CN203084049U - Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer - Google Patents
Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN203084049U CN203084049U CN 201220711771 CN201220711771U CN203084049U CN 203084049 U CN203084049 U CN 203084049U CN 201220711771 CN201220711771 CN 201220711771 CN 201220711771 U CN201220711771 U CN 201220711771U CN 203084049 U CN203084049 U CN 203084049U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a sensing optical fiber ring and coiling method and because this sensing optical fiber ring's a full fiber current transformer. The sensing optical fiber ring improves the integration level of an all-fiber current transformer system, and avoids the influence of the performance of a lambda/4 wave plate on the measurement of the all-fiber current transformer; meanwhile, the measurement error of the all-fiber current transformer caused by different Verdet coefficients of all twisted fibers is eliminated, and the universal technical problem of the all-fiber current transformer is solved. The utility model comprises a torsion optical fiber and a coil framework, wherein the torsion optical fiber is divided into a rotation section and a high-speed uniform rotation section according to the torsion rate, and a reflecting film is plated at the tail end of the uniform rotation section; and the tail end of the high-speed uniform-speed rotating section plated with the reflecting film and the middle point of the starting rotating section are positioned on the same axial line of the coil framework, and the starting point and the ending point of the starting rotating section are positioned on the same axial line of the coil framework.
Description
Technical field
The utility model also relates to a kind of by this sensor fibre ring, and a kind of reflecting type full-optical fiber current mutual inductor of using this sensor fibre ring.
Background technology
Along with the improving constantly of line voltage grade in the electric system, capacity constantly increases and the informationization of intelligent grid, digitizing, robotization, interactive requirement, the conventional current mutual inductor has exposed major defect gradually, and more and more can not satisfy the power system development requirement, so the research of optical current mutual inductor is extremely urgent.The novel all-fiber current transformator of magneto-optic glass optical fiber fabrication that utilizes magneto-optic glass to be drawn into, be based on faraday (Frarday) effect, can overcome the shortcoming of conventional current mutual inductor to a certain extent, will progressively replace traditional current transformer and become one of main means of power network monitoring.The principle of all-fiber current transformator is based on the Faraday effect (Faraday Effect) of light, promptly at the optical fiber of the suitable number of turns of outer most surrounding of tested Ampereconductors, when electric current flows through conductor, the magnetic field that produces around it will make the polarization direction of the interior transmission of optical fiber light wave change.Can be expressed as
Wherein, H is by the magnetic field of sensing, and L is the length of sensor fibre in the magnetic field, and V is Fil moral (Verdet) coefficient of sensor fibre, and θ is the angle of light wave electric deflection in the optical fiber.
The domestic research that has how tame unit to be engaged in optical fiber current mutual inductor at present, although the optical fiber current mutual inductor of indivedual enterprises has entered production and hanging net operation stage, the repeatability of properties of product and long-time stability also are faced with acid test.Ultralow refraction optical fiber be bent make the sensor fibre ring after, produced extra linear birefringence, and this linear birefringence depends on environmental factors such as temperature strongly, add that optical fiber itself is subject to the influence of factors such as vibrating, the light polarization of being transmitted is extremely unstable, and therefore being suitable for the sensor fibre that all-fiber current transformator uses is the key of the research of optical fiber current mutual inductor.
Sensor fibre in the existing reflecting type full-optical fiber current mutual inductor, be to mention in 200910262107.2 the Chinese utility model patent as application number, material is the linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, has one section or not of rotation, one section transferred section (spiral speed ascent stage) and one section at the uniform velocity rotation section and catoptron successively.But the swing difference of optical fiber each several part, Fil moral (Verdet) coefficient of diverse location is not quite similar.In length was the transferred section of L, the German number average in the Fil on each location point was inequality, slowly increased but increase direction along fiber spiral, so formula just becomes
Wherein H is by the magnetic field of sensing, and L is the length of sensor fibre in the magnetic field, and V is the German number in the Fil of sensor fibre, and θ is the angle of light wave electric deflection in the optical fiber.Because the German number in Fil depends on the position in the sensor fibre, when conductor wire was in diverse location around the sensor fibre, the phase change that obtains thus will be different.This just makes this sensor fibre be subjected to the position influence of current lead, thereby does not possess good antijamming capability, is not suitable for practical application.Application number is that 201120417236.7 Chinese utility model patent has designed a kind of sensor fibre ring, and the sensor fibre that has solved aforementioned patent (application number is 200910262107.2) is to the locus sensitive issue, but this patent is brought new problem again.This optical fiber current mutual inductor is a kind of Sagnac formula optical fiber current mutual inductor.Sagnac formula fibre optic current sensor not only has the characteristics of current sensor but also has the characteristics of Sagnac formula sensor, that is to say, this sensor can responsive electric current again can responsive Sagnac effect.Because this defective, the output of Sagnac formula sensor changes the variation that can't distinguish electric current itself in external environment influence or the high-voltage conducting wires, has had a strong impact on the measurement accuracy of current transformer, can't be practical.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of sensor fibre ring and winding method thereof and based on a kind of all-fiber current transformator of this sensor fibre ring.This sensor fibre ring is by the integrated level that special sensor fibre of the utility model and winding structure thereof have improved the all-fiber current transformator system, the influence of having avoided λ/4 wave plate performance that all-fiber current transformator is measured; Eliminate simultaneously and turn round the measuring error that the German several differences in optical fiber Fil everywhere cause all-fiber current transformator, solved the ubiquitous technical barrier of all-fiber current transformator.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides following technical scheme.
A kind of sensor fibre ring comprises and turns round optical fiber and coil rack, and the described optical fiber of turning round is to be reversed by the line polarization maintaining optical fibre to form; Be divided into the rotation section and at the uniform velocity rotated section at a high speed according to reversing the described optical fiber of turning round of speed, the length of at the uniform velocity rotation section accounts for 70% to 90% of total length at a high speed, is coated with reflectance coating at the end that at the uniform velocity rotates section; The described optical fiber of turning round is that starting point is wound on the coil rack to play rotation section mid point, and make be coated with reflectance coating high speed at the uniform velocity the section of rotation terminal with play a rotation section mid point and be positioned on the same axial line of coil rack, rise on the starting point of rotation section and the same axial line that terminating point is positioned at coil rack.
The method for making of above-mentioned sensor fibre ring may further comprise the steps:
1) employing line polarization maintaining optical fibre reverses the optical fiber of making described in claim 1 of turning round, and plates reflectance coating at the end that at the uniform velocity rotates section at a high speed; And make marks at the starting point and the terminating point that play the rotation section, the speed of reversing that plays the mid point of rotation section is half of speed of rotation at the uniform velocity at a high speed;
2) will turn round optical fiber is that starting point is wound on the coil rack to play a rotation section mid point, and make be coated with reflectance coating high speed at the uniform velocity the section of rotation terminal with play a rotation section mid point and be positioned on the same axial line of coil rack.
A kind of optical fiber current mutual inductor comprises LASER Light Source, photodetector, fiber coupler, has had partially, the beam split of beam split and phase modulation (PM) function plays offset system device, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, line are protected off-delay optical cable and above-mentioned sensor fibre ring; The tail optical fiber of LASER Light Source and photodetector respectively with two input optical fibre weldings of fiber coupler, tail optical fiber of fiber coupler and beam split play the input optical fibre welding of offset system device, two tail optical fibers that beam split plays offset system device are respectively with 0 ° and 90 ° two input optical fibre weldings with polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, a tail optical fiber of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is protected the off-delay optical cable by line and is connected with the section of revolving that rises of sensor fibre ring, and the end of sensor fibre (at the uniform velocity rotation section at a high speed) is coated with reflectance coating.
Beam split plays offset system device can adopt known multi-functional integrated device, also can adopt a plurality of discrete devices, has had successively partially, the function of beam split and phase modulation (PM).
A kind of optical fiber current mutual inductor comprises LASER Light Source, photodetector, fiber coupler, the polarizer, phasing device, line guarantor's off-delay optical cable and above-mentioned sensor fibre ring; The tail optical fiber of LASER Light Source and photodetector respectively with two input optical fibre weldings of fiber coupler, a tail optical fiber of fiber coupler is connected with the polarizer, the tail optical fiber of the polarizer is with 45 ° of input optical fibre weldings with phasing device, the tail optical fiber of phasing device is protected the off-delay optical cable by line and is connected with the section of revolving that rises of sensor fibre ring, and the end of sensor fibre (at the uniform velocity rotation section at a high speed) is coated with reflectance coating.
Advantage of the present utility model:
1. in all-fiber current transformator, utilize magnetic field that electric current produces to realize the detection of strength of current for the change of the velocity of propagation of the circularly polarized light of propagating in the optical fiber that is wound on around it, therefore any precision property that influences the factors influence mutual inductor of optical polarization, wherein the incompleteness of λ/4 wave plates, temperature sensitivity and with optical fiber be main influence factor to axis error.Sensor fibre in the utility model has been realized the function of λ/4 wave plates, ellipse/circle polarization maintaining optical fibre, has simplified light path, makes the integrated degree of system higher.The light path light signal loss that the welding point that having reduced is increased because of the device access brings and the decline of light polarization quality have solved the ubiquitous technical barrier of all-fiber current transformator.
2. the utility model has adopted special winding method: make be coated with reflectance coating high speed at the uniform velocity the section of rotation terminal with play a rotation section mid point and be positioned on the same axial line of coil rack; Rise on the starting point of rotation section and the same axial line that terminating point is positioned at coil rack.Make the German number in sensor fibre ring Fil everywhere identical like this.Thereby the German several differences in the Fil of having eliminated the twisted fiber various piece cause the tender subject of sensing ring for the bus current position.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 constitutes the structure of turning round optical fiber of sensor fibre and light wave to change synoptic diagram through thereafter polarization state.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of the utility model sensor fibre around the system mode.
Fig. 3 is a kind of most preferred embodiment with the all-fiber current transformator that uses this sensor fibre to make.
Fig. 4 is the another kind of most preferred embodiment with the all-fiber current transformator that uses this sensor fibre to make.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
The 1-light source; The 2-fiber coupler; 3-Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device; The 4-polarization-maintaining fiber coupler; The 5-line is protected the off-delay optical cable; The 6-sensor fibre; The 7-current lead; The 8-catoptron; The 9-photodetector; 10-90 ° of welding point; 12-45 ° of welding point of the 11-polarizer; 13-straight wave guide multi-functional integrated optical device.
Embodiment
The Faraday effect of sensor fibre of utilizing all-fiber current transformator realizes measurement, be that tested lead magnetic field on every side causes that thereby the circularly polarized lights of the different rotation directions of two bundles in the sensor fibre produce phase differential with the friction speed transmission, can measure the size of electric current in the lead indirectly by the signal amplitude after the measurement interference.When two restrainted the opposite circularly polarized light of rotation directions through magneto-optic optical fiber, because Faraday effect, the velocity of propagation of two bundle circularly polarized lights changed, and cause that phase differential changes between the two-beam.Just can measure the size of current in wire indirectly by the variation of measuring the interference light intensity between the relevant two-beam.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model sensor fibre ring adopts turns round optical fiber structure and light wave and changes through thereafter polarization state.Turn round optical fiber structure and comprise following components: play rotation section 61 and at the uniform velocity rotation section of high speed 62.Wherein play the rotation section and slowly change to high speed rotating speed from zero for reversing speed.The length of at the uniform velocity rotation section 62 is total length 70%-90% at a high speed.The vertical curve polarized lightwave is from 61 incidents of rotation section, obtain ellipse/circularly polarized light at the uniform velocity rotation section of high speed 62, after at the uniform velocity rotating the terminal catoptron 8 of section at a high speed, the π phase shift takes place in the polarization direction of light wave, and promptly left-handed ellipse/circularly polarized light becomes dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light.After dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light passed through this sensor fibre once more, the polarization direction of light wave became horizontal polarization light.
Fig. 2 is the coiling mode synoptic diagram on coil rack of the sensor fibre shown in Fig. 1.When making sensor fibre, make marks at the starting point and the terminating point that play rotation section 61.When coiling sensor fibre ring, begin winding optical fiber ring with rotation section 61 mid points that rise of turning round optical fiber, and make the high speed that is coated with reflectance coating at the uniform velocity the section of rotation is terminal and rotate a section mid point and on sensor fibre coil rack axial location, overlap with rising.The sensing ring that adopts such winding method to make has the insensitive characteristic of conductor position.
To those skilled in the art, turn round optical fiber as the sensor fibre of optical fiber current mutual inductor bring one comparatively the problem of trouble be: because the speed difference of reversing of sensor fibre each several part causes the German number in Fil of each several part different.Therefore, the German number in Ampereconductors total Fil of sensor fibre when diverse location is different, and measurement result is subjected to the influence of conductor position.This almost is fatal for optical fiber current mutual inductor, because the German number in Fil can influence measurement result at double.
Sensor fibre ring of the present utility model, design are positioned on the same axial line of coil rack starting point, the terminal point of rotation section, and the high speed rotating section end that sensor fibre works the section of revolving mid point and is coated with catoptron is positioned on the same axial line of coil rack.Thereby guarantee that the total German number in Fil of overlapping back any place is a constant, and with at the uniform velocity the German number in Fil of rotation section optical fiber is the same at a high speed.Turn round the German number in Fil and the speed of rotation ξ relation in direct ratio of optical fiber.The German number in Fil of at the uniform velocity rotation section optical fiber is K ξ at a high speed.Turning round the German number in Fil that optical fiber plays rotation section l place sensor fibre is:
Wherein L works the section of revolving total length, and l is this point and the distance that plays the rotation section.
Correspondingly, this some place another section fiber distance plays rotation section L-l place, and the German number in its Fil is:
Therefore, a section of revolving of sensor fibre is K ξ at the German number in total Fil at this place.
Promptly as shown in Figure 2, on sensor fibre ring diameter direction, the German number in sensor fibre ring Fil everywhere is identical, is 3K ξ.Guarantee the location independent of measurement result and Ampereconductors like this, realized the accuracy and the stability of tested electric current.
Fig. 3 is a most preferred embodiment with the all-fiber current transformator that uses this sensor fibre to make.In this scheme, with Y waveguide multifunctional optical integrated device 3 realized partially, the function of beam split and phase modulation (PM).The light that LASER Light Source 1 is sent is an end and 3 couplings of Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device behind fiber coupler 2.Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device 3 has been realized partially, the function of beam split and phase modulation (PM).Behind Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device 3, form the same linearly polarized light of two bundles, be coupled into polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 4 with 0 ° and 90 ° respectively, obtain two bundle orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light.This two bundles orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light inlet wire that is coupled is respectively protected two kinds of polarization modes of off-delay optical cable 5, thereby is coupled into sensor fibre 6.Because the special construction of this sensor fibre can realize that the polarization state of light wave directly changes ellipse/circularly polarized light into by linearly polarized light, thereby make the two bundle orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light that enter sensor fibre 6 be converted to left-handed ellipse/circularly polarized light and dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light respectively.Because the magnetic field around the tested current lead 7 causes Faraday effect, this two bundles ellipse/circularly polarized light transmits with friction speed.Behind the catoptron 8 through the sensor fibre tail end, exchange has taken place the polarization mode of two bundle ellipse/circularly polarized lights (is that left-handed ellipse/circularly polarized light becomes dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light, dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light becomes left-handed ellipse/circularly polarized light), once more by sensor fibre 6, and the magnetic field interaction that produces with current lead 7 once more, faraday's phase place of generation is doubled.The rotation section that rises at sensor fibre 6 realizes that ellipse/circularly polarized light changes linearly polarized light into then.Then two its a branch of light of bundle orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light are put 10 rear polarizer directions through 90 ° of weldings and are become the linearly polarized light identical with another Shu Guangbo.Meeting when transmission cable two-beam ripple is got back to Y waveguide multi-functional integrated optical device 3 places interferes, and interference signal turns back in the photodetector 9 through fiber coupler 2.Because the two-beam that interferes, in the transmission course of light path, all pass through line respectively and protected the X-axis of off-delay optical cable and the left-handed and dextrorotation pattern of Y-axis and sensor fibre, difference slightly in time only, therefore it is poor that the light of return detector has only carried the non-reciprocal phase that is produced by Faraday effect, by the phase differential Φ of Faraday effect generation
F=4VHl=VlI/ π r.So, measure phase differential between this two-beam ripple and just can accurately measure size of current by tested current lead.
Fig. 4 is another most preferred embodiment with the all-fiber current transformator that uses this sensor fibre to make.The polarizer 11 backs one end of the light that LASER Light Source 1 is sent behind fiber coupler 2 is coupled into straight wave guide multi-functional integrated optical device 13 with 45 ° of welding points 12.The inlet wire that is coupled respectively of two bundle orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light behind straight wave guide multi-functional integrated optical device 13 is protected two kinds of polarization modes of off-delay optical cable 5, thereby is coupled into sensor fibre 6.Because the special construction of this sensor fibre can realize that the polarization state of light wave directly changes ellipse/circularly polarized light into by linearly polarized light, thereby make the two bundle orhtogonal linear polarizaiton light that enter sensor fibre 6 be converted to left-handed ellipse/circularly polarized light and dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light respectively.Because the magnetic field around the tested current lead causes Faraday effect, this two bundles ellipse/circularly polarized light transmits with friction speed.Behind the catoptron 8 through the sensor fibre tail end, exchange has taken place the polarization mode of two bundle ellipse/circularly polarized lights (is that left-handed ellipse/circularly polarized light becomes dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light, dextrorotation ellipse/circularly polarized light becomes left-handed ellipse/circularly polarized light), once more by sensor fibre 6, and the magnetic field interaction that produces with current lead 7 once more, faraday's phase place of generation is doubled.The rotation section that rises at sensor fibre 6 realizes that an ellipse/circularly polarized light changes two bunch polarized lights into then, and meets at straight wave guide multi-functional integrated optical device 13 places and to interfere, and interference signal turns back in the photodetector 9 through fiber coupler 2.Because the two-beam that interferes, in the transmission course of light path, all pass through line respectively and protected the X-axis of off-delay optical cable and the left-handed and dextrorotation pattern of Y-axis and sensor fibre, difference slightly in time only, therefore it is poor that the light of return detector has only carried the non-reciprocal phase that is produced by Faraday effect, by the phase differential Φ of Faraday effect generation
F=4VHl=VlI/ π r.So, measure phase differential between this two-beam ripple and just can accurately measure size of current by tested current lead.
Turning round optical fiber is characterised in that: the length of turning round optical fiber is generally 2-3 rice, and length is 4-5 rice when measuring little electric current, and the minimum pitch of turning round optic fibre turning is 1-10mm.
Adopt the sensor fibre of this special construction, in all-fiber current transformator, no longer need quarter-wave plate.The section of revolving that rises of turning round optical fiber directly links to each other with line guarantor polarisation cable, can realize that linearly polarized light changes ellipse/circularly polarized light into.
Claims (3)
1. a sensor fibre ring comprises and turns round optical fiber and coil rack, and the described optical fiber of turning round is to be reversed by the line polarization maintaining optical fibre to form; It is characterized in that: be divided into the rotation section and at the uniform velocity rotated section at a high speed according to reversing the described optical fiber of turning round of speed, the length of at the uniform velocity rotation section accounts for 70% to 90% of total length at a high speed, is coated with reflectance coating at the end that at the uniform velocity rotates section; The described optical fiber of turning round is that starting point is wound on the coil rack to play rotation section mid point, and make be coated with reflectance coating high speed at the uniform velocity the section of rotation terminal with play a rotation section mid point and be positioned on the same axial line of coil rack, rise on the starting point of rotation section and the same axial line that terminating point is positioned at coil rack.
2. optical fiber current mutual inductor is characterized in that: comprise LASER Light Source, photodetector, fiber coupler, had partially, the beam split of beam split and phase modulation (PM) function plays offset system device, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, line are protected off-delay optical cable and the described sensor fibre ring of claim 1; The tail optical fiber of LASER Light Source and photodetector respectively with two input optical fibre weldings of fiber coupler, tail optical fiber of fiber coupler and beam split play the input optical fibre welding of offset system device, two tail optical fibers that beam split plays offset system device are respectively with 0 ° and 90 ° two input optical fibre weldings with polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, a tail optical fiber of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is protected the off-delay optical cable by line and is connected with the section of revolving that rises of sensor fibre ring, and the end of sensor fibre is coated with reflectance coating.
3. an optical fiber current mutual inductor is characterized in that: comprise LASER Light Source, photodetector, fiber coupler, the polarizer, phasing device, line guarantor's off-delay optical cable and the described sensor fibre ring of claim 1; The tail optical fiber of LASER Light Source and photodetector respectively with two input optical fibre weldings of fiber coupler, a tail optical fiber of fiber coupler is connected with the polarizer, the tail optical fiber of the polarizer is with 45 ° of input optical fibre weldings with phasing device, the tail optical fiber of phasing device is protected the off-delay optical cable by line and is connected with the section of revolving that rises of sensor fibre ring, and the end of sensor fibre is coated with reflectance coating.
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| CN 201220711771 CN203084049U (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2012-12-20 | Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103063899A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer |
| CN108267631A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 湾世伟 | A kind of electronic type all-fiber current transformator using high magneto-optic coefficient sensor fibre |
| CN111913024A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-10 | 湾晓文 | High magneto-optical coefficient optical fiber capable of improving performance of all-fiber current transformer |
| CN114002473A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Temperature strain compensation type optical fiber current sensor |
-
2012
- 2012-12-20 CN CN 201220711771 patent/CN203084049U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103063899A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer |
| CN103063899B (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-09-02 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Sensing optical fiber ring and reflective all-fiber current transformer |
| CN108267631A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 湾世伟 | A kind of electronic type all-fiber current transformator using high magneto-optic coefficient sensor fibre |
| CN111913024A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-10 | 湾晓文 | High magneto-optical coefficient optical fiber capable of improving performance of all-fiber current transformer |
| CN114002473A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-02-01 | 华中科技大学 | Temperature strain compensation type optical fiber current sensor |
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