CN108947483B - Method for preparing wall brick from sludge composite mineralized garbage - Google Patents

Method for preparing wall brick from sludge composite mineralized garbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108947483B
CN108947483B CN201811039216.3A CN201811039216A CN108947483B CN 108947483 B CN108947483 B CN 108947483B CN 201811039216 A CN201811039216 A CN 201811039216A CN 108947483 B CN108947483 B CN 108947483B
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sludge
mineralized
drying
mineralized refuse
powder
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CN108947483A (en
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权宗刚
唐宝权
宋心
梁栋
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Xi'an Research & Design Institute Of Wall & Roof Materials Co ltd
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Xi'an Research & Design Institute Of Wall & Roof Materials Co ltd
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Publication of CN108947483A publication Critical patent/CN108947483A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/103802 priority patent/WO2020048402A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/18—Drum screens
    • B07B1/22—Revolving drums
    • B07B1/26—Revolving drums with additional axial or radial movement of the drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
    • C04B38/0665—Waste material; Refuse other than vegetable refuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing wall bricks by sludge composite mineralized refuse, which comprises the following steps: placing the mineralized waste powder and the dried sludge powder into a horizontal homogenizer for homogenization, adding the blending materials for mixing to obtain a mixture, then carrying out tertiary stirring, secondary aging and primary extrusion on the mixture to obtain a brick blank, finally placing the brick blank into a drying kiln for drying, and then placing the brick blank into a roasting kiln for sintering and molding to obtain the wall brick. The sintered wall brick material prepared from the dried sludge powder, the mineralized refuse powder and the blending materials has various properties which are combined with the national standard, improves the comprehensive resource utilization capacity of the sludge and the mineralized refuse, solves the problem of sludge homogenization, and has simple process and contribution to popularization.

Description

Method for preparing wall brick from sludge composite mineralized garbage
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing wall bricks by sludge composite mineralized garbage.
Background
The mineralized refuse is a general name of nontoxic and harmless refuse formed by stabilizing domestic refuse after biodegradation for a plurality of years in a landfill. After 8-10 years of landfill (more than 10-15 years in northern areas), easily degradable substances in the landfill are basically and completely degraded, the final content is reduced to be less than 5%, the generation amount of leachate and gas is little or not generated, the surface sedimentation amount is small (less than 1cm/a), the landfill can be considered to be stabilized, and the landfill can be called mineralized garbage. The waste can be mined and utilized.
The municipal sludge refers to solid waste generated in the process of treating industrial wastewater of municipal domestic sewage. After entering the environment, the sludge which is not properly treated directly brings secondary pollution to water and atmosphere, thereby not only reducing the effective treatment capacity of the sewage treatment system, but also forming serious threats to the ecological environment and human activities. At present, most of sludge is dried, composted or 'unknown destination' and the treatment methods have the problems of high energy consumption and illegal discharge of secondary sludge, so that the secondary utilization of waste materials is rare, and the resource utilization is silent.
Along with the expansion of cities, land resources are in increasing shortage, and the resource utilization of sludge and mineralized garbage is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present. The waste, mine garbage and pollution are used as raw materials for sintering wall bricks, and the method has positive contribution to improving the ecological environment and protecting cultivated land.
In recent years, the preparation of sintered products by sludge blending is practiced in various regions, the main contradiction is the contradiction between the sludge blending amount and the sludge water content, the dried sludge with the special property of the sludge is compact and has large particle elasticity, and is not suitable for being uniformly mixed with other materials, free sludge particles exist in the sintered products, so the finished product strength of the sintered products is seriously influenced, the blending amount cannot be increased during the water content sludge blending process because the floating interval of the molding water content in the brick making process is not large, and the preparation of wall brick materials by the sludge blending is difficult to industrialize under the restriction of the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the defects of the prior art are overcome, and the method for preparing the wall brick by using the sludge and the mineralized garbage is provided, wherein the raw materials of the wall brick are from the sludge and the mineralized garbage and other blending materials, the compressive strength, frost resistance, weather resistance index, volume weight and the like of the prepared wall brick all meet the national standard, the method improves the resource utilization capacity of the sludge and the mineralized garbage, solves the problem of homogenization of the sludge, and is simple in process and beneficial to popularization.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for preparing the wall brick by compounding and mineralizing the sludge with the garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, carrying out sorting processing on the mineralized refuse to obtain mineralized refuse powder with the particle size not greater than 3mm, wherein the water content of the mineralized refuse powder is not greater than 10 wt%;
step two, processing the sludge to obtain dried sludge powder;
step three, mixing the mineralized refuse powder obtained in the step one and the dried sludge powder obtained in the step two, then putting the mixture into a horizontal homogenizer for homogenization, then adding blending materials into the homogenized material to obtain a mixture, and then sending the mixture into a stirrer for adding water for primary stirring to obtain a primary mixture; the blending material is one or more than two of shale, coal gangue and sandstone; the mass content of the mineralized refuse powder in the mixture is 30-40%, the mass content of the sludge material is 20-30%, and the mass content of the blending material in the mixture is less than 50%; the water content of the primary mixture is 8-10 wt%;
step four, performing first aging on the primary mixture obtained in the step three for 24 hours at the temperature of 20-35 ℃, obtaining a first aged material after the first aging is finished, then sending the obtained first aged material into a stirrer, adding water, and performing second stirring to obtain a secondary mixture with the water content of 8-10 wt%, performing second aging on the secondary mixture for 24 hours at the temperature of 20-35 ℃, obtaining a secondary aged material after the second aging is finished, and finally sending the secondary aged material into the stirrer, adding water, and performing third stirring to obtain a tertiary mixture with the water content of 8-10 wt%;
and step five, sending the tertiary mixture obtained in the step four into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a green brick, then placing the green brick into a drying kiln, drying for 10-20 h at the temperature of 100-150 ℃, wherein the water content of the dried green brick is not more than 5 wt%, finally placing the dried green brick into a roasting kiln, and roasting for 16-32 h at the temperature of 850-1000 ℃ to obtain the wall brick.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by using the sludge compounded mineralized refuse is characterized in that in the step one, the process for preparing the mineralized refuse powder by sorting and processing the mineralized refuse comprises the following steps:
step 101, drying the mineralized refuse, spraying a medicament for sterilization, and controlling the water content of the dried mineralized refuse to be not more than 10 wt%;
102, placing the mineralized refuse sterilized in the step one in a sieving machine for primary sieving to obtain mineralized refuse coarse materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 50mm and mineralized refuse fine materials with the particle size of less than 50 mm;
103, respectively removing metal substances in the coarse mineralized waste and the fine mineralized waste obtained in the second step, then placing the coarse mineralized waste after metal impurities are removed in water, removing light component substances floating on the water surface, fishing out the precipitate and drying to obtain heavy component materials;
104, placing the mineralized refuse fine materials from which the metal impurities are removed in the third step into a sieving machine for secondary sieving to obtain materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm and materials with the particle size of less than 3 mm;
105, putting the heavy component coarse material obtained in the third step and the material with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm obtained in the fourth step into crushing equipment for crushing, and obtaining the mineralized refuse powder with the particle size of less than 3mm after crushing.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by using the sludge composite mineralized refuse is characterized in that in the steps 102 and 104, the screening machine comprises a support, a screening machine body horizontally and obliquely arranged on the support, a protective cover arranged outside the screening machine body, and a power device arranged at the bottom of the screening machine body and used for driving the screening machine body to rotate and vibrate, wherein a feed inlet is formed in the position, located on the side, higher than the horizontal ground, of the screening machine body, the protective cover is provided with a coarse material outlet located on the side, lower than the horizontal ground, of the screening machine body, and a fine material outlet is formed in the position, located on the bottom of the screening machine body, of the; the screening machine main body comprises cylindrical screen cylinders and screen frames connected with the screen cylinders, a plurality of frame teeth are arranged on the inner wall of each screen frame, the number of the screen cylinders is at least two, the two screen cylinders are connected through one screen frame), vibration transmission frames are arranged on the outer peripheral sides of all the screen frames, each vibration transmission frame comprises an annular frame body and three protruding parts arranged on the frame body, and the protruding parts are in arc transition with the outer wall of the frame body; the power device comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are in matched transmission with the vibration transmission frame, and an electric motor which is connected with the driving wheel through a driving shaft, wherein the driving wheel is fixed on the support through a first bearing support, the driven wheel is installed on a second bearing support, and the second bearing support is installed on the support through a spring seat.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by compounding the sludge and the mineralized garbage is characterized in that the frame body and the bulge part are integrally formed; the screen frame is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of straight rods and a plurality of circular rods to form a cylindrical grid structure, and a plurality of rack teeth are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the circular rods); the distance between two adjacent circular rods is 200-400 mm, and the distance between two adjacent straight rods is not more than 50 mm; the length of the screen cylinder is 400 mm-600 mm; the length of the straight rod is 6 m-10 m, and the inner diameter of the screen drum is 4 m-6 m.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by using the sludge composite mineralized refuse is characterized in that the inclination angle of the screening machine main body is 15-20 degrees; the wheel diameter of the driving wheel is the same as that of the driven wheel, the central axes of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are parallel and level, and an included angle between a plane formed by the central axis of the driving wheel and the central axis of the frame body and a plane formed by the central axis of the driven wheel and the central axis of the frame body is 60-80 degrees.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by using the sludge composite mineralized refuse is characterized in that the processing process of drying the sludge powder in the step two comprises the following steps:
step 201, steam wall breaking: feeding sludge with water content not less than 80 wt% into a sludge steam wall breaking system, performing wall breaking for 20h under the condition that the steam pressure in the sludge steam wall breaking system is not less than 0.4MPa, and discharging the sludge after wall breaking;
step 202, flocculation: feeding the sludge discharged in the step one into a flocculation tank, adding an inorganic flocculant, mechanically stirring, standing and finishing flocculation; the addition amount of the inorganic flocculant is 1-2% of the mass of the sludge discharged after wall breaking;
step 203, precipitation: sending the sludge flocculated in the step two into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and removing the upper layer of liquid to obtain settled sludge;
step 204, deodorization: feeding the precipitated sludge obtained in the third step into a closed storage tank for anaerobic deodorization to obtain odorless precipitated sludge;
step 205, dehydration: mechanically dehydrating the odorless precipitated sludge obtained in the fourth step to ensure that the water content of the dehydrated precipitated sludge is not higher than 60 wt%;
step 206, heat drying: drying the precipitated sludge subjected to mechanical dehydration in the fifth step by using a tunnel kiln waste heat drying system to obtain dried sludge;
step 207, crushing: and (4) crushing the dried sludge obtained in the step (206) to obtain mineralized refuse powder.
The method for preparing wall bricks by sludge composite mineralized refuse is characterized in that in step 201, the sludge steam wall breaking system comprises a plurality of sludge storage tanks connected in series and a gas supply unit for supplying gas to the sludge storage tanks to increase the tank pressure, the gas supply unit is connected with a gas supply main pipe, the gas supply main pipe is respectively connected with each sludge storage tank through a plurality of gas supply branch pipes, the gas supply branch pipes are respectively provided with a first valve, the top of each sludge storage tank is provided with a sludge inlet, the bottom of each sludge storage tank is provided with a sludge outlet, and the sludge storage tanks are provided with pressure gauges for measuring the pressure in the tanks; the plurality of sludge storage tanks are communicated through a communicating pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the communicating pipe; the quantity of mud holding vessel and air feed branch pipe is 2.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by the sludge composite mineralized garbage is characterized in that in step 206, the sludge drying system of the tunnel kiln comprises a sludge feeding belt conveyor and a sludge discharging belt conveyor which are arranged in a sludge drying workshop, and a drying belt conveyor arranged between the sludge feeding belt conveyor and the sludge discharging belt conveyor, wherein a sludge discharging baffle is arranged on the feeding belt conveyor, a heat transmission air pipe is arranged right above the drying belt conveyor, a plurality of heat transmission holes are formed in the heat transmission air pipe, the heat transmission air pipe is connected with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected with a heat supply fan for collecting low-temperature belt hot steam of the tunnel kiln through a pipeline, and a heat dissipation pipeline for discharging wet water vapor generated in the drying process is arranged in the sludge drying workshop; the heat transmission air pipe is continuously and curvedly arranged right above the drying belt conveyor; the tunnel kiln sludge drying system is used for measuring a distance sensor and a controller of a sensor distance from a sludge blanking belt conveyor, the distance sensor is installed on a belt of a drying belt conveyor, the distance sensor is connected with an input end of the controller, and an output end of the controller is connected with a first switch of the drying belt conveyor, a second switch of the sludge feeding belt conveyor and a second switch of the sludge blanking belt conveyor respectively.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by the sludge composite mineralized refuse is characterized in that in the third step, the horizontal homogenizer comprises a support and a cylindrical bin horizontally placed on the support, a rotating shaft is arranged in the bin, the rotating shaft is arranged in the bin through two bearing seats, the two bearing seats are respectively arranged at two end ports of the bin, one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the bin and is sequentially connected with a speed reducer and a motor, one end of the bin close to the motor is provided with a feeding port, the other end of the bin is communicated with a discharging bin, a stirring helical blade for stirring mixed powder and an abrasive helical blade for grinding the mixed powder are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, the stirring helical blade is connected with the abrasive helical blade, and the thickness of the abrasive helical blade is greater than the blade thickness of the stirring helical blade, the grinding material spiral blade is characterized in that sawtooth-shaped grinding teeth are arranged on the outer edge of the blade of the grinding material spiral blade, sawtooth-shaped grinding walls corresponding to the positions of the grinding teeth are arranged on the inner surface of the storage bin, the grinding teeth are matched with the tooth shapes of the grinding walls, and the distance between the grinding teeth and the grinding walls is 6 mm-8 mm.
The method for preparing the wall brick material by compounding and mineralizing the sludge with the garbage is characterized in that the thickness of a blade of the grinding material helical blade is 80-100 mm, sawtooth-shaped grinding teeth are arranged on the outer edge of the blade of the grinding helical blade, the blade cannot be ground when being too thin, the weight of the grinding helical blade 6 is increased when the blade is too thick, the power of a motor is increased, the load of the high-power motor is increased, the service life of the motor can be shortened, the long-term stable operation of a horizontal homogenizer is not facilitated, the length of the storage bin is 3-6 m, and the length of the grinding material helical blade is 1-1.2 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the wall brick is prepared by mixing the dried sludge powder and the mineralized garbage with other raw materials, the waste sludge and the mineralized garbage are comprehensively utilized, the resource utilization of the sludge and the mineralized garbage is realized, the waste is changed into valuable, and the environment is protected.
2. The present invention has great loss of sludge, and is one excellent pore forming agent in the process of preparing sintered product, so that the wall brick is one kind of sintered product with high porosity, light weight and high heat insulating performance.
3. The horizontal homogenizer has the advantages that the stirring helical blade for stirring and mixing powder and the grinding material helical blade for mixing powder are arranged in the bin, the horizontal homogenizer has the functions of homogenization and grinding, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the same motor, so that the stirring helical blade and the grinding material helical blade work simultaneously, the uniform mixing is firstly carried out, then the grinding is carried out for further homogenization, the homogenization effect is better, the horizontal homogenizer can run stably for a long time, the functions of firstly mixing and then homogenizing and grinding are carried out on the mixed powder, and the mixed powder is homogenized in the grinding process.
4. According to the invention, the steam wall breaking technology is applied to sludge wall breaking treatment on sludge in the sludge drying process, so that the use of a flocculating agent in the flocculation process is effectively reduced, the cost can be reduced, meanwhile, the sludge steam wall breaking system is provided with a plurality of sludge storage tanks connected in series, the sludge wall breaking efficiency is improved, and the sludge drying efficiency can be improved. In addition, wall-broken steam and dried steam come from the tunnel kiln, the method has low energy consumption, and the invention organically links the sludge treatment industry and the sintered brick preparation industry together, thereby providing a set of complete and efficient technical route for the resource utilization of sludge.
5. The screening machine used by the invention is a device special for screening mineralized garbage, wherein the screening machine main body is horizontally and obliquely arranged, the mineralized garbage with the coarse particle size can slide downwards along the screening machine main body and then is discharged from a coarse material outlet, continuous screening can be realized, the screening efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, a plurality of rack teeth are arranged in the screen cylinder, and can hook substances such as plastic bags, woven bags, broken cloth and the like in the mineralized garbage and then regularly clean and remove the substances.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the screening machine of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the support, power device, vibratory drive frame and screen frame of the screening machine of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the vibratory drive frame of the sizer of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sludge vapor wall breaking system of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sludge drying system of a tunnel kiln according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit block diagram of the sludge drying system of the tunnel kiln of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the horizontal type homogenizer of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-an electric motor; 2, a speed reducer; 3, a storage bin;
4, a rotating shaft; 5-stirring helical blades; 6-abrasive helical blade;
7, a bearing seat; 8, discharging a bin; 9-a bracket;
10-a feed inlet; 20-1-sludge storage tank; 20-2-gas supply unit;
20-3-air supply main pipe; 20-4-supply branch pipe; 20-5-communicating pipe;
20-6-pressure gauge; 20-7-sludge inlet; 20-8-sludge outlet;
20-9 — a first valve; 20-10-a second valve; 20-11-sludge feeding belt conveyor;
20-12-sludge blanking belt conveyor; 20-13-sludge blanking baffle;
20-14-distance sensor; 20-15-drying belt conveyor;
20-16-heat transfer air pipe; 20-17-tunnel kiln; 20-18-heat exchanger;
20-19-heat supply fan. 20-a controller; 20-21-switch one;
20-22-switch two; 20-23-switch three;
30-1-screen cylinder; 30-2-vibration transmission frame; 30-2-1-frame body;
30-2-boss; 30-3-sieve frame; 30-3-1-straight rod;
30-3-2-ring rod; 30-3-rack teeth; 30-4-protective cover;
30-4-1-feed inlet; 30-4-2-fine material outlet; 30-4-3-coarse material outlet;
30-5-driven wheel; 30-6-driving wheel; 30-7-scaffold;
30-8-drive shaft; 30-9 — a first bearing support; 30-10-second bearing support;
30-11-spring seats; 30-12-motor.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the wall brick material comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out sorting processing on the mineralized refuse to obtain mineralized refuse powder with the particle size not greater than 3mm, wherein the water content of the mineralized refuse powder is not greater than 10 wt%;
step two, processing the sludge to obtain dried sludge powder;
step three, mixing the mineralized refuse powder obtained in the step one and the dried sludge powder obtained in the step two, then putting the mixture into a horizontal homogenizer for homogenization, then adding blending materials into the homogenized material to obtain a mixture, and then sending the mixture into a stirrer for adding water for primary stirring to obtain a primary mixture; the blending materials are shale and coal gangue; the mass content of the mineralized refuse powder in the mixture is 30%, the mass content of the sludge material is 30%, and the mass content of the blending material (the mass ratio of the shale to the coal gangue is 3: 1) is 40%; the water content of the primary mixture is 9 wt%;
step four, performing first aging on the primary mixture obtained in the step three for 24 hours at the temperature of 27 ℃, obtaining a first aged material after the first aging is finished, then sending the obtained first aged material into a stirrer, adding water, and performing second stirring to obtain a secondary mixture with the water content of 9 wt%, performing second aging on the secondary mixture for 24 hours at the temperature of 27 ℃, obtaining a secondary aged material after the second aging is finished, and finally sending the secondary aged material into the stirrer, adding water, and performing third stirring to obtain a third mixture with the water content of 9 wt%;
and step five, conveying the tertiary mixture obtained in the step four into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a green brick, then putting the green brick into a drying kiln, drying for 15 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃, wherein the water content of the dried green brick is 4 wt%, finally putting the dried green brick into a roasting kiln, and roasting for 24 hours at the temperature of 925 ℃ to obtain the wall brick.
In this embodiment, the process of preparing the mineralized refuse powder by sorting and processing the mineralized refuse in the first step includes the following steps:
step 101, drying the mineralized refuse, spraying a medicament for sterilization, and controlling the water content of the dried mineralized refuse to be not more than 10 wt%;
102, placing the mineralized refuse sterilized in the step one in a sieving machine for primary sieving to obtain mineralized refuse coarse materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 50mm and mineralized refuse fine materials with the particle size of less than 50 mm;
103, respectively removing metal substances in the coarse mineralized waste and the fine mineralized waste obtained in the second step, then placing the coarse mineralized waste after metal impurities are removed in water, removing light component substances floating on the water surface, fishing out the precipitate and drying to obtain heavy component materials;
104, placing the mineralized refuse fine materials from which the metal impurities are removed in the third step into a sieving machine for secondary sieving to obtain materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm and materials with the particle size of less than 3 mm;
105, putting the heavy component coarse material obtained in the third step and the material with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm obtained in the fourth step into crushing equipment for crushing, and obtaining the mineralized refuse powder with the particle size of less than 3mm after crushing.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in the process of preparing mineralized refuse powder, in step 102 and step 104, the screening machine comprises a support 30-7, a screening machine body horizontally and obliquely arranged on the support 30-7, and a protective cover 30-4 arranged outside the screening machine body, and a power device arranged at the bottom of the screening machine main body and used for driving the screening machine main body to rotate and vibrate, the protective cover 30-4 is provided with a feeding hole 30-4-1 at the position of one side of the screening machine main body which is higher than the horizontal ground, the protecting cover 30-4 is provided with a coarse material outlet 30-4-3 at one side of the sieving machine main body which is lower than the horizontal ground, the protective cover 30-4 is positioned at the bottom of the sieving machine main body and is provided with a fine material outlet 30-4-2; the screening machine main body comprises a cylindrical screen cylinder 30-1 and a screen frame 30-3 connected with the screen cylinder 30-1, a plurality of frame teeth 30-3-3 are arranged on the inner wall of the screen frame 30-3, the number of the screen cylinders 30-1 is at least two, the two screen cylinders 30-1 are connected through one screen frame 30-3, vibration transmission frames 30-2 are arranged on the outer peripheral sides of all the screen frames 30-3, each vibration transmission frame 30-2 comprises a circular frame body 30-2-1 and three protruding parts 30-2-2 arranged on the frame body, and the protruding parts 30-2-2 are in circular arc transition with the outer wall of the frame body 30-2-1; the power device comprises a driving wheel 30-6 and a driven wheel 30-5 which are in matched transmission with the vibration transmission frame 30-2, and an electric motor 30-12 which is connected with the driving wheel 30-6 through a driving shaft, wherein the driving wheel 30-6 is fixed on a support 30-7 through a first bearing support 30-9, the driven wheel 30-5 is installed on a second bearing support 30-10, and the second bearing support 30-10 is installed on the support 30-7 through a spring seat 30-11.
In the process of preparing the mineralized refuse powder, the sieve frame 30-3 is used for sieving mineralized refuse, the number of the sieve cylinders 30-1 is three, and the number of the sieve frame 30-3 is two; the inner wall of the screen frame 30-3 is provided with a plurality of frame teeth 30-3-3 for hooking fiber fabrics in the mineralized refuse, the main body of the screen machine drives the driving wheel 30-6 to rotate through the motor 30-12, the driving wheel 30-6 drives the vibration transmission frame 30-2 to rotate, so that the rotary screening is realized, in the rotary screening process, the vibration transmission frame 30-2 is provided with three convex parts 30-2-2, so that the vibration can be generated in the rotary process, the vibration enables the spring seat 30-11 to generate up-and-down elastic vibration, the vibration screen machine also has the vibration effect in the rotary screening process, and the screen machine is more beneficial to the mineralized refuse screening.
In the process of preparing the mineralized refuse powder, the frame body 30-2-1 and the convex part 30-2-2 are integrally formed; the screen frame 30-3 is fixedly connected by a plurality of straight rods 30-3-1 and a plurality of circular rods 30-3-2 to form a cylindrical grid structure, and a plurality of frame teeth 30-3-3 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the circular rods 30-3-2; the distance between two adjacent circular rods 30-3-2 is 200 mm-400 mm, and the distance between two adjacent straight rods 30-3-1 is not more than 50 mm; the length of the screen cylinder 30-1 is 400 mm-600 mm; the length of the straight rod 30-3-1 is 6 m-10 m, the inner diameter of the screen cylinder 30-1 is 4 m-6 m, the distance between two adjacent straight rods 30-3-1 of the screening machine in the step 102 is 50mm, and the distance between two adjacent straight rods 30-3-1 of the screening machine in the step 104 is 3 mm.
In the process of preparing mineralized refuse powder, the inclination angle of the screening machine main body is 15-20 degrees, the screening machine main body arranged in a horizontal inclination mode aims to slide downwards along the screening machine main body in the mineralized refuse with the coarse particle size in the vibration screening process, then the mineralized refuse is discharged from the coarse material outlet 4-3, and the horizontal inclination angle is researched and developed simultaneously, the inclination angle of the screening machine main body is set to be 15-20 degrees, the inclination angle is not too large, the mineralized refuse is not completely screened in the screening machine, so that the mineralized refuse is discharged, the horizontal inclination angle is too small, the mineralized refuse with the coarse particle size cannot be smoothly discharged, continuous screening can be realized due to the horizontal inclination design, and the screening efficiency is improved.
In the process of preparing the mineralized refuse powder, the wheel diameters of the driving wheel 30-6 and the driven wheel 30-5 are the same, the central axes of the driving wheel 30-6 and the driven wheel 30-5 are flush, and an included angle beta between a plane formed by the central axis of the driving wheel 30-6 and the central axis of the frame body 30-2-1 and a plane formed by the central axis of the driven wheel 30-5 and the central axis of the frame body 30-2-1 is 60-80 degrees. The drive wheel 30-6 and the driven wheel 30-5 are used to firmly fix the screening machine body, and the drive wheel 30-6 can be driven by the motor to rotate so as to drive the screening machine body to rotationally screen the mineralized waste.
The process of the screening machine for screening the mineralized refuse comprises the following steps: the mineralized refuse is put into the feed inlet 30-4-1, then the motor 30-12 is started, the motor 30-12 drives the driving wheel 30-6 to rotate, the driving wheel 30-6 is matched with the vibration transmission frame 30-2 to drive the vibration transmission frame 30-2 to rotate, in the rotating process, the surface of the vibration transmission frame 30-2 is provided with three convex parts 30-2-2, so that the main body of the sieving machine vibrates in the rotating process, the function of vibrating and sieving the mineralized refuse is achieved, the mineralized refuse fine materials with the particle size of less than 50mm flow out from the fine material outlet 30-4-2, the mineralized refuse coarse materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 50mm are discharged from the coarse material outlet 30-4-3, and the rack teeth 3-3 are used for discharging plastic bags, woven bags and the mineralized refuse in the, Broken materials such as cloth hook is stayed in the screening machine, consequently need regularly clear up the debris of hook on the screening machine, prevents to block up a sieve section of thick bamboo, influences the effect of vibration screening.
In this embodiment, the processing of the dried sludge powder in the second step includes the following steps:
step 201, steam wall breaking: breaking the wall of sludge with the water content not lower than 80 wt% by a sludge steam wall breaking system, filling the sludge with the steam pressure of 0.5MPa, maintaining the pressure for 20h, completing wall breaking, and discharging the sludge;
step 202, flocculation: feeding the sludge discharged after the wall breaking in the step one into a flocculation tank, adding an inorganic flocculant, mechanically stirring, standing and finishing flocculation; the addition amount of the inorganic flocculant is 1.5 percent of the mass of the sludge discharged after wall breaking;
step 203, precipitation: sending the sludge flocculated in the step two into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and removing the upper layer of liquid to obtain settled sludge;
step 204, deodorization: feeding the precipitated sludge obtained in the third step into a closed storage tank for anaerobic deodorization to obtain odorless precipitated sludge;
step 205, dehydration: mechanically dehydrating the odorless precipitated sludge obtained in the fourth step to ensure that the water content of the dehydrated precipitated sludge is 40 wt%;
step 206, heat drying: drying the precipitated sludge subjected to mechanical dehydration in the fifth step by using a tunnel kiln waste heat drying system to obtain dried sludge;
step 207, crushing: and (4) crushing the dried sludge obtained in the step (206) to obtain mineralized refuse powder.
As shown in fig. 4, in the process of processing mineralized refuse powder, in step 201, the sludge vapor wall breaking system includes a plurality of sludge storage tanks 20-1 connected in series and a gas supply unit 20-2 for supplying gas to the sludge storage tanks 20-1 to increase the tank pressure, the air supply unit 20-2 is connected with an air supply main pipe 20-3, the air supply main pipe 20-3 is respectively connected with each mud storage tank 20-1 through a plurality of air supply branch pipes 20-4, the air supply branch pipes 20-4 are respectively provided with a first valve 20-9, the top of the sludge storage tank 20-1 is provided with a sludge inlet 20-7, a sludge outlet 20-8 is formed in the bottom of the sludge storage tank 20-1, and a pressure gauge 20-6 for measuring the pressure in the tank is arranged on the sludge storage tank 20-1; the plurality of sludge storage tanks 20-1 are communicated through communicating pipes 20-5, and second valves 20-10 are arranged on the communicating pipes 20-5; the number of the mud storage tanks 20-1 and the number of the air supply branch pipes 20-4 are 2; the number of mud holding vessel 1 and air feed branch pipe 4 is 2, marks respectively as 1# sludge holding vessel and 2# sludge holding vessel.
The working principle of the sludge steam wall breaking system is as follows: and (2) conveying sludge with the water content of 80% into a 1# sludge storage tank from a sludge inlet, closing a sludge inlet 20-7, a sludge outlet 20-8 and a second valve 20-10 of the 1# sludge storage tank, then opening a first valve 20-9 connected with the 1# sludge storage tank, introducing steam into the 1# sludge storage tank, and closing the first valve 20-9 connected with the 1# sludge storage tank for pressure maintaining when the pressure in the tank reaches 0.5 MPa. Filling sludge with the water content of 80% into a No. 2 sludge storage tank during the pressure maintaining period of the No. 1 sludge storage tank, closing a sludge inlet 20-7 and a sludge outlet 20-8 of the No. 2 sludge storage tank, keeping a first valve 20-9 and a second valve 20-10 in a closed state, opening the second valve 20-10 to relieve the tank pressure of the No. 1 sludge storage tank after the pressure maintaining period of the No. 1 sludge storage tank is 20h (the process is also to pressurize the No. 2 sludge storage tank), closing the second valve 20-10 after the tank pressure of the No. 1 sludge storage tank and the tank pressure of the No. 2 sludge storage tank are balanced, opening the sludge outlet 20-8 of the No. 1 sludge storage tank to complete the wall breaking and discharge the sludge after the pressure maintaining period, simultaneously opening the first valve 20-9 connected with the No. 2 sludge storage tank, closing the first valve 20-9 connected with the No. 2 sludge storage tank after the 2 sludge storage tank is supplemented with steam to 0.5MPa, and (4) maintaining the pressure for 20h, completing wall breaking after a specified value is reached, discharging the sludge after wall breaking, immediately filling the sludge into the sludge storage tank after wall breaking, and performing next wall breaking operation to realize continuous wall breaking.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the process of processing mineralized refuse powder, in step 206, the sludge drying system of the tunnel kiln includes a sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11 and a sludge discharging belt conveyor 20-12 which are disposed in a sludge drying workshop, and a drying belt conveyor 20-15 which is disposed between the sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11 and the sludge discharging belt conveyor 20-12, a sludge discharging baffle 20-13 is disposed on the feeding belt conveyor 20-11, a heat transfer pipe 20-16 is disposed right above the drying belt conveyor 20-15, a plurality of heat transfer holes are disposed on the heat transfer pipe 20-16, the heat transfer pipe 20-16 is connected with a heat exchanger 20-18, the heat exchanger 20-18 is connected with a heat supply fan 20-19 for collecting low-temperature belt hot steam of the tunnel kiln 20-17 through a pipeline, a heat dissipation pipeline for discharging moisture vapor generated in the drying process is arranged in the sludge drying workshop; the heat transmission air pipes 20-16 are continuously and curvedly arranged right above the drying belt conveyors 20-15, and the heat transmission air pipes are continuously and curvedly arranged, so that the hot steam in the tunnel kiln can be maximally transmitted to the belt conveyors for drying the sludge.
In the process of processing mineralized refuse powder, the sludge drying system of the tunnel kiln is used for measuring a distance between a sensor and a sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12, and comprises a distance sensor 20-14 and a controller 20-20, wherein the distance sensor 20-14 is installed on a belt of a drying belt conveyor 20-15, the distance sensor 20-14 is connected with an input end of the controller 20-20, and an output end of the controller 20-20 is respectively connected with a first switch 20-21 of the drying belt conveyor 15, a second switch 20-22 of a sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11 and a second switch 20-23 of the sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12; the arranged controller 20-20 and the distance sensor 20-14 can realize automatic sludge feeding and discharging, and the control process is as follows: the sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11 feeds sludge onto a belt of a drying belt conveyor 20-15, the belt of the drying belt conveyor 20-15 is driven to drive a distance sensor 20-14 to be continuously close to a sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12, when the distance sensor 20-14 is closest to the sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12, measured distance information is transmitted to a controller 20-20, the controller 20-20 sends instructions to a first switch 20-21, a second switch 20-22 and a third switch 20-23 to turn off the drying belt conveyor 20-15, the sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11 and the sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12, and after sludge on the drying belt conveyor 20-15 is dried, the controller 20-20 sends instructions to turn on the drying belt conveyor 20-15, The sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11 and the sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12 are controlled by the controller 20-20 to close the drying belt conveyor 20-15, the sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11 and the sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12 again until the distance between the distance sensor 20-14 and the sludge blanking belt conveyor 20-12 is the nearest again, and then automatic sludge feeding and discharging are achieved.
In the process of processing mineralized refuse powder, the drying process of sludge in the sludge drying plant of the tunnel kiln sludge drying system is that the sludge after mechanical dehydration in the sixth step is dried by feeding the precipitated sludge to the drying belt conveyor 20-15 through the sludge feeding belt conveyor 20-11, the sludge fed to the drying belt conveyor 20-15 adopts hot steam from the low-temperature zone of the tunnel kiln 20-20 to dry the sludge, the hot steam is conveyed to the drying belt conveyor through the heat exchanger 20-18 and the heat-sending fan 20-19, the hot steam promotes the water in the sludge to evaporate, the water vapor is discharged through the heat dissipation pipeline, and finally the dried sludge is obtained.
As shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, in step three, the horizontal homogenizer includes a cylindrical bin 3 on a support 9, a rotating shaft 4 is disposed in the bin 3, the rotating shaft 4 is disposed in the bin 3 through two bearing seats 7, the two bearing seats 7 are respectively disposed at two ends of the bin 3, one end of the rotating shaft 4 extends out of the bin 3 and is sequentially connected to a speed reducer 2 and a motor 1, a feed inlet 10 is disposed at one end of the bin 3 close to the motor 1, the other end of the bin 3 is communicated with a lower bin 8, a stirring helical blade 5 for stirring mixed powder and an abrasive helical blade 6 for grinding the mixed powder are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 4, the stirring helical blade 5 is connected to the abrasive helical blade 6, and the thickness of the abrasive helical blade 6 is greater than the blade thickness of the stirring helical blade 5, the grinding material spiral blade 6 is characterized in that saw-tooth-shaped grinding teeth are arranged on the outer edge of the blade, and saw-tooth-shaped grinding walls corresponding to the positions of the grinding teeth are arranged on the inner surface of the bin 3.
Be provided with stirring helical blade 5 and abrasive material helical blade 6 in the feed bin 3 of this embodiment, stirring helical blade 5 can be used to mineralize mineralization rubbish powder and mummification mud powder's rotatory misce bene, and the wall-grinding cooperation that is provided with on abrasive material helical blade 6 and the internal surface of feed bin 3 more is favorable to the grinding of mineralize mineralization rubbish powder and mummification mud powder, obtains the more even mixed powder of particle diameter.
In the embodiment, the tooth forms of the grinding tooth and the grinding wall are matched, the distance between the grinding tooth and the grinding wall is 6-8 mm, and the gap under the size can be used for mechanically grinding mineralized garbage powder and dried sludge powder added into a bin 3 of the homogenizer, so that the granularity of the powder is reduced, and the mixed powder is further homogenized in the grinding process.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the abrasive spiral blade 6 is 80mm to 100mm, the outer edge of the abrasive spiral blade 6 is provided with sawtooth-shaped grinding teeth, the thickness of the blade is too thin to perform a grinding function, if the thickness of the blade is too thick, the weight of the abrasive spiral blade 6 is increased, so that the power of the motor is increased, the load of the high-power motor is increased, the service life of the motor is shortened, and the long-term stable operation of the horizontal homogenizer is not facilitated.
In this embodiment, the length of the stock bin is 3m to 6m, and the length of the abrasive spiral blade 6 is 1m to 1.2 m.
In this embodiment, the process of using the horizontal homogenizer for the homogenization of mineralized refuse powder and dried sludge powder is as follows: the horizontal homogenizer is characterized in that a motor 1 and a speed reducer 2 drive a rotating shaft 4 to rotate, so as to drive a stirring helical blade 5 and an abrasive helical blade 6 to rotate, mineralized garbage powder and sludge materials are fed from a feeding hole, after the materials are uniformly stirred under the action of the stirring helical blade 5, after the mixture enters the abrasive helical blade 6, the mixture is further kneaded and stirred under the action of grinding teeth and grinding walls on the abrasive helical blade 6 to achieve the purpose of homogenization, meanwhile, light substances such as sawdust and the like left in the mineralized garbage can be ground under the friction action of the mineralized garbage powder and the abrasive helical blade, the purpose of completely homogenizing the mineralized garbage powder and the dried sludge powder is finally achieved, and the homogenized mixture reaches a discharging bin through a discharging hole to be discharged.
The preparation method for preparing the wall brick is applied to secondary transformation of a production line of 6000 million wall bricks produced in a certain area every year, and is used for measuring and calculating 100 ten thousand yuan of equipment cost, 30 ten thousand yuan of auxiliary materials, 50 ten thousand yuan of building installation cost, 20 ten thousand yuan of other cost and 200 ten thousand yuan of total cost in the transformation process. The production line adopts the raw materials of 30 percent of sludge, 30 percent of mineralized refuse and 40 percent of blending materials, 12 ten thousand tons of sludge (the water content is 90 percent) and 5 ten thousand tons of mineralized refuse are consumed in the last year of production. The annual income is 3000 tens of thousands, the production line modification cost accounts for 6.67%, the scheme basically solves the sludge disposal problem within 50 kilometers of the periphery, and the consumption of the mineralized garbage also solves the problem of short space of the garbage landfill in the area. Meanwhile, the wall brick prepared by the embodiment is submitted for inspection, and the detection result shows that: the compression strength, frost resistance, weather resistance, volume weight and the like of the composite material all meet the national standard.
Example 2
The preparation method of the wall brick material comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out sorting processing on the mineralized refuse to obtain mineralized refuse powder with the particle size not greater than 3mm, wherein the water content of the mineralized refuse powder is 9 wt%;
step two, processing the sludge to obtain dried sludge powder;
step three, mixing the mineralized refuse powder obtained in the step one and the dried sludge powder obtained in the step two, then putting the mixture into a horizontal homogenizer for homogenization, then adding blending materials into the homogenized material to obtain a mixture, and then sending the mixture into a stirrer for adding water for primary stirring to obtain a primary mixture; the blending material is sandstone; the mass content of the mineralized refuse powder in the mixture is 40%, the mass content of the sludge material is 20%, and the mass content of the blending material is 40%; the water content of the primary mixture is 8 wt%;
step four, performing first aging on the primary mixture obtained in the step three for 24 hours at the temperature of 20 ℃, obtaining a first aged material after the first aging is finished, then sending the obtained first aged material into a stirrer, adding water, and performing second stirring to obtain a secondary mixture with the water content of 8 wt%, performing second aging on the secondary mixture for 24 hours at the temperature of 20 ℃, obtaining a secondary aged material after the second aging is finished, and finally sending the secondary aged material into the stirrer, adding water, and performing third stirring to obtain a third mixture with the water content of 8 wt%;
and step five, conveying the tertiary mixture obtained in the step four into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a green brick, then putting the green brick into a drying kiln, drying for 20 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, wherein the water content of the dried green brick is 4.5%, finally putting the dried green brick into a roasting kiln, and roasting for 32 hours at the temperature of 850 ℃ to obtain the wall brick.
In this embodiment, the process of preparing the mineralized refuse powder by sorting and processing the mineralized refuse in the first step includes the following steps:
step 101, drying the mineralized refuse, spraying a medicament for sterilization, and controlling the water content of the dried mineralized refuse to be 8 wt%;
102, placing the mineralized refuse sterilized in the step one in a sieving machine for primary sieving to obtain mineralized refuse coarse materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 50mm and mineralized refuse fine materials with the particle size of less than 50 mm;
103, respectively removing metal substances in the coarse mineralized waste and the fine mineralized waste obtained in the second step, then placing the coarse mineralized waste after metal impurities are removed in water, removing light component substances floating on the water surface, fishing out the precipitate and drying to obtain heavy component materials;
104, placing the mineralized refuse fine materials from which the metal impurities are removed in the third step into a sieving machine for secondary sieving to obtain materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm and materials with the particle size of less than 3 mm;
105, putting the heavy component coarse material obtained in the third step and the material with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm obtained in the fourth step into crushing equipment for crushing, and obtaining the mineralized refuse powder with the particle size of less than 3mm after crushing.
In this embodiment, the screening machine in step 102 is the same as the screening machine in step 102 of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the processing of the dried sludge powder in the second step includes the following steps:
step 201, steam wall breaking: breaking the wall of sludge with the water content not lower than 80 wt% by a sludge steam wall breaking system, charging steam pressure not lower than 0.4MPa, maintaining the pressure for 20h, completing wall breaking, and discharging the sludge;
step 202, flocculation: feeding the sludge discharged after the wall breaking in the step one into a flocculation tank, adding an inorganic flocculant, mechanically stirring, standing and finishing flocculation; the addition amount of the inorganic flocculant is 1% of the mass of the sludge discharged after wall breaking;
step 203, precipitation: sending the sludge flocculated in the step two into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and removing the upper layer of liquid to obtain settled sludge;
step 204, deodorization: feeding the precipitated sludge obtained in the third step into a closed storage tank for anaerobic deodorization to obtain odorless precipitated sludge;
step 205, dehydration: mechanically dehydrating the odorless precipitated sludge obtained in the fourth step to ensure that the water content of the dehydrated precipitated sludge is 45 wt%;
step 206, heat drying: drying the precipitated sludge subjected to mechanical dehydration in the fifth step by using a tunnel kiln waste heat drying system to obtain dried sludge;
step 207, crushing: and (4) crushing the dried sludge obtained in the step (206) to obtain mineralized refuse powder.
In this embodiment, the sludge steam wall breaking system in step 201 is the same as the sludge steam wall breaking system in step 201 in example 1, the tunnel kiln waste heat drying system in step 206 is the same as the sludge steam wall breaking system in step 201 in example 1, and the horizontal homogenizer in step three is the same as the horizontal homogenizer in step three in the example.
The wall brick prepared by the embodiment is submitted for inspection, and the detection result shows that: the compression strength, frost resistance, weather resistance, volume weight and the like of the composite material all meet the national standard.
Example 3
The preparation method of the wall brick material comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out sorting processing on the mineralized refuse to obtain mineralized refuse powder with the particle size not greater than 3mm, wherein the water content of the mineralized refuse powder is 5 wt%;
step two, processing the sludge to obtain dried sludge powder;
step three, mixing the mineralized refuse powder obtained in the step one and the dried sludge powder obtained in the step two, then putting the mixture into a horizontal homogenizer for homogenization, then adding blending materials into the homogenized material to obtain a mixture, and then sending the mixture into a stirrer for adding water for primary stirring to obtain a primary mixture; the blending materials are shale, coal gangue and sandstone; the mass content of the mineralized refuse powder in the mixture is 35%, the mass content of the sludge material is 25%, and the mass content of the blending material (the mass ratio of shale to coal gangue to sandstone is 1: 1: 1) is 40%; the water content of the primary mixture is 10 wt%;
step four, performing first aging on the primary mixture obtained in the step three for 24 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃, obtaining a first aged material after the first aging is finished, then sending the obtained first aged material into a stirrer, adding water, and performing second stirring to obtain a secondary mixture with the water content of 10 wt%, performing second aging on the secondary mixture for 24 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃, obtaining a secondary aged material after the second aging is finished, and finally sending the secondary aged material into the stirrer, adding water, and performing third stirring to obtain a third mixture with the water content of 10 wt%;
and step five, conveying the tertiary mixture obtained in the step four into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a green brick, then putting the green brick into a drying kiln, drying for 10 hours at the temperature of 150 ℃, wherein the water content of the dried green brick is 3.8 wt%, and finally putting the dried green brick into a roasting kiln, and roasting for 16 hours at the temperature of 1000 ℃ to obtain the wall brick.
In this embodiment, the process of preparing the mineralized refuse powder by sorting and processing the mineralized refuse in the first step includes the following steps:
step 101, drying the mineralized refuse, spraying a medicament for sterilization, and controlling the water content of the dried mineralized refuse to be not more than 10 wt%;
102, placing the mineralized refuse sterilized in the step one in a sieving machine for primary sieving to obtain mineralized refuse coarse materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 50mm and mineralized refuse fine materials with the particle size of less than 50 mm;
103, respectively removing metal substances in the coarse mineralized waste and the fine mineralized waste obtained in the second step, then placing the coarse mineralized waste after metal impurities are removed in water, removing light component substances floating on the water surface, fishing out the precipitate and drying to obtain heavy component materials;
104, placing the mineralized refuse fine materials from which the metal impurities are removed in the third step into a sieving machine for secondary sieving to obtain materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm and materials with the particle size of less than 3 mm;
105, putting the heavy component coarse material obtained in the third step and the material with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm obtained in the fourth step into crushing equipment for crushing, and obtaining the mineralized refuse powder with the particle size of less than 3mm after crushing.
In this embodiment, the screening machine in step 102 is the same as the screening machine in step 102 of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the processing of the dried sludge powder in the second step includes the following steps:
step 201, steam wall breaking: breaking the wall of sludge with the water content not lower than 80 wt% by a sludge steam wall breaking system, filling the sludge with the steam pressure of 0.6MPa, maintaining the pressure for 20h, completing wall breaking, and discharging the sludge;
step 202, flocculation: feeding the sludge discharged after the wall breaking in the step one into a flocculation tank, adding an inorganic flocculant, mechanically stirring, standing and finishing flocculation; the addition amount of the inorganic flocculant is 2% of the mass of the sludge discharged after wall breaking;
step 203, precipitation: sending the sludge flocculated in the step two into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and removing the upper layer of liquid to obtain settled sludge;
step 204, deodorization: feeding the precipitated sludge obtained in the third step into a closed storage tank for anaerobic deodorization to obtain odorless precipitated sludge;
step 205, dehydration: mechanically dehydrating the odorless precipitated sludge obtained in the fourth step to ensure that the water content of the dehydrated precipitated sludge is 50 wt%;
step 206, heat drying: drying the precipitated sludge subjected to mechanical dehydration in the fifth step by using a tunnel kiln waste heat drying system to obtain dried sludge;
step 207, crushing: and (4) crushing the dried sludge obtained in the step (206) to obtain mineralized refuse powder.
In this embodiment, the sludge steam wall breaking system in step 201 is the same as the sludge steam wall breaking system in step 201 in example 1, the tunnel kiln waste heat drying system in step 206 is the same as the sludge steam wall breaking system in step 201 in example 1, and the horizontal homogenizer in step three is the same as the horizontal homogenizer in step three in the example.
The wall brick prepared by the embodiment is submitted for inspection, and the detection result shows that: the compression strength, frost resistance, weather resistance, volume weight and the like of the composite material all meet the national standard.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The method for preparing the wall brick by compounding and mineralizing the sludge with the garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, carrying out sorting processing on the mineralized refuse to obtain mineralized refuse powder with the particle size not greater than 3mm, wherein the water content of the mineralized refuse powder is not greater than 10 wt%;
step two, processing the sludge to obtain dried sludge powder;
step three, mixing the mineralized refuse powder obtained in the step one and the dried sludge powder obtained in the step two, then putting the mixture into a horizontal homogenizer for homogenization, then adding blending materials into the homogenized material to obtain a mixture, and then sending the mixture into a stirrer for adding water for primary stirring to obtain a primary mixture; the blending material is one or more than two of shale, coal gangue and sandstone; the mass content of the mineralized refuse powder in the mixture is 30-40%, the mass content of the sludge material is 20-30%, and the mass content of the blending material in the mixture is less than 50%; the water content of the primary mixture is 8-10 wt%;
step four, performing first aging on the primary mixture obtained in the step three for 24 hours at the temperature of 20-35 ℃, obtaining a first aged material after the first aging is finished, then sending the obtained first aged material into a stirrer, adding water, and performing second stirring to obtain a secondary mixture with the water content of 8-10 wt%, performing second aging on the secondary mixture for 24 hours at the temperature of 20-35 ℃, obtaining a secondary aged material after the second aging is finished, and finally sending the secondary aged material into the stirrer, adding water, and performing third stirring to obtain a tertiary mixture with the water content of 8-10 wt%;
and step five, sending the tertiary mixture obtained in the step four into a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding to obtain a green brick, then placing the green brick into a drying kiln, drying for 10-20 h at the temperature of 100-150 ℃, wherein the water content of the dried green brick is not more than 5 wt%, finally placing the dried green brick into a roasting kiln, and roasting for 16-32 h at the temperature of 850-1000 ℃ to obtain the wall brick.
2. The method for preparing wall bricks from sludge composite mineralized refuse according to claim 1, wherein the step one of preparing mineralized refuse powder by sorting and processing mineralized refuse comprises the following steps:
step 101, drying the mineralized refuse, spraying a medicament for sterilization, and controlling the water content of the dried mineralized refuse to be not more than 10 wt%;
102, placing the mineralized refuse sterilized in the step one in a sieving machine for primary sieving to obtain mineralized refuse coarse materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 50mm and mineralized refuse fine materials with the particle size of less than 50 mm;
103, respectively removing metal substances in the coarse mineralized waste and the fine mineralized waste obtained in the second step, then placing the coarse mineralized waste after metal impurities are removed in water, removing light component substances floating on the water surface, fishing out the precipitate and drying to obtain heavy component materials;
104, placing the mineralized refuse fine materials from which the metal impurities are removed in the third step into a sieving machine for secondary sieving to obtain materials with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm and materials with the particle size of less than 3 mm;
105, putting the heavy component coarse material obtained in the third step and the material with the particle size of more than or equal to 3mm and less than 50mm obtained in the fourth step into crushing equipment for crushing, and obtaining the mineralized refuse powder with the particle size of less than 3mm after crushing.
3. The method for preparing wall bricks from sludge composite mineralized refuse according to claim 2, the screening machine is characterized in that in the steps 102 and 104, the screening machine comprises a bracket (30-7), a screening machine body horizontally and obliquely arranged on the bracket (30-7) and a protective cover (30-4) arranged outside the screening machine body, and a power device arranged at the bottom of the screening machine main body and used for driving the screening machine main body to rotate and vibrate, a feed inlet (30-4-1) is arranged at the position of the protective cover (30-4) on one side of the screening machine main body which is higher than the horizontal ground, the side of the protective cover (30-4) which is positioned at the lower part of the screening machine main body from the horizontal ground is provided with a coarse material outlet (30-4-3), the protective cover (30-4) is positioned at the bottom of the sieving machine main body and is provided with a fine material outlet (30-4-2); the screening machine main body comprises a cylindrical screen cylinder (30-1) and a screen frame (30-3) connected with the screen cylinder (30-1), a plurality of frame teeth (30-3-3) are arranged on the inner wall of the screen frame (30-3), the number of the screen cylinders (30-1) is at least two, the two screen cylinders (30-1) are connected through one screen frame (30-3), the outer peripheral sides of all the screen frames (30-3) are provided with vibration transmission frames (30-2), the vibration transmission frame (30-2) comprises a circular frame body (30-2-1) and three protrusions (30-2-2) arranged on the frame body, and the protrusions (30-2-2) are in arc transition with the outer wall of the frame body (30-2-1); the power device comprises a driving wheel (30-6) and a driven wheel (30-5) which are in matched transmission with the vibration transmission frame (30-2), and an electric motor (30-12) which is connected with the driving wheel (30-6) through a driving shaft, wherein the driving wheel (30-6) is fixed on the support (30-7) through a first bearing support (30-9), the driven wheel (30-5) is installed on a second bearing support (30-10), and the second bearing support (30-10) is installed on the support (30-7) through a spring seat (30-11).
4. The method for preparing the wall brick from the sludge composite mineralized waste according to claim 3, wherein the frame body (30-2-1) and the convex part (30-2-2) are integrally formed; the screen frame (30-3) is fixedly connected by a plurality of straight rods (30-3-1) and a plurality of circular rods (30-3-2) to form a cylindrical grid structure, and a plurality of rack teeth (30-3-3) are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the circular rods (30-3-2); the distance between two adjacent circular rods (30-3-2) is 200 mm-400 mm, and the distance between two adjacent straight rods (30-3-1) is not more than 50 mm; the length of the screen cylinder (30-1) is 400-600 mm; the length of the straight rod (30-3-1) is 6 m-10 m, and the inner diameter of the screen cylinder (30-1) is 4 m-6 m.
5. The method for preparing wall bricks from sludge composite mineralized refuse according to claim 3, wherein the inclination angle of the screening machine main body is 15-20 °; the wheel diameters of the driving wheel (30-6) and the driven wheel (30-5) are the same, the central axes of the driving wheel (30-6) and the driven wheel (30-5) are parallel and level, and an included angle between a plane formed by the central axis of the driving wheel (30-6) and the central axis of the frame body (30-2-1) and a plane formed by the central axis of the driven wheel (30-5) and the central axis of the frame body (30-2-1) is 60-80 degrees.
6. The method for preparing wall bricks from sludge composite mineralized refuse according to claim 1, wherein the processing process of drying sludge powder in the second step comprises the following steps:
step 201, steam wall breaking: feeding sludge with water content not less than 80 wt% into a sludge steam wall breaking system, performing wall breaking for 20h under the condition that the steam pressure in the sludge steam wall breaking system is not less than 0.4MPa, and discharging the sludge after wall breaking;
step 202, flocculation: feeding the sludge discharged in the step one into a flocculation tank, adding an inorganic flocculant, mechanically stirring, standing and finishing flocculation; the addition amount of the inorganic flocculant is 1-2% of the mass of the sludge discharged after wall breaking;
step 203, precipitation: sending the sludge flocculated in the step two into a sedimentation tank for sedimentation, and removing the upper layer of liquid to obtain settled sludge;
step 204, deodorization: feeding the precipitated sludge obtained in the third step into a closed storage tank for anaerobic deodorization to obtain odorless precipitated sludge;
step 205, dehydration: mechanically dehydrating the odorless precipitated sludge obtained in the fourth step to ensure that the water content of the dehydrated precipitated sludge is not higher than 60 wt%;
step 206, heat drying: drying the precipitated sludge subjected to mechanical dehydration in the fifth step by using a tunnel kiln waste heat drying system to obtain dried sludge;
step 207, crushing: and (4) crushing the dried sludge obtained in the step (206) to obtain mineralized refuse powder.
7. The method for preparing wall bricks by sludge composite mineralized waste according to claim 6, wherein in step 201, the sludge steam wall breaking system comprises a plurality of sludge storage tanks (20-1) connected in series and a gas supply unit (20-2) for supplying gas to the sludge storage tanks (20-1) and increasing the tank pressure, the gas supply unit (20-2) is connected with a gas supply main pipe (20-3), the gas supply main pipe (20-3) is respectively connected with each sludge storage tank (20-1) through a plurality of gas supply branch pipes (20-4), the gas supply branch pipes (20-4) are respectively provided with a first valve (20-9), the top of the sludge storage tank (20-1) is provided with a sludge inlet (20-7), the bottom of the sludge storage tank (20-1) is provided with a sludge outlet (20-8), a pressure gauge (20-6) for measuring the pressure in the sludge storage tank (20-1) is arranged on the sludge storage tank; the sludge storage tanks (20-1) are communicated through communicating pipes (20-5), and second valves (20-10) are arranged on the communicating pipes (20-5); the number of the sludge storage tank (20-1) and the number of the air supply branch pipes (20-4) are 2.
8. The method for preparing wall bricks by sludge composite mineralized refuse according to claim 6, wherein the sludge drying system of the tunnel kiln in step 206 comprises a sludge feeding belt conveyor (20-11) and a sludge blanking belt conveyor (20-12) which are arranged in a sludge drying workshop, and a drying belt conveyor (20-15) which is arranged between the sludge feeding belt conveyor (20-11) and the sludge blanking belt conveyor (20-12), wherein a sludge blanking baffle (20-13) is arranged on the feeding belt conveyor (20-11), a heat transmission air pipe (20-16) is arranged right above the drying belt conveyor (20-15), a plurality of heat transmission holes are arranged on the heat transmission air pipe (20-16), and the heat transmission air pipe (20-16) is connected with a heat exchanger (20-18), the heat exchanger (20-18) is connected with a heat delivery fan (20-19) for collecting low-temperature hot steam of the tunnel kiln (20-17) through a pipeline, and a heat dissipation pipeline for discharging damp water vapor generated in the drying process is arranged in the sludge drying workshop; the heat transmission air pipes (20-16) are continuously and curvedly arranged right above the drying belt conveyor (20-15); the tunnel kiln sludge drying system is used for measuring a distance between a sensor and a sludge blanking belt conveyor (20-12), and comprises a distance sensor (20-14) and a controller (20-20), wherein the distance sensor (20-14) is installed on a belt of a drying belt conveyor (20-15), the distance sensor (20-14) is connected with an input end of the controller (20-20), and an output end of the controller (20-20) is respectively connected with a first switch (20-21) of the drying belt conveyor, a second switch (20-22) of a sludge feeding belt conveyor (20-11) and a second switch (20-23) of the sludge blanking belt conveyor (20-12).
9. The method for preparing wall bricks by using sludge composite mineralized refuse according to claim 1, characterized in that in step three, the horizontal homogenizer comprises a support (9) and a cylindrical bin (3) horizontally placed on the support (9), a rotating shaft (4) is arranged in the bin (3), the rotating shaft (4) is arranged in the bin (3) through two bearing seats (7), the two bearing seats (7) are respectively arranged at two end ports of the bin (3), one end of the rotating shaft (4) extends out of the bin (3) and is sequentially connected with a speed reducer (2) and a motor (1), a feeding hole (10) is formed in one end, close to the motor (1), of the bin (3), the other end of the bin (3) is communicated with a lower bin (8), and a stirring spiral blade (5) for stirring and mixing powder and an abrasive material for grinding and mixing powder are fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (4) Helical blade (6), stirring helical blade (5) and abrasive material helical blade (6) meet, the thickness of abrasive material helical blade (6) is greater than the blade thickness of stirring helical blade (5), the blade of abrasive material helical blade (6) is outer along being provided with the gerar grinding of zigzag, be provided with on the internal surface of feed bin (3) with the dado of the zigzag of gerar grinding position corresponding, the tooth form of grinding and dado cooperatees, the distance between gerar grinding and the dado is 6mm ~ 8 mm.
10. The method for preparing wall bricks by using sludge composite mineralized refuse according to claim 9, wherein the thickness of the abrasive spiral blade (6) is 80mm to 100mm, the length of the storage bin is 3m to 6m, and the length of the abrasive spiral blade (6) is 1m to 1.2 m.
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CN108947483B (en) * 2018-09-06 2020-10-02 西安墙体材料研究设计院有限公司 Method for preparing wall brick from sludge composite mineralized garbage
CN111792814B (en) * 2020-08-11 2021-07-30 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 Fly ash municipal sludge treatment method and system
CN111992482B (en) * 2020-08-20 2022-03-11 芷江凯丰米业有限公司 Rice processing method and equipment
CN115792188B (en) * 2023-01-31 2023-04-25 中建山东投资有限公司 Comprehensive analysis equipment for clean reuse of coal gangue and pilot scale implementation

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