CN203084050U - Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant full-optical-fiber current transformer - Google Patents
Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant full-optical-fiber current transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN203084050U CN203084050U CN 201220711818 CN201220711818U CN203084050U CN 203084050 U CN203084050 U CN 203084050U CN 201220711818 CN201220711818 CN 201220711818 CN 201220711818 U CN201220711818 U CN 201220711818U CN 203084050 U CN203084050 U CN 203084050U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a sensing optical fiber coil which is obtained through specially twisting a sensing optical fiber, and a full-optical-fiber current transformer which is prepared through applying the sensing optical fiber coil. According to the sensing optical fiber coil, twisted optical fiber is wound on a coil frame according to a 8-shape for forming an I-part optical fiber ring and an II-part optical fiber part in opposite winding directions. The I-part optical fiber ring is composed of a rotation starting segment and a speed reduction rotating segment of the twisted optical fiber. The II-part optical fiber ring is composed a high-speed uniform rotation segment of the twisted optical fiber. The axis of the I-part optical fiber ring is parallel with that of the II-part optical fiber ring. Furthermore the area of the I-part optical fiber ring is equal with that of the II-part optical fiber ring. The I-part optical fiber ring is used as a compensation ring of the sensing optical fiber coil, and the II-part optical fiber ring is used as a sensing ring of the sensing optical fiber coil. A current lead passes through the II-part optical fiber ring. The sensing optical fiber coil prevents effect in measurement of the full-optical-fiber current transformer by incomplete performance of a lambda/4 wave plate, and simultaneously eliminates measurement error of the full-optical-fiber current transformer by a Sagnac effect caused by vibration.
Description
Technical field
The all-fiber current transformator that the utility model relates to a kind of sensor fibre structure and adopts this kind sensor fibre.
Background technology
Along with the improving constantly of line voltage grade in the electric system, capacity constantly increases and the informationization of intelligent grid, digitizing, robotization, interactive requirement, the conventional current mutual inductor has exposed major defect gradually, and more and more can not satisfy the power system development requirement, so the research of optical current mutual inductor is extremely urgent.The novel all-fiber current transformator of magneto-optic glass optical fiber fabrication that utilizes magneto-optic glass to be drawn into, be based on faraday (Frarday) effect, can overcome the shortcoming of conventional current mutual inductor to a certain extent, will progressively replace traditional current transformer and become one of main means of power network monitoring.The principle of all-fiber current transformator is based on the Faraday effect (Faraday Effect) of light, promptly at the optical fiber of the suitable number of turns of outer most surrounding of tested Ampereconductors, when electric current flows through conductor, the magnetic field that produces around it will make the polarization direction of the interior transmission of optical fiber light wave change.Can be expressed as
Wherein, H is by the magnetic field of sensing, and L is the length of sensor fibre in the magnetic field, and V is Fil moral (Verdet) coefficient of sensor fibre, and θ is the angle of light wave electric deflection in the optical fiber.
The domestic research that has how tame unit to be engaged in optical fiber current mutual inductor at present, although the optical fiber current mutual inductor of indivedual enterprises has entered production and hanging net operation stage, the repeatability of properties of product and long-time stability also are faced with acid test.Ultralow refraction optical fiber be bent make the sensor fibre ring after, produced extra linear birefringence, and this linear birefringence depends on environmental factors such as temperature strongly, add that optical fiber itself is subject to the influence of factors such as vibrating, the light polarization of being transmitted is extremely unstable, and therefore being suitable for the sensor fibre that all-fiber current transformator uses is the key of the research of optical fiber current mutual inductor.
Sensor fibre in the existing reflecting type full-optical fiber current mutual inductor, be to mention in 200910262107.2 the Chinese utility model patent as application number, material is the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, has one section or not of rotation, one section transferred section (spiral speed ascent stage) and one section at the uniform velocity rotation section and catoptron successively.But the swing difference of optical fiber each several part, Fil moral (Verdet) coefficient of diverse location is not quite similar.In length is rising in the section of walking around of L, and the German number average in the Fil on each location point is inequality, slowly increases but increase direction along fiber spiral, so formula just becomes
Wherein H is by the magnetic field of sensing, and L is the length of sensor fibre in the magnetic field, and V is the German number in the Fil of sensor fibre, and θ is the angle of light wave electric deflection in the optical fiber.Because the German number in Fil depends on the position in the sensor fibre, when conductor wire was in diverse location around the sensor fibre, the phase change that obtains thus will be different.This just makes this sensor fibre be subjected to the position influence of current lead, thereby does not possess good antijamming capability, is not suitable for practical application.
Application number is that 201120417236.7 Chinese utility model patent has designed a kind of sensor fibre ring, the sensor fibre that has solved aforementioned patent (application number is 200910262107.2) is to the locus sensitive issue, but still there are some very important problems in this patent: because current lead places the optional position in the described fiber optic loop, so each point is inequality to the temperature variation that electric current causes on the sensor fibre, because sensor fibre itself is comparatively responsive to temperature, this will introduce certain phase error.Anti-interference and degree of stability are difficult to guarantee.Secondly, the optical fiber current mutual inductor of this patent is a kind of Sagnac formula optical fiber current mutual inductor.Sagnac formula optical fiber current mutual inductor not only has the characteristics of current sensor but also has the characteristics of Sagnac formula sensor, that is to say, this sensor can responsive electric current again can responsive Sagnac effect.The Sagnac effect is meant, when light beam advances in a circular passage, if rotate this circular passage, the direction of rotating along passage is advanced, and to rotate opposite direction needed time of advancing along passage many for needed time ratio, two-beam can produce optical path difference, and the optical path difference size is directly proportional with the circular passage rotating speed.Hence one can see that, and Sagnac formula sensor is a kind of angular-rate sensor, very responsive to vibration or rotation.High-tension line is distributed in outdoor, and owing to blowing or vibrating, high-voltage conducting wires can rock, thereby causes the vibration of current transformer transducing part, and Sagnac formula fibre optic current sensor transducing part is responsive to vibration, exports to change thereupon.Because this defective, the output of Sagnac formula sensor changes the variation that can't distinguish electric current itself in external environment influence or the high-voltage conducting wires, has had a strong impact on the measurement accuracy of current transformer, can't be practical.
The utility model content
It is a kind of by the special sensor fibre coil that turns to of sensor fibre that the utility model provides, and use the all-fiber current sensor that this sensor fibre coil is made.This sensor fibre coil has avoided λ/4 wave plates owing to the incomplete type of performance all-fiber current transformator to be measured the influence that produces by the special sensor fibre winding structure of the utility model; Eliminate the measuring error of the all-fiber current transformator that the Sagnac effect that caused by vibrations causes simultaneously, overcome the ubiquitous technical barrier of all-fiber current transformator well.
For realizing above utility model purpose, the utility model provides following technical scheme.
A kind of sensor fibre coil comprises and turns round optical fiber and coil rack, and the described optical fiber of turning round is to be reversed by the line polarization maintaining optical fibre to form, and has comprised rotation section, at the uniform velocity rotation section of high speed and reduction of speed rotation section successively according to reversing speed; Described rotation section and reduction of speed rotation section are symmetrical structure (being that both equal in length and speed of rotation are symmetry equivalent) along the optical fiber integrally direction, and wherein, at the uniform velocity the length of rotation section accounts for 60% to 90% of sensor fibre total length; It is characterized in that:
This is turned round optical fiber and is wound on opposite I portion fiber optic loop, the II portion fiber optic loop of formation coiling direction on the coil rack by " 8 " font; Described I portion fiber optic loop section is made up of rise rotation section and the reduction of speed rotation of turning round optical fiber; II portion fiber optic loop by the high speed of turning round optical fiber at the uniform velocity the section of rotation form;
Described I portion fiber optic loop equates with the parallel axes of II portion fiber optic loop and the area that is surrounded;
I portion fiber optic loop is as the compensated loop of sensor fibre coil, and II portion fiber optic loop is as the sensing ring of sensor fibre coil, and current lead passes II portion fiber optic loop.
A kind of method for making of above-mentioned sensor fibre coil may further comprise the steps:
1) reverses making with the line polarization maintaining optical fibre and turn round optical fiber;
2) with make turn round optical fiber on described coil rack by " 8 " font coiling sensor fibre coil, promptly turn round optical fiber alternately in I, II zone coiling, I portion fiber optic loop that the coiling direction of formation is opposite and II portion fiber optic loop promptly constitute " 8 " font winding;
3) the I portion fiber optic loop of coiling equates with II portion fiber optic loop area and axis is parallel to each other, and evenly overlays on the coil rack; Require current lead to pass through along the axis of described II portion fiber optic loop; Coil rack is in order to fixing sensor fibre ring.
All-fiber current transformator comprises light source, photodetector, fiber coupler, has had partially, the beam split of beam split and phase modulation (PM) function plays offset system device, line is protected off-delay optical cable and above-mentioned sensor fibre coil; Described light source plays offset system device with photodetector by fiber coupler and beam split and links to each other; Beam split plays two output ports of offset system device and protects two external connection end that the off-delay optical cable is welded to the sensor fibre coil respectively by the line of correspondence; Beam split plays offset system device and tells the linearly polarized light of two bundles with the polarization direction, protects the off-delay optical cable through corresponding line respectively and enters the sensor fibre coil.
Advantage of the present utility model:
1. in all-fiber current sensor, utilize electric current to produce the magnetic field of detection strength of current is realized in to(for) the change of the velocity of propagation of the circularly polarized light of propagating in the optical fiber that is wound on around it, therefore any precision and performance that influences the factors influence sensor of optical polarization, wherein the incompleteness of λ/4 wave plates, temperature sensitivity and with optical fiber be main influence factor to axis error.The utility model utilizes the function that optical fiber can be realized λ/4 wave plates, ellipse/circle polarization maintaining optical fibre and half-wave plate of turning round of special construction, thereby has simplified light path, improves the integrated degree of system; The light path light signal loss that the welding point that having reduced is increased because of the device access brings and the decline of light polarization quality have solved the ubiquitous technical barrier of all-fiber current sensor.
2. fibre optic current sensor of the present utility model is to vibration or rotate insensitive.The utility model sensor fibre coil forms two kinds of two kinds of fiber optic loop that the coiling direction is opposite: I portion compensated loop and II portion sensing ring.Because the coiling direction of two kinds of fiber optic loop is opposite, therefore when vibration or rotation take place when such as light wave in I portion fiber optic loop, make light path elongated because of the Sagnac effect, then because of Sagnac effect light path shortens, the Sagnac effect is offset just fully in II portion fiber optic loop.I portion compensated loop can be eliminated the phase error that the Sagnac effect causes in the II portion sensing ring, has solved the technical matters of the main error of all-fiber current transformator.
The utility model be used for the induction current lead sensing ring (II portion) fully by the at the uniform velocity section of the rotation coiling of the high speed of turning round optical fiber, thereby avoided turning round the different and tender subject of the Ampereconductors position that causes of the German number in optical fiber each several part Fil.Adopt this coiling mode on technology, to be easy to more realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be constitute in the utility model sensor fibre turn round optical fiber structure and the light wave polarization state changes synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is sensor fibre coil " a 8 " word group coiling synoptic diagram in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is to use the most preferred embodiment figure of the all-fiber current transformator that this sensor fibre makes.
Wherein, 1-light source, 2-fiber coupler, 3-Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device, 4-optical fiber delayer, 5-sensor fibre, 51-play the rotation section, and 52-is at the uniform velocity rotation section at a high speed, 53 reductions of speed rotation section, 6-current lead, 7-photodetector.
Embodiment
All-fiber current sensor utilizes the Faraday effect of sensor fibre to realize current measurement, be that tested current lead magnetic field on every side causes that thereby the circularly polarized lights of the different rotation directions of two bundles in the sensor fibre produce phase differential with the friction speed transmission, can measure the size of electric current in the lead indirectly by the signal amplitude after the measurement interference.When two restrainted the opposite circularly polarized light of rotation directions through magneto-optic optical fiber, because Faraday effect, the velocity of propagation of two bundle circularly polarized lights changed, and cause that phase differential changes between the two-beam.Just can measure the size of current in wire indirectly by the variation of measuring the interference light intensity between the relevant two-beam.
Fig. 1 is that turn round optical fiber structure and the light wave that constitute sensor fibre change synoptic diagram through thereafter polarization state.Turn round optical fiber structure and comprise following components: play rotation section 51, at the uniform velocity rotation section of high speed 52 and reduction of speed rotation section 53.Wherein play the rotation section for reversing speed from the zero high speed rotating speed that slowly changes to, reduction of speed rotation section slowly changes to zero for reversing speed from high speed rotating speed.Play the rotation section and reduction of speed rotation section is a symmetrical structure along the optical fiber direction, both equal in length and speed of rotation symmetry are identical, at a high speed at the uniform velocity the length of rotation section much larger than other two part total lengths.
When this structure of linearly polarized light incident turn round optical fiber the time, become ellipse/circularly polarized light by working the section of revolving 51 through light wave in the at the uniform velocity rotation section 52 back optical fiber at a high speed, afterwards, light wave becomes linearly polarized light again after through reduction of speed rotation sections 53.Because the length of at the uniform velocity rotation section 52 is longer at a high speed, light wave is main form transmission with ellipse/circularly polarized light in sensor fibre.Therefore, turn round optical fiber and have quarter-wave plate and oval polarization maintaining optical fibre function.This figure is intended to characterize the polarization state of each section, and the length of at the uniform velocity rotation section 52 is much larger than the length that plays rotation section 51 and reduction of speed rotation section 53 in fact at a high speed.
Fig. 2 is sensor fibre coil " 8 word group coiling synoptic diagram.Corresponding I, II portion winding optical fiber ring on described coil rack are formed " 8 " font winding, and wherein I is a compensated loop, and II is the sensing ring, promptly turn round optical fiber alternately in described I, the coiling of II portion, and I, II portion coiling direction promptly constitute " 8 " font winding on the contrary.In order to embody the coiling characteristics of fiber optic loop " 8 " font more intuitively, reduced the coiling number of turns of fiber optic loop, sensor fibre coil I portion's compensated loop and sensor fibre coil II portion sensing ring are fixed by coil rack among the figure, and current lead only passes II portion sensing ring.By playing the beginning of rotation section, go into coil rack II portion (sensing ring) in coil rack I portion around half-turn (or less than half-turn) is laggard, oppositely behind coiling one circle, enter coil rack I portion (compensated loop), oppositely coiling one is enclosed again, by that analogy, in coil rack I, the coiling back and forth of II portion, final reduction of speed rotation section is got back to starting point behind coil rack I portion coiling half-turn (or less than half-turn) with figure of eight formula.Wherein I, II portion fiber optic loop area equate that parallel axes evenly overlays on the coil rack.
Sensor fibre coil of the present utility model is divided into two parts: II portion is the sensing ring, is used for induction current; I portion is a compensated loop, and its effect is compensation and eliminates the phase differential that is caused by the Sagnac effect in the II portion (sensing ring).Wherein, II portion is all formed by the optical fiber coiling of turning round of at the uniform velocity rotating at a high speed, and the German number in Fil is identical everywhere, is a constant at the sensing annulate shaft to the German number in total Fil, optional position, like this, guarantees the location independent of measurement result and conductor.Therefore like this sensor fibre coil made of winding method had not only had the insensitive characteristic in Ampereconductors position but also had had and vibrated insensitive characteristic to external world.
Fig. 3 is the most preferred embodiment of all-fiber current transformator of the present utility model.The light that LASER Light Source 1 is sent is an end and 3 couplings of Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device behind fiber coupler 2.Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device 3 has been realized partially, the function of beam split and phase modulation (PM).Through the light wave of Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device 3, be coupled into two lines respectively and protect off-delay optical cable 4, enter the two ends of sensor fibre 5 more respectively.The special construction of this sensor fibre can realize that the polarization state of light wave changes ellipse/circularly polarized light into by linearly polarized light.Same ellipse/the circularly polarized light of two bundles is propagated in opposite directions in sensor fibre coil II portion, transmission direction is just in time opposite with the relation that current lead 6 forms magnetic field, therefore, the Faraday effect that magnetic field around the tested current lead causes makes that two bundle ellipse/circularly polarized lights transmit with friction speed in the optical fiber, and Faraday effect causes that the phase differential of two-beam is Φ
F=2NVl.After the two-beam ripple passes through sensor fibre coil I, II two parts, because this two-part coiling direction is opposite, therefore vibration causes the counteracting of Sagnac phase differential, and here the effect of the compensation sensor fibre coil II Sagnac of portion phase differential is only played by the I portion of sensor fibre coil.At last, this two-beam obtains two bunch polarized lights through the reduction of speed rotation section of sensor fibre, only carry the phase information that Faraday effect causes, meeting when Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device 3 places interferes, and interference signal turns back in the photodetector 8 through fiber coupler 2.So, just can accurately measure size of current by tested lead by measuring phase differential between this two-beam ripple.
Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device 3, also can adopt several devices of separation: the polarizer, fiber coupler and phase-modulator come together to realize its function.
The length of turning round optical fiber is generally 2-3 rice, and length is 4-5 rice when measuring little electric current, and the minimum pitch of turning round optic fibre turning is 1-10mm.
Adopt the sensor fibre of this special construction, no longer need quarter-wave plate in all-fiber current transformator, line is protected the off-delay optical cable and is directly linked to each other with sensor fibre.
Claims (2)
1. a sensor fibre coil comprises and turns round optical fiber and coil rack, and the described optical fiber of turning round is to be reversed by the line polarization maintaining optical fibre to form, and has comprised rotation section, at the uniform velocity rotation section of high speed and reduction of speed rotation section successively according to reversing speed; Described rotation section and reduction of speed rotation section are symmetrical structure along the optical fiber integrally direction, and wherein, at the uniform velocity the length of rotation section accounts for 60% to 90% of sensor fibre total length; It is characterized in that:
This is turned round optical fiber and is wound on opposite I portion fiber optic loop, the II portion fiber optic loop of formation coiling direction on the coil rack by " 8 " font; Described I portion fiber optic loop section is made up of rise rotation section and the reduction of speed rotation of turning round optical fiber; II portion fiber optic loop by the high speed of turning round optical fiber at the uniform velocity the section of rotation form;
Described I portion fiber optic loop equates with the parallel axes of II portion fiber optic loop and the area that is surrounded;
I portion fiber optic loop is as the compensated loop of sensor fibre coil, and II portion fiber optic loop is as the sensing ring of sensor fibre coil, and current lead passes II portion fiber optic loop.
2. all-fiber current transformator is characterized in that: comprise light source, photodetector, fiber coupler, had partially, the beam split of beam split and phase modulation (PM) function plays offset system device, line is protected the sensor fibre coil described in off-delay optical cable and the claim 1; Described light source plays offset system device with photodetector by fiber coupler and beam split and links to each other; Beam split plays two output ports of offset system device and protects two external connection end that the off-delay optical cable is welded to the sensor fibre coil respectively by the line of correspondence; Beam split plays offset system device and tells the linearly polarized light of two bundles with the polarization direction, protects the off-delay optical cable through corresponding line respectively and enters the sensor fibre coil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220711818 CN203084050U (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2012-12-20 | Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant full-optical-fiber current transformer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220711818 CN203084050U (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2012-12-20 | Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant full-optical-fiber current transformer |
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| CN203084050U true CN203084050U (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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| CN 201220711818 Withdrawn - After Issue CN203084050U (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2012-12-20 | Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant full-optical-fiber current transformer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103063897A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant type all-optical fiber current transformer |
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2012
- 2012-12-20 CN CN 201220711818 patent/CN203084050U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103063897A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant type all-optical fiber current transformer |
| CN103063897B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-07-15 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber coil and vibration-resistant type all-optical fiber current transformer |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130724 Effective date of abandoning: 20150715 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130724 Effective date of abandoning: 20150715 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |