CN116646161A - Optical fiber composite intelligent dry-type reactor capable of monitoring vibration, temperature and strain - Google Patents
Optical fiber composite intelligent dry-type reactor capable of monitoring vibration, temperature and strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN116646161A CN116646161A CN202210159564.4A CN202210159564A CN116646161A CN 116646161 A CN116646161 A CN 116646161A CN 202210159564 A CN202210159564 A CN 202210159564A CN 116646161 A CN116646161 A CN 116646161A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
- H01F2027/406—Temperature sensor or protection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber composite intelligent dry-type reactor capable of monitoring vibration, temperature and strain. And deducing loss in the reactor coil through the magnetic field-circuit coupling model, and bringing the loss into the temperature-fluid coupling model to obtain the temperature distribution of the reactor, and obtaining the temperature field and the hot spot distribution of the reactor during normal operation. Analyzing abnormal temperature rise conditions by simulating turn-to-turn short circuits at different positions to obtain an optimal laying scheme of the sensing optical fiber; in the embodiment, a specific design parameter of the intelligent reactor is given, wherein 4 layers, 3 layers and 4 layers of aluminum coils are respectively arranged in the packages 1 to 4, the sensing optical fiber is laid between the 2 nd and 3 rd layers of wires of each package, and polyester films and non-woven fabrics are arranged between turns and between layers to serve as insulation measures; the invention can be matched with external optical fiber sensing equipment to realize the identification of vibration event types and the measurement of reactor temperature and strain, and has guiding significance and practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of on-line monitoring of power equipment states, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an intelligent dry-type air-core reactor compounded with sensing optical fibers.
Background
The dry type air core reactor mainly plays roles of limiting closing inrush current, limiting short circuit current, compensating stray capacitive current, filtering, limiting power frequency voltage rising, protecting electric equipment, maintaining reactive balance, improving power factor and the like in a power system, and is increasingly applied to urban and rural construction due to the advantages of low loss, low noise, good linearity of reactance value, long design service life, simplicity in maintenance and the like. Along with the rapid development of economy in China, the electric power demand is increased increasingly, a large number of long-distance and large-capacity power transmission conditions are generated, and meanwhile, the power consumer has higher and higher requirements on the quality of power supply, so that the electric power system has higher and higher requirements on the reactor. The failure cause of the dry air-core reactor mainly comprises insulation degradation of the internal lead of the winding of the wrapping layer caused by wrapping insulation aging, branch discharge of the wrapping surface, abrupt thermal expansion and contraction of temperature, turn-to-turn short circuit occurs, local temperature rise is too high caused by high current consumption of the coil, and the coil is heated or even burnt out. In order to improve the voltage quality of the power grid and ensure the long-time operation reliability and stability of the reactor, corresponding measures are needed to be taken to monitor the vibration, the temperature and the temperature rise of the reactor in real time.
The temperature monitoring method of the dry reactor adopted in the current electric power generally can only monitor when the reactor fails, and the problem is treated by obvious abnormal reaction caused by the failure. The dry reactor is mainly composed of a coil and accessories, no other elements or cooling system are used as the components, and the cooling of heat generated in the operation process of the reactor is completely completed by natural circulation of air. The dry reactor has no other relay protection and monitoring functions except for the protection of the electric reactor by taking the current as a characteristic quantity. If relay protection configured in engineering design is also only after the reactor fails, judging whether the reactor fails or not by judging the magnitude of the current amount, and then taking measures, but not monitoring the failure in advance and preventing the failure before the occurrence of the problem. Therefore, in order to ensure safe and stable operation of the power system, it is necessary to monitor the operation state of the reactor on line, predict the occurrence of a fault in advance, remove the fault in advance as much as possible, and control the loss to the minimum.
Because the dry type air core reactor has a special structure and is complex in operating environment, the occurrence position of a fault hot spot of the dry type air core reactor has uncertainty, and the temperature of the reactor is difficult to monitor. At present, the temperature measurement of the high-voltage reactor comprises the following three modes: the system comprises a manual inspection and temperature display device, an infrared remote temperature measuring device and a fiber bragg grating sensor temperature measuring device. The problem of unstable power supply and difficult maintenance exists when the wireless temperature measuring device is additionally arranged, and the problem of reactor fault caused by incorrect installation of the wireless temperature measuring device also exists. The method adopted by the temperature indicator is to use a temperature indicating wax sheet or periodically use an infrared thermometer to measure the temperature point by point. The reliability and the accuracy of the temperature indicating wax sheet are insufficient, the method of using the infrared thermometer to measure the temperature point by point must avoid the background interference of sunlight, generally needs to manually measure the temperature in the field at night or in overcast and rainy days, needs a great deal of manpower and material resources, and needs to shoot equipment from different angles if the fixed thermometer is installed, so the cost is high. The infrared temperature measurement method is widely applied to temperature measurement of power equipment, and can be used for periodically inspecting the reactor, but the method can only be used for measuring the temperature of the envelope exposed on the outermost layer, cannot detect the temperature rise condition of the inner envelope, and cannot find out overheat faults in time. The temperature sensor is embedded in the encapsulating layer at multiple points to measure the temperature in the encapsulating layer, but the method cannot continuously measure the temperature in a space range due to uncertainty of fault parts, so that overheat faults cannot be found in time, and the sensor is embedded in the manufacturing process of the reactor, so that the temperature of the reactor in operation cannot be measured.
Because of the uncertainty of temperature rise of each point when the reactor works, the common point-shaped temperature sensor cannot measure the abnormal temperature rise of a certain point, which is possible to measure the temperature by using the distributed optical fiber temperature sensor. The distributed optical fiber temperature sensor has wide application prospect because the distributed optical fiber temperature sensor can realize continuous measurement of temperature along the length of the optical fiber and is not interfered by strong electromagnetic environment. We propose: and arranging optical fibers in the reactor to establish a dry reactor distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system.
The optical fiber distributed sensing uses the whole optical fiber as a sensing medium, overcomes the defect that parameters of sensor layout points can only be accurately measured in the scheme of adopting temperature and strain sensors in the past, and realizes real full coverage of a detection area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an optical fiber composite intelligent dry-type reactor capable of monitoring vibration, temperature and strain. The invention uses the pre-purchased composite optical fiber as a sensing unit to acquire temperature, strain and vibration information along the line in real time, and intelligently acquires the running state of the reactor in real time through data analysis and processing to realize the running state of the reactor. The method is used for solving the problems that the existing dry-type reactor is low in state detection precision, incomplete in coverage range, incapable of performing on-line monitoring and the like.
The invention relates to finite element model construction, structural design and realization of an optical fiber composite intelligent reactor, which specifically comprises the following steps: the intelligent air-core reactor comprises an intelligent reactor body compounded with sensing optical fibers, modeling analysis and calculation of the loss of a reactor coil, modeling analysis of an encapsulation heat conduction process, distribution rule analysis of the hottest points of the reactor encapsulation, a structural design method of the intelligent dry air-core reactor based on modeling analysis results, and a sensing optical fiber laying method; the system comprises an ultra-narrow linewidth laser for providing a laser source for the system, a pulse signal generator, a photoelectric modulator, a coupler, a circulator, an external optical fiber, a data acquisition card for acquiring return signals, a direct-current stabilized power supply for supplying power to the data acquisition card and each photoelectric module, a remote client connected with the data acquisition card, and a data processing and identifying program.
The invention adopts modeling simulation as a leading step of reactor design. The specific steps are shown in the accompanying figure 2: firstly, according to the geometric and electrical parameters of the reactor, calculating the resistance loss of each layer of coil of the reactor by establishing a magnetic field-circuit coupling model; and then, according to the actual heat dissipation condition of the reactor, a fluid-temperature field coupling model is established, the calculated resistance loss is used as a heat source load to be added into a temperature field, and the radial and axial temperature distribution rule of the reactor under the normal state is obtained. Secondly, on the basis of a steady-state temperature field, analyzing transient temperature distribution rules after turn-to-turn short circuit faults occur at different space positions of the dry resistance, and obtaining an encapsulation insulation weak link and an encapsulation hot spot position after the short circuit faults; and designing a laying method of the sensing optical fiber based on the model analysis result.
The magnetic field-circuit coupling model calculates the loss: the two-dimensional axisymmetric geometric coordinates are adopted in the establishment of the model, only the encapsulation of the reactor is considered, and the stay and the star-shaped support are omitted. The space outside the finite element geometric model represents an air domain, the width is 5-8 times of the outer diameter of the reactor, and the ratio of the height to the width is kept consistent with the ratio of the dry resistance height to the inner diameter. As shown in figure 3, rectangular bars are used for representing the dry reactance encapsulation in modeling, so that the explicit modeling of independently calculating the sections of the coil wires of each turn is replaced, the same calculation precision as the explicit modeling can be obtained in terms of vector magnetic potential and magnetic flux density, and the calculation efficiency is improved. Each package is formed by parallel connection of winding layers, and the air is used as a magnetic conduction medium, so that the dry magnetic flux linkage is mostly dispersed in the air. The magnetic field is vertically symmetrical about the central axis as shown in fig. 4; on the radial path, the reactor body and the internal region have stronger magnetic fields, and the farther the radial position is, the smaller the magnetic flux density mode amplitude is. After the vector magnetic potential is obtained, the current in each layer of coil can be obtained, and the resistance loss of the coil is further calculated.
Temperature-fluid coupling model calculates temperature: the invention adds the coil resistance loss calculated by the magnetic field-circuit model to the heat source load of the fluid-temperature field. According to the general technical specification of the 10kV dry type hollow series reactor, the distances between the top and the ground of the reactor for natural air cooling heat dissipation are not smaller than 0.5D (D refers to the outer diameter of the reactor), so that the height of the top and the bottom air domains is selected to be 0.5D. As shown in fig. 5, the left and right air fields are in close proximity to the innermost and outermost sides of the reactor. The temperature profile generated after the software simulation is shown in fig. 6. The temperature change rule of each encapsulation in the axial direction is consistent, namely the encapsulation temperature increases rapidly with the increase of the height, then rises gently, and finally shows a descending trend near the upper end. As shown in fig. 7: the highest temperature point is located at 80% of the height of the envelope, which is the center layer envelope. This is because air around the reactor flows upward by heat, the air has viscosity, a temperature boundary layer is formed on the wall surface of the envelope, and the boundary layer becomes thicker with the increase of the height of the wall surface, resulting in poor upper heat dissipation and higher temperature. And the top end of the reactor has the advantages that the air flows faster, the heat exchange between the encapsulation and the air is more complete, and the temperature of the top end is reduced. As shown in fig. 8: the radial temperature of the dry air-core reactor envelope was analyzed, taking 50% and 80% and 10% of the envelope height as examples, and the radial distance was defined as the distance between each point in the horizontal direction and the inside of the 1 st envelope, and the reactor height was represented by H. On the same height of each encapsulation of the reactor, the encapsulation temperature in the middle is highest, the innermost layer and the outermost layer are lower in encapsulation temperature, and the heat dissipation effect is good, so that the temperature is lower; while the centrally located envelope has poor heat dissipation conditions and therefore higher temperatures. Meanwhile, the lower the height is, the more obvious the temperature difference between the air passage and the winding is, which indicates that the better the convection heat dissipation effect is. According to the analysis, the weak link of the temperature of the reactor in the operation process is positioned in the middle layer encapsulation, and the infrared temperature measurement method widely used in the industry at present can only aim at the outermost layer encapsulation and cannot grasp the state of the weak link of the temperature. The key point of monitoring the reactor encapsulation temperature is to monitor the encapsulation temperature of the middle layer.
Modeling of turn-to-turn short circuit: firstly, setting a short-circuit turn coil by using a magnetic field-circuit coupling model, solving electromagnetic losses in each coil and the short-circuit coil of the reactor, substituting the electromagnetic losses as heat sources into a fluid-temperature field transient model, and calculating to obtain a temperature dynamic change rule of the reactor after short-circuit. And then, setting short-circuit turns at different radial positions and different height positions to obtain the space-time distribution rule of the temperature in the short-circuit ring after turn-to-turn short-circuit. Firstly, the loss after turn-to-turn short circuit is added into each winding, and the initial value of the transient solver is selected as a steady-state result in a normal running state. The model simulation shows that at the initial time of short circuit occurrence, as shown in fig. 9: t=0s, the temperature field distribution is still normal. As the short circuit fault progresses, the thermal effects of the short circuit loops in the faulty turns begin to gradually affect the encapsulation temperature. The shorted turns gradually replace the encapsulated upper end, become hot spots, and the temperature thereof is continuously rising. When a fault occurs for 40-50 seconds, the temperature of the hot spot of the encapsulation reaches the highest temperature limit value 155 ℃ of F-level insulation, and after that, the temperature of the encapsulation continuously rises along with the development of the fault time, and the hot spot temperature gradually rises and enables the range of a high-temperature area near the fault point to be continuously expanded. The most hot spot temperature of the winding exceeds 155 ℃ when the temperature reaches 50s, and the safety of an insulation system is seriously threatened, and in the simulated 60s time range, the axial temperature distribution rules of several normal envelopes adjacent to the fault envelope are almost unchanged and are similar to those of the normal operation, so that the turn-to-turn short circuit does not greatly affect other envelopes. In the simulation of different positions where the inter-turn short circuit occurs, taking the case that one turn of short circuit occurs at the positions with the heights of 0, 0.25H, 0.5H, 0.75H and H as examples, the temperature change rule of the reactor after the inter-turn short circuit occurs at different axial heights is analyzed. Simulation results show that the temperature is highest and the temperature rise rate is fastest when the turn-to-turn short circuit occurs at the height of 0.5H. This is because the magnetic field strength at the middle height of the reactor is the largest, and after a short circuit occurs, the influence on the inductance of the entire reactor is the largest, so that the electromagnetic loss in the short circuit loop is the largest. Simulation was performed at different radial positions, i.e. different envelopes, with a 0.5H high single turn short circuit, and the results showed that the temperature of the hot spot was significantly higher when the fault occurred in the center envelope than when the fault occurred in the edge envelope.
Preferably, the intelligent reactor is embedded with sensing optical fibers during manufacturing, the sensing optical fibers are wound in the reactor in a distributed mode according to an encapsulation layered structure, and an integrated photoelectric module injects light pulses into the sensing optical fibers and collects return signals, so that full coverage of a reactor monitoring range and high-precision measurement of temperature strain and vibration are achieved. The intelligent reactor basic structure comprises a reactor body and an insulating support piece. The body is formed by connecting a plurality of coaxial cylindrical envelopes in parallel. An air passage is reserved between the encapsulation and the encapsulation, so that the heat dissipation of the dry type air-core reactor is facilitated; the stays are uniformly distributed among the air passages to play a role in fixation. The outgoing wires of each layer of winding are welded on the aluminum star frame at the top and the bottom of the encapsulation, and the structure not only realizes electric connection, but also plays roles of fastening the encapsulation and improving mechanical strength. The encapsulation is formed by winding parallel coils with different layers, and the parallel coils are formed by winding aluminum wires or copper wires with different numbers of strands and different diameters. The coil insulation made of glass fiber and polyester film material is wrapped between the parallel coil layers and between the conductor turns, so that the eddy current loss of the parallel coil can be effectively reduced. The whole envelope is formed by high-temperature curing of glass fiber filaments impregnated with epoxy resin. The insulating support piece is connected with the solidified reactor body through a flange to form a basic structure of the dry type air-core reactor.
The core structure design of the reactor is an encapsulation structure design, and is characterized in that according to a modeling simulation result, the hottest point at the radial position in the encapsulation appears at the innermost coil, so that the sensing optical fiber is paved between the two coils at the innermost layer in the encapsulation; if the number of the coils is odd, the sensing optical fibers should be laid outside the central coil; the hottest point is positioned at the position of 80% upwards of the bottom of the encapsulation when the encapsulation is in a steady state in the axial direction, the temperature rise of the reactor is quicker when the turn-to-turn short circuit is performed according to the simulation result, the heat is concentrated and distributed in a narrower range, and if the number of turns of the optical fiber is less, the abnormal temperature rise cannot be accurately captured. Therefore, the number of turns of the sensing optical fiber is at least twice that of the coil, and the accurate detection of the hot spot position and the randomly-occurring rapid temperature rise position when the turn-to-turn short circuit occurs is ensured. When the optical fibers are laid, the winding direction of the optical fibers is the same as the winding direction of the coil, the optical fibers are laid in parallel, more than two sensing optical fibers are distributed outside each turn of wire in the coil laid by the optical fibers in parallel, and favorable conditions are provided for follow-up vibration event identification and temperature and strain monitoring. When the optical fiber is laid, according to a modeling simulation result, the hot spot position of the reactor in normal operation is a position with the bottom up to 80% of the height, the temperature rise is fastest when the turn-to-turn short circuit occurs at the 50% of the height, and the temperature propagates slowly to the inside of the encapsulation in a short time, so that a high temperature area with narrower width is caused, and therefore, the denser sensing optical fibers should be properly arranged at the two positions. When the optical fiber is paved, the high temperature of the reactor fault and the expansion and contraction effect of the encapsulation, solidification and cooling are considered, the common high temperature resistant acrylic coated optical fiber can not meet the requirements, polyimide coated optical fiber is needed, and the optical fiber can work for a long time at the temperature of-65 ℃ to +300 ℃. The optical fiber should be fixed with high temperature resistant silica gel glue in the laying process, so that the laying position is displaced by extruding the internal sensing optical fiber when the encapsulation is solidified, and meanwhile, the heat conduction can be quickened by good contact, so that the system is more sensitive. The elasticity of the glue provides a certain space for thermal barrier and cold shrinkage, so that the survival rate of the sensing optical fiber can be greatly increased.
Preferably, the integrated photoelectric module is integrated with an ultra-narrow linewidth light source, an optical pulse modulator, a sensing original optical signal amplifier and a photoelectric converter. The device has the characteristics of small volume, low power consumption and ultrahigh extinction ratio.
Preferably, the optoelectronic module driver provides an optical pulse signal to the integrated optoelectronic module.
Preferably, the acquisition card is connected with the photoelectric module drive and the integrated photoelectric module data output interface and is responsible for the acquisition and storage of backward transmission signals.
Preferably, the power supply adopts a programmable direct current power supply to provide stable power supply for each module.
The invention can be matched with the external optical fiber sensing equipment, and the model is processed based on a scattering theory so as to realize the identification of vibration events and the demodulation of temperature and strain.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the optical fiber composite intelligent dry-type air-core reactor, the reactor is covered in all directions through the plurality of sensing optical fibers, so that accurate measurement without dead angles is realized; the accurate identification of the vibration event can give an alarm in time when the reactor is damaged by unknown impact, so that the safety is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 intelligent reactor structure
Fig. 2 intelligent reactor design flow chart
Reactor geometry modeling in the electromagnetic field model of FIG. 3
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of magnetic field distribution of a dry reactor under normal conditions
Fig. 5 reactor fluid-temperature field coupling geometric model
FIG. 6 simulation results of a reactor temperature field
Fig. 7 reactor envelope axial temperature profile
Fig. 8 radial temperature profile of a reactor envelope
Fig. 9.5 h is a graph showing the axial temperature profile of the reactor envelope when an inter-turn short occurs
Fig. 10 preparation flow chart of intelligent reactor
Detailed Description
Example 1
Detailed fiber distribution scheme and technical parameters of optical fiber composite intelligent reactor:
the reactor consists of 4 envelopes, and the 1 st envelope, the 2 nd envelope, the 3 rd envelope and the 4 th envelope are respectively numbered from inside to outside along the radial direction; the overall envelope of the reactor has an outer diameter 1.247m, an inner diameter of 1.004m and an envelope height of 0.719m, and the inter-envelope air passage is 25mm. The natural air cooling is adopted, and the conductor is an aluminum rectangular wire. System voltage 12kV, reactance rate 12%, rated inductance 9.17mH, insulation grade F, average temperature rise 75.12K.
The 1 st encapsulation has four layers of parallel coils, the lead is formed by coiling an aluminum lead with a rectangular cross section of 2.00mm multiplied by 5.80mm, the coiling turns of each layer of lead are 115.5 turns, the total inner diameter of the encapsulation is 1004.0mm, the outer diameter is 1029.6mm, and the height is 0.71893m; wherein, the radial width of the aluminum conductor is 2mm, and the axial width is 5.8mm; the inter-turn insulation is formed by wrapping a wire by adopting two layers of polyester films and one layer of non-woven fabric, and the radial width of the wire reaches 2.3mm after the inter-turn insulation treatment; the interlayer insulation of each wire adopts two layers of polyvinyl chloride films and a layer of non-woven fabric, and the thickness reaches 2mm; the sensing optical fibers are paved between the second layer of wires and the third layer of wires, 8 optical fibers are made of acrylic resin coating 62.5/125 mu m multimode optical fibers, the thickness of the coating reaches 30 mu m, the long-term working temperature environment is-65 ℃ to +300 ℃, and the maximum short-term temperature can bear 350 ℃; the number of turns of the optical fiber is 233 turns, the whole number of turns of the optical fiber is twice that of the lead, and one turn of sensing optical fiber is respectively added at 50% of the height and 80% of the height, so that better identification precision is achieved. And during laying, the high-temperature-resistant silica gel glue with the thickness of 1mm is adopted for fixation. Two sides of the optical fiber layer are respectively provided with a layer of non-woven fabrics and a layer of glass fibers; at the outermost side of the present encapsulation there is a 3mm thick wrap of glass fibre cloth impregnated with cured epoxy resin.
The 2 nd encapsulation has 3 layers of parallel coils, the lead is formed by coiling an aluminum lead with a rectangular cross section of 2.00mm multiplied by 6.40mm, the coiling turns of each layer of lead are 103.1667, the total inner diameter of the encapsulation is 1079.6mm, the outer diameter is 1100.6mm, and the height is 0.70532m; wherein, the radial width of the aluminum conductor is 2mm, and the axial width is 6.4mm; the inter-turn insulation is formed by wrapping a wire by adopting two layers of polyester films and one layer of non-woven fabric, and the radial width of the wire reaches 2.3mm after the inter-turn insulation treatment; the interlayer insulation of each wire adopts two layers of polyvinyl chloride films and a layer of non-woven fabric, and the thickness reaches 2mm; the sensing optical fibers are paved between the second layer of wires and the third layer of wires, 4 optical fibers are made of acrylic resin coating 62.5/125 mu m multimode optical fibers, the thickness of the coating reaches 30 mu m, the long-term working temperature environment is-65 ℃ to +300 ℃, and the maximum short-term temperature can bear 350 ℃; the number of turns of the optical fiber is 208, the whole optical fiber is twice as large as the number of turns of the lead, and one turn of sensing optical fiber is respectively added at 50% of the height and 80% of the height so as to achieve better identification precision; and during laying, the high-temperature-resistant silica gel glue with the thickness of 1mm is adopted for fixation. Two sides of the optical fiber layer are respectively provided with a layer of non-woven fabrics and a layer of glass fibers; at the outermost side of the present encapsulation there is a 3mm thick wrap of glass fibre cloth impregnated with cured epoxy resin.
The 3 rd packaging has 3 layers of parallel coils, the lead is formed by winding an aluminum lead with a rectangular cross section of 2.00mm multiplied by 6.80mm, the winding turns of each layer of lead are 97.1667, the overall packaging inner diameter is 1150.6mm, the outer diameter is 1171.6mm, and the height is 0.70396m; wherein, the radial width of the aluminum conductor is 2mm, and the axial width is 6.8mm; the inter-turn insulation is formed by wrapping a wire by adopting two layers of polyester films and one layer of non-woven fabric, and the radial width of the wire reaches 2.3mm after the inter-turn insulation treatment; the interlayer insulation of each wire adopts two layers of polyvinyl chloride films and a layer of non-woven fabric, the thickness reaches 2mm, sensing optical fibers are paved between the second layer of wires and the third layer of wires, 4 wires are made of acrylic resin coating 62.5/125 mu m multimode optical fibers, the thickness of the coating reaches 30 mu m, the long-term working temperature environment is-65 ℃ to +300 ℃, and the maximum short-time temperature can bear 350 ℃; the number of turns of the optical fiber is 196 turns, the whole optical fiber is twice as large as the number of turns of the lead, and one turn of sensing optical fiber is respectively added at 50% of the height and 80% of the height so as to achieve better identification precision; and during laying, the high-temperature-resistant silica gel glue with the thickness of 1mm is adopted for fixation. Two sides of the optical fiber are respectively provided with a layer of non-woven fabric and a layer of glass fiber; at the outermost side of the present encapsulation there is a 3mm thick wrap of glass fibre cloth impregnated with cured epoxy resin.
4 layers of parallel coils are arranged in the 4 th encapsulation, the wires are wound by adopting aluminum wires with rectangular cross sections of 2.00mm multiplied by 7.00mm, the winding turns of each layer of wires are 95.1667, the total encapsulation inner diameter is 1221.6mm, the outer diameter is 1247.6mm, and the height is 0.70889m; wherein, the radial width of the aluminum conductor is 2mm, and the axial width is 7mm; the inter-turn insulation is formed by wrapping a wire by adopting two layers of polyester films and one layer of non-woven fabric, and the radial width of the wire reaches 2.3mm after the inter-turn insulation treatment; the interlayer insulation of each wire adopts two layers of polyvinyl chloride films and a layer of non-woven fabric, the thickness reaches 2mm, sensing optical fibers are paved between the second layer of wires and the third layer of wires, 8 wires are made of acrylic resin coating 62.5/125 mu m multimode optical fibers, the thickness of the coating reaches 30 mu m, the long-term working temperature environment is-65 ℃ to +300 ℃, and the maximum short-time temperature can bear 350 ℃; the number of turns of the optical fiber is 192, the whole optical fiber is twice as large as the number of turns of the lead, and one turn of sensing optical fiber is respectively added at 50% of the height and 80% of the height so as to achieve better identification precision; and during laying, the high-temperature-resistant silica gel glue with the thickness of 1mm is adopted for fixation. Two sides of the optical fiber are respectively provided with a layer of non-woven fabric and a layer of glass fiber; at the outermost side of the present encapsulation there is a 3mm thick wrap of glass fibre cloth impregnated with cured epoxy resin.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit, and the specific dimensions of the reactor have slight differences due to material differences, manufacturing processes, tolerances, etc. in the manufacturing process; other modifications and equivalent substitutions (e.g., scaling up and down) of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it is intended to cover within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An optical fiber composite intelligent dry reactor capable of monitoring vibration, temperature and strain, which is characterized by comprising: the intelligent reactor body is compounded with sensing optical fibers, the modeling simulation calculation of the loss of the reactor coil, the modeling analysis of the encapsulation heat conduction process, the distribution rule analysis of the encapsulation hottest points of the reactor, the structural design method of the intelligent dry-type air-core reactor based on the simulation result and the sensing optical fiber laying method are obtained; the method can be matched with external matched optical fiber sensing equipment in engineering application to realize identification and measurement of vibration events, temperature and strain of the reactor based on back Rayleigh scattering and Brillouin scattering frequency shift.
2. The structural design method of intelligent dry air-core reactor according to claim 1, wherein the loss of the coil in the encapsulation is obtained by establishing a magnetic field-circuit coupling model of the dry intelligent reactor; establishing a fluid-temperature field model, substituting the coil loss as a heat source, and analyzing the overall distribution of the temperature of the reactor and local hot spots; on the basis of a steady-state temperature field, analyzing transient temperature distribution rules after turn-to-turn short circuit faults occur at different space positions of the dry resistance, and obtaining an encapsulation insulation weak link and an encapsulation hot spot position after the short circuit faults; designing a laying method of the sensing optical fiber based on a model analysis result; the specific process comprises the following steps:
step one: performing steady-state temperature field simulation calculation on the dry type air-core reactor by using a finite element analysis method; firstly, a magnetic field-circuit coupling model is established under a two-dimensional axisymmetric coordinate system, the resistance loss of each layer of coil winding of the reactor in a rated running state is obtained, the resistance loss is substituted into the fluid-temperature field coupling model as a heat source, and the axial and radial temperature distribution rules of the reactor in a normal state are solved and obtained: in the axial direction, the temperature of the bottom of the package is close to the ambient temperature, the temperature of the 5% area from the bottom of the package to the height of the package is lower, and the speed increase is faster; the temperature rises slowly in the region of 5% to 80% of the encapsulation height; the temperature of the encapsulation height is slowly reduced from 80% to the top end area, and finally the highest temperature rise point is positioned at 80% of the encapsulation height; in the radial direction, the intermediate layer encapsulation temperature is highest;
step two: on the basis of the first step, simulating a transient temperature field after the turn-to-turn short circuit fault of the dry-type reactor, and calculating the transient change rule of the short circuit turn after the turn-to-turn short circuit of different radial positions and axial positions; and analyzing the influence on the temperature field and the hot spot distribution after the sensor fiber is laid in the encapsulation.
3. The intelligent reactor according to claim 1, wherein the intelligent reactor body structure comprises a star frame welded with a coil entering encapsulation interface, a supporting bar with a wire coil wound inside and a sensing optical fiber coaxially encapsulated and fixed between the encapsulation, a reactor base and a wheel group for facilitating the movement of the intelligent reactor;
the intelligent dry-type reactor comprises a core component, a coil and a sensing optical fiber, wherein the core component is a coaxial encapsulation coated with the coil and the sensing optical fiber, the lead adopts an aluminum or copper lead, the lead enters the encapsulation from a lead welding port of a planet carrier at the top end of the reactor, the lead is spirally wound around the encapsulation, and a polyester film and a non-woven fabric are wound around the lead as turn-to-turn insulation during winding; winding a polyvinyl chloride film and non-woven fabrics outside the layer of wires after the wires are wound, and taking the non-woven fabrics as interlayer insulation among different layers of coils;
the method for laying the sensing optical fiber of the intelligent dry-type reactor is characterized in that according to a modeling simulation result, the hottest point at the radial position in the encapsulation appears at the innermost coil, and the sensing optical fiber is obtained to be laid between the two coils at the innermost layer in the encapsulation; if the number of the coils is odd, the sensing optical fibers are laid outside the central coil; the hottest spot is positioned at the position of 80% upwards of the bottom of the encapsulation when the encapsulation is in a steady state in the axial direction, and the number of turns of the sensing optical fiber is at least twice that of the coil according to the simulation result, so that the hot spot position and the rapid temperature rise position randomly occurring when the turn-to-turn short circuit occurs can be accurately detected; when the optical fibers are laid, the winding direction of the optical fibers is the same as the winding direction of the coil, the optical fibers are laid in parallel, more than two sensing optical fibers are distributed outside each turn of wire in the coil laid by the optical fibers in parallel, and favorable conditions are provided for follow-up vibration event identification and temperature and strain monitoring.
4. The system-kit external laboratory equipment of claim 1, comprising: the ultra-narrow linewidth laser comprises an ultra-narrow linewidth laser, a pulse signal generator, a photoelectric modulator, a coupler, a circulator, an external optical fiber, a data acquisition card for acquiring return signals, a direct-current stabilized power supply for supplying power to the data acquisition card and each photoelectric module, a remote client connected with the data acquisition card, and a data processing and identifying program.
5. The intelligent reactor event identification and temperature and strain monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein: the vibration event identification method comprises the steps of restoring and identifying a vibration event by utilizing the relation between a Rayleigh scattering trace and vibration on an optical fiber along line based on a phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometer of back Rayleigh scattering; the temperature and strain monitoring method based on the Brillouin frequency shift utilizes the fiber temperature and the linear relation between the strain and the Brillouin frequency shift to finish the demodulation of the strain and the temperature.
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| CN117433587A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-23 | 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 | Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method |
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| CN117433587A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-23 | 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 | Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method |
| CN117433587B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-19 | 江苏南方通信科技有限公司 | Symmetrical-structure multi-parameter weak grating sensing optical cable, sensing system and measuring method |
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