CN107604383A - A kind of method of electrolyte in smelting process extraction carbon slag - Google Patents
A kind of method of electrolyte in smelting process extraction carbon slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN107604383A CN107604383A CN201710802733.0A CN201710802733A CN107604383A CN 107604383 A CN107604383 A CN 107604383A CN 201710802733 A CN201710802733 A CN 201710802733A CN 107604383 A CN107604383 A CN 107604383A
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- carbon
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- carbon slag
- slag
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Abstract
The method of electrolyte, process are as follows in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag：Carbon slag is heated to 1,250 1300 DEG C in smelting furnace, and after the electrolyte in carbon slag is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, electrolyte is released after the carbon of floating is clawed, and Aluminum Electrolysis Production is returned after cooling and is used.The method of the present invention efficiently solves the problem that electrolytic aluminium danger solid waste can not be disposed, and dangerous solid waste is disposed into Posterior circle in factory uses, and enterprise is realized recycling economy and environmental protection and economy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum electrolysis technology field, and in particular to the new technique of electrolyte in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag
Method.
Background technology
Electrolytic aluminium is exactly by being electrolysed obtained aluminium.Modern Aluminium Industry production melts salt electricity using cryolite-alumina
Solution.Molten cryolitic is solvent, and aluminum oxide is as solute, and using carbon body as anode, aluminium liquid is passed through powerful as negative electrode
After direct current, at 950 DEG C -970 DEG C, it is electrochemically reacted, that is, is electrolysed on the two poles of the earth in electrolytic cell.Produced in electrolysis
In metallic aluminium technique, the continuous oxidation consumption of carbon anode, due to there occurs selective oxidation reaction, some carbon on carbon anode skeleton
Abscission, fall into electrolytic cell, form carbon slag.
In aluminium-electrolyzing pre-roaster, carbon slag can be all produced in aluminium electrolyte solution, these carbon slags produce to aluminium electrolysis process
A series of raw detrimental effects, for example cause electrolyte voltage to raise, cause the generation of heat channel, this not only causes electrolysis
Increase, and when heat channel produces the production of reduction aluminium electroloysis many technical-economic indexes, while to the life-span of electrolytic cell
Have an impact, caused carbon slag will all be salvaged from electrolytic cell in Aluminum Electrolysis Production.Generally produce one
Ton electrolytic aluminium will produce 15 kilograms or so of carbon slag, and the electrolyte content in carbon slag can reach 55%, and electrolyte is aluminium electroloysis
Indispensable raw material in production process.Carbon slag is not put into dangerous solid waste before 2016, and each electrolytic aluminium factory all makees carbon slag
Fall for commodity selling, due to starting in 2016, carbon slag is put into dangerous solid waste, and each electrolytic aluminium factory can not all be disposed, make
Overstock into carbon slag.The electrolyte in carbon slag and carbon can not be utilized effectively simultaneously, and larger environmental protection pressure is not only caused to enterprise
Power, also result in huge economic loss.
Although extracting the technique of electrolyte now with filter press technique, its electrolyte produced is powdery, in production and application
In can not be completely melt, electrolytic cell is steadily damaged.Current technology also has handles sun using acid hydrolyzation or floatation
Pole carbon slag recovery fluoride salt.Acid hydrolyzation technical essential is：Fluoride salt in carbon slag is first converted into HF volatilizations with inorganic acid, then
With alkaline solution absorption HF, the fluoride salt rate of recovery about 90%.Floatation technical essential is：It is first that anodic carbon residue is levigate, add floating
Agent is selected, carbon dust is floated over solution surface, pulls carbon dust out, fluoride salt, the fluoride salt rate of recovery about 85% are then extracted from solution.But
There is the difficult points such as cost is high, pollution is big, waste liquid is difficult in the above method, the fluoride salt rate of recovery is low, be unfavorable for commercial scale implementation.
The anodic carbon residue that current domestic electrolytic aluminium plant is pulled out, the overwhelming majority is used as fuel, after the burning of carbon slag, its contained electrolyte
Lime-ash is fully entered, has wasted high added value electrolyte.
In order to reclaim the electrolyte of high added value, someone has researched and proposed new solution method, as CN101063215A is public
A kind of method for extracting electrolyte in aluminium electrolyzing carbon slag has been opened, has been related to a kind of using Hall-Ai Lute electrolysis production gold
When belonging to aluminium, the extracting method of electrolyte, its extraction process include successively in the anodic carbon residue pulled out from electrolytic cell：A. by aluminium electroloysis
Anodic carbon residue is levigate, adds binding agent, mixing, uniformly, is pressed into agglomerate；B. agglomerate is calcined, makes anodic carbon residue agglomerate
In carbon, the combustible completely burned such as hydrogen, obtain the product of roasting that electrolyte content is more than 98%；C. by product of roasting it is levigate after
Electrolytic cell is returned to use.Although the method for the invention can extract contained electrolyte in anodic carbon residue, however, in this method in carbon slag
Carbon lost completely, and introduce new adhesive substance, thus bring more exhaust emissions.
In addition, CN 105463506A disclose the side of electrolyte and carbon in a kind of separation and recovery aluminium electrolyte anodic carbon residue
Aluminium electrolyte anodic carbon residue is first placed in smelting furnace by method, methods described, under the atmosphere of nitrogen or inert gas, heating fusing
Aluminium electrolyte anodic carbon residue melt is obtained, then by the way of being blown to melt, reaches separation aluminium, electrolyte anodic carbon residue
The purpose of middle electrolyte and carbon, obtain the electrolyte and carbon products of high-quality.
CN 106917110A disclose a kind of method of carbon slag and electrolyte in separation and recovery electrolytic aluminium waste anode slag, ball
Be milled the waste and old anode slag of broken electrolytic aluminium, 900~1200 high-temperature process, and it is liquid to make electrolyte components melting；At liquid electrolyte
The overwhelming majority is accounted in lower floor, carbon dust swims in upper strata, and liquid electrolyte is flowed into Material collecting box for harvesting by the drain hole of material bin bottom
In, control liquid level avoids carbon dust from being flowed into liquid electrolyte in Material collecting box for harvesting, realizes the separation of two kinds of components.
The content of the invention
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to provide the new method that a kind of smelting process extracts electrolyte in carbon slag.The present invention's
Method efficiently solves the problem that electrolytic aluminium danger solid waste can not be disposed, and dangerous solid waste is disposed to Posterior circle use in factory,
Enterprise is set to realize recycling economy and environmental protection and economy.
For the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The method of electrolyte, process are as follows in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag：Carbon slag is heated to 1250- in smelting furnace
1300 DEG C, after the electrolyte in carbon slag is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, by electricity after the carbon of floating is clawed
Solve matter to release, Aluminum Electrolysis Production is returned after cooling and is used.Carbon carries out combustion reaction in fusion process, wherein having 20-30%'s
Carbon is burned off, and the residual carbon clawed can use as the raw material of electrolytic aluminum anodic steel claw protection ring, realizes that dangerous solid waste exists
Recycling in factory, eliminate the generation of two subsidiary risk solid wastes.
Because electrolytic aluminium carbon slag is put into dangerous solid waste, each electrolytic aluminium factory carbon slag can not all be disposed, while the electricity in carbon slag
Solution matter and carbon can not be all efficiently utilized, and cause serious waste.Present invention smelting furnace enters the electrolyte in carbon slag
Row melting, carbon and electrolyte are completely separated, while return to Aluminum Electrolysis Production after electrolyte is recrystallized and use, so as to reach
To the purpose of effective processing this dangerous solid waste of carbon slag.
The new technique of electrolyte is to rely on electrolytic aluminium factory flue gas purification system in the smelting process extraction carbon slag of the present invention
Purification function, melting is carried out to electrolytic aluminium carbon slag with smelting furnace, extracts the new technique of the electrolyte in carbon slag.Its is main
It is that caused dangerous solid waste in Aluminum Electrolysis Production is effectively treated so that caused dangerous solid waste in electrolysis plant production process
Handle and recycle in factory.
The present invention and CN 106917110A difference are：1st, used carbon slag need not carry out ball mill grinding, use electricity
The bulk and the mixture of particle that the carbon slag that solution is pulled out is formed, reduce in the input and production process of equipment and produce dust
Source, avoid ball mill grinding dust produce.2nd, fuel of the invention uses this clean energy resource of natural gas, reduces to big
The pollution of gas.3rd, melting uses smelting furnace, improves the service efficiency of heat, and the safety and reliability operated have it is higher
Guarantee.4th, smelting temperature uses 1250-1300 DEG C so that the electrolyte in carbon slag can effectively melt, 900-1200 DEG C
Although temperature can be by the electrolyte melting in carbon slag, its is less efficient, and burn-off rate is slower.5th, produced in melting production process
Raw fume centralized enters Smoke Gas Purity by Electrolysis system, caused flue gas in production is obtained effective purified treatment, discharge
Reach state environmental emissioning standard.6th, final tail carbon due to or contain small part electrolyte, common solid waste can not be used as, because
This manufacture raw material using tail carbon as anode steel claw protection ring, recycled in enterprises.7th, the present invention effectively solves
The handling problems of the dangerous solid waste of electrolytic aluminium factory, the utility of dangerous solid waste is all extracted, and circulation is formed in enterprise
It is economical.
Preferably, the smelting furnace is heat accumulating type smelting furnace.
Preferably, heating is carried out by using natural gas, make fuel using this clear energy sources of natural gas, can maximum limit
Reduce pollution in degree ground.
Preferably, the time of heating is 2-4 hours.
Preferably, electrolyte is released in mould.
Preferably, caused flue gas enters at the effective purification of electrolytic aluminum smoke cleaning system progress in fusion process
Reason.
Flue gas will be produced in fusion process, composition includes CO, CO2、H2O, NO etc., also a small amount of SO2And electrolyte
In villiaumite volatilization produce a small amount of fluoro-gas.
The present invention smelting process extraction carbon slag in electrolyte new technique to belong to dangerous solid waste electrolytic aluminium carbon slag this
The dangerous solid waste of kind is effectively treated in factory so that dangerous solid waste is not dispatched from the factory, and solving aluminium electrolysis enterprise danger solid waste can not
The problem of disposal.Return to Aluminum Electrolysis Production after electrolyte in carbon slag and carbon are efficiently separated to use, realizing dangerous solid waste has
Recycling after effect processing, is not polluted to environment.The original flue gas purification system of Aluminum Electrolysis Production is relied on, by melting
Caused harmful smoke carries out effective purified treatment in journey, reaches national requirements for environmental protection.By carbon therein in fusion process
Thermal chemical reaction is participated in, final quantity is effectively reduced.Utility in dangerous solid waste is effectively extracted, return makes in production
With reducing the waste of material, save production cost.
The present invention smelting process extraction carbon slag in electrolyte new technique efficiently solve electrolytic aluminium danger solid waste without
The problem of method disposal；Utility in dangerous solid waste is effectively extracted into return production and application, reduces waste, saves life
Produce cost；Dangerous solid waste is disposed to Posterior circle use in factory, enterprise is realized recycling economy and environmental protection and economy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is carbon slag smelting technology flow chart in one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The specific implementation of the new technique of electrolyte is close to electrolytic aluminium factory building, energy in smelting process extraction carbon slag of the present invention
Enough position construction that smelting furnace smoke discharging pipe is easily connected to electrolytic aluminum smoke cleaning system meet the closed of environmental requirement
Factory building；After determining the model of smelting furnace according to electrolytic aluminium carbon slag yield, corresponding heated by natural gas smelting furnace is installed, in order to more
Reach energy-conservation purpose well, it is preferred to use heat accumulating type smelting furnace；Gas melting furnace flue discharge tube is connected to expansion chamber, flue gas
In particulate matter carry out settlement treatment, then through preliminary sedimentation handle flue gas enter Smoke Gas Purity by Electrolysis system, cigarette through pipeline
Gas is discharged into air after Smoke Gas Purity by Electrolysis system purification.
Fig. 1 is carbon slag smelting technology flow chart in one embodiment of the invention, and detailed process is as follows：Carbon slag is passed through into loading
Machine enters feeding device, then adds heat accumulating type smelting furnace and is heated to carbon slag with natural gas in heat accumulating type smelting furnace
1250-1300 DEG C, for example, 1255 DEG C, 1260 DEG C, 1268 DEG C, 1274 DEG C, 1282 DEG C, 1289 DEG C, 1295 DEG C etc., in carbon slag
After electrolyte is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, and electrolyte is released into shaping mould after the carbon of floating is clawed
Electrolyte block is made in tool after cooling and demolding, returns to Aluminum Electrolysis Production and uses.Carbon carries out combustion reaction in fusion process, wherein
The carbon for having 20-30% or so is burned off, and the residual carbon clawed can use as the raw material of electrolytic aluminum anodic steel claw protection ring,
Realize that dangerous solid waste is in-plant to recycle, eliminate the generation of two subsidiary risk solid wastes.The caused flue gas warp in fusion process
Entered after expansion chamber settlement treatment by flue system after electrolytic aluminum smoke cleaning system carries out effective purified treatment and be discharged into
In air.
For ease of understanding the present invention, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art are it will be clearly understood that the implementation
Example is used only for help and understands the present invention, is not construed as the concrete restriction to the present invention.
The key facility that is used in following examples, equipment：1st, the storage of carbon slag, disposal, product storage factory building；2nd, heat accumulating type
Smelting furnace；3rd, natural gas system；4th, distribution system；5th, flue gas purification system.
Embodiment 1
Electrolyte in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag, detailed process is as follows：
Carbon slag is entered into feeding device by loading machine, heat accumulating type smelting furnace is then added and is used in heat accumulating type smelting furnace
Carbon slag is heated to 1250 DEG C by natural gas, and after the electrolyte in carbon slag is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, will
Electrolyte is released and electrolyte block is made in mould after cooling and demolding by the carbon of floating after clawing, and returning to Aluminum Electrolysis Production makes
With.Carbon carries out combustion reaction in fusion process, wherein the carbon for having 20% or so is burned off, the residual carbon clawed can be used as electricity
The raw material for solving aluminium anodes steel claw protection ring use, and realize that dangerous solid waste is in-plant and recycle, and eliminate two subsidiary risk solid wastes
Generation.Caused flue gas enters electrolytic aluminum smoke after expansion chamber settlement treatment by flue system in fusion process
Cleaning system is discharged into air after carrying out effective purified treatment.
Embodiment 2
Electrolyte in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag, detailed process is as follows：
Carbon slag is entered into feeding device by loading machine, heat accumulating type smelting furnace is then added and is used in heat accumulating type smelting furnace
Carbon slag is heated to 1300 DEG C by natural gas, and after the electrolyte in carbon slag is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, will
Electrolyte is released and electrolyte block is made in mould after cooling and demolding by the carbon of floating after clawing, and returning to Aluminum Electrolysis Production makes
With.Carbon carries out combustion reaction in fusion process, wherein the carbon for having 30% or so is burned off, the residual carbon clawed can be used as electricity
The raw material for solving aluminium anodes steel claw protection ring use, and realize that dangerous solid waste is in-plant and recycle, and eliminate two subsidiary risk solid wastes
Generation.Caused flue gas enters electrolytic aluminum smoke after expansion chamber settlement treatment by flue system in fusion process
Cleaning system is discharged into air after carrying out effective purified treatment.
Embodiment 3
Electrolyte in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag, detailed process is as follows：
Carbon slag is entered into feeding device by loading machine, heat accumulating type smelting furnace is then added and is used in heat accumulating type smelting furnace
Carbon slag is heated to 1265 DEG C by natural gas, and after the electrolyte in carbon slag is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, will
Electrolyte is released and electrolyte block is made in mould after cooling and demolding by the carbon of floating after clawing, and returning to Aluminum Electrolysis Production makes
With.Carbon carries out combustion reaction in fusion process, wherein the carbon for having 23 or so % is burned off, the residual carbon clawed can be used as electricity
The raw material for solving aluminium anodes steel claw protection ring use, and realize that dangerous solid waste is in-plant and recycle, and eliminate two subsidiary risk solid wastes
Generation.Caused flue gas enters electrolytic aluminum smoke after expansion chamber settlement treatment by flue system in fusion process
Cleaning system is discharged into air after carrying out effective purified treatment.
Embodiment 4
Electrolyte in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag, detailed process is as follows：
Carbon slag is entered into feeding device by loading machine, heat accumulating type smelting furnace is then added and is used in heat accumulating type smelting furnace
Carbon slag is heated to 1280 DEG C by natural gas, and after the electrolyte in carbon slag is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, will
Electrolyte is released and electrolyte block is made in mould after cooling and demolding by the carbon of floating after clawing, and returning to Aluminum Electrolysis Production makes
With.Carbon carries out combustion reaction in fusion process, wherein the carbon for having 27 or so % is burned off, the residual carbon clawed can be used as electricity
The raw material for solving aluminium anodes steel claw protection ring use, and realize that dangerous solid waste is in-plant and recycle, and eliminate two subsidiary risk solid wastes
Generation.Caused flue gas enters electrolytic aluminum smoke after expansion chamber settlement treatment by flue system in fusion process
Cleaning system is discharged into air after carrying out effective purified treatment.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and is not the restriction to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method for electrolyte, process are as follows in a kind of smelting process extraction carbon slag：Carbon slag is heated to 1250- in smelting furnace
1300 DEG C, after the electrolyte in carbon slag is smelted into liquid, carbon floats on electrolytic liquid surface, by electricity after the carbon of floating is clawed
Solve matter to release, Aluminum Electrolysis Production is returned after cooling and is used.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the smelting furnace is heat accumulating type smelting furnace.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that heating is carried out by using natural gas.
4. according to the method described in claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the time of heating is 2-4 hours.
5. according to the method described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that electrolyte is released in mould or with very
Sky is two-mand ladle sucking-off.
6. according to the method described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that caused flue gas enters electricity in fusion process
Solve aluminium flue gas purification system and carry out effective purified treatment.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108611663A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-10-02 | 河南亿安设备科技有限公司 | A kind of electrolyte recovery system and method |
| CN110067009A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-07-30 | 薛淼 | A kind of electrolyte block and its extraction process based on the extraction of carbon slag |
| CN111551027A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-18 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Smelting furnace and smelting method for recycling electrolyte from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag |
| CN111850608A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-30 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Method for recovering electrolyte by pyrogenic roasting of electrolytic aluminum carbon slag |
| CN114232031A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-25 | 云南云铝海鑫铝业有限公司 | Method for extracting electrolyte by rapidly combusting and decarbonizing carbon slag waste |
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| CN101435086A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-20 | 河南神火铝业股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing anode protection ring |
| CN103949459A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-07-30 | 云南蓝天铝业环保科技有限公司 | Method for producing electrolyte for aluminium and recovering carbon through recycle of aluminum electrolysis carbon residue |
| CN105463506A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-04-06 | 重庆大学 | Method for separating and recycling electrolytes and carbon in anode carbon residues of aluminum electrolytes |
| CN106247340A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2016-12-21 | 淄博海慧工程设计咨询有限公司 | A kind of processing method and processing device of electrolytic aluminium carbon slag |
| CN106917110A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-07-04 | 山西大学 | A kind of method for separating and recovering carbon slag and electrolyte in electrolytic aluminium waste anode slag |
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| CN101435086A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-20 | 河南神火铝业股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing anode protection ring |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108611663A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-10-02 | 河南亿安设备科技有限公司 | A kind of electrolyte recovery system and method |
| CN111850608A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-30 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Method for recovering electrolyte by pyrogenic roasting of electrolytic aluminum carbon slag |
| CN110067009A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-07-30 | 薛淼 | A kind of electrolyte block and its extraction process based on the extraction of carbon slag |
| CN111551027A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-18 | 中铝郑州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Smelting furnace and smelting method for recycling electrolyte from aluminum electrolysis carbon slag |
| CN114232031A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-25 | 云南云铝海鑫铝业有限公司 | Method for extracting electrolyte by rapidly combusting and decarbonizing carbon slag waste |
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