CN202710208U - Photonic crystal optical fiber refractive index temperature sensor and measurement system - Google Patents
Photonic crystal optical fiber refractive index temperature sensor and measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202710208U CN202710208U CN201220338902.2U CN201220338902U CN202710208U CN 202710208 U CN202710208 U CN 202710208U CN 201220338902 U CN201220338902 U CN 201220338902U CN 202710208 U CN202710208 U CN 202710208U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a photonic crystal optical fiber refractive index temperature sensor and a measurement system, which take a single-mode optical fiber as an optical signal input/output optical fiber, take a photonic crystal optical fiber as a sensor probe, and use an ellipsoid air chamber formed by the collapse of a cladding air hole of the photonic crystal optical fiber and the sensor probe to compose a composite Fabry-Perot cavity. The photonic crystal optical fiber refractive index temperature sensor and the measurement system disclosed by the utility model do not need to carry out corrosion or lithography on an optical fiber, is convenient to manufacture, can measure the refractive index and temperature simultaneously, is small in signal noise, high in system sensitivity and good in reliability; and a sensing system is not affected by stray light.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor and measuring system thereof, particularly photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor and measuring system.
Background technology
Refractive index is a kind of base attribute of material, change along with the variation of ambient temperature, concentration, density, pressure etc., so the measurement of refractive index has important practical significance.Traditional measuring method has the Abbe refractometer instrument, laser irradiation and Mechanical Study On Young Interference method etc.But these traditional refractometers are not suitable at a distance, use in the small size field.The refringence of fiber core and covering has determined numerical aperture, thereby affects the loss of optical fiber.The numerical aperture of optical fiber is subjected to the modulation of temperature, and namely the light collecting light ability of optical fiber is subjected to the modulation of environment temperature, after the photodetector system demodulation, can obtain the temperature value of measured object.Optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor varies with temperature the principle that can cause transmission light energy loss variation according to the fibre cladding refractive index and makes.Fibre Optical Sensor has the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of not being subject to, simple in structure, size is little, be applicable to the rugged surroundings such as inflammable and explosive ..., these advantages make it substitute gradually traditional large volume refractometer.
Optical fibre Fabry-perot (F-P) interference sensor,, the advantages such as precision high, good stability good reliability, resolution height strong by means of its anti-electromagnetic interference capability are used widely in fields such as strain, pressure, vibration, acceleration, temperature, refractometries.Extrinsic type Fabry-perot optical fiber interference sensor is a kind of Fabry-perot optical fiber interferometer that is most widely used, and its interference cavity is made of the solid dielectric (such as the quartz glass tube of hollow) of air or other non-optical fiber, and optical fiber only plays the effect of optical transmission medium.It not only has all advantages of Fibre Optical Sensor, and can overcome the Intrinsical optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor to all directions strain sensitive and the larger shortcoming of temperature influence.
When the refractive index of the interference cavity of extrinsic type fibre-optical F-P sensor changes, thereby its phase place will change and cause the drift of interference fringe, therefore pass through to detect the side-play amount measurement gas of wavelength or the refractive index of liquid, and then realize treating the temperature sensing sensing of testing environment.Yet the F-P chamber vulnerable to pollution of this sensor, this brings certain difficulty for its Measurement accuracy of application.Recently a kind of fiber F-P index sensor of the 157nm of utilization laser instrument processing occurred, this sensor has overcome the problem of temperature cross sensitivity.But its complex manufacturing process, and in demodulating process, need to remove low-frequency modulation signal, reduced measuring accuracy.Another kind is made of photonic crystal fiber two ends and general single mode fiber welding based on the refractive index of photonic crystal fiber and the F-P chamber of temperature sensor, and cut an end single-mode fiber with femto-second laser and form approximately that the lid of 20 μ m prevents that fluid to be measured from entering the F-P chamber, this sensor interferometer striped does not have low frequency modulations, so that measure more accurate.But the use of femto-second laser has increased cost of manufacture and has made complicacy, and directly surveys the measurement range that temperature is measured in wavelength shift because the long chamber length of 2.3mm has limited to utilize.
The utility model content
For addressing the above problem, the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model and measuring system, simple in structure, microminiaturized, easy to make, be applicable to the rugged surroundings such as inflammable and explosive, also have simultaneously signal noise little, system sensitivity is high, the advantage of good reliability.
The disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, comprise the light signal input-output optical fiber that single-mode fiber is made, the sensor probe that photonic crystal fiber is made and air chamber between the two, described light signal input-output optical fiber one end is connected by optical fiber splicer is coaxial with sensor probe one end, and the joint face place that the airport of the covering by photonic crystal fiber is collapsed upon light signal input-output optical fiber and sensor probe forms the air chamber of elliposoidal, the front end face of the sensor probe that forms behind two surfaces, front and back of air chamber and the cutting and grinding forms three reflectings surface of composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity, the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber
1Be 10-20 μ m, the distance L of the front end face of described air chamber and the front end face of sensor probe
2Be 100-250 μ m, the radius-of-curvature on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber is all greater than L
1
A kind of improvement of the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of air chamber
1Be 10-15 μ m.
Another improves the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, the distance L of the front end face of air chamber and the front end face of sensor probe
2Be 100-150 μ m.
Another improves the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of air chamber
1Be 10-15 μ m, the distance L of the front end face of air chamber and the front end face of sensor probe
2Be 100-150 μ m.
The measuring system of the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, comprise sensing assays instrument, photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, circulator and computing machine, the sensing assays instrument connects circulator F port and output scanning laser, the G port of circulator is connected with the sensor probe of described photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, the H port of circulator is connected with sensing assays instrument input port, the output terminal of sensing assays instrument is connected to computing machine, and sensor probe places fluid to be measured.
By the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, method for making and measuring system, by utilizing general single mode fiber and photonic crystal fiber to form the composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity, the detection effect of sensor and the accuracy rate of detection have been improved.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the photonic crystal fiber end view drawing that this sensor uses;
Fig. 2 is based on the refractive index of photonic crystal fiber and the structural drawing of temperature sensor probe;
Fig. 3 is based on the refractive index of photonic crystal fiber and the micrograph of temperature sensor probe;
Fig. 4 is based on the refractive index of photonic crystal fiber and the structural representation of temperature-sensing system;
Fig. 5 is the reflected light spectrogram of this sensor in air, water, ethanol and glycerine;
Fig. 6 is the spectrogram of the reflectance spectrum of this sensor in air, water, ethanol and glycerine after the frequency domain conversion;
Fig. 7 is the liquid refractivity of this sensor measurement and the graph of a relation of parameter A R;
Fig. 8 be this sensor in air, the reflected light spectrogram when temperature is respectively 24 ℃, 66 ℃ and 95 ℃;
Fig. 9 is the temperature of this sensor measurement and the graph of a relation of trough wavelength;
Figure 10 is the temperature of this sensor measurement and the graph of a relation of parameter A R.
Reference numerals list:
2-1, incident light source; 2-2, light signal input-output optical fiber; 2-3, sensor probe;
2-4, joint face; 2-5, air chamber; 1, sensing assays instrument;
2, circulator; 3, computing machine
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the utility model, should understand following embodiment and only be used for explanation the utility model and be not used in restriction scope of the present utility model.
Extremely shown in Figure 10 such as Fig. 1, the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, comprise the light signal input-output optical fiber 2-2 that single-mode fiber is made, the sensor probe 2-3 that photonic crystal fiber is made and air chamber 2-5 between the two, described light signal input-output optical fiber 2-2 one end is connected by optical fiber splicer is coaxial with sensor probe 2-3 one end, and the joint face 2-4 place that the airport of the covering by photonic crystal fiber is collapsed upon light signal input-output optical fiber and sensor probe forms the air chamber 2-5 of elliposoidal, the front end face of the sensor probe 2-3 that forms behind two surfaces, front and back of air chamber 2-5 and the cutting and grinding forms three reflectings surface of composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity, the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber 2-5
1Be 10-20 μ m, the distance L of the front end face of the front end face of described air chamber 2-5 and sensor probe 2-3
2Be 100-250 μ m, the radius-of-curvature on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber 2-5 is all greater than L
1As the joint face 2-4 of a kind of preferred light signal input-output optical fiber 2-2 and sensor probe 2-3 be perpendicular to fiber axis to.
As a kind of preferred, the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of air chamber 2-5
1Be 10-15 μ m.
As a kind of preferred, the distance L of the front end face of the front end face of air chamber 2-5 and sensor probe 2-3
2Be 100-150 μ m.
As a kind of preferred, the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of air chamber 2-5
1Be 10-15 μ m, the distance L of the front end face of the front end face of air chamber 2-5 and sensor probe 2-3
2Be 100-150 μ m.
The measuring system of the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, comprise sensing assays instrument 1, photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, circulator 2 and computing machine 3, sensing assays instrument 1 connects F port and the output scanning laser of circulator 2, the G port of circulator 2 is connected with the sensor probe 2-3 of described photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, the H port of circulator 2 is connected with sensing assays instrument 1 input port, the output terminal of sensing assays instrument 1 is connected to computing machine 3, and sensor probe 2-3 places fluid to be measured.
Principle of the present utility model is based on the terminal Fresnel reflection of sensor probe and quartzy thermal expansion and thermo-optic effect, and this sensor can be measured refractive index and temperature simultaneously by the frequency domain components scale parameter AR of measurement composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity interference signal and the skew of trough wavelength.
Referring to Fig. 2, photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the present utility model by a general single mode fiber (such as SMF) and a photonic crystal fiber (such as SM-7.0, end view drawing is referring to Fig. 1) the light signal input-output optical fiber 2-2 and the sensor probe 2-3 that make respectively consist of, and an end of two optical fiber connects with the certain parameter welding with optical fiber splicer.Splicing parameter is: gap 50 μ m, and fritting time 0.2s, fritting electric current 5mA, welding current 7.5mA, weld time 650ms, z axle push-in stroke 15 μ m append discharge current 7mA, append 650ms discharge time, append discharge 2 times.Because part photonic crystal fiber covering airport subsides, form little spheroid shape air chamber 2-5 between two optical fiber, cut and grind away the part that photonic crystal fiber does not subside, form compound F-P chamber; It is three reflectings surface in compound F-P chamber that the front and rear surfaces that two end faces of photonic crystal fiber and general single mode fiber are air chamber and grinding form reflecting surface, and these three reflectings surface consist of two chamber length and are respectively L
1And L
2The physics chamber.The incident light of incident light source enters sensor again after the other end reflection through air chamber 2-5 and sensor probe 2-3 by light signal input-output optical fiber 2-2, and 2-2 returns by the light signal input-output optical fiber.
Fig. 3 is the refractive index that forms under previously described welding condition of SMF and SM-7.0 type photonic crystal fiber and the microphoto of temperature sensor probe.Thisly may further comprise the steps based on the refractive index of photonic crystal fiber and the method for making of temperature sensor:
(1) with optical fiber cutter cutting general single mode fiber and photonic crystal fiber, the photonic crystal fiber SM-7.0 type that the photonic crystal fiber of using in this experiment provides for Yangtze Optical Fiber and Cable Company Ltd, its end face as shown in Figure 1, core diameter is 7.0 μ m, mode field diameter 3.9 μ m 1550nm protect the cutting end face;
(2) be Furukawa FITEL S176 with optical fiber splicer, an end of well cutting end face is carried out welding, photonic crystal fiber should be slightly away from electrode during welding.Splicing parameter: gap 50 μ m, fritting time 0.2s, fritting electric current 5mA, welding current 7.5mA, weld time 650ms, z axle push-in stroke 15 μ m append discharge current 7mA, append 650ms discharge time, append discharge 2 times.In the welding of the rear fusion point edge of discharge, and the center is because the air of discharging that subsides of part photonic crystal fiber covering airport forms the spheroid shape air chamber, as shown in Figure 3;
(3) photonic crystal fiber is not subsided part cutting and grind to form level and smooth reflecting surface forms compound dual F-P and interferes.
The long L in composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity chamber of made photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor in the concrete experiment
1Be the arbitrary value among 10 μ m or 13 μ m or 15 μ m and the 10-15 μ m, L
2It is the arbitrary value among 100 μ m or 120 μ m or 135 μ m or 150 μ m and the 100-150 μ m.
The formation of the measuring system of photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor as shown in Figure 4.The scan laser source of sensing assays instrument 1Si720 output wavelength 1510nm-1590nm is from the F port of output port A by optical fiber F1 input circulator 2, and wavelength resolution and precision are respectively 0.25pm and 1pm.The light that sensing assays instrument 1 sends arrives the sensor probe 2-3 of photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor through G port and one section optical fiber F2 of circulator 2.In sensor probe 2-3, the composite algorithm Fabry-Perot interference occurs, the interference signal light that returns is transferred to sensing assays instrument 1 input port D by H port and the optical fiber F3 of circulator 2.The interference signal spectroscopic data that sensing assays instrument 1 obtains is sent into computing machine 3, processes the skew that the interference signal spectroscopic data obtains scale parameter AR and the trough wavelength of spectrum component by computing machine 3, and shows refractive index and the temperature of fluid to be measured.
Fig. 5 is when room temperature is 24 ℃, the reflected light spectrogram of this sensor probe in air, water, ethanol and glycerine, and its refractive index is respectively at 1550nm: 1.000,1.318,1.3539 and 1.4604.The complete a kind of solution of every survey all cleans and dries up the another kind of solution to be measured of rear measurement with distilled water.As can be seen from the figure, the sensor interferometer fringe contrast of made reduces with the increase of fluid to be measured refractive index, but the phase place of interference fringe does not change.
Fig. 6 is room temperature when being 24 ℃, the spectrogram of the reflectance spectrum of this sensor probe in air, water, ethanol and glycerine after the frequency domain conversion.As can be seen from the figure, the value of peak2 obviously reduces with the increase of fluid to be measured refractive index, but the value of peak1 does not have to change substantially.The scale parameter AR of spectrum component is defined as the amplitude ratio of peak2 and peak1.
When room temperature is 24 ℃, the sensor probe 2-3 of made is placed the sucrose solution of variable concentrations, and duplicate measurements 3 times.With the Abbe refractometer instrument sucrose solution refractive index is demarcated.Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation of the scale parameter AR of the liquid refractivity of this sensor measurement and spectrum component.As can be seen from the figure, refractive index is in 1.332 to 1.45 scopes, and parameter A R reduces with the increase of fluid to be measured refractive index, and sensitivity is 5.68/RI, and resolution is 1.2 * 10-5, and repeatability is ± 0.5%FS.Be that 1.45 places have a turning point in refractive index, the scale parameter AR of spectrum component increases with the increase of fluid to be measured refractive index, this be since when the fluid to be measured refractive index equals quartzy refractive index interference fringe have half-wave loss.
In the experimentation, sensor probe 2-3 is placed constant temperature oven, the temperature that changes constant temperature oven makes it be raised to gradually 95 ℃ from 24 ℃, is cooled to 24 ℃ again, repeats twice.Variation by spectrometer Real-Time Monitoring interference fringe, and the data of record during different temperatures, Fig. 8 is that sensor probe 2-3 is in air, reflected light spectrogram when temperature is respectively 24 ℃, 66 ℃ and 95 ℃, Fig. 9 is the temperature of this sensor measurement and the graph of a relation of trough wavelength, and Figure 10 is the temperature of this sensor measurement and the graph of a relation of parameter A R.As can be seen from the figure, when the temperature rising, the trough wavelength is 15pm/ ℃ of skew to long wavelength's direction take sensitivity, repeatability ± 0.1%FS, and the scale parameter AR of spectrum component does not have to change substantially.
Based on the terminal Fresnel reflection of sensor probe and quartzy thermal expansion thermo-optic effect, refractive index and temperature are measured in the scale parameter AR of the spectrum component that this sensor can be by measuring composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity interference signal and the skew of trough wavelength simultaneously.The sensitivity of made sensor refraction rate is 5.68/RI in the concrete experiment, and refractive index resolution is 1.2 * 10-5, repeatability ± 0.5%FS; Temperature control is 15pm/ ℃, repeatability ± 0.1%FS.
The disclosed sensor of the utility model has the superiority of general Fibre Optical Sensor, is not subject to electromagnetic interference (EMI), the full fiberize of sensor, simple in structure, microminiaturized, easy to make, be applicable to the rugged surroundings such as inflammable and explosive.In addition, also have a lot of unique advantages as: (1) utilizes the tested refractive index of frequency domain conversion demodulation, because the high-contrast of sensor reflectance spectrum is so that this sensor is realized the high resolving power refractive index sensing; (2) sensing demodulating system is not subjected to the impact of parasitic light.Because what this sensor-based system was measured is the interference spectrum signal, and parasitic light and flashlight do not satisfy coherent condition.Therefore, parasitic light does not affect measurement result.(3) by measuring the interferometric phase skew, can measure simultaneously temperature.Because the variation of temperature can not affect frequency domain components scale parameter AR, so not impact of the measurement of its refractive index.
The measuring system of the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model, comprise sensing assays instrument, photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, circulator and computing machine, the sensing assays instrument connects circulator F port and output scanning laser, the G port of circulator is connected with the sensor probe of described photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, the H port of circulator is connected with sensing assays instrument input port, the output terminal of sensing assays instrument is connected to computing machine, and sensor probe places fluid to be measured.
By the disclosed photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor of the utility model and measuring system, form the composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity by utilizing general single mode fiber and photonic crystal fiber, improved the detection effect of sensor and the accuracy rate of detection.
The disclosed technological means of the utility model scheme is not limited only to the disclosed technological means of above-mentioned technological means, also comprises the technical scheme that is comprised of above technical characterictic combination in any.
Claims (5)
1. photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, it is characterized in that: described photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor comprises the light signal input-output optical fiber that single-mode fiber is made, the sensor probe that photonic crystal fiber is made and air chamber between the two, described light signal input-output optical fiber one end is connected by optical fiber splicer is coaxial with sensor probe one end, and the joint face place that the airport of the covering by photonic crystal fiber is collapsed upon light signal input-output optical fiber and sensor probe forms the air chamber of elliposoidal, the front end face of the sensor probe that forms behind two surfaces, front and back of air chamber and the cutting and grinding forms three reflectings surface of composite algorithm Fabry-Perot-type cavity, the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber
1Be 10-20 μ m, the distance L of the front end face of described air chamber and the front end face of sensor probe
2Be 100-250 μ m, the radius-of-curvature on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber is all greater than L
1
2. photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber
1Be 10-15 μ m.
3. photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance L of the front end face of described air chamber and the front end face of sensor probe
2Be 100-150 μ m.
4. photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the distance L on two surfaces, front and back of described air chamber
1Be 10-15 μ m, the distance L of the front end face of described air chamber and the front end face of sensor probe
2Be 100-150 μ m.
5. application rights requires the measuring system of 1 described photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, it is characterized in that: comprise the sensing assays instrument, photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, circulator and computing machine, described sensing assays instrument connects circulator F port and output scanning laser, the G port of described circulator is connected with the sensor probe of described photon crystal optical fibre refractivity temperature sensor, the H port of described circulator is connected with sensing assays instrument input port, the output terminal of described sensing assays instrument is connected to computing machine, and described sensor probe places fluid to be measured.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102778306A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-11-14 | 南京信息工程大学 | Refractive index and temperature sensor of photonic crystal fiber, manufacturing method and measuring system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102778306A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-11-14 | 南京信息工程大学 | Refractive index and temperature sensor of photonic crystal fiber, manufacturing method and measuring system |
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