CN108267631A - A kind of electronic type all-fiber current transformator using high magneto-optic coefficient sensor fibre - Google Patents
A kind of electronic type all-fiber current transformator using high magneto-optic coefficient sensor fibre Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267631A CN108267631A CN201611271567.8A CN201611271567A CN108267631A CN 108267631 A CN108267631 A CN 108267631A CN 201611271567 A CN201611271567 A CN 201611271567A CN 108267631 A CN108267631 A CN 108267631A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic type all-fiber current transformators using high magneto-optic coefficient, that is, high Verdet constant sensor fibre for technical field, can be used for measuring the electric current of grid.The sensor fibre circle of high Field constant optical fiber fabrication that inverse magnetic or the paramagnetic material doping of appropriate doping concentration obtain is used for electronic type all-fiber current transformator (FCT) by the present invention, enough signal strengths can then be provided to ensure FCT accuracies of measurement and reduce the number of turn of sensor fibre circle to ensure the indexs such as FCT temperature stabilities；But also the complexity of sensor fibre circle can be substantially reduced, and the characteristics such as reliability and consistency for optimizing sensor fibre circle and FCT complete machines.The sensor fibre circle that this high Verdet constant optical fiber is formed is employed, electronic type all-fiber current transformator can meet industrial practical application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electronic type using high magneto-optic coefficient sensor fibre-i.e. high Verdet constant sensor fibre is complete
Optical fiber current mutual inductor can measure electric current with optical method, particularly be used to measure the electric current of grid；It can also
For with the other physical quantitys of optical method for measuring, such as magnetic field.
Belong to electric power energy and optoelectronic areas.
Background technology
Electronic type all-fiber current transformator (brief note based on Faraday- magneto-optic effects：Optical fiber current mutual inductor；Or contracting
It writes：FCT) belong to the electronic type optical current mutual inductor of passive, there is incomparable excellent of conventional electromagnetic current transformer
Gesture.Electronic type all-fiber current transformator fills the excellent specific property that modern photoelectricity and optical fiber sensing technology is utilized in part, safety, can
It leans on, theoretical perfect, superior performance, the advantage for having other various technical solutions incomparable, is optics Current Mutual Inductance of new generation
One of key equipment necessary to the developing direction of device is intelligent grid.
Using Faraday- magneto-optic effects, institute's transmitting beam in the silica fibre on alternating magnetic field active constituent direction
Plane of polarization rotational angle it is proportional to magnetic field intensity at this.So-called high magneto-optic coefficient sensor fibre-i.e. high Verdet constant light
It is fine then with the high proportionality coefficient of more current conventional quartz optical fiber, that is, have high Field constant-Verdet constants.
The advantages of electronic type all-fiber current transformator
Electronic type all-fiber current transformator based on magneto-optic effect manufacture fills part and modern photoelectricity and Fibre Optical Sensor is utilized
The excellent specific property of technology has following important advantage：
Excellent electrical insulation properties：Height voltage electrical is completely isolated；
Anti- stray EM field interference；
Iron-free magnetic saturation；
Frequency domain width is big；
Fast response time；
High-precision in the range of Larger Dynamic；
High harmonic wave accuracy；
Light weight；
Much smaller volume；
Without the insulating materials such as oil, paper, plastics, special gas, environmental protection；
Optical fiber output digital signal；
Without burning, explosion danger, there is high safety characteristic；
It is dangerous there is no second open circuit；
Operation and maintenance cost are low；
Resistance to rapid transient overvoltage (VFTO) interferes；
Transient characterisitics are good；
It is highly reliable；
Integrated, intelligentized advantage；
Above-mentioned important advantage is largely to rely on its specific optical texture：Sensor fibre and rest part
Optical fiber by welding, combined with the optical fibre device of seldom several on-line operations and through full light path, a piece complete light of composition
It is fine.Wherein crucial part is the sensor fibre circle being closed around current-carrying conductor, it is coiled into several by sensor fibre bending
It is closed and forms after circle, determine the intensity of the corresponding optical signal of electric current acquired in optical fiber current mutual inductor (generating magnetic field).
Only signal strength is enough, can just ensure the accuracy measured.
The technology barrier not yet gone beyond
The performance of the FCT developed at present is already close to the level of practical application.However also not yet go beyond there are some
Technology barrier：Here it is the complicated of sensor fibre circle, make difficult, material fragility, and temperature characterisitic is not sufficiently stable；
And it is difficult to reach enough consistency.So that the overall accuracy of electronic type all-fiber current transformator, reliability are stablized
Property, consistency is all adversely affected.It is specific as follows：
The temperature characterisitic of sensor fibre circle is not sufficiently stable, i.e., mainly due to the output signal of sensor fibre circle with environment temperature
The variation of degree and change, the global error of FCT is difficult to be reduced to national standard permission caused by the error that temperature change is formed
Within degree；
The sensor fibre circle consistency made is poor, and is difficult to improve；
Manufacturing process is quite numerous and diverse, difficult, and yield rate is very low；
The sensor fibre coil structures made are complicated, and material is fragile, and fastness is poor；
In FCT, Ampere's law is obeyed in the sensor fibre circle being closed around current－carrying conductor：
θ：Phase difference in sensor fibre between two beam polarised lights
(optical signal for corresponding to electric current to be measured)；
I：Flow through the electric current (tested electric current) of current－carrying conductor；
H：Flow through the magnetic field intensity that the electric current of current－carrying conductor generates；
N：It is closed the number of turn of sensor fibre circle
V：Field constant
Crucial sensor fibre commonly used at present, ingredient are all based on the conventional quartz optical fiber applied in communication
Fused silica material be made, corresponding Field constant is in the numerical value of about 1 microradian/1 ampere circle (1 μ rad/A.1)
On, corresponding wavelength is：1310nm.In exclusively for the sensor fibre made by magnetic field sensing, although manufacture craft and light
Fibre construction is varied, but since material therefor is identical, the Field constant of magnetic field sensing optical fiber is also about 1 μ rad/A.
But the signal strength obtained in this level is significantly not sufficient to ensure that and all measures in current range required by national standard
Accuracy.In order to meet the corresponding signal strength of this required precision, must be adopted using existing fused silica material optically-active fibre
Sensor fibre circle is made with the optical fiber of quite a lot of number of turn.
Up to now as optimal selection, the sensor fibre for making sensor fibre circle is made of fused silica material
Special optical fiber：Optically-active fibre (spun fiber), material are vitreous silica, the Field of corresponding characterization magneto-optic conversion benefit
Constant is about 1 μ rad/ (ampere circles) at wavelength 1310nm.Despite the use of extremely complex, extremely difficult Processes and apparatus
Expensive optically-active fibre is produced, but because of the fused silica material that its raw material is all, all with roughly the same Field
Constant.
Even if employing fused silica material optically-active fibre, but the sensor fibre of enough signal strengths is capable of providing to make
Circle, it has to employ extremely complex technology, the very fragile dedicated devices of structure, result is utilized：Yield rate is non-
Often low, consistency is very poor, and is difficult to improve.
Nevertheless, the accuracy that this FCT is measured still cannot ensure to reach 0.2s ranks, and it is merely able to reach 0.2
Grade.And accuracy of measurement is maintained in the range of requirements of the national standard still very total temperature section (- 40 DEG C~+70 DEG C) are inner
Difficulty, it is very inadequate, actually reach standard requirement in each class testing reluctantly.
Due to when making sensor fibre circle must curved fiber make it into circle, this stress that can change inside of optical fibre divides
So as to change the index distribution of inside of optical fibre, linear birefrigence is formed in inside of optical fibre, thus changes and is propagated in optical fiber for cloth
The polarization state of light beam.This just changes the intensity of FCT measured signals, thus causes the error of FCT measurement results.
Moreover, the sensor fibre having to due to manufacturing sensor fibre circle using quite a lot of number of turn, and this biography
Feel fiber turns diameter by application conditions constraint be unable to it is excessive, so multiturn number minor diameter sensor fibre circle has led to light
Fine internal bending stress is larger, and corresponding linear birefrigence is also just larger.When ambient temperature changes, these inside of optical fibre are larger
Stress and its corresponding linear birefrigence can change with ambient temperature, more scabrous is that the linear birefrigence can also be with
The change rate of ambient temperature and change, finally result in the accuracy of electronic type all-fiber current transformator (FCT) by temperature
Influence, and extremely difficult this influence overcome in a manner of digital compensation so that the signal that FCT measures same electric current also with
Variation of ambient temperature.
The change rate of linear birefrigence changes with the rate of change of environment temperature so that linear birefrigence varies with temperature
Numerical value be actually difficult to repeat, and various factors in test operation and test experience process all have shadow to it
It rings.This allows for becoming complex as temperature-compensating to the error of linear birefrigence and effect is unstable, does not know, so that
It can not reliably be carried out in practical application.
Since the total temperature section of FCT work is up to 110 DEG C, corresponding error value is enough to significantly affect national standard
Defined testing precision can not be ignored.
Therefore increase the Field constant of sensor fibre so that it is strong to go out identical signal to identical current sense to be measured in guarantee
Under the premise of degree, the number of turn of sensor fibre circle is reduced to the greatest extent, so as to reduce sensor fibre because being bent the Linear Double generated during lopping
Refraction, the error caused by temperature change is Fibre Optical Sensor circle output signal is significantly reduced, and reduce linear birefrigence with this
It varies with temperature process and changes corresponding unstable.Thus mode FCT can reduce global error, improve in the range of total temperature
Test accuracy.
The technical solution that this patent provides
According to the electronic type all-fiber current transformator that this patent manufactures and designs, not only has above-mentioned advantage, but also also have
Special advantage：
Overall structure refines, light, compact, securely；
Sensor fibre ring structure is simple, easily makes；
Longtime running is reliable；
Resist the interference such as vibration and temperature；
High reliability, long-life, low cost can be used for a long time under harsh environments.
The scheme that this patent provides：Change the magneto-optic coefficient of property-increase sensor fibre of sensor fibre material therefor, i.e.,
Significantly increase the Field constant of sensor fibre.
It, can be both by normal with high Fil moral using the sensor fibre circle that the special optical fiber that the art of this patent is made is formed
Several optical fiber provides enough signal strengths to ensure accuracy of measurement, and can reduce the number of turn of sensor fibre circle, to ensure FCT
The indexs such as temperature stability；It also is able to substantially reduce the complexity of sensor fibre circle simultaneously, simplifies manufacture craft, increase sensing
The firmness degree of fiber turns, and enhance the consistency of made sensor fibre circle.
Such special optical fiber should meet the optical signature basic index of current optical fiber, and must have than conventional fiber
Much higher Field constant, the sensor fibre circle that this high magneto-optic coefficient optical fiber can be utilized to form, produces final energy
Enough overcome and above-mentioned imperfect meet engineering manufacture and the electronic type full optical-fiber current mutual inductance of actual electric network operation application requirement
Device (FCT).
The method for improving its Field constant
The magneto-optic coefficient for making optical fiber used in FCT sensing circles is increased in this patent proposition, that is, improves the skill of its Field constant
Art scheme.
The benefit that high Verdet constant fibre ribbon comes：
* the signal-to-noise ratio-allow to reach the 0.2s grades of accuracies of measuring of increase test signal；
* it improves and accuracy is improved in the range of Larger Dynamic；
* the Fibre Optical Sensor circle number of turn is reduced, significantly simplifies Fibre Optical Sensor coil structures；
* packaging structure complicated inside removal Fibre Optical Sensor circle and its fragility and difficult manufacture craft；
* the stability that Fibre Optical Sensor circle measurement accuracy varies with temperature is dramatically increased；
* enhance the firmness of sensor fibre circle internal structure；
* cancel or simplify the package unit for temperature-compensating：
Optical fiber sensing head；
Temperature-sensing signal transmitting optical-fiber；
Temperature measurement signal demodulates electronic module；
Thermometric light path and its light source；
Eliminate complicated and sensitive temperature compensation coefficient debugging, check and correction, pretest work；
* so that the reliability of FCT total systems, durability degree, firmness all significantly improve；
* make FCT overall structures greatly simplified；
* the cost of FCT is reduced；
* allow to design and manufacture the FCT for measuring low current signal；
Finally, use high Verdet constant sensor fibre that can cause electronic type all-fiber current transformator becomes really can be with
Applied to the product and commodity in high-tension network.
To obtain high Verdet constant sensor fibre, the material of manufacture silica fibre and glass optical fiber is mixed
It is miscellaneous.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 uses electronic type all-fiber current transformator (FCT) schematic diagram of high magneto-optic coefficient sensor fibre；
Specific implementation measure
Current situation
It is vitreous silica optically-active fibre to make the conventionally used sensor fibres of FCT now, and is single mode optical fiber.FCT light sources
Wavelength for 1310nm, light beam by sandwich layer (core) and covering (cladding) used in material be generally difference
Composition impurity is with the SiO2 (silica) of appropriate proportioning doping；These silica fibres are all of approximately the phenanthrene of 1 μ rad/A. circles
The German number of that.
Choose dopant material
The higher optical material of the current Verdet constant V values produced is mainly magneto-optic glass.
Magneto-optic glass can be divided into two classes：Paramagnetic glass and antimagnetic glass.
In (1) formula, Verdet constant V values are diamagnetic materials for the magneto-optic glass of positive value, and V values are the magneto-optic glass of negative value
It is then paramagnetic material.
Paramagnetic glass has larger Verdet constants, but big to the dependence of temperature, Verdet constants substantially with temperature
Degree is inversely.
And although antimagnetic glass Verdet constants are relatively small, to temperature dependency very little, thus can make more steady
Fixed magnetic-optic devices, to apply in particular circumstances.
In order to make the paramagnetic glass of high magneto-optic coefficient-high Field constant, need to utilize rare earth element terbium (Tb)；And
Other various doped chemicals or compound that can increase Verdet constant, such as：Praseodymium Pr, caesium Ce, cadmium Nd, dysprosium Dy ... etc.,
And its compound.
In order to make the antimagnetic glass of high magneto-optic coefficient-high Field constant, need that using various Fil moral can be increased
The doped chemical of constant or their compound, such as：Lead Pb, boron, germanium Ge, tellurium Te, antimony Sb, bismuth Bi, Tl thallium ... etc. and
Its compound.
Make element and its change that the predispersed fiber base needs used in high Verdet constant doping quartz sense optical fiber adulterate
It closes object inverse magnetic required with magneto-optic glass or paramagnetic dopant material composition is similar, but corresponding concentration values have difference.
In order to reach the requirement that FCT is run in atmospheric temperature, should be selected as possible in the selection of doped fiber
The optical fiber of the very stable diamagnetic material doping of the temperature characterisitic of its Field constant, the Field constant warp of this corresponding type optical fiber
It estimates and is about at 1310nm：~0.015min/Osd.cm；The phenanthrene of the corresponding International System of Units can be obtained from above-mentioned calculating
You are about at moral constant value：~5.5 μ rad/A. circles.The doped fiber with current signal strength to be measured enough passes accordingly in FCT
The sense circle number of turn, which can correspond to, to be taken as：2 circles.
The method of realization
Faraday's magnetic rotation glass (Diamagnetic Faraday Rotators Glass) of diamagnetism, sensitivity
Compare high, optically-active characteristic (Verdet Constant Verdet constants) is hardly by the change of (- 55-+135 degrees Celsius) of environment temperature
The influence of change.Therefore it is more appropriate to make the sensor fibre selection diamagnetism material with higher Field constant.
Due to existing diamagnetic material mainly in the form of magneto-optic glass exist, and make doping prefabricated quartz fiber base with
And the technology and equipment of silica fibre are drawn, technique is all much relative complex, and cost is also high more, so from making against magnetic material
The prefabricated blank of material glass optical fiber starts to be easier；The drawing of glass optical fiber can be then carried out again.Again to acquired glass
Optical fiber Verdet constant V values are tested, and to determine that doping matches, are adulterated composition, are waited all kinds of technological parameters.
The technology of doping
Existing antimagnetic glass material had done many researchs and experiment, first had to determine required Field constant number
It is worth range, while optics necessary to glass optical fiber produced by considering, machinery, thermodynamic characteristics, then calculates or empirically
Estimate basic doping composition, the proportioning and quantity of dopant material；And the prefabricated blank work of processing diamagnetic material glass optical fiber
The call parameter of skill；And each condition of last drawn glass fiber.
It is then complex for the making of vitreous silica predispersed fiber base.It should be in some warps of the development of antimagnetic glass optical fiber
It tests and carries out again after basic.It is contemplated that it is made of technologies such as MOCVD (Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition).
Choose moderately high Verdet constant
To obtain high Verdet constant sensor fibre, it is necessary to choose appropriate making glass material or quartz material doping
Concentration ratio.
Because excessive dopant material proportional concentration can reduce the advantageous feature and magneto-optical property of optical fiber, light should be retained
Fine advantageous feature is such as：Very low light intensity attenuation, thermal stability is high, and chemical stability is good, higher tension and flexural strength,
Good suppleness,...Etc. and good magneto-optical property and into glass, without with excessive dopant material proportional concentration
It goes to obtain excessively high Verdet constant.
For the FCT of the 220kV voltage class of national Specification, rated current 1200A.For such to be measured
Current values, the Verdet constant of doped fiber are not less than about in wavelength to reach at 1310nm：3 μ rad/A. circles just can be used for
The FCT of rated current 1200A reaches not less than about 0.009min/Osd.cm with regard to enough.
If doped fiber advantageous feature and good magneto-optical property still can not be retained well in this numerical value level
And into glass, it may be considered that reduce doping concentration again and cause the Verdet constant of doped fiber not less than about 2 μ rad/A. circles, i.e.,
Not less than about 0.006min/Osd.cm；Such doped fiber can also apply to the FCT of rated current 1200A.
In the case where above-mentioned minimum numerical value is not achieved in the Verdet constant of inverse magnetic codope optical fiber, paramagnetic material can be used
Codope makes high Field constant optical fiber；And increase corresponding digital compensation function in signal processing unit to eliminate paramagnetic
The variation of material Field constant with temperature.
In the smaller FCT such as 600A (or smaller) of correspondence rated current of the 110kV voltage class of national Specification,
The high Field constant optical fiber of paramagnetic material codope making can also be used；And it could expire in the doping of larger concentration diamagnetic material
The high Verdet constant of foot but when can not retain the good optics of doped fiber and other physical properties, can use instead low-doped dense
The high Field constant optical fiber of paramagnetic material codope making is spent to retain the good optics of doped fiber and other physical properties；
Both of these case is required for corresponding to increase digital compensation function in signal processing unit to eliminate paramagnetic material Field constant
Variation with temperature.
The stage of research and development；
The glass optical fiber prefabricating base of the inverse magnetic of A trial-productions and paramagnetic material；
Determine target component；
Appropriate high Verdet constant
It is the Field constant value range that the International System of Units is corresponded at 1310nm in wavelength, about：5.5±2.5μrad/A.
Circle；It is converted into the number of turn of sensor fibre circle：1~3 circle；In tolerance interval.
It should be noted that excessive high Field constant value can not receive and unwanted.For example, more than big
During the Field constant value of about 10 μ rad/A. circles, corresponding doping concentration can reduce.
The Verdet constant of doped fiber can just be applied in wavelength to reach at 1310nm not less than about 3 μ rad/A. circles
In the FCT of rated current 1200A；If doped fiber advantageous feature and good still can not be retained well in this numerical value level
Magneto-optical property, doping concentration can also be reduced again, the Verdet constant of doped fiber also can not less than about 2 μ rad/A. circles
Enough applications.
The selection of this parameter of doping concentration can be completed with control by calculating and experience, correspond to the number of Field constant
Value is within the above range.
The characteristic of material；
Optical parameter range
The doping of glass optical fiber prefabricating base can generally be increased in its institute's drawing optical fiber by the loss of light beam.But because
The sensor fibre circle number of turn reduce and substantially reduce light beam must be by the length of doped fiber, so light beam is in antimagnetic glass light
Unit length propagation loss value in fibre allows to be suitably above the unit length loss value of used vitreous silica optically-active fibre.This
Point just must take into account when making antimagnetic glass predispersed fiber base；Certainly it is preferably lower than or horizontal close to this numerical value.
Mechanics thermal parameters range
Drawing optical fiber will be used for, and gained optical fiber to must satisfy coiling sensor fibre circle in view of glass optical fiber prefabricating base,
Then the structural strength to glass optical fiber prefabricating base and mechanics thermal characteristics should meet the requirement of drawing optical fiber.It is specifically contemplated that simultaneously
Meet the condition of glass optical fiber and silica fibre welding.
B drawn glass fibers
Determine fiber type
Doping is proceeded by from the prefabricated blank process of magneto-optic glass fiber is made.Drawing light is carried out after the completion of prefabricated blank process
It is fine.Wish to obtain the sensing doped fiber of single mode, because matched, welding is all single mode optical fiber, same type optical fiber welding
When weld loss it is smaller.
If the drawing of single mode glass fibre is relatively difficult, the doped-glass optical fiber of multimode can be first drawn.Utilize these
Multimode glass fiber is tested, with determining doping magneto-optic memory technique with when technique.Then the type of glass optical fiber is done again
It improves.
C glass optical fibers should have performance；
Doped-glass optical fiber for making sensor fibre circle should have beam propagation low as possible in 1310nm wavelength
Loss；With the spot size close with the silica fibre of its welding；Good Mechanics ＆ Thermology performance with ensure weld adapt in
The normal operation of FCT in total temperature section；The Verdet constant value of doped-glass optical fiber will be in above-mentioned and provide in the range of value；Also
Possess the further advantage of general optical fiber, as flexibility so as to turn to sensing circle；For another example pull resistance encloses intensity to ensure to sense.
High Verdet constant doped fiber can be adulterated by glass optical fiber prefabricating base and be formed, can also be by vitreous silica optical fiber
Prefabricated blank is adulterated to be formed；The region being doped in this two type optical fiber be all beam propagation by sandwich layer (core) portion
Part.
It is too low in the Verdet constant of inverse magnetic codope optical fiber and the feelings of above-mentioned minimum numerical value (2 μ rad/A. circles) are not achieved
Under condition, paramagnetic material codope can be used and make high Field constant optical fiber；And increase corresponding number in signal processing unit
Compensation function is to eliminate the variation of paramagnetic material Field constant with temperature.
In the smaller FCT such as 600A (or smaller) of rated current；And it could expire in the doping of larger concentration diamagnetic material
The high Verdet constant of foot but when can not retain the good optics of doped fiber and other physical properties, can use instead low-doped dense
The high Field constant optical fiber of paramagnetic material codope making is spent to retain the good optics of doped fiber and other physical properties；
Both of these case is required for corresponding to increase digital compensation function in signal processing unit to eliminate paramagnetic material Field constant
Variation with temperature.
Adulterating doped-glass fiber outer layer similarly should be the organic material coat with superperformance simultaneously.
The inverse magnetic of D doping and paramagnetic glass optical fiber property are tested；
Doped-glass optical fiber for making sensor fibre circle should be tested at 1310nm wavelength.In test is main
Have：
Doped-glass optical fiber Verdet constant value；
The Verdet constant value variation with temperature rate；
Beam propagation is lost in doped-glass optical fiber；
Additional beam propagation loss caused by fusion point；
The uniformity (uniformity adulterated) of Verdet constant everywhere in doped-glass optical fiber；
Whether the comprehensive performance of judgement doping antimagnetic glass optical fiber reaches the requirement index for making FCT sensor fibre circles.Such as
Reach and be then suitable for FCT complete machine developments, otherwise will again be studied since step A, optimized.
The trial-production of the inverse magnetic of E doping and paramagnetic prefabricated quartz fiber base；
All above-mentioned development processes that repetition carries out glass optical fiber, and be adjusted according to silica fibre feature,
Optimization until obtaining with appropriate high Verdet constant, while keeps the inverse magnetic of the other advantageous features of single-mode quartz optical fibers
Until during doping quartz single mode fiber.
High Verdet constant sensor fibre makes for complete machine
Overall performance master-plan；
The layout of sensor fibre circle is as shown in the figure (Fig. 1) in FCT complete machine structure block diagrams.
The rated current of 220kV voltage class is set in national standard：1200A.Conventional melt quartz is utilized in FCT
In sensing circle made of optical fiber, in order to reach the accuracy for measuring 0.2 grade, and at the same time being unlikely to bring excessively high linear two-fold
Penetrate, that is, the considerations of sensor fibre circle takes the number of turns less as possible under, often take the sensor fibre circle number of turn as 8 circles or so.Although such as
This, the accuracy that this FCT is measured still cannot ensure to reach 0.2s ranks.And accuracy of measurement is protected in total temperature section
It holds still very difficult in standard claimed range.
For same current values to be measured, such as the rated current of 1200A, the premise of similary intensity transducing signal is obtained
Under, this corresponding rated current, employing the sensor fibre circle made by the doped fiber of high Verdet constant needs the circle of coiling
Number is general not also to be preferably greater than 4 circles most preferably no more than 2 circles；Than the sensor fibre circle needs for applying all kinds of silica fibres at present
The number of turn much less of coiling.This allows for greatly optimization sensor fibre circle design.
Sensor fibre circle designs；
The structure and design of sensor fibre circle can be greatly simplified using the high Verdet constant optical fiber of inverse magnetic；Improve it simultaneously
Performance, stability and consistency when especially improving for temperature change；And the manufacture craft for causing sensor fibre circle is difficult
Degree significantly lowers.
The other performance of sensor fibre circle, such as resistance to shock can be additionally improved, anti-external world's high-intensity magnetic field jamming performance passes
Feel reliability of fiber turns, etc..
Sensor fibre circle makes；
The seldom number of turn of coiling, this kind of sensor fibre are only needed using the sensor fibre circle of high Verdet constant doped fiber
Enclose and be placed in fiber reel therein be all easy to accomplish it is simple for structure, be readily achieved sensor fibre circle closure requirement, be easy to protect
Demonstrate,prove temperature stability, it is easy to accomplish the consistency between different sensor fibre circles, and can use accurately, it is firm, reliably, easily
Mode be placed in fiber reel.
The non-thread polarization maintaining optical fibre one end for forming two sections of tail optical fibers of the optical fiber quarter-wave plate of sensor fibre circle can be direct
Welding is connected in the doped fiber of one section of high Verdet constant, and is formed with the doped fiber coiling of this section high Verdet constant
Sensor fibre circle；If not directly fused be connected in doped fiber, the undoped fiber section of sensor fibre circle is opposite due to having
Relatively low Verdet constant can cause the sensitivity of sensor fibre circle unbalanced when different direction disposes, so must be as possible
It takes shorter, and this part is disposed corresponding to the negligible orientation in external interference magnetic field.
Since the Field constant of the high Verdet constant optical fiber of inverse magnetic is 5~10 times of (concrete numerical values of current silica fibre
Actual test is needed to give), then the sensor fibre circle only with 1~3 circle construction can meet FCT and magneto-optic effect is produced
The requirement of raw signal strength.This just enormously simplifies manufacturing process, eliminates used numerous and diverse, and fragile, yield rate is extremely low, unanimously
The very poor technological process of property and structure so that FCT overall performances are benefited a lot of, are expected to reach and are fully met real engineer application
It is overcritical so that FCT really comes into advanced power equipment Market, becomes the strong fulcrum of intelligent grid.
Sensor fibre circle is tested；
The temperature characterisitic tested mainly around sensor fibre circle is carried out.Temperature cycling test stream according to national Specification
Journey, the temperature characterisitic of sensor fibre circle should be able to be good, and masterly meets the overcritical of above-mentioned standard.
Overall performance improves；
It adulterates to increase sensor fibre by the magneto-optic substance for carrying out the raw material for manufacturing sensor fibre inverse magnetic or paramagnetic
Field constant so that ensure identical signal strength is gone out to identical current sense to be measured under the premise of greatly reduce sense light
The number of turn of fibre circle, can significantly reduce error and corresponding shakiness caused by temperature change is sensor fibre circle output signal
It is fixed.Thus mode, which also allows for FCT, can reduce global error, the test accuracy in the range of operation total temperature be improved, with this
FCT overall performances, such as accuracy of measurement for electric current to be measured simultaneously, the stability of FCT complete machines, long-term reliability, consistency,
Firmness degree of structure etc., is all significantly increased.
So making sensor fibre circle using high Verdet constant sensor fibre becomes electronic type all-fiber current transformator
FCT improves for the stability of temperature change to improve accuracy of measurement, and improves the inevitable option of the above-mentioned many performances of complete machine.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of electronic type all-fiber current transformator using high magneto-optic coefficient-i.e. high Verdet constant sensor fibre, including：
Photovoltaic element；The photovoltaic element include light source, optical fiber, optical device, photodetector, etc.；
Electric insulation unit；The electric insulation unit includes：Insulating of electric measurement of high pressure, water conservancy diversion busbar and its supporting frame and anti-
Shield shell, grading ring, etc.；
Signal processing unit；For handling the signal that the sensing unit provides, and thus voltage to be measured is calculated in signal
Numerical value, and output it and carry electric insulator and dispose the case shell of photovoltaic element and signal processing unit；
Sensing unit；The sensing unit includes：The sensor fibre circle made of high Verdet constant optical fiber；By particular fiber group
Optical fiber quarter-wave plate made of conjunction；Dispose the fiber reel of sensor fibre circle and defensive shell；
The light beam that the photovoltaic element is sent out enters the electric insulation unit high voltage after optical device is handled by optical fiber
The sensing unit in region；The light beam senses the signal of electric current to be measured in sensor fibre circle；It is returned again by optical fiber
The subsequent signal processing unit of photovoltaic element carries out signal processing and obtains current values to be measured；
It is characterized in that：Sensor fibre circle is formed using the inverse magnetic or paramagnetic material doped fiber coiling of high Verdet constant；It should
The Verdet constant value of inverse magnetic or paramagnetic material doped fiber is far above applied at present all kinds of and does not make the common of this kind of doping
The Verdet constant value of silica fibre.
2. the electronic type all-fiber current transformator according to claim 1 using high Verdet constant sensor fibre, feature
It is：The sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit be using the high Verdet constant optical fiber coiling that inverse magnetic or paramagnetic material adulterate and
Into.
3. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 2 is using the special doping light of high Verdet constant
It is fine, it is characterised in that：The special doped fiber of the high Verdet constant is in the raw material or optical fiber prefabricating for making the optical fiber
Specifically inverse magnetic or paramagnetic doped chemical or compound composition, and take appropriate deal and proportioning are added in base.
4. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 3 is the special doping light using high Verdet constant
It is fine, it is characterised in that：The codope element or chemical combination added in the raw material of the doped fiber or predispersed fiber base is made
Object includes the various doped chemicals that can increase Verdet constant or their compound necessary to realization diamagnetism characteristic,
Such as：Lead Pb, boron, germanium Ge, tellurium Te, antimony Sb, bismuth Bi, Tl thallium ... etc. and its compound.
5. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 3 is the special doping light using high Verdet constant
It is fine, it is characterised in that：It is suitable that the codope element or compound added in the raw material for making the doped fiber includes realization
Terbium (Tb) element and its compound necessary to magneto-optical material；And other various doping that can increase Verdet constant
Element or compound, such as：Praseodymium Pr, caesium Ce, cadmium Nd, dysprosium Dy ... etc. and its compound.
6. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：For same electric current to be measured
Numerical value such as the rated current of 1200A, under the premise of obtaining similary intensity transducing signal, employs the doping of high Verdet constant
Sensor fibre circle made by optical fiber needs the number of turn of coiling, this corresponding rated current, generally no greater than 4 circles；Than answering at present
The number of turn much less of coiling is needed with the sensor fibre circle of all kinds of silica fibres.
7. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is adulterated using high Verdet constant
The sensor fibre circle of optical fiber only needs the seldom number of turn of coiling, and this kind of sensor fibre coil structures are succinct, are easy to make, and are easy to ensure
Temperature stability, it is easy to accomplish the consistency between different sensor fibre circles, and precision can be used, it is firm, reliably, readily
Mode is placed in fiber reel.
8. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Form the optical fiber of sensor fibre circle
Non-thread polarization maintaining optical fibre one end of two sections of tail optical fibers of quarter-wave plate directly fused can be connected in one section of high Verdet constant
Doped fiber, and form sensor fibre circle with the doped fiber coiling of this section high Verdet constant；If not directly fused be connected
In doped fiber, then the undoped fiber section of sensor fibre circle must take shorter as possible, and this part is corresponded to extraneous do
The negligible orientation in magnetic field is disturbed to dispose.
9. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：High Verdet constant doped fiber
It can be adulterated and be formed by glass optical fiber, can also adulterated and be formed by vitreous silica optical fiber；The area being doped in this two type optical fiber
Domain be all beam propagation by sandwich layer (core) part.
10. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 3 is using the special doping of high Verdet constant
Optical fiber, it is characterised in that：Sensing circle is made using diamagnetic material doped fiber as possible, optical fiber passes during the variation of such ambient temperature
The Verdet constant value variation with temperature amount for feeling circle is smaller.
11. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 3 is co-doped with veiling glare using high Verdet constant
It is fine, it is characterised in that：The Verdet constant of doped fiber is in wavelength to reach at 1310nm not less than about 3 μ rad/A. circles (i.e. not
Below about 0.009min/Osd.cm) it just can be applied to the FCT of rated current 1200A；It if still can not be very in this numerical value level
Retain doped fiber advantageous feature and good magneto-optical property well, the expense that doping concentration causes doped fiber can be reduced again
You can also apply moral constant not less than about 2 μ rad/A. circles (being not less than about 0.006min/Osd.cm).
12. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 3 is the codope optical fiber using high Verdet constant,
It is characterized in that：It is too low in the Verdet constant of inverse magnetic codope optical fiber and above-mentioned minimum numerical value (2 μ rad/A. circles) is not achieved
In the case of, paramagnetic material codope can be used and make high Field constant optical fiber；And increase corresponding number in signal processing unit
Word compensation function is to eliminate the variation of paramagnetic material Field constant with temperature.
13. the sensor fibre circle of the sensing unit according to claim 3 is the codope optical fiber using high Verdet constant,
It is characterized in that：In the smaller FCT such as 600A (or smaller) of rated current；And adulterate ability in larger concentration diamagnetic material
When meeting high Verdet constant but the good optics of doped fiber and other physical properties can not be retained, it can use instead low-doped
The high Field constant optical fiber that concentration paramagnetic material codope makes is to retain the good optics of doped fiber and other physical
Energy；Both of these case is required for normal to eliminate paramagnetic material Field in signal processing unit correspondence increase digital compensation function
Number variation with temperature.
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