Mud and domestic refuse prepare the suite of equipment of biomass fuel
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of suite of equipment for preparing block, bar-shaped biomass fuel with the mud and the domestic refuse of town sewage plant, realizes mud and Industrialization of domestic Refuse Disposal, integrated.
Background technology
At present, with technology and the equipment that the mud and the coal of domestic refuse, Sewage Plant prepares biomass fuel, existing both at home and abroad a lot of research.But they finally all are difficult to change into real productivity, trace it to its cause, and mainly have following problem:
(1) sewage quantity of dehydration procedure generation is too big.Domestic many scientific research institutions all make the biomass fuel technology at research and utilization rubbish and mud at present, and most of technological processs all have dehydration procedure.Moisture percentage in sewage sludge after Sewage Plant is handled is generally 80% ~ 85%(also to be had and is low to moderate 65%, but processing cost is higher).The water ratio of domestic refuse is generally about 45% ~ 55%, if rainwater more season may be higher.By producing calculating in domestic refuse 1.25kg/ days per capita, the city of one 500,000 population produces the domestic refuse amount every day and reaches 625 tons.Supposing that dehydration back msw water content is 20% ~ 25%, so only is garbage dewatering, and the sewage quantity that produce every day just reaches 250 ~ 300 tons.The burden of the sewage work that this increases the weight of has undoubtedly increased the cost of refuse treatment greatly.
(2) the roasting procedure operability to mud or rubbish is not strong, and the operation cost for the treatment of refuse is too high.Major part all can relate to mud or domestic refuse roasting procedure based on the technological process that domestic refuse, mud and coal prepare biomass fuel.In the actual production, 1 kg of water is become water vapour, needing current consumption is 1 degree.The domestic refuse water content generally about 45% ~ 55%, is reduced to just suitable burning below 15% if make fuel then need with its water content.Calculate by the domestic refuse production line of handling 150 tons every day,, then need current consumption 4.5 ten thousand degree nearly if the domestic refuse water content is reduced to about 15% ~ 20%.If do not add any supplementary additive, directly mud is toasted, not only cost is higher, and because the unusual thickness of mud, the direct baking mode fact proved it also is infeasible.Use natural air drying or sunlight to shine these modes, the production cycle is long.
(3) granularity is thin inadequately behind the refuse breaking, and molding procedure is difficult to realize.Domestic refuse is crushed to below the 5mm, and adds suitable adhesive and mix, be easy to make biomass fuel with coal.The method that domestic refuse is pulverized has grinding, extruding, broken repeatedly, and used machine is difficult to reach this and pulverizes requirement at present, and per hour power consumption is all more than 30 degree, and the domestic refuse of processing is all below 1 ton.Only this item energy consumption is just very high, causes the mass disposal domestic refuse infeasible basically.
(4) calorific value of synthol is too high.Because the synthetic fuel value all more than 5000 kilocalories, needs auxiliary fuel (as coal, the gasoline etc.) proportion of interpolation very big, general enterprise or cities and counties' finance are difficult to bear.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to prepare the deficiency that scale is big, energy consumption is high, productivity is low of biomass fuel technology existence at existing mud and domestic refuse, and has proposed a kind of energy-conservation, cost is low, productivity is high integrated suite of equipment system.
The technical scheme that realizes the utility model purpose is:
A kind of mud and domestic refuse prepare the suite of equipment of biomass fuel, comprise being thick level crusher, concentration equipment, first worm conveyor, trommel screen, medium crushing machine, second worm conveyor, stirring crusher, triple helical transfer roller, the 4th worm conveyor, electronic proportioning device, the broken shaper of meticulous level, low-temperature drier and the flue gas processing device that staged is arranged and connected successively.
Described domestic refuse is without sorting, directly deliver to the hopper of thick level crusher by belt, the discharge port of thick level crusher is provided with belt will be delivered to the hopper of first worm conveyor through the broken rubbish of thick level, the belt that is connected with thick level crusher is provided with concentration equipment, the discharge port of first worm conveyor connects the hopper of trommel screen, the hopper of the corresponding medium crushing machine of the discharge port of trommel screen, domestic refuse that will be after sieving soil, send into the medium crushing machine and carry out the fragmentation second time, the hopper of corresponding second worm conveyor of the discharge port of medium crushing machine, the hopper of corresponding the 4th worm conveyor of the discharge port of second worm conveyor; The mud of Sewage Plant is delivered to the hopper that stirs crusher, stirs the hopper of the corresponding triple helical transfer roller of discharge port of crusher, the hopper of corresponding the 4th worm conveyor of the discharge port of triple helical transfer roller; The discharge port of the 4th worm conveyor is connected with the electronic proportioning device, the discharge port of electronic proportioning device is connected with the hopper of the broken shaper of meticulous level, the broken shaper discharge port of meticulous level is provided with belt and is connected with the hopper of low-temperature drier, and the suction opening of low-temperature drier is connected with flue gas processing device.
The broken shaper of described meticulous level comprises frame, is arranged on feeding mechanism, step-down gear and crushing mechanism on the frame, and the end of crushing mechanism connects former, and step-down gear is connected with motor;
Feeding mechanism comprises hopper, is connected the machine barrel of feeding with hopper, and the feeding machine jacket casing is located at not to be had outside the axle feed screw, does not have the axle feed screw and links by step-down gear and variable-frequency motor.
Crushing mechanism comprises broken machine barrel, broken shaping screw, pin cutter, compressor barrel, broken shaping screw passes the tubular shaft of step-down gear, the other end at tubular shaft is locked with tie down screw, forms cantilever design, and broken shaping screw relies on spline structure to accept the moment of torsion that motor, step-down gear transmit.Compressor barrel, broken machine barrel all are enclosed within the shaping screw outside, are fixed on the deceleration body by flange connection form.Compressor barrel is provided with opening for feed, connects form by flange and docks with the feeding machine barrel of feeding mechanism.
Described broken shaping screw divides compression section, reduction stage, profiled section, and the threaded portion of reduction stage is provided with several ring grooves, is provided with some apertures with the corresponding position of ring groove on broken machine barrel, and the pin cutter is inserted in the ring groove by aperture.Because certain interval is arranged at both sides, the bottom of pin cutter and ring groove, when broken shaping screw can not interfered with machine barrel, pin cutter when its axis rotates.
Described broken shaping screw is the change helical pitch screw rod of multi-thread (two-wire, three-way or four lines).
Described low-temperature drier comprises drying room, is arranged on the hopper and the suction opening at drying room top, the leakage material mouth and the discharge port of bottom, and be located at drying room outer variable-frequency motor, exhaust duct, sprocket wheel, chain and strainer; Be provided with 4 ~ 6 layers of foraminous conveyer in the drying room, be provided with transmission shaft in the middle of every layer of guipure, rise and support and gearing, transmission shaft is connected with variable-frequency motor, and every layer of guipure top is provided with far infrared electro-thermal tube except that the superiors' guipure.The control of conversion rotating speed of motor, thus the translational speed of control guipure reaches the purpose of adjusting time of drying, realizes the water ratio different material, after drying Shu Chu material humidity basically identical.
The far infrared electro-thermal tube that the guipure of described low-temperature drier is provided with makes progress from bottom, and the power of electrothermal tube is more and more littler, and quantity also reduces thereupon, and the total power of the superiors' electrothermal tube is 25KW ~ 45KW, and guipure warm area temperature is 80 ~ 100 ℃, and rubbish is carried out preheating; The total power of middle layer electrothermal tube is 45KW ~ 60KW, and guipure warm area temperature is 100 ~ 130 ℃, and rubbish is carried out drying; The total power of bottom electrothermal tube is 60KW ~ 75KW, and guipure warm area temperature is 130 ~ 160 ℃, and rubbish is carried out flash baking.Like this, rubbish still has certain temperature after discharge port transfers out, and also can constantly have moisture content to distribute at conveying belt.
The superiors guipure top of described low-temperature drier is provided with the stone scraper plate, and every layer of guipure below is provided with guipure cleaning roller bearing, and the switching part of adjacent guipure is arranged with the blanking slide plate.Roller bearing is cleared up the rubbish that is bonded on the guipure by reverse rotation, guarantees that guipure keeps ventilation property preferably.
The exhaust duct exit of described low-temperature drier is provided with transfers the wind dividing plate, the exhaust duct outlet is separated into effluxes air outlet and hot blast import.The hot blast some of discharging through suction opening effluxes through effluxing air outlet, and some enters drying room inside once more through the hot blast import, and the adjusting dividing plate can be regulated and efflux hot blast and enter the ratio of drying room hot blast once more, thereby reaches purpose of energy saving.
Described a whole set of production unit is staged arranges, and domestic refuse is in whole production flow process highest point, and domestic refuse and mud are carried downwards step by step, its objective is energy-conservationly, guarantees that simultaneously effusion can not flow backwards.
Working process of the present utility model is: utilize belt that domestic refuse is delivered to thick level crusher and carry out fragmentation, the domestic refuse material of broken back more than 80% is in below the 200mm, carries out the metal magnetic separation when belt is carried, and the metal in the domestic refuse is selected.Then domestic refuse is delivered to first worm conveyor, deliver to trommel screen by worm conveyor.The purpose that adopts worm conveyor to carry is to prevent the dust diffusion, keeps the cleaning of production scene.Domestic refuse behind the trommel screen sieve is delivered to the medium crushing machine and is carried out the fragmentation second time.The mud of Sewage Plant is delivered to the stirring crusher, and adds the CaO be equivalent to mud gross weight 5% ~ 10%, 3% ~ 5% NaOH and 1% ~ 3% dried wood dust, fully stirs.In the mixture of mud and domestic refuse, add the dry coal powder of mixture total weight amount 10% ~ 18% by the electronic proportioning device, carry out fragmentation, stirring, extrusion molding, make bar-shaped biomass fuel by the broken forming integrated machine of meticulous level.At last the fuel after the moulding is delivered to low-temperature drier and carries out drying, the flue gas that produces in the drying process is handled by flue gas processing device, the adsorption of gac in the use device, with the oxious component absorption that drying process produces, guarantee that being discharged into atmospheric tail gas is to reach the national security emission standard.
The utility model prepares biomass fuel with mud and domestic refuse by integrated suite of equipment, interpolation additive, molding device, do not pass through processed, adopt oven drying at low temperature, reduce running cost to greatest extent, energy efficient realizes that finally subtracting of mud and domestic refuse hold minimizing, innoxious, resource utilization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the broken shaper of meticulous level among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the broken shaper of meticulous level among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the front view of low-temperature drier among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the left view of low-temperature drier among Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the hot air circulation synoptic diagram (left view direction) of low-temperature drier among Fig. 1.
in figure: 1. belt, 2. thick level disintegrating machine, 3. concentration equipment, 4-1. the first conveying worm, 4-2. the second conveying worm, 4-3. triple helical conveyer, 4-4. the 4th conveying worm, 5. rotary screen, 6., the medium crushing machine, 7., stir disintegrating machine, 8. electronic proportioning device, 9. the broken forming machine of meticulous level, 9-1. frame, 9-2. support, 9-3. former, 9-4. broken machine barrel, 9-5. pin cutter, 9-6., broken shaping screw, 9-7. compressor barrel, 9-8. feeding machine barrel, 9-9. shaftless feed screw, 9-10. variable-frequency motor, 9-11. reductor, 9-12. tie down screw, 9-13. locking nut, 9-14. main gear reducer, 9-15. main motor, 9-16. feeding machine tube stent, 9-17. feed hopper, 10. low-temperature drier, 10-1. leak the material mouth, 10-2. discharging opening, 10-3. guipure cleaning roller bearing, 10-4. blanking slide plate, 10-5. power transmission shaft, 10-, 6. guipure, 10-7. suction opeing, 10-8. stone scraper plate, 10-9. feed hopper, 10-10. strainer, 10-11. variable-frequency motor, 10-12. drying room door, 10-13. drying room, 10-14. electrothermal tube, 10-15. efflux air outlet, 10-16., the hot blast import, 10-17. transfer the wind dividing plate, 10-18. exhaust duct, 11. flue gas processing device.
Embodiment
Be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model content, but be not qualification of the present utility model.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of mud and domestic refuse prepare the suite of equipment of biomass fuel, comprise being thick level crusher 2, concentration equipment 3, the first worm conveyor 4-1, trommel screen 5, medium crushing machine 6, the second worm conveyor 4-2, stirring crusher 7, triple helical transfer roller 4-3, the 4th worm conveyor 4-4, electronic proportioning device 8, the broken shaper 9 of meticulous level, low-temperature drier 10 and the flue gas processing device 11 that staged is arranged and connected successively.
Described domestic refuse is without sorting, directly deliver to the hopper of thick level crusher 2 by belt 1, the discharge port of thick level crusher 2 is provided with belt 1 will be delivered to the hopper of the first screw machine 4-1 through the broken rubbish of thick level, the belt 1 that is connected with thick level crusher 2 is provided with concentration equipment 3, the discharge port of the first screw machine 4-1 connects the hopper of trommel screen 5, the hopper of the corresponding medium crushing machine 6 of the discharge port of trommel screen 5, domestic refuse that will be after sieving soil, send into medium crushing machine 6 and carry out the fragmentation second time, the hopper of the corresponding second worm conveyor 4-2 of the discharge port of medium crushing machine 6, the hopper of corresponding the 4th worm conveyor 4-4 of the discharge port of the second worm conveyor 4-2; The mud of Sewage Plant is delivered to the hopper that stirs crusher 7, stirs the hopper of the corresponding triple helical transfer roller of the discharge port 4-3 of crusher 7, the hopper of corresponding the 4th worm conveyor 4-4 of the discharge port of triple helical transfer roller 4-3; The discharge port of the 4th worm conveyor 4-4 is connected with electronic proportioning device 8, the discharge port of electronic proportioning device 8 is connected with the hopper 9-17 of the broken shaper 9 of meticulous level, broken shaper 9 discharge ports of meticulous level are connected with the hopper 10-9 of low-temperature drier 10 by belt 1, and the suction opening 10-7 of low-temperature drier 10 is connected with flue gas processing device 11.
Domestic refuse material after thick level crusher 2 fragmentations more than 80% is in below the 200mm, thick level crusher 2 adopts twin shaft or four axle construction, by roller shear being cut, tear, beaten three kinds of main broken principles, (rotating speed is at 20r/min ~ domestic refuse is carried out fragmentation 80r/min) in the slow speed of revolution.
Concentration equipment 3 can sort out the metal in the domestic refuse material after the fragmentation of thick level, is convenient to the utilization again of metals resources.
Domestic refuse material behind the medium crushing more than 80% is in below the 20mm, and medium crushing machine 6 adopts and rubs, tears, three kinds of main broken principles of powerful extruding, and (rotating speed is at 20r/min ~ domestic refuse is carried out fragmentation 80r/min) in the slow speed of revolution.
Domestic refuse material after the meticulous fragmentation reaches Powdered substantially, and meticulous level crusher 9 adopts and becomes helical pitch screw structures, rely on rub, tear, powerful extrusion principle finishes task in small, broken bits.
With reference to Fig. 2,3, the broken shaper of described meticulous level comprises frame 9-1, is arranged on feeding mechanism, main gear reducer 9-14 and crushing mechanism on the frame 9-1, and the end of crushing mechanism connects former 9-3, and main gear reducer 9-14 is connected with main motor 9-15.
Feeding mechanism comprises hopper 9-17, and the feeding machine barrel 9-8 that is connected with hopper 9-17, feeding machine barrel 9-8 are set in not to be had outside the axle feed screw 9-9, does not have axle feed screw 9-9 and links by step-down gear 9-11 and variable-frequency motor 9-10.
Crushing mechanism comprises broken machine barrel 9-4, broken shaping screw 9-6, pin cutter 9-5, compressor barrel 9-7, broken shaping screw 9-6 passes the tubular shaft of main gear reducer 9-14, the other end at tubular shaft locks with tie down screw 9-12 and set nut 9-13, form cantilever design, broken shaping screw 9-6 relies on spline structure to accept the moment of torsion that main motor 9-15, main gear reducer 9-14 transmit.Compressor barrel 9-7, broken machine barrel 9-4 are enclosed within broken shaping screw 9-6 outside, are fixed on the main gear reducer 9-14 by flange connection form.Compressor barrel 9-7 is provided with opening for feed, connects form by flange and docks with the feeding machine barrel 9-8 of feeding mechanism.
Broken shaping screw 9-6 divides compression section, reduction stage, profiled section, and the threaded portion of reduction stage is provided with several ring grooves, and broken machine barrel 9-4 goes up and the corresponding position of ring groove is provided with some apertures, and pin cutter 9-5 is inserted in the ring groove by aperture.Because certain interval is arranged at both sides, the bottom of pin cutter and ring groove,, broken shaping screw 9-6 do not interfere when can not being subjected to machine barrel, pin cutter when its axis rotates.
Broken shaping screw 9-6 is the change helical pitch screw rod of multi-thread (two-wire, three-way or four lines).
With reference to Fig. 4,5,6, described low-temperature drier, comprise drying room 10-13, be arranged on the hopper 10-9 and the suction opening 10-7 at drying room 10-13 top, the leakage material mouth 10-1 and the discharge port 10-2 of bottom, and be located at drying room outer variable-frequency motor 10-11, drying room door 10-12, exhaust duct 10-18, sprocket wheel, chain and strainer 10-10; Be provided with 4 ~ 6 layers of foraminous conveyer 10-6 in the drying room 10-13, be provided with transmission shaft 10-5 in the middle of every layer of guipure 10-6, rise and support and gearing, transmission shaft 10-5 is connected with variable-frequency motor 10-11, and every layer of guipure 10-6 is provided with far infrared electro-thermal tube 10-14 except that the guipure 10-6 of the superiors.The rotating speed of control of conversion motor 10-11, thus the translational speed of control guipure 10-6 reaches the purpose of adjusting time of drying, realizes the water ratio different material, after drying Shu Chu material humidity basically identical.
The far infrared electro-thermal tube 10-14 that guipure is provided with makes progress from bottom, and the power of electrothermal tube 10-14 is more and more littler, quantity also reduces thereupon, the total power of the electrothermal tube 10-14 of the superiors is 25KW ~ 45KW, and guipure 10-6 warm area temperature is 80 ~ 100 ℃, and rubbish is carried out preheating; The total power of middle layer electrothermal tube 10-14 is 45KW ~ 60KW, and guipure 10-6 warm area temperature is 100 ~ 130 ℃, and rubbish is carried out drying; The total power of bottom electrothermal tube 10-14 is 60KW ~ 75KW KW, and guipure 10-6 warm area temperature is 130 ~ 160 ℃, and rubbish is carried out flash baking.Like this, rubbish still has certain temperature after discharge port transfers out, and also can constantly have moisture content to distribute at conveying belt.
The guipure 10-6 of the superiors top is provided with stone scraper plate 10-9, and every layer of guipure 10-6 below is provided with guipure cleaning roller bearing 10-3, and the switching part of adjacent guipure 10-6 is arranged with blanking slide plate 10-4.Roller bearing 10-3 clears up the rubbish that is bonded on the guipure 10-6 by reverse rotation, guarantees that guipure 10-6 keeps ventilation property preferably.
Exhaust duct 10-18 exit is provided with transfers wind dividing plate 10-17, exhaust duct 10-18 outlet is separated into effluxes air outlet 10-15 and hot blast import 10-16.The hot blast some of discharging through suction opening 10-7 effluxes through effluxing air outlet 10-15, some enters drying room 10-13 inside once more through hot blast import 10-16, adjusting dividing plate 10-17 can regulate and efflux hot blast and enter the ratio of drying room hot blast once more, thereby reaches purpose of energy saving.