CN202362488U - Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and straight-through type all-fiber current sensor - Google Patents
Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and straight-through type all-fiber current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202362488U CN202362488U CN2011204172367U CN201120417236U CN202362488U CN 202362488 U CN202362488 U CN 202362488U CN 2011204172367 U CN2011204172367 U CN 2011204172367U CN 201120417236 U CN201120417236 U CN 201120417236U CN 202362488 U CN202362488 U CN 202362488U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a sensing fiber, comprising a spiral velocity rise segment, a spiral velocity uniform velocity segment and a spiral velocity decrease segment in turn. The spiral velocity rise segment and the spiral velocity decrease segment are symmetrical structures, the lengths of the spiral velocity rise segment and the spiral velocity decrease segment are equal and the spiral velocities are symmetrical and same. The utility model also discloses a sensing fiber ring made of the sensing fiber, and the starting points and ending points of the spiral velocity rise segment and the spiral velocity decrease segment are superposed at space diameter positions. The screw pitches of the sensing fiber of the utility model are same at any symmetrical position, and the sensing fiber ring made of the sensing fiber is equal to a closed-loop, so that the anti-interference performance of the sensing fiber ring and the accuracy and stability of a tested bus current are guaranteed. Furthermore, the utility model discloses a straight-through type all-fiber current sensor.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of sensor fibre.The utility model also relates to a kind of sensor fibre ring of being processed by this sensor fibre, and the through-type all-fiber current sensor of using this sensor fibre ring.
Background technology
All-fiber current sensor just begins to have obtained use in grid and electric intelligent net, but its long-time stability and antijamming capability are to determine its practicality and the most critical index that is widely used.The domestic unit that all-fiber current sensor is studied possibly surpass 20 families at present; The thumping majority technical scheme is transplanted from fiber-optics gyroscope and is come; The sensor fibre ring has nearly all adopted so-called quarter-wave plate, adds ultralow birefringent single mode.Produce and the hanging net operation stage although the all-fiber current sensor of indivedual enterprises has got into, the repeatability of properties of product and long-time stability also are faced with acid test.In fact; The ultra-low birefringence fiber that comes from external import be bent make fiber optic loop after, just produced extra linear birefringence, and this linear birefringence depends on temperature strongly; Add the influence that optical fiber is originally experienced factors such as extraneous vibration, make that the light polarization of being transmitted is extremely unstable.
Principle of full optical fiber current sensor is based on the Faraday effect (Faraday Effect) of light; And can be expressed as
wherein H by the magnetic field of sensing; L is the length of sensor fibre in the magnetic field; V is Fil moral (Verdet) coefficient of sensor fibre, and θ is the angle of light wave electric deflection in the optical fiber.
Application number is that 200910262107.2 Chinese utility model patent discloses a kind of sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor, and its starting material are the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, comprises the not section of rotation, a transferred section and an at the uniform velocity rotation section successively.In this patent; There is one period " transferred section " (also can be called the spiral speed ascent stage) in sensor fibre, although through behind the certain-length L, sensor fibre carries out the transition at the uniform velocity rotation section (spiral speed is section at the uniform velocity) from transferred section; Yet in the spiral speed ascent stage; The German number in its Fil no longer is a constant, but increases with spiral speed and slowly increase along the optical fiber direction, so aforementioned formula is converted into
Suppose with length to be that the sensor fibre of L is made a sensor fibre ring, so above-mentioned formula just becomes θ=∮
LThe contour integration of VHd λ, because the German number in Fil depends on the position of L, thereby the variation phase of light wave also can depend on the position of (promptly in the ring) contact rod in this closed-loop path.Simultaneously when ring external memory outside magnetic field or busbar, θ=∮
LThe integrated value of VHd λ also no longer is zero, makes this sensor fibre ring not possess antijamming capability.Therefore the reflex sensing fiber optic loop of utilizing this sensor fibre to make can not be isolated the outfield interfere with or compromise fully.According to what mention in this patent; The at the uniform velocity rotation section of said sensor fibre (spiral speed is section at the uniform velocity) length is 1-3 rice; That is to say the sensor fibre that only comprises the 1-3 circle in the sensor fibre ring; Because at present the diameter of sensor fibre ring is generally about 30cm, and the length of transferred section (spiral speed ascent stage) is usually in 25-40cm (the bat length of this linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre roughly confirms before specifically by spiral), so this section spiral speed ascent stage accounts for about 12% to 30% of length overall.The results showed that this type sensor fibre ring does not only have antijamming capability, and in case make ring, during diverse location, tested current value shows fluctuation in current bus bar is in ring, and this fluctuation is up to 2%-5%.
For the fluctuation that reduces the actual measurement electric current and the interference in outfield, unique method is the number of turns that increases sensor fibre ring inner fiber, makes that length and the spiral speed length ratio at the uniform velocity section of spiral speed ascent stage is more little good more.In any case but the number of turns that increases sensor fibre can only be improved the antijamming capability of sensor fibre ring, can not overcome or eliminate the dependence of interference and the measuring current value in outfield fully to the current bus bar position.If the outfield is the thunder and lightning of hundreds of thousands ampere, then can produce serious disturbance and hidden danger to electric power pool.
The utility model content
The technical matters that the utility model will solve provides a kind of sensor fibre, and disturb in its anti-outfield, can eliminate the dependence of measuring current value to the current bus bar position.The utility model also provides a kind of sensor fibre ring of being processed by this sensor fibre, and the through-type all-fiber current sensor of having used this sensor fibre ring.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The sensor fibre of the utility model is for being moved back the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre of linear polarization; Said sensor fibre comprises a spiral speed ascent stage, a spiral speed at the uniform velocity a section and a spiral speed descending branch successively; Said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch are symmetrical structure, and the two equal in length and spiral speed symmetry are identical.
Further, the minimum of said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch rotation pitch and spiral speed minimum pitch at the uniform velocity section equates, and minimum pitch is more than or equal to 0.5 times of said linear birefringence beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber before the spiral not.The length of said spiral speed ascent stage or spiral speed descending branch more than or equal to said not spiral before 50 times of linear birefringence beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
Further; The spiral speed of said spiral speed ascent stage increases to the highest predetermined spiral speed from zero; The said spiral speed at the uniform velocity spiral speed of section keeps the highest predetermined spiral speed, and the spiral speed of said spiral speed descending branch reduces to zero from the highest predetermined spiral speed.The spiral speed of said spiral speed ascent stage is gradual rising, and the spiral speed of spiral speed descending branch is gradual decline.
The sensor fibre ring of the utility model is formed by a sensor fibre coiling; Said sensor fibre is for being moved back the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre of linear polarization; This sensor fibre comprises a spiral speed ascent stage, a spiral speed at the uniform velocity a section and a spiral speed descending branch successively; Said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch are the symmetrical structure along the optical fiber direction, and the two equal in length and spiral speed symmetry are identical;
The starting point of the starting point of said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring; Two starting points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap; The terminal point of said spiral speed ascent stage is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring with the terminal point of speed of rotation descending branch, and two terminal points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap.
The through-type all-fiber current sensor of the utility model comprises light source, 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers, linear polarizer, linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre and sensor fibre ring; Said light source is connected to the polarization maintaining optical fibre input end of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers; Two polarization maintaining optical fibre output terminals of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers are connected with two linear polarizers respectively, and the other end of said two linear polarizers is connected to the two ends of sensor fibre ring respectively through the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre; One single-mode fiber output terminal of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers is vacant or connect detector, remains two single-mode fiber input ends and is connected with signal processor through two detectors respectively; Said sensor fibre ring is formed by a sensor fibre coiling; Said sensor fibre is for being moved back the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre of linear polarization; This sensor fibre comprises a spiral speed ascent stage, a spiral speed at the uniform velocity a section and a spiral speed descending branch successively; Said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch are the symmetrical structure along the optical fiber direction, and the two equal in length and spiral speed symmetry are identical; The starting point of the starting point of said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring; Two starting points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap; The terminal point of said spiral speed ascent stage is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring with the terminal point of speed of rotation descending branch, and two terminal points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap.
The sensor fibre of the utility model; Spiral speed identical (being that pitch is identical) because of its any symmetric position in whole sensor fibre; Thereby the German number in Fil also is identical; Spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch overlap on the diametrical position of space fully in its sensor fibre ring of processing; The German number in total Fil that make to overlap optional position in the zone is the same, that is overlaps the light field amount of deflection that total light field amount of deflection of being produced in the unit length inner fiber of regional optional position and spiral speed at the uniform velocity produced in section unit length inner fiber and equate fully.At this moment, the Fibre Optical Sensor ring is equal to a closed-loop path fully, has guaranteed the accuracy and the stability of anti-interference and tested electric current.
The sensor fibre ring of the utility model is used for through-type all-fiber current sensor, at first is the catoptron that no longer needs in the aforementioned patent, not only can improve the reliability of sensor fibre ring, and can improve the efficient of system ring.Secondly; Also no longer need the polarization branch/combiner in the reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor; So also improved the reliability of optical signal processing system, reduced, thereby reduced the light path light signal loss that brings because of weld and the decline of light polarization quality because of device inserts the weld increased.Once more, utilize the screw type sensor fibre of similar performance, the temperature characterisitic of through-type all-fiber current sensor structure has only the half the of reflection-type all-fiber current sensor structure, can reduce requirement and precision to the temperature compensation of sensing ring greatly.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is done further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the sensor fibre of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is in the utility model, and the spiral rate variation rule synoptic diagram of sensor fibre wherein is example with the linear change;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the sensor fibre ring of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the through-type all-fiber current sensor of the utility model.
Wherein description of reference numerals is following:
1 is the spiral speed ascent stage; 2 is at the uniform velocity section of spiral speed; 3 is spiral speed descending branch.
Embodiment
The sensor fibre of the utility model is the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre that a velamen moves back linear polarization.The characteristics of this root sensor fibre are to comprise at the uniform velocity section 2 and one spiral speed descending branch 3 of spiral speed ascent stage 1, a spiral speed successively; As shown in Figure 1; Wherein spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch are symmetrical structure, and the two equal in length and spiral speed symmetry are identical.It is zero beginning that whole sensor fibre specifically can be described as from spiral speed; Gradual rising reaches predetermined the highest spiral speed (this section is the spiral speed ascent stage) after length L 1; Then keep predetermined the highest spiral speed (this section is at the uniform velocity section of spiral speed), its length is L2, and then through after the length of L3; Make the gradual decline of spiral speed drop to zero (this section is spiral speed descending branch) from the highest predetermined spiral speed, Fig. 2 is example with the linear change rate.
In said structure, the length L 1 of spiral speed ascent stage 1 is equal, perhaps equal as far as possible with the length L of spiral speed descending branch 33, and the spiral speed ascent stage 1 is identical with the spiral rate variation rate absolute value of symmetrical position in the spiral speed descending branch 3.Spiral speed ascent stage 1 starting point is identical with the pitch of spiral speed descending branch 3 terminal points, and spiral speed ascent stage 1 terminal point is identical with the pitch of spiral speed descending branch 3 starting points.Therefore, in whole sensor fibre, the spiral speed identical (being that pitch is identical) of any symmetric position, thereby the German number in Fil also is identical.In addition, the minimum of said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch rotation pitch or spiral the speed at the uniform velocity minimum pitch of section are not less than long 0.5 times of the bat of said linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre before the spiral not, otherwise will cause optical transmission loss sharply to increase.The length of spiral speed ascent stage or spiral speed descending branch should not be shorter than 50 times of preceding this linear birefringence beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber of said not spiral.
In the sensor fibre ring that forms by above-mentioned sensor fibre coiling; The starting point of the starting point of spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring; Two starting points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap; The terminal point of said spiral speed ascent stage is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring with the terminal point of speed of rotation descending branch, and two terminal points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap, and are as shown in Figure 3.
Specifically describe as follows theoretically, suppose German number in Fil and normalization spiral speed (R (λ)) proportional (R (λ) can be the function that changes spiral speed arbitrarily slowly) here, the German number in Fil of spiral speed ascent stage any place can be expressed as V so
Up(λ)=V
Max* R (λ), wherein V
MaxThe German number in Fil when being scheduled to spiral speed for maximum.The German number in spiral speed descending branch any place Fil can be expressed as V like this
Down(λ)=V
Max(1-R (λ)).
Because spiral speed ascent stage 1 and spiral speed descending branch 3 are fully overlapping by top being described on the diametrical position of space in the sensor fibre ring, therefore overlap the total light field that is produced in zone in this position and are deflected to:
Its with spiral speed at the uniform velocity the light field amount of deflection that in equal length, produced of section 2 optical fiber equate that fully the sensor fibre ring of making like this is equal to a closed-loop path fully, can this point be vital for processing anti-interference ring.
Above-mentioned sensor fibre ring is applied to through-type all-fiber current sensor, and (utility model patent number is ZL200810043138.4; Name is called " polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, its preparation method and all-fiber current sensor ") in; Said through-type all-fiber current sensor comprises light source, 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers, linear polarizer, linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre and sensor fibre ring; As shown in Figure 4, no longer need quarter-wave plate here.The linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre that connected one section no spiral before the spiral speed ascent stage 1 of sensor fibre ring; The same linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre that connects one section no spiral after the spiral speed descending branch 3; As shown in Figure 4, so as sensor fibre directly with through-type all-fiber current sensor in linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre be connected (welding).
Said light source is connected to the polarization maintaining optical fibre input end of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers; Two polarization maintaining optical fibre output terminals of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers are connected with two linear polarizers respectively, and the other end of said two linear polarizers is connected to the two ends of sensor fibre ring respectively through the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre; The single-mode fiber output terminal of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers is vacant or connect detector, remains two single-mode fiber input ends and is connected with signal processor through two photo-detectors respectively.
In the sensor fibre ring of processing by the sensor fibre of the utility model; The space diametrical position that must guarantee spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch overlaps each other; The German number in total Fil to guarantee overlapping back any place is a constant, and at the uniform velocity the German number in Fil of section optical fiber is the same with spiral speed.Only in this way, just can guarantee the accuracy and the stability of anti-interference and tested electric current.
Need to prove, put in order the effective sensor fibre of circle for only having drawn two for simplicity among Fig. 3.In actual types of applications, spiral speed at the uniform velocity section 2 length L 2 greater than or much larger than the length L 1 (or length L 3 of spiral speed descending branch) of spiral speed ascent stage 1, thereby the optical fiber in the sensor fibre ring possibly enclose tens circles from one and not wait.
This sensor fibre ring is used for through-type all-fiber current sensor, except having above-mentioned said significant advantage, other plurality of advantages is arranged also.At first; No longer needing application number is 200910262107.2; Name is called the catoptron in the patent of " sensor fibre that is used for reflecting type full-optical fiber current sensor "; Not only can improve the reliability of Fibre Optical Sensor ring, can improve the efficient of system ring simultaneously, because temperature characterisitic and long-time stability that the quality of plated film (metal film or deielectric-coating) and performance are directly connected to the sensing ring.Secondly; No longer needing application number is 200810043138.4; Name is called reflective required polarization branch/combiner in " polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, its preparation method and all-fiber current sensor " patent; So also improved the reliability of optical signal processing system, reduced, thereby also reduced the light path light signal loss that brings because of welding and the decline of light polarization quality because of device inserts the weld increased.Once more, utilize the screw type optical fiber of similar performance, the temperature characterisitic of through-type structure has only the half the of reflection type structure, then can significantly reduce requirement and precision to the temperature compensation of sensing ring.
More than through specific embodiment the content of the utility model has been carried out detailed explanation, but these are not the restriction of formation to the utility model.To one skilled in the art, the protection domain of the utility model also comprises various distortion and the improvement that those have been done under the situation that does not break away from the utility model principle.
Claims (6)
1. sensor fibre; Said sensor fibre is for being moved back the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre of linear polarization; It is characterized in that: said sensor fibre comprises a spiral speed ascent stage, a spiral speed at the uniform velocity a section and a spiral speed descending branch successively; Said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch are symmetrical structure, and the two equal in length and spiral speed symmetry are identical.
2. sensor fibre according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said spiral speed at the uniform velocity the minimum pitch of section more than or equal to 0.5 times of said linear birefringence beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber before the spiral not; The length of said spiral speed ascent stage or spiral speed descending branch more than or equal to said not spiral before 50 times of linear birefringence beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber.
3. sensor fibre according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the spiral speed of said spiral speed ascent stage increases to the highest predetermined spiral speed from zero; The said spiral speed at the uniform velocity spiral speed of section keeps the highest predetermined spiral speed; The spiral speed of said spiral speed descending branch reduces to zero from the highest predetermined spiral speed; Wherein, spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed at the uniform velocity the section between, spiral speed at the uniform velocity the section and spiral speed descending branch between the equal smooth transition of spiral speed.
4. sensor fibre according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the spiral speed of said spiral speed ascent stage is gradual rising; The spiral speed of spiral speed descending branch is gradual decline, and the length of spiral speed ascent stage or spiral speed descending branch should be more than or equal to 50 times of this linear birefringence beat length of polarization maintaining optical fiber before the said not spiral.
5. sensor fibre ring is characterized in that:
Said sensor fibre ring is formed by a sensor fibre coiling; Said sensor fibre is for being moved back the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre of linear polarization; This sensor fibre comprises a spiral speed ascent stage, a spiral speed at the uniform velocity a section and a spiral speed descending branch successively; Said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch are the symmetrical structure along the optical fiber direction, and the two equal in length and spiral speed symmetry are identical;
The starting point of the starting point of said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring; Two starting points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap; The terminal point of said spiral speed ascent stage is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring with the terminal point of speed of rotation descending branch, and two terminal points are positioned at the diametrical position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap.
6. a through-type all-fiber current sensor is characterized in that: comprise light source, 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers, linear polarizer, linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre and sensor fibre ring;
Said light source is connected to the polarization maintaining optical fibre input end of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers; Two polarization maintaining optical fibre output terminals of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers are connected with two linear polarizers respectively, and the other end of said two linear polarizers is connected to the two ends of sensor fibre ring respectively through the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre; The single-mode fiber output terminal of said 3 * 3 linear birefringence polarization-maintaining fiber couplers is vacant or connect detector, remains two single-mode fiber input ends and is connected with signal processor through two detectors respectively;
Said sensor fibre ring is formed by a sensor fibre coiling; Said sensor fibre is for being moved back the linear birefringence optical fiber of linear polarization; This sensor fibre comprises a spiral speed ascent stage, a spiral speed at the uniform velocity a section and a spiral speed descending branch successively; Said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch are the symmetrical structure along the optical fiber direction, and the two equal in length and spiral speed symmetry are identical; The starting point of the starting point of said spiral speed ascent stage and spiral speed descending branch is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring; Two starting points are positioned at the position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap; The terminal point of said spiral speed ascent stage is positioned on the different circles of sensor fibre ring with the terminal point of speed of rotation descending branch, and two terminal points are positioned at the position of encircling at the place and spatially overlap.
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| CN2011204172367U CN202362488U (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2011-10-27 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and straight-through type all-fiber current sensor |
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| CN2011204172367U CN202362488U (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2011-10-27 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and straight-through type all-fiber current sensor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102393546A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 黄勇 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and through-type all-fiber current sensor |
| CN103063896A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and anti-vibration Sagnac type all-fiber current transformer |
| CN103063899A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer |
-
2011
- 2011-10-27 CN CN2011204172367U patent/CN202362488U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102393546A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 黄勇 | Sensing fiber, sensing fiber ring and through-type all-fiber current sensor |
| CN103063896A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and anti-vibration Sagnac type all-fiber current transformer |
| CN103063899A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer |
| CN103063899B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-09-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer |
| CN103063896B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-10-21 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and anti-vibration Sagnac type all-fiber current transformer |
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