas inlet and a liquid medium heat exchanger for heating the liquid medium.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the furnace for selective volatilization roasting according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a selective volatilization recovery system consisting of an embodiment of the roasting furnace of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the selective volatilization roasting furnace for waste zinc-manganese batteries according to the present invention. The device 120 comprises a heater, a middle temperature chamber 122, a high temperature chamber 123, a tubular material channel 125 penetrating through each chamber, a material pushing boat 127 and a pushing device 140 thereof, wherein the pushing device 140 comprises a pushing rod 140A, a gas sensor 137, a secondary instrument 138 and a control circuit. The heater comprises a combustion chamber 121 for generating high-temperature flue gas and an additional electric heater 139, the roasting furnace 120 further comprises a cooling chamber 124 provided with a cooling heat exchanger, the medium-temperature chamber 122, the high-temperature chamber 123 and the cooling chamber 124 are horizontally arranged and sequentially communicated, a separating device 126 is arranged among the chambers and is properly closed and not directly communicated with the outside of the furnace body, a flue gas inlet 129, a gas inlet 130, a gas outlet 131, a temperature detection device 132, a combustion or electric heating control device and an air pipe system for the high-temperature flue gas are arranged in each chamber, and the air pipe system comprises a fan 133 and a control valve 134; the exhaust port 131 is connected to an inlet of the condensate recovering unit 150. The cooling heat exchangers include a gas pipe heat exchanger 135 for preheating the inlet gas and a liquid medium heat exchanger 136 for heating the liquid medium.
A gas sensor 137 for detecting a gas component is provided in each of the gas inlet 130 and the gas outlet 131 of each chamber, and a secondary meter and a control circuit 138 are connected to an output line of the gas sensor 137 (indicated by a dotted line and also indicated by a control line).
The partitions 126 include controlled opening or closing chamber doors and chamber door controllers. The cavity door is made of high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating oxide. The door controller includes a control mechanism (not shown in detail) that receives instructions from the gas sensor 137, the secondary instrument 138, and the control circuitry.
The roasting furnace 120 comprises a flue gas circulation pipeline and a circulation control device thereof, the flue gas circulation pipeline comprises a circulation input pipeline 141 communicated with the outlet of the condensation recoverer and a circulation output pipeline 142 communicated with the exhaust port 131 of the roasting furnace, and the circulation control device comprises the gas sensor 137, a secondary instrument 138, a control circuit, a controlled flue gas distribution valve 134 and a fan 133.
The roasting furnace 120 further includes a vibration mechanism, and the middle temperature chamber 122, the high temperature chamber 123, and the cooling chamber 124 are respectively provided with their respective vibration mechanisms. The vibrating mechanism includes a motor 128 disposed outside the roasting furnace 120, a vibrating cam 144 disposed inside the roasting furnace, a driving rod (not shown in detail) connected between the motor 128 and the vibrating cam 144, a vibrating plate 145 laid on the vibrating cam 144 to carry the material push boat 127, and 4 or more elastic supports 146 defining the vibrating plate 145.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic view of a selective evaporation recovery system comprising an embodiment of the present invention is shown. It comprises a classification conveying device (not shown in detail), a liquid filter (not shown in detail), a battery shell breaking machine 100, a water washing tank 110, a selective volatilization roasting furnace 120, a condensation recoverer 150, an acid solution tank 180 and a heating concentrator 190 which are arranged in sequence; the battery shell breaking machine 100 comprises a battery through hole 102 with a wall surface blade 101 and a battery pusher (not shown in detail), and the battery through hole and the battery pusher axially break the shells of the waste batteries Bt; the rinsing bath 110 is provided with a water energizer such as a heat exchanger coil 113, an ultrasonic vibrator 112, a mechanical stirrer 111 and the like, and is used for energizing and rinsing surface layer substances and contents after the battery Bt is broken; the roasting furnace 120 carries out segmented heating fractionation on the washed battery surface layer objects and the washed battery contents to obtain flue gas with different temperature segments; the condensation recoverer 150 condenses the flue gas of each temperature section to respectively obtain ammonium chloride particles and zinc/zinc oxide powder; the acid dissolving tank 180 is used for carrying out acid dissolving and alkali precipitating on solid residues which are subjected to high-temperature fractionation and left in the roasting furnace; the liquid filter is used for filtering and purifying the bath solution of the rinsing bath 110 and the alkali precipitation solution in the acid dissolving bath 180; and the heating concentrator 190 heats and concentrates the purified acid-soluble tank 180 solution to obtain purified manganese sulfate particles.
The condensation recoverer 150 includes an ammonium chloride condensation recoverer for respectively condensing and separating ammonium chloride particles, a mercury liquid condensation recoverer for condensing and separating residual mercury liquid, and a zinc powder-containing condensation recoverer for condensing and separating zinc/zinc oxide powder (only one of which is shown in the figure), wherein air inlets of the ammonium chloride condensation recoverer and the mercury liquid condensation recoverer are connected to an exhaust port of the medium-temperature chamber 122 of the roasting furnace 120 through a pipeline controlled by an electric valve, an air inlet of the zinc powder-containing condensation recoverer is connected to an exhaust port of the high-temperature chamber 123 of the roasting furnace 120, and flue gas at each temperature section is condensed to respectively obtain ammonium chloride particles and zinc/zinc oxide powder; the air outlets of the condensation recoverers 150 are all communicated to the air inlets of the air pipe heat exchangers 135 arranged in the cooling chamber 124 of the roasting furnace 120 through air/solid or air/liquid separation, and the air outlets of the air pipe heat exchangers 135 are communicated to the air inlets of the chambers of the roasting furnace 120 through air pipe systems. Each condensation recoverer 150 comprises a vertical folding plate type settling chamber 151, the settling chamber 151 comprises a plurality of upper folding plates 153 and lower folding plates 154 which are arranged alternately, the folding plates 153 and 154 are of hollow structures, cooler coils 152 are distributed on the inner wall surfaces of the folding plates 153 and 154 in a close fit manner, a collection port 155 of the settling chamber is arranged below the upper folding plate 153, and an air outlet of the condensation recoverer 150 is communicated with a cyclone dust collector 171 and an electrostatic dust collector 172.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a selective volatilization roasting furnace of abandonment zinc-manganese dioxide battery, its includes heater, medium temperature cavity, high temperature cavity, link up tubular material passageway, the material of each cavity and push away boat and advancing device thereof which characterized in that: the heater comprises a combustion chamber for generating high-temperature flue gas or is additionally provided with an electric heater, the roasting furnace also comprises a cooling chamber provided with a cooling heat exchanger, the medium-temperature chamber, the high-temperature chamber and the cooling chamber are horizontally arranged and are sequentially communicated, a separating device is arranged among the chambers, the chambers are properly sealed and are not directly communicated with the outside of the furnace body, a flue gas inlet, a gas outlet, a temperature detection device, a combustion or electric heating control device and an air pipe system for the high-temperature flue gas are arranged in each chamber, and the air pipe system comprises a fan and a control valve; the exhaust port is connected with the air inlet of the condensation recoverer.
2. The selective volatilization roaster for the waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 1, wherein: gas sensors for detecting gas components are respectively arranged at the gas inlet and the gas outlet of each chamber, and the output lines of the gas sensors are connected with a secondary instrument and a control circuit.
3. The selective volatilization roaster for the waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 1, wherein: the partitioning means includes a chamber door that is controlled to open or close and a chamber door controller.
4. The selective volatilization roaster for the waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 3, wherein: the cavity door is made of high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating oxide.
5. The selective volatilization roaster for the waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 3, wherein: the cavity door controller comprises a control machine for receiving instructions of the gas sensor, the secondary instrument and the control circuit.
6. The selective volatilization roaster for the waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 2, wherein: the roasting furnace comprises a flue gas circulating pipeline and a circulating control device thereof, the flue gas circulating pipeline comprises a circulating input pipeline communicated with the outlet of the condensation recoverer and a circulating output pipeline communicated with the exhaust port of the roasting furnace, and the circulating control device comprises the gas sensor, a secondary instrument, a control circuit, a controlled flue gas distribution valve and a fan.
7. The selective volatilization roaster for the waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 1, wherein: the roasting furnace comprises a vibration mechanism, wherein the vibration mechanism comprises a motor arranged outside the roasting furnace, a vibration cam arranged inside the roasting furnace, a transmission rod connected between the motor and the vibration cam, a vibration plate laid on the vibration cam and used for bearing the material pushing boat, and 4 or more elastic supports for limiting the vibration plate.
8. A selective volatilization roaster for waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: the medium temperature chamber, the high temperature chamber and the cooling chamber are respectively provided with a respective vibration mechanism.
9. The furnace for selectively volatilizing and roasting the waste zinc-manganese dioxide batteries according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cooling heat exchanger comprises an air pipe heat exchanger for preheating inlet air and a liquid medium heat exchanger for heating liquid medium.
10. The selective volatilization roaster for the waste zinc-manganese batteries according to claim 1, wherein: the propulsion device comprises a propulsion rod and a gas sensor, a secondary instrument and a control circuit.
CNU2007201193134U 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 Selective volatilization roasting furnace for waste zinc-manganese battery Expired - Lifetime CN201028540Y (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN102538444A (en) * 2012-02-08 2012-07-04 天津市科翔迅通磁性材料厂 Mn-Zn ferrite sintering furnace
CN102829643A (en) * 2012-09-25 2012-12-19 四川华索自动化信息工程有限公司 Carbon roaster control system with combustion assistance function and implementation method of system
CN111282973A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-16 上海道简机电科技有限公司 Automatic disassembly production line for recycling of fully-closed waste refrigerator compressor
CN111628234A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-04 云南省能源研究院有限公司 Waste battery recovery system and recovery method thereof
CN112864408A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-05-28 周宗霞 Equipment for removing and recycling mercury for waste battery
CN113165031A (en) * 2019-03-04 2021-07-23 川崎重工业株式会社 Treatment system and treatment method for waste lithium ion battery

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102538444A (en) * 2012-02-08 2012-07-04 天津市科翔迅通磁性材料厂 Mn-Zn ferrite sintering furnace
CN102538444B (en) * 2012-02-08 2014-11-05 天津市科翔迅通磁性材料厂 Mn-Zn ferrite sintering furnace and sintering process thereof
CN102829643A (en) * 2012-09-25 2012-12-19 四川华索自动化信息工程有限公司 Carbon roaster control system with combustion assistance function and implementation method of system
CN102829643B (en) * 2012-09-25 2014-12-17 四川华索自动化信息工程有限公司 Implementation method of carbon roaster control system with combustion assistance function
CN113165031A (en) * 2019-03-04 2021-07-23 川崎重工业株式会社 Treatment system and treatment method for waste lithium ion battery
CN111282973A (en) * 2020-03-20 2020-06-16 上海道简机电科技有限公司 Automatic disassembly production line for recycling of fully-closed waste refrigerator compressor
CN111282973B (en) * 2020-03-20 2021-02-19 上海道简机电科技有限公司 Automatic disassembly production line for recycling of fully-closed waste refrigerator compressor
CN111628234A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-04 云南省能源研究院有限公司 Waste battery recovery system and recovery method thereof
CN112864408A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-05-28 周宗霞 Equipment for removing and recycling mercury for waste battery

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