CN203398146U - 用于制造光电模块的系统和设备 - Google Patents

用于制造光电模块的系统和设备 Download PDF

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CN203398146U
CN203398146U CN201220535049.3U CN201220535049U CN203398146U CN 203398146 U CN203398146 U CN 203398146U CN 201220535049 U CN201220535049 U CN 201220535049U CN 203398146 U CN203398146 U CN 203398146U
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production line
constructed
optical
station
localizer
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安德烈·巴奇尼
马可·加乔托
托马斯·米切尔勒蒂
戴戈·唐尼
约翰·特勒
马可·玛伊奥利尼
安德烈·萨特雷图
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Applied Materials Italia SRL
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Applied Materials Baccini SpA
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Abstract

本实用新型提供了用于制造光电模块的设备。本实用新型的实施例提供了一种用于制造光电模块的系统,该系统至少包括具有多个定位站的第一生产线和由至少一个定位站构成的第二生产线,在第一生产线的多个定位站中执行一系列第一处理操作,在第二生产线的至少一个定位站中至少执行第二处理操作。

Description

用于制造光电模块的系统和设备
技术领域
本实用新型涉及用于制造光电模块的设备。 
背景技术
传统的太阳能电池处理系统通常通过在最小自动化或非自动化的系统中在彼此上方堆叠光电模块的各种所需组件或层,来形成包括许多太阳能电池衬底的光电模块,该系统沿着单个纵轴或生产线以线性的方式布置。通常,系统中的不同定位站被沿着生产线布置,其中,系统通常包括用于操作基本印刷电路的操作装置、用于建立必要电触点的印刷装置、用于制备与印刷电路相关的绝缘材料的层的装置、用于定位各个光电电池的装置以及一系列光学检查装置。 
然而,传统的系统具有这样的缺点:它们沿着一个方向特别长,例如对于约15MW的制造能力具有约19米的长度并可达对于约150MW的制造能力具有约43米的长度。因此,传统的系统需要非常大的空间以支撑系统和与推车相关的硬件并且还需要对用于支撑系统的地基的可观投资,这通常将会在传统系统中增加每个光电模块的整体制造成本。 
下文中描述的本实用新型的一个可能的目的是实现用于制造光电模块的系统,其具有更小的直线长度和更小的占地面积,使得相对于传统的光电模块处理系统减小每个光电模块的整体制造成本。 
本实用新型的另一个目的是实现用于制造光电模块的系统,其是完全自动化的并且也增加光电模块制造产量,以增加系统的制造能力,同时需要相同或更少的关于制造的硬件和地基的投资。 
本实用新型的另一个目的是改善用于制造光电模块的方法,其中简化了光电模块形成工艺,同时甚至还利用了完整的自动工艺,以将制造成本保持最小。 
申请人已经设计、测试并实施了本实用新型以克服了现有技术的缺陷并获得了这些和其他的目的和优点。 
实用新型内容
在独立权利要求中给出并陈述了本实用新型的特征,同时独立权利要求描述了本实用新型的其他特性或者对于主要发明点的改变。 
根据以上目的,根据本实用新型的用于制造光电模块的系统包括至少包括具有多个定位站的第一生产线,在多个定位站中连续地执行多个第一处理操作,以制造包括多个不同层的光电模块。处理顺序例如可以包括在基体层上印刷用于形成一个或多个电触点的层材料,以及之后将光电电池和绝缘材料的各种层以期望的朝向定位在所述基体层上,以形成光电模块。 
根据本实用新型的特性特征,系统还包括第二生产线,其由至少另一个定位站,在其中与上述各种第一处理操作并行地至少执行另一系列的第二处理操作以制造光电模块。在一个构造中,第一生产线被布置为与第二生产线基本平行。 
根据本实用新型的另一个特性特征,第二生产线至少包括用于对用在光电模块中的绝缘材料的一个或多个层进行处理的定位站。该定位站可以包括切割装置,其被用来将从绝缘材料的辊接收的绝缘材料的每个层选择性地切割到某一尺寸。 
根据本实用新型的另一个特性特征,设置例如由一个或多个传送带构成的第一传送装置,以传送在第二生产线内由切割装置切割到某一尺寸的绝缘材料的层。 
根据本实用新型的另一个特性特征,设置第二传送装置,以将被切割到某一尺寸的绝缘材料的层沿着与两个生产线横切的第一轴从第二生产线传送到第一生产线。在一个构造中,第二传送装置包括具有形成在其中的多个通孔的板。 
根据本实用新型的另一个特性特征,孔形成装置被沿着第一横轴布置,以在绝缘材料的层从第二生产线传送到第一生产线的期间,选择性地 形成穿透绝缘材料的层的一个或多个孔。 
根据本实用新型的一个实施例,用于制造光电模块的方法一般至少包括第一操作和第二操作,在第一操作期间,至少第一层被装载到第一定位站,并且在第二操作期间通过使用印刷处理在第一层的表面上沉积多个电触点,其中,所印刷的多个电触点适合于随后至少接触多个光电电池。本实用新型的实施例还可以提供至少包括另一个附加处理操作的方法,该附加处理操作在第二生产线内与前两个操作并行进行,并且其中制备绝缘材料的多个层以使得它们被选择性地耦合到第一层和光电电池。 
附图说明
为了能够具体理解本实用新型的上述特征,可以通过参照实施例获得上文简要总结的本实用新型的更加具体的描述,实施例中的一部分在附图中示出。然而应当注意,附图仅描绘了本实用新型的典型实施例,并且因此不被认为是其范围的限制,因为本实用新型可以采用其他等效实施例。 
图1是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的用于形成光电模块的系统的平面图。 
图2是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的适合于由图1中的系统制造的光电模块的分解侧视图。 
图3是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的图1中的系统的第一区域的平面图。 
图4是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的用在图3中的第一区域中的机器人装置的立体图。 
图5是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的在图3中示出的第一区域的细节的示意侧视图。 
图6是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的在图1中示出的系统的第二区域的平面图。 
图7是沿着图6中示出的剖线VII-VII的局部截面图,其示意性地示出了根据本实用新型的一个实施例的冲孔装置。 
图8是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的由图7中示出的冲孔装置使用 的一系列冲头的示意性特写前视图。 
图9是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的可以在图6的第二区域中执行的第一处理操作的示意性平面图。 
图10是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的可以在图6的第二区域中执行的第二处理操作的示意性平面图。 
图11是根据本实用新型的一个实施例的在图1中示出的系统的第三区域的平面图。 
图12示出了根据本实用新型的一个实施例的可以被用来使用图1中示出的系统来制造光电模块的处理步骤。 
为了帮助理解,在可能的情况下使用了相同的附图标记,以表示对于附图共有的相同元件。可以理解一个实施例的元件和特征可以被有利地结合到其他实施例中,而不用另外说明。 
具体实施方式
本实用新型的实施例一般包括用于在处理系统或下文中的系统10中形成低成本光电模块的方法和设备,该光电模块包括一个或多个光电装置。图1是用于制造包括多个已知类型的太阳能电池的光电模块11的系统10的平面图,太阳能电池的类型例如是在一般受让的意大利专利申请号UD2010A000223(其于2010年12月2日递交)中描述的类型。 
一般来说,光电模块11包括多层结构(如图2所示),其包括由包括衬底的柔性印刷电路板构成的第一下层12,其通常被称作为“背板”或“背衬”。第一下层12通常具有多个导电轨迹,其例如通过使用导电金属浆或墨水的丝网印刷而预先印刷在第一下层12的连接表面12A上。 
在第一层12上定位了绝缘材料的第二层13。在一个示例中,第二层13包括聚合物材料,诸如乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)。第二层通常被称作为“封装”层,因为其被用来帮助防止湿气和其他污染物在光电模块的可用寿命期间攻击在光电模块中存在的组件。 
在第二层13上布置了包括多个光电电池15的第三层14或中间层。在上述专利申请号UD2010A000223中具体描述了可以用在这里的光电电池 的典型类型,例如MWT(金属钻孔卷绕)型的晶体光电电池。例如,每个光电模块11包括光电电池15的阵列,该光电电池具有适合于暴露到光的前表面F以及后表面B。通常,封装层13包括多个孔或通孔,其允许在每个光电电池15与形成在第一下层12上的导电轨迹之间形成电连接。 
在第三层14之上,定位了例如EVA的绝缘材料的第四层16,与第二层13类似,第四层也具有封装的功能。以此方式,光电电池15被布置在两个封装层13和16之间。 
透明保护材料(例如玻璃)的第五层18被布置在第四层16之上。 
光电模块制造系统
参照图1,用来形成以上光电模块11的系统10基本被划分为三个区域,分别是顺序布置(在图1中从左到右)的第一、第二和第三区域21、22和23。光电模块11一般随着它们在第一、第二和第三区域21、22和23中顺序处理而向下游移动。此外,系统10包括两个生产线L1和L2,其沿着基本平行的两个纵轴X1和X2布置,或者在这里也被称作为第一轴X1和第二轴X2。一般来说,在系统10中执行的全部处理都由控制单元33监视和控制。 
图1和图3中示出的第一区域21包括沿着第一生产线L1布置的第一定位站30,在其中多个第一层或背板12被制备和堆叠。图3是除了图1中示出的系统10的第一区域21的特写平面图。第一定位站30包括能够被选择地朝向的第一支撑装置31和第一光学控制装置32。第一光学控制装置32一般包括数字摄像机和其他传统的支持电子装置,以及能够光学检测并检验背板12的精确位置的光学装置第一光学控制装置32一般适合于检测背板12的空间坐标和/或朝向,并且将它们以数字形式传送到控制单元33(图1),以进行进一步的分析和处理。基于由第一光学控制装置32检测的信息,通过使用从控制单元33发送的指令,第一支撑装置31被以三个空间坐标x、y和θ(θ用于旋转)选择性地确定朝向和/或定位。 
第一区域21也包括也沿着第一生产线L1布置并包括第二支撑装置36的第二定位站35,与第一支撑装置31不同,第二支撑装置36可以根据三个空间坐标x、y和θ而被选择性地朝向,并且也能够沿着与纵轴X1垂直 的第一横轴Y1平移。第二支撑装置一般能够通过使用一个或多个致动器(例如,电机或传统机械引导器、滑动器或其他支撑组件)而沿着第一横轴Y1平移。第二支撑装置36也通常设置有传送带37,其可以被选择性地驱动,以使得布置在其上的光电模块组件移动和/或重新定位。在工作期间,背板12通过使用第一机器人装置39被从第一定位站30移动到第二支撑装置36的传送带37的上部。 
第一机器人装置39可以是在图1、图3和图4中示出的六轴机器人,并且一般适合于通过使用从控制单元33发送的命令而从第一定位站30每次取得一个背板12并将其传递到第二定位站35中的第二支撑装置36。特别地,机器人39包括具有抓取单元的终端臂40,在抓取单元上选择性地产生真空,以拾取、传送和释放背板12。 
此外,第一区域21还包括沿着第三纵轴X3纵向布置的印刷站41,第三纵轴X2与纵轴X1和X2平行并且与第一横轴Y1横切。印刷站41包括已知类型的印刷装置42,例如丝网印刷装置或喷墨装置,其适合于沉积导电材料和/或粘合剂材料(下文中称作ECA(导电粘合剂))的图案层。在一个示例中,印刷站41被构造为在背板12上一期望的图案沉积ECA浆(诸如含有铜、银或其他类似金属的聚合物材料),以在背板12的一部分与第三层14的光电电池15的后表面B(图2)的区域之间形成必要的电触点。在一个实施例中,丝网印刷室包括多个致动器(例如,步进电机或伺服电机),其与控制单元33通信并被用来调整布置在丝网印刷室内的丝网印刷掩模相对于被印刷的背板12的位置和/或角朝向。在一个实施例中,丝网印刷掩模是具有多个特征(诸如洞、槽或穿透形成的其他孔)的金属片或板,以限定在背板12的表面上的丝网印刷材料(例如,墨水或浆)的图案和布置。一般来说,通过使用致动器和由控制单元33从第二光学控制装置43(之后对其进行描述)接收的信息来将丝网印刷掩模朝向其表面上的期望位置,使得要被沉积在背板12的表面上的丝网印刷图案以自动的方式与背板12对准,并且之后使用辊式装置将布置在背板12上的材料从形成在丝网印刷掩模中的孔推出。 
可以包括连接到控制单元33的一个或多个照相机的第二光学控制装 置43被定位为当第二支撑装置36在第二光学控制装置43下方沿着横轴Y1向印刷装置42平移时,检测布置在第二支撑装置36上的背板12的空间坐标和/或朝向。背板12可以通过使用连接到第二支撑装置36的致动装置47(图1)沿着横轴Y1平移。 
第二光学控制装置43和控制单元33能够获得背板12的位置并且通过控制第二支撑装置36的位置和朝向来校正背板12相对于印刷装置42的对准。 
在印刷导电材料和/或粘合剂材料的图案化层之后,第二支撑装置36沿着轴Y1平移,直到其返回到最初位置,并且因此与第一纵轴x1对准。 
第三光学控制装置或观察系统44(其也连接到控制单元33并且定位在第二光学控制装置43附近)可以被用来在图案化层的已经由印刷装置42形成在背板12上之后,检验材料的印刷的图案化层的质量(例如,图案化层的一个或多个区域的尺寸、形状或其他特征)和/或位置。 
之后,馈送辊45可以被用来将其上具有材料的图案化层(例如,ECA的图案化层)的背板12从第二支撑装置36传送到系统10的第二区域22。 
在一些构造中,第一区域21也可以包括沿着第二生产线L2布置的第三定位站46。第二生产线L2一般适合于执行多种处理操作,诸如制备用在光电模块11(图2)内的各种封装(例如,第二层13和第四层16)。具体地,绕辊48缠绕的聚合物材料(诸如EVA)的带(图1、图3和图5)被一个或多个拉伸辊49松开缠绕状态并且传递到传送带50和切割单元51,以将聚合物材料的带切割到某一尺寸。在一个示例中,通过使用布置在切割单元51中的刀片52将封装13和16的带或片切割到某一尺寸,使得用于形成封装13和16的材料的每个带与背板12具有相同形状和/或表面积。 
图1和图6中示出的第二区域22包括第三支撑装置55,与第二支撑装置36类似,第三支撑装置也被沿着第一生产线L1布置,并且在其上具有ECA材料的每个背板12可以为了随后的处理而定位。第三支撑装置55被沿着第一纵轴x1方向纵向布置并且沿着与第一横轴Y1平行的第二横轴 Y2横向布置。第三支撑装置55被连接到控制单元33,并且可以根据三个空间坐标x、y和θ选择性地确定朝向,并且也可以沿着第二横轴Y2平移。第四光学控制装置56可以被布置在第三支撑装置55上方,以检测抵靠在其上的背板12的位置,和/或布置在背板12上的封装13的位置,如下文所述。 
如图1和图6所示,第二区域22也可以包括两个传送带59和60,其为第二生产线L2的一部分,并且都沿着第二纵轴x2纵向地朝向,即,与传送带50共线。传送带59、60受到由控制单元33发送的命令的控制。传送带59沿着第二横轴Y2横向布置并且适合于接收从第一区域21中的传送带50到达的封装13和16。连接到控制单元33的第五光学控制装置61被布置在传送带59上的固定位置,以检测抵靠在传送带59上的每个封装13和16的位置。 
孔形成或冲孔装置62(图1、图6和图7)被布置在传送带59与第三支撑装置55之间。图7是可以包括冲孔头63和冲孔板66的冲孔装置62的侧视截面图。冲孔头63可以包括多个冲孔器65,其纵向布置并且每个冲孔器都具有预定直径,以在每个封装13中实现形成为期望的行列矩阵或其他期望图案的多个孔。由每个冲孔器65形成的孔的形状可以是根据冲孔需求的任何形状。图8示出了一些可能形状的示例,但是不是为了限制这里描述的本实用新型的范围。 
冲孔装置62的冲孔板66(其具有多个横向通孔69(图7))被按照行列矩阵来布置,并且与将要在每个封装13内形成的孔相同。冲孔板66中的多个通孔69水平地布置在冲孔头63与拱座板70之间,拱座板在冲孔头63下方的固定位置处。形成在板66中的孔69被构造为接收布置在冲孔头63中的冲孔器65,使得孔在冲孔操作期间形成在封装13内。冲孔板66也具有与孔69(未示出)平行的其他的真空孔,通过该真空孔,在板66的下表面上可选择地产生真空,以通过似的封装13附着到板66的下表面上来保持封装13。 
板66在生产线L1与L2之间沿着横轴Y2横向移动(图6和图7)。通过使用致动装置,板66可以被定位在传送带59上方的第一位置以及在 第三支撑装置55上方的第二位置。在于第一位置和第二位置之间传送板66的过程期间,板66在冲孔头63下方穿过多个中间位置之间。板66由传统的电机通过使用从控制单元33发送的命令来定位,电机的类型已知并且在附图中未示出(图1)。 
在操作期间,冲孔头63(图7)能够在每个封装13中同时形成多个孔,例如一次六个孔。在操作期间,板66以步进的方式前进,使得在预定数目的传递(例如,六次传递)时,冲孔头63可以形成封装13中的全部孔。 
在孔形成在封装13中之后,其由冲孔板66转移到在已经定位于第三支撑装置55上的背板12上方的位置处。第四光学控制装置56检验封装13相对于背板12的位置,并且如果需要的话,借助于控制单元33,将背板12与封装13对准。背板12的位置由第五光学控制装置61检验。 
一旦封装13与下方的背板12对准,由真空源(例如,真空泵)产生在冲孔板66中的真空孔中的真空被阻断,并且布置在背板12上的预先沉积的ECA被定位在形成于封装13中的孔中。 
也由控制单元33控制的馈送辊71在第三支撑装置55的下游沿着第一生产线L1布置,并且适合于将具有粘合剂电接触部(例如,ECA)和布置在其上的封装13朝向第四定位站72转移。第四定位站72沿着第一生产线L1定位,并且被构造为将多个光电电池15定位在经定位的封装13层上方。 
第四定位站72包括传送带73和两个机器人装置(分别是第二和第三机器人装置75和76),每个机器人装置都可以包括六个机器人,它们可以与第一机器人装置39类似并且也由控制单元33控制。 
传送带73(图1)被沿着第一纵轴x1纵向布置并且限定了其上布置背板12和封装13的上平面。在一些构造中,传送带73被定位在由与轴Y1和Y2平行的第三横轴Y3限定的第一横向位置。 
第二机器人装置75(图9)被构造为借助于选择性真空抓取装置来从缓冲区(未示出)拾取每个光电电池15,并且将每个光电电池15放置在封装13上的预定位置。传统的观察系统(未示出)也与第二机器人装置 75相关联,以通过读取存在于每个光电电池15上的适当记号或基准来检验每个光电电池15在封装13上的位置或者衬底的边缘。在该步骤期间,观察系统也被用来光学检查每个光电电池15,以检验它们的质量(例如,没有破裂)。基于所测量的背板12和各个光电电池15的坐标,控制单元33和第二机器人装置75能够在封装13上以极高的精确性和准确度来定位每个光电电池15。第二机器人装置75也适合于通过将有缺陷的光电电池15转移到合适的废弃物容器中来抛弃有缺陷的光电电池15。 
可以包括两个独立的机器人的第三机器人装置76(图10)被构造为一次拾取多个带79并且将它们定位在光电模块11内的边缘上及指定区域,以形成期望的电触点的图案。第三机器人装置76可以被构造为同时用选择性真空卡盘装置来拾取并传送条带79。一般来说,条带79可以由导电材料构成,例如形成为图案化的箔、带和/或片的金属,诸如从卷绕状态逐渐从辊(未示出)松开的带80。 
通过使用控制单元33,光电模块的部分之后由传送带73传送到第三区域23(图1和图11),该光电模块现在由背板12(其包括具有ECA接触的背板12)、图案化的封装13、光电电池15和条带79构成。第三区域23位于沿着第一和/或第二生产线L1、L2的由第四横轴Y4限定的第二横向位置,第四横轴Y4平行于轴Y1、Y2和Y3。 
第六光学控制装置81被布置在传送带73上方的固定位置,以在执行连续处理操作之前检验光电电池15和条带79的质量或定位的精确度。 
第三区域23(图11)包括第七光学控制装置82,其在第六光学控制装置81下游并被布置在传送带73上方,并且适合于通过使用从控制单元33发送的命令检测从第二区域22到达的光电模块的部分相对于轴X1和Y4的位置。 
第三区域23(图11)也包括第四机器人装置83,其由控制单元33控制,并且被构造为拾取被布置在传送带60的沿着第二生产线L2的最终位置中的封装16的片,并将其定位在第一生产线L1的第二横向位置(轴X1、Y4)中的光电模块的部分上方。第四机器人装置83可以包括六轴机器人,与第一机器人装置39类似,其具有真空卡盘装置,适合于将来自 传送带60的封装16的片拾取并传送到第二横向位置84。 
也连接到控制单元33的第八光学控制装置85适合于在封装16被布置在传送带60的最终位置时检测封装16的位置。 
第四机器人装置83适合于使用真空卡盘装置从玻璃18的相应堆叠层一次拾取一层玻璃18,并且随后将其定位在已经位于第二横向位置(轴x1、Y4)的所形成的堆叠上。放置玻璃层18来完成包括上文中讨论的五个层的模块11。也连接到控制单元33的第九光学控制装置86适合于在玻璃层18被从相应堆叠拾取起来之前检测玻璃层18的位置和朝向。 
与第二横向位置(轴x1、Y4)相对应地,可以包括红外加热元件的加热装置88被用来执行光电模块11的预烘烤或预加热操作。在该操作期间,从加热装置88递送的热量或能量被用来至少部分地融化包括在封装13和16的层中的绝缘材料(EVA),使得其它层12、14和18在光电模块11内至少部分地固定定位。 
在传送带73的下游,沿着与轴Y1-Y4平行的第五横轴Y5横向地布置了光电模块翻转装置89。翻转装置89通常是机器人元件,其被构造为将每个所形成的光电模块11翻转到期望朝向。在一个示例中,翻转装置89被构造为将光电模块11翻转180°,使得玻璃层18被布置为向下并且准备好进行随后的碾压操作。 
处理步骤示例 
在本实用新型的一个示例中,如图12所示,在系统10中形成光电模块11的方法可以包括以下处理操作。首先,在操作91处,背板12被装载进第一支撑装置31或者由第一支撑装置31接收,该第一支撑装置31建立在第一生产线L1中。在该操作期间,机器人39也被用来将来自第一支撑装置31的背板12传送到第二支撑装置36,该第二支撑装置36建立在第二定位站35中。在该操作期间,第一光学控制装置32和控制单元33可以被用来帮助确保从第一支撑装置31传输来的背板12由机器人39良好地在第二支撑装置36上确定朝向并定位。 
之后,在操作92处,在由第二支撑装置36递送到印刷站41之后,背板12的表面将会通过使用在印刷站41中建立的组件而使得必要的电触点 沉积在其上,该电触点适合于接触光电电池15和条带79。在该操作期间,第二支撑装置36通过使用致动器装置47(例如,线性电机)沿着Y1轴从背板接收位置36A平移到在印刷站41下方的处理位置41A。第二光学控制装置43和控制单元33可以被用来将背板12相对于印刷站41的朝向确定为使得沉积在背板12的表面上的材料将会被适当的对准和定位。 
之后,在操作93处,观察系统44和控制单元33被用来检验材料的印刷图案化层在由印刷装置42形成在背板12上之后的质量和位置。之后,诸如馈送辊45的装置被用来将背板12传送到系统10的第二区域22的第三支撑装置55。 
之后,在通常与在系统10中执行的其他操作并行执行(例如与第一到第三操作91、92和93同时执行)的操作94处,封装13和16由切割单元51形成,并且之后由冲孔装置62打出孔。之后,经切割和打孔的封装13被通过使用板66和上述传统电机布置在背板12上方,使得形成在封装13中的孔被相对于布置在背板12上的材料的印刷图案化层按照期望定位。 
之后,在操作95处,第四光学控制装置56和控制单元33被用来检查背板12和封装13以确保它们被相对于彼此正确地定位,和/或在系统10内正确地定位。 
之后,在操作96处,两个机器人装置75和76被用来将光电电池15和条带79定位在已经被布置在背板12上的封装13上方。 
之后,在操作97处,第六光学控制装置81被用来在执行随后的处理操作之前检验光电电池15和条带79的定位的质量。在执行该光学检验操作之后,背板12和其他组件被通过使用诸如传送带73的传送装置传送到第三区域23。 
之后,在操作98中,第四机器人装置83被用来将未图案化的封装材料(诸如封装16)定位在光电电池15和条带79上。 
之后,在操作99中,第四机器人装置83被用来将玻璃层18定位在封装16上,该封转该6被定位在已经定位于背板12上方的光电电池15和条带79上。在操作99的最后时,通过将来自加热装置88的热量递送到光电 模块11组件将,光电模块11预先烘烤,以使得布置在其中的封装13和16(例如,EVA)软化和/或至少部分熔化。 
之后,在操作100处,在操作99中形成的光电模块11由光电模块翻转装置89翻转,使得玻璃层18变为用于光电模块11的支撑层。 
之后,在操作101处,光电模块11受到碾压操作,其中处于光电模块11中的各个层之间的任何截留空气被移除,并且/或者封装13和16被压缩以形成密封的光电模块11,其将会在所形成的光电模块的使用寿命中保护并防止电连接和光电电池15以免受环境攻击。在一个示例中,碾压处理包括将光电模块11递送通过适合于将期望量的力施加到光电模块11的相反侧的一对辊,同时由一个或多个灯(未示出)将其加热到期望处理温度。 
如果所形成的光电模块11被发现具有不期望的缺陷,那么可以容易地通过将被排除的光电模块11传送到生产线L1的末端以使其落入定位为接收这些被排除的模块的废弃物容器(未示出)中,来将被排除的光电模块11丢弃。 
在上述处理步骤中的全部操作91-101可以由从控制单元33发送的命令来执行。 
如上所述,系统10可以包括至少两个生产线,适合于并行执行光电模块形成任务或处理操作中的至少一者以形成光电模块11。 
通过使用这里公开的一个或多个实施例,可以使得系统10的整体尺寸比其他传统光电模块形成系统小得多。在一个示例中,上文讨论的具有约100MW生产能力的系统10整体长度在约12m到约15m之间。 
很清楚,可以对于上文描述的制造光电模块的系统10进行局部的修改和/或增加,而不离开本实用新型的领域和范围。 
也很清楚,虽然已经参照具体示例描述了本实用新型,但是本领域技术人员当然能够实现许多其他等价形式的用于制造光电模块的系统和方法,其具有在权利要求中限定的特征并且因此全都落入由权利要求限定的保护范围内。 

Claims (27)

1.一种用于制造光电模块的系统,包括:
第一生产线,其包括:
两个以上定位站,其被沿着第一纵轴布置并且都适合于执行一个或多个光电模块处理操作;以及
第二生产线,其包括:
至少一个定位站,其与基本与所述第一纵轴平行的第二纵轴共线,其中,所述至少一个定位站适合于执行一个或多个光电模块处理操作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述两个以上定位站中的一者包括印刷站。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,在所述第一生产线中的所述两个以上定位站还包括:
第一定位站,其沿着所述第一纵轴布置并且被构造为接收光电模块的第一层;以及
第二定位站,其沿着所述第一纵轴布置并且被构造为接收从所述第一定位站通过使用第一机器人装置而传送来的所述第一层,其中,印刷站被沿着第一横轴布置,所述第一横轴与所述第一纵轴横切排列并穿过所述第二定位站。
4.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其中,所述第二定位站包括第二支撑装置,其具有被构造为将所接收到的所述第一层相对于所述印刷站确定朝向和/或定位的致动器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述第二支撑装置可沿着所述第一横轴平移。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述第二生产线至少包括第三定位站,其被构造为通过使用切割装置来选择性地切割来自辊的绝缘材料的层,以形成一个或多个绝缘材料的片。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中,所述系统还包括第一传送装置,其被构造为沿着所述第二纵轴传送所述一个或多个绝缘材料的片。
8.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中,所述系统还包括第二传送装置,其被构造为将所述一个或多个片中的一者从所述第二生产线中的位置传送到所述第一生产线中的第一位置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的系统,其中,所述第一生产线还包括第四定位站,其被布置在所述第一生产线中的所述第一位置下游,并且适合于将多个光电电池定位在所述一个或多个片上。
10.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中,所述第二生产线还包括适合于在所述一个或多个片中形成多个孔的装置。
11.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中,所述第二生产线还包括这样的装置,其包括:
冲孔头,其具有多个冲孔器;以及
板,其具有所述冲孔器能够从其穿过的多个通孔以及与真空源耦合的多个真空孔,其中,所述真空孔被构造为当在所述真空孔中形成低于大气压的压力时,使得所述一个或多个片中的一者粘附到所述板的表面。
12.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其中,所述第一生产线还包括第四定位站,其包括传送带、第二机器人装置和第三机器人装置,并且其中,所述第三机器人装置适合于将导电材料的多个带定位在每个光电模块的预定区域中。
13.根据权利要求12所述的系统,还包括第四机器人装置,其被布置为接近所述第一生产线和所述第二生产线的末端,并且被构造为将绝缘材料的层从所述第二生产线转移到所述第一生产线中的第二位置,并且其中,所述第四机器人装置也被构造为接收并传送层。
14.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述第一生产线还包括加热装置。
15.根据权利要求3所述的系统,其中,所述第一生产线还包括翻转装置,其被构造为改变所述第一层的朝向,使得所述第一层的表面翻转180°。
16.一种用于制造光电模块的设备,包括:
至少一个第一生产线,其沿着第一纵轴布置并具有多个定位站,其中,所述第一生产线的所述定位站中的至少一者被构造为制造所述光电模块的至少一个中间层,并且其中,所述光电模块包括多个光电电池;
至少一个第二生产线,其沿着与所述第一纵轴平行的第二纵轴布置,其中,所述第二生产线包括至少一个定位站,所述至少一个定位站被构造为与所述第一生产线的所述定位站并行地制造所述光电模块的绝缘材料的、与所述中间层相关的至少一个封装层;以及
其中,设置了传送带和可移动板以将所述至少一个封装层从所述第二生产线选择性地移动到所述第一生产线,以将所述至少一个封装层与所述中间层相关联,来制造所述光电模块。
17.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其中,所述第一生产线的定位站包括:
至少第一定位站,其被构造为将所述光电模块的至少一个背板定位到第一支撑装置中;以及
至少第二定位站,其被构造为将所述背板定位在第二支撑装置中,其中,所述第二定位站沿着第一横轴横向排列,印刷站也沿所述第一横轴排列。
18.根据权利要求17所述的设备,还包括第一机器人,其被构造为将所述背板从所述第一定位站传送到所述第二定位站。
19.根据权利要求18所述的设备,所述第一支撑装置和所述第二支撑装置中的至少一者或两者被构造为根据至少三个空间坐标x、y和θ而选择性地确定朝向。
20.根据权利要求19所述的设备,其中,所述第二支撑装置可选择性地沿着所述第一横轴朝向或远离所述印刷站平移。
21.根据权利要求16所述的设备,其中,所述第二生产线的定位站包括具有刀刃的切割单元,所述切割单元被构造为从绝缘材料的辊开始将所述封装层选择性地切割到一尺寸。
22.根据权利要求21所述的设备,其中,所述传送带被构造为将由所述切割单元切割到一尺寸的第一封装层沿着所述第二生产线传送。
23.根据权利要求22所述的设备,其中,所述可移动板被构造为将被切割到一尺寸的所述第一封装层从所述第二生产线沿着第二横轴传送到所述第一生产线,其中,所述第二传送轴基本与所述第一横轴平行。
24.根据权利要求23所述的设备,还包括沿着所述第二横轴布置的冲孔组件,其被构造为在被切割到一尺寸的所述第一封装层从所述第二生产线传送到所述第一生产线的过程中,在被切割到一尺寸的所述封装层中冲出孔。
25.根据权利要求24所述的设备,其中,所述第一生产线的定位站还包括第三定位站,其被构造为将所述光电电池定位在被切割到一尺寸并被打孔的所述第一封装层上。
26.根据权利要求25所述的设备,其中,所述第三定位站包括传送带、第二机器人和第三机器人,所述第三机器人被构造为将导电材料的多个带定位在所述光电模块上的预定区域中,以实现预定的电触点,并且其中,所述第三定位站的传送带被布置在由第三横轴限定的横向位置,其中,所述第三横轴与所述第一横轴和所述第二横轴平行。
27.根据权利要求26所述的设备,还包括第四机器人装置,其被布置为接近所述第一生产线和所述第二生产线的末端,并且被构造为从所述第二生产线拾取第二封装层,并且将所述第二封装层定位在位于所述第一生产线中由第四横轴限定的横向位置中的所述光电模块上,其中,所述第四横轴与所述第一、第二和第三横轴平行。
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