CN202786141U - Dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained-flow gasification furnace - Google Patents

Dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained-flow gasification furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202786141U
CN202786141U CN2012204255364U CN201220425536U CN202786141U CN 202786141 U CN202786141 U CN 202786141U CN 2012204255364 U CN2012204255364 U CN 2012204255364U CN 201220425536 U CN201220425536 U CN 201220425536U CN 202786141 U CN202786141 U CN 202786141U
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China
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furnace
pulverized coal
gasification
vaporizer
nozzle
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2012204255364U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
俞伟伟
吕俊复
杨海瑞
张海
刘青
沈解忠
李俊
韦志平
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Tsinghua University
Wuxi Huaguang Boiler Co Ltd
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Tsinghua University
Wuxi Huaguang Boiler Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal gasification equipment and relates to a dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained-flow gasification furnace, which comprises a top nozzle, a furnace roof, a gasification chamber, an exhaust port and a bottom deslagging port, wherein the top nozzle adopts an annular passage structure provided with inner and outer rotational-flow blades; at least one layer of corner tangential O2 nozzles is placed on the side wall of the gasification chamber; pulverized coal airflow and water vapor are fed in a swirling way through the top nozzle and form pulverized coal airflow rotating downwards in the furnace roof area; pure oxygen is fed through the corner tangential O2 nozzles on the side wall of the gasification chamber and forms tangential high-speed rotating airflow in a near-wall area; and the film type gasification of pulverized coal particles is performed on a liquid slag film formed on the surface of a furnace wall under the action of centrifugal force of the high-speed rotating airflow. The dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained-flow gasification furnace effectively prolongs the service life of the nozzle, increases the residence time of pulverized coal in the furnace, and improves the carbon conversion rate; the formed liquid slag stays on the wall surface, so as to effectively protect the furnace wall; and the multiple layers of the corner tangential O2 nozzles effectively disperse thermal load, so as to improve the operational reliability of the gasification furnace.

Description

A kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace
Technical field
The utility model relates to the cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace and reaches, and particularly a kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace belongs to the coal gasification apparatus technical field.
Background technology
Coal gasification is the basis of the process industrials such as the coal-based chemicals production of development, Coal-based Liquid Fuel (synthetic oil, methyl alcohol, dme etc.), synthetic natural gas (SNG), IGCC generating, hydrogen manufacturing, fuel cell, direct reduction iron making and polygenerations systeme, is common techniques, gordian technique and the leading technology of these industries.Coal gasifying process generally is divided into three kinds of moving-bed (being also referred to as fixed bed), fluidized-bed and air flow bed.This wherein, entrained flow bed gasification technology is large because having treatment capacity, the main development direction that efficiency of carbon conversion is high, the cold gas efficiency advantages of higher has become modern Coal Gasification Technology.
The feeding manner of air-flow bed coal-gasification has two kinds: coal water slurry formula and dry pulverized coal formula.The Typical Representative of dry coal powder airflow bed gasification technology has shell (Shell), Pu Lunfuluo (Prenflo) and Hitachi's vapourizing furnace etc., with respect to the coal water slurry charging, the coal adaptability of dry coal powder gasification is stronger, and gasification temperature is higher in the stove, cold gas efficiency advantages of higher and obtain fast development.Typical dry coal powder airflow bed gasification furnace mainly is comprised of nozzle, furnace roof, vaporizer, venting port and slag-drip opening etc. as shown in Figure 1, through the nozzle on the coal dust autopneumatolysis stove top that super-dry and powder process are processed by N 2(or CO 2) carry and enter vapourizing furnace, with O 2In vapourizing furnace, react together with water vapour.Coal dust enters vapourizing furnace by having gone through the main process such as pyrolysis and volatile combustion, coal-char combustion gasification reaction and gasification reduction reaction.The raw gas that generates is collected after overcooling, dedusting, desulfurization, is discharged by slag-drip opening after the cooling of liquid lime-ash process, the fragmentation.
Entrained flow gasification has two principal features, and the one, operating temperature is higher, is about 1300~1600 ℃, and the lime-ash that forms in stove is for liquid, and its deslagging mode is slag tap; The another one characteristics are in vapourizing furnace, in order to protect the furnace wall material and to reduce thermosteresis, adopt " with the slag anti-slag " technology, i.e. the liquid slag that gasification produces sticks to the surface, furnace wall and forms the slag film, utilizes the little characteristics of its thermal conductivity as refractory liner.
From practical operation situation, also there is the subject matter of following two aspects at present in entrained flow bed gasification technology.On the one hand, because nozzle exit dry pulverized coal and O 2The combustion oxidation thermopositive reaction occurs, and causes gasification burner tip not long work-ing life.The burner life-span of dry coal dust gasification furnace generally only had about 1 year, much smaller than the work-ing life of the average 4-5 of burner of pulverized coal firing boiler.On the other hand, the dry coal powder gasification technology adopts the water-cooled inwall in conjunction with " with the slag anti-slag " technology, because fluctuation of load easily causes the slag film that forms at wall to go wrong, brings serious threat for the work safety of vapourizing furnace.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace, when not reducing the entrained flow gasification economy, solve existing dry coal dust gasification furnace the nozzle not long and unsettled problem of liquid slag film in work-ing life, improve the working reliability of coal gasification course.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace, comprise vaporizer, be positioned at the furnace roof on vaporizer top, the top jet nozzle that is positioned at furnace roof top, the venting port that is arranged in the vaporizer bottom and bottom slag-drip opening, it is characterized in that: described top jet nozzle adopts annular channel structure, arrange the inward eddy blade at interior passageway, outside the outer eddy flow blade of access arrangement; Described vaporizer sidewall is arranged at least one deck quadrangle tangential circle O along short transverse 2Nozzle.
Furnace roof described in the utility model adopts semisphere, and described vaporizer adopts cylindrical, and described bottom slag-drip opening adopts conical.
The utlity model has following technique effect: the coal dust that 1. ejects from top jet nozzle is not owing to there is O 2The combustion-supporting heat release of can not burning, lower at the nozzle exit jet temperature, effectively protect top jet nozzle not to be burned.The hybrid position of coal dust jet and oxygen jet and cross jet structure can be optimized by the flow field definite, realize that flexibility ratio is larger; 2. coal dust becomes spiral motion along the furnace wall, is subjected to the impact of wall liquid slag viscous force, and motion slowly, greatly prolonged the residence time in stove, wall place flow line speed is the highest simultaneously, and the gas-solid mixing heat and mass is strong, is conducive to improve the efficiency of carbon conversion of pulverized coal particle gasification; 3. the liquid slag that forms behind the coal dust gasification will directly rest on the wall, effectively protect the furnace wall not encroached on by heat infringement and the chemical corrosion of high-temperature acidic gas, improve the job security of vapourizing furnace; 4. quadrangle tangential circle O 2Nozzle divides one deck or multilayer to arrange along short transverse, can effectively disperse thermal load, forms uniform temperature field in furnace, has improved the vapourizing furnace working reliability.The cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace can effectively solve the problem that current pulverized coal gasification furnace is in operation and exposes, and is keeping the high efficiency reliability that improves simultaneously coal gasification course of airflow bed gasification furnace.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing typical dry coal powder airflow bed gasification furnace structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace embodiment that the utility model proposes.
Fig. 3 is top swirl nozzle synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is breeze airflow movement locus synoptic diagram in the spherical furnace roof.
Fig. 5 is sidewall quadrangle tangential circle O 2Nozzle arrangements and rotating jet synoptic diagram.
Fig. 6 is breeze airflow movement locus synoptic diagram in the vaporizer.
Mark among the figure: 1-top jet nozzle; The 2-furnace roof; The 3-vaporizer; The 4-venting port; 5-bottom slag-drip opening; 6a-inward eddy blade; The outer eddy flow blade of 6b-; 7-quadrangle tangential circle O 2Nozzle.
Embodiment
Further specify principle of the present utility model, structure and embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace that the utility model provides comprises vaporizer 3, is positioned at the furnace roof 2 on vaporizer top, the top jet nozzle 1 that is positioned at furnace roof top, the venting port 4 that is arranged in the vaporizer bottom and bottom slag-drip opening 5.Described top jet nozzle 1 is a swirl nozzle, as shown in Figure 3, adopts annular channel structure, arranges inward eddy blade 6a at interior passageway, outside the outer eddy flow blade 6b of access arrangement; Described vaporizer sidewall is arranged at least one deck quadrangle tangential circle O along short transverse 2Nozzle 7.
Coal dust is by N 2Or CO 2(depending on the requirement of the follow-up flow process of vapourizing furnace) carries, inward eddy blade 6a by circular channel in the top jet nozzle 1 enters furnace roof 2, water vapour enters furnace roof 2 by outer eddy flow blade 6b, and breeze airflow and water vapour form downward breeze airflow (as shown in Figure 4) in the top of gasification furnace zone.
On vaporizer 3 sidewalls, along short transverse at least one deck quadrangle tangential circle O is installed 2Nozzle 7, on the vaporizer cross section, quadrangle tangential circle O 2Nozzle is uniform four (as shown in Figure 5) along the circumferential direction; Gasification O 2By the quadrangle tangential circle O on described vaporizer 3 sidewalls 2Nozzle 7 tangentially enters vaporizer, quadrangle tangential circle O 2The angled vaporizer that enters of jet in the nozzle and diametric(al), the jet extended line of nozzle intersects inscribed circle, forms one powerful swirling eddy at the vaporizer near-wall region.This rotational flow field makes breeze airflow generation deflection and is entrainmented near the vaporizer wall, depends on wall and becomes from up to down slowly motion of spiral trajectory, as shown in Figure 6.During the hot operation of vapourizing furnace, can form one deck slag film at barrel.After breeze airflow entered vaporizer 3, the pulverized coal particle that particle diameter is larger was separated from the air-flow of high speed rotating, through high-temperature zone drying and pyrolysis, was constantly thrown to the slag film of barrel under the effect of centrifugal force.Along with flowing and rapidly heating of slag blanket, and the high speed of secondary air eddy flow washes away, and coal dust, pure oxygen and water vapor be the generating gasification reduction reaction under hot conditions, produces synthetic gas.The raw gas that final gasification generates is discharged vaporizer by described venting port 4, and the lime-ash of generation is discharged vapourizing furnace by bottom slag-drip opening 5.
With respect to the conventional air bed gasification furnace, a kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace that the utility model proposes, owing to adopted coal dust by the charging of top jet nozzle eddy flow, pure oxygen is by the quadrangle tangential circle O of vaporizer sidewall 2Top jet nozzle place coal dust and O have been avoided in the design of nozzle tangential admission 2The burning thermopositive reaction efficiently solves the not long problem of dry coal powder airflow bed gasification furnace nozzle life.Utilize the centrifugal action of high speed rotating jet pulverized coal particle to be separated and constantly thrown on the liquid slag film of melting, so that the liquid slag blanket of vaporizer wall is stable, effectively protected the furnace wall not encroached on by heat infringement and the chemical corrosion of high-temperature acidic gas.Become the coal dust of spiral motion to move under the effect of liquid slag viscous force slowly along wall, greatly increased the residence time in vapourizing furnace, wall gas-particle heat transfer mass transfer is strong simultaneously, has improved the efficiency of carbon conversion of pulverized coal particle gasification.The dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace that the utility model proposes solves the problem of existing dry coal dust gasification furnace when not reducing the entrained flow gasification economy, improve the working reliability of coal gasification course.

Claims (3)

1. dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace, comprise vaporizer (3), be positioned at the furnace roof (2) on vaporizer top, the top jet nozzle (1) that is positioned at furnace roof top, the venting port (4) that is arranged in the vaporizer bottom and bottom slag-drip opening (5), it is characterized in that: described top jet nozzle (1) adopts annular channel structure, arrange inward eddy blade (6a) at interior passageway, outside the outer eddy flow blade (6b) of access arrangement; Described vaporizer sidewall is arranged at least one deck quadrangle tangential circle O along short transverse 2Nozzle (7).
2. a kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described furnace roof (2) employing semisphere.
3. a kind of dry pulverized coal cyclonic air flow bed gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described vaporizer (3) adopts cylindrical, and described bottom slag-drip opening (5) adopts conical.
CN2012204255364U 2012-08-24 2012-08-24 Dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained-flow gasification furnace Expired - Fee Related CN202786141U (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102796566A (en) * 2012-08-24 2012-11-28 清华大学 Dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained flow bed gasification furnace and gasification method thereof
CN103627440A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-03-12 神华集团有限责任公司 Rotational-flow dry coal powder gasifier
CN103725327A (en) * 2014-01-21 2014-04-16 杭州全合科技有限公司 Gasification entrained-flow bed coal powder gasification furnace and gasification method of micro-positive pressure air
CN104498100A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-08 华东理工大学 Gasifier and application thereof, and gasification method of carbonaceous matters
CN105779014A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-07-20 上海锅炉厂有限公司 J-shaped entrained-flow gasifier
CN108753371A (en) * 2018-08-08 2018-11-06 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 A kind of high-temperature burner

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102796566A (en) * 2012-08-24 2012-11-28 清华大学 Dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained flow bed gasification furnace and gasification method thereof
CN102796566B (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-05-07 清华大学 Dry pulverized coal cyclone entrained flow bed gasification furnace and gasification method thereof
CN103627440A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-03-12 神华集团有限责任公司 Rotational-flow dry coal powder gasifier
CN103725327A (en) * 2014-01-21 2014-04-16 杭州全合科技有限公司 Gasification entrained-flow bed coal powder gasification furnace and gasification method of micro-positive pressure air
CN103725327B (en) * 2014-01-21 2015-02-04 杭州全合科技有限公司 Gasification entrained-flow bed coal powder gasification furnace and gasification method of micro-positive pressure air
CN104498100A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-08 华东理工大学 Gasifier and application thereof, and gasification method of carbonaceous matters
CN104498100B (en) * 2014-12-18 2017-04-05 华东理工大学 A kind of gasification furnace and its application, the gasification process of carbonaceous material
CN105779014A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-07-20 上海锅炉厂有限公司 J-shaped entrained-flow gasifier
CN105779014B (en) * 2016-05-17 2018-09-14 上海锅炉厂有限公司 J-type airflow bed gasification furnace
CN108753371A (en) * 2018-08-08 2018-11-06 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 A kind of high-temperature burner
CN108753371B (en) * 2018-08-08 2024-03-08 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 High-temperature combustor

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CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20130313

Termination date: 20170824

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee