A kind of crop rhizosphere soils regulating system
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of crop rhizosphere soils regulating system, relates in particular to the water, fertilizer, gas of crop rhizosphere soils in a kind of booth, the regulating system of heat.
Background technology
Generally, the growth of crops is subjected to the impact of several factors, wherein, follows the impact of water, fertilizer, gas, these factors of heat of the rhizosphere soil of crop growth extremely outstanding.The crop rhizosphere soils temperature is excessively low, and the root system of crops is Absorption of nourishment fully, yields poorly thereby cause, and simultaneously, oligotrophy is also easily brought out multiple diseases, and then the production of crop is suffered a loss; Soil temperature is too high, is unfavorable for the growth of crop, thereby also causes the output of crop and quality to reduce.Moreover crop root part is to mutually restriction between the demand of moisture and its breathing, and for example, on the one hand, obtaining high yield needs moisture sufficient; On the other hand, the growth of the beneficial microorganism such as root and azotobacter all needs the soil conservation relatively dry could obtain more breathe air.
At present, for satisfying people's life need of production, Planting Crops is extensively implemented in various places in greenhouse, booth, in the process of growth of these crops, the cultivating and growing person regulates mainly for temperature, moisture and fertilizer, wherein, the heating systems such as heating boiler, hot-blast stove are regulated effectively interior space temperature, but regulate limited to soil temperature; The employing of the irrigation technique such as drip irrigation and infiltrating irrigation can effectively solve moisture and fertilizer supply problem, but long-term stability in use is poor, is prone to the faults such as obstruction, seepage, thereby the growth of crop is had a strong impact on, simultaneously, also very easily cause the crop rhizosphere poor aeration, and then cause Severe Reduction.So far also do not have can be effectively the influence factors such as the water of soil especially crop rhizosphere soils, fertilizer, gas, heat to be carried out the device of comprehensive regulation, therefore, need badly and develop equipment and the relevant effective measures that address the above problem.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is, problem for the prior art existence, a kind of crop rhizosphere soils regulating system is provided, crop rhizosphere soils in greenhouse or the booth is carried out comprehensive adjustment, especially carry out comprehensive adjustment and control in water, fertilizer, gas, heat aspect these, reach high stability control to the plant growth optimum condition with low cost.
The technical scheme that the utility model is dealt with problems is: a kind of crop rhizosphere soils regulating system is provided, comprise and fill with fertile device, irrigation device, temperature adjustment air interchanger, the fertile device of described filling comprises the fertile device of interconnective storage, fertilizer-conveying device, described irrigation device comprises interconnective water storage device, water delivery device, described temperature adjustment air interchanger comprises blower fan, air delivery device, wherein, described fertilizer-conveying device, water delivery device, air delivery device share main delivery pipe and minute conveyance conduit, and conveyance conduit was connected with described main delivery pipe in described minute.
Further, the two ends of described main delivery pipe are respectively arranged with the first main control valve and the second main control valve, and the main delivery pipe between described the first main control valve and the second main control valve is connected with described minute conveyance conduit; The two ends of described minute conveyance conduit are respectively arranged with first minute control valve and second minute control valve; Further, be provided with a plurality of delivery outlets on the tube wall of described minute conveyance conduit; Conveyance conduit had a plurality of in described minute.
Further, described fertilizer-conveying device comprises the fertilizer delivering pipe road, described fertilizer delivering pipe road is connected with described main delivery pipe, described fertilizer delivering pipe is provided with the solution filter in the road, be provided with solution pipage control valve on the described fertilizer delivering pipe road, described solution filter is arranged between described solution pipage control valve and the first main control valve; Described water delivery device comprises aqueduct, described aqueduct is connected with described main delivery pipe, be provided with water filtering device in the described aqueduct, be provided with water pipage control valve on the described aqueduct, described water filtering device is arranged between described water pipage control valve and the first main control valve; Described air delivery device comprises gas pipeline, described gas pipeline is connected with described main delivery pipe, be provided with gas-filtering device in the described gas pipeline, described gas-filtering device is arranged in the main delivery pipe of contiguous described the second main control valve, and departs from mutually with a nearest minute conveyance conduit.
Further, be loose joint between described solution filter and the described fertilizer delivering pipe road; Be loose joint between described water filtering device and the described aqueduct.
Further, take loose joint, short circuit or mode that both combine to be connected between described minute conveyance conduit and the described main delivery pipe; Described the first main control valve is triple valve; Described solution filter is screen pack; Described water filtering device is screen pack; Described gas-filtering device is air cleaner; Described blower fan is high pressure positive blower.
Further, the aperture of described delivery outlet is 0.1mm to 3mm; The diameter of described minute conveyance conduit is 3cm to 10cm; The diameter of described main delivery pipe is 5cm to 20cm, and concrete setting will arrange according to crop distribution and soil behaviour in service.
The utility model also provides a kind of method that aforesaid crop rhizosphere soils regulating system is carried out the soil adjusting of using, and comprises the steps:
(1) under the soil of kind of plant, buries a minute conveyance conduit underground;
(2) regulate by filling with fertile device soil nutrient component, regulate the moisture of soil, temperature and air content by temperature adjustment air interchanger adjusting soil by irrigation device, wherein,
When regulating the nutrient component of soil, at first in the fertile device of storage, add the solution of preparing, make solution enter main delivery pipe by fertilizer-conveying device, enter again a minute conveyance conduit and carry respectively;
When regulating the moisture of soil, at first in water storage device, add irrigation water, make irrigation water enter main delivery pipe by water delivery device, enter again a minute conveyance conduit and carry respectively;
When the temperature of adjusting soil and air content, at first start blower fan, make extraneous air enter main delivery pipe by air delivery device, enter again a minute conveyance conduit and carry respectively.
Further, in step (2), described solution is introduced into the fertilizer delivering pipe road of fertilizer-conveying device, the solution filter that arranges in the solution pipage control valve that arranges on the fertilizer delivering pipe road successively again, the fertilizer delivering pipe road, the first main control valve on the main delivery pipe be laggard to enter main delivery pipe, enter described minute conveyance conduit through first minute control valve again, flowed out by the delivery outlet on minute conveyance conduit tube wall, enter soil, regulate nutrient component formation in the soil; Described irrigation water is introduced into the aqueduct of water delivery device, the water filtering device that arranges in the water pipage control valve that arranges on aqueduct successively again, the aqueduct, the first main control valve on the main delivery pipe be laggard to enter main delivery pipe, enter described minute conveyance conduit through first minute control valve again, flowed out by the delivery outlet on minute conveyance conduit tube wall, enter soil, regulate the moisture in the soil; Described extraneous air is introduced into the gas pipeline of air delivery device, the second main control valve through being positioned at main delivery pipe one end enters gas-filtering device, enter after filtering main delivery pipe, enter described minute conveyance conduit through first minute control valve again, flowed out by the delivery outlet on minute conveyance conduit tube wall, enter soil, regulate temperature and the air content of soil.
Further, also comprise step (3), after regulating the nutrient component and/or the moisture by irrigation device adjusting soil of soil by filling with fertile device, in soil, pass into extraneous air by described temperature adjustment air interchanger; Pass into a certain amount of air with certain pressure and temperature, can be beneficial to and satisfy crop to the demand of air, also make the crop rhizosphere temperature adjusted, simultaneously, Liquid Residue in each conveyance conduit is in time purged, also make the delivery outlet on each minute conveyance conduit tube wall obtain dredging, make to form an insulating space between soil and the delivery outlet, thus effectively pre-anti-clogging.
Further, in step (1), 5-20cm buries at the place a minute conveyance conduit underground under the soil of kind of plant, further, the 5-20cm place buries a minute conveyance conduit underground under every 1-3 row crop soil, and the character that needs according to the crops of reality plantation, soil specifically is set requires and other actual conditions are determined.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: rationally novel in design, with the comprehensive regulation of simple structure realization to soil in greenhouse or the booth, especially at water, fertilizer, gas, the heat comprehensive regulation aspect these, can reach the particularly high stability control of the optimum condition of crop rhizosphere growth of plant growth, a kind of novel soil no-tillage technology is provided, and, effects of energy conservation and environmental protection is remarkable, Financial cost is low, is suitable for applying in various relevant proportion of crop planting cultivation field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model crop rhizosphere soils regulating system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model crop rhizosphere soils regulating system in using.
Shown in the figure: 1-stores up fertile device; The 2-water storage device; The 3-blower fan; The 4-main delivery pipe; 5-divides conveyance conduit; 6-the first main control valve; 7-the second main control valve; First minute control valve of 8-; Second minute control valve of 9-; 10-fertilizer delivering pipe road; 11-solution pipage control valve; The 12-aqueduct; 13-water pipage control valve; The 14-gas pipeline; The 15-delivery outlet; The 16-crop.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of crop rhizosphere soils regulating system, comprise and fill with fertile device, irrigation device, temperature adjustment air interchanger, the fertile device of described filling comprises the fertile device 1 of interconnective storage, fertilizer-conveying device, described irrigation device comprises interconnective water storage device 2, water delivery device, described temperature adjustment air interchanger comprises blower fan 3, air delivery device, and wherein, described fertilizer-conveying device, water delivery device, air delivery device share main delivery pipe 4 and minute conveyance conduit 5 that is connected; The two ends of main delivery pipe 4 are respectively arranged with the first main control valve 6 and the second main control valve 7, and the main delivery pipe 4 between the first main control valve 6 and the second main control valve 7 is connected with a minute conveyance conduit 5; Divide the two ends of conveyance conduit 5 to be respectively arranged with first minute control valve 8 and second minute control valve 9; Described fertilizer-conveying device comprises fertilizer delivering pipe road 10, fertilizer delivering pipe road 10 is connected with main delivery pipe 4, be provided with solution filter (not shown) in the fertilizer delivering pipe road 10, be provided with solution pipage control valve 11 on the fertilizer delivering pipe road 10, described solution filter is arranged between described solution pipage control valve 11 and the first main control valve 6; Described water delivery device comprises aqueduct 12, aqueduct 12 is connected with main delivery pipe 4, be provided with the water filtering device (not shown) in the aqueduct 12, be provided with water pipage control valve 13 on the aqueduct 12, described water filtering device is arranged between water pipage control valve 13 and the first main control valve 6; Described air delivery device comprises gas pipeline 14, gas pipeline 14 is connected with main delivery pipe 4, be provided with the gas-filtering device (not shown) in the gas pipeline 14, described gas-filtering device is arranged in the main delivery pipe 4 of contiguous the second main control valve 7, and departs from mutually with a nearest minute conveyance conduit 5.
In above-described embodiment:
The mode of taking loose joint and short circuit to combine between minute conveyance conduit 5 and the main delivery pipe 4 is connected, be loose joint between described solution filter and the fertilizer delivering pipe road 10, be loose joint between described water filtering device and the aqueduct 12, loose joint namely is flexibly connected, be convenient to keep in repair and the cleaning of each filter, short circuit is beneficial to prolongation or the shortening of carrying out pipeline according to actual conditions;
Minute conveyance conduit 5 has 4, is provided with a plurality of delivery outlets 15 on each minute conveyance conduit 5 the tube wall, and these delivery outlets 15 all process by laser engine, when being convenient to the uniformly dispersing gas liquid, also being beneficial to and preventing obstruction; Divide first minute control valve 8 at conveyance conduit 5 two ends and the setting of second minute control valve 9 that the flow of liquid in the pipeline can be regulated and control according to demand;
Blower fan 3 is high pressure positive blower, is convenient to input pressure-air in pipeline, and then is beneficial to the minimizing blockage of the micro orifice;
The first main control valve 6 is triple valve; Described solution filter is screen pack, described water filtering device is screen pack, described gas-filtering device is air cleaner, the setting of these filters can barrier gas, the solid impurities such as sandstone in the liquid enter main delivery pipe 4, thereby further effectively avoid the conveyance conduit silting, it is unimpeded that solution, irrigation water, air etc. are flowed in pipeline;
The aperture of described delivery outlet 15 is 0.1mm to 3mm; Dividing the diameter of conveyance conduit 5 is 3cm to 10cm; The diameter of main delivery pipe 4 is 5cm to 20cm.
As shown in Figure 2, use the utility model crop rhizosphere soils regulating system and carry out the method that soil is regulated, comprise the steps:
(1) the 5-20cm place buries a minute conveyance conduit underground under the soil of per 2 row kind plants 16;
(2) pass through to fill with temperature and the air content that fertile device is regulated the nutrient component of soil, regulated soil by the moisture of irrigation device adjusting soil, by the temperature adjustment air interchanger, wherein, when regulating the nutrient component of soil, at first in the fertile device 1 of storage, add the solution of preparing, make solution enter main delivery pipe 4 by fertilizer-conveying device, enter again each minute conveyance conduit 5 respectively conveyings; When regulating the moisture of soil, at first in water storage device 2, add irrigation water, make irrigation water enter main delivery pipe 4 by water delivery device, enter again each minute conveyance conduit 5 respectively conveyings; When the temperature of adjusting soil and air content, at first start blower fan 3, make extraneous air enter main delivery pipe 4 by air delivery device, enter again each minute conveyance conduit 5 respectively conveyings.
(3) after regulating the nutrient component and/or the moisture by irrigation device adjusting soil of soil by filling with fertile device, in soil, pass into extraneous air by the temperature adjustment air interchanger.
As shown in Figure 2, in above-mentioned steps (2):
Described solution is introduced into the fertilizer delivering pipe road 10 of fertilizer-conveying device, enter main delivery pipe 4 through solution pipage control valve 11, solution filter, the first main control valve 6 are laggard successively again, enter minute conveyance conduit 5 through first minute control valve 8 again, flowed out by the delivery outlet 15 on minute conveyance conduit 5 tube walls, enter soil, regulate nutrient component formation in the soil;
Described irrigation water is introduced into the aqueduct 12 of water delivery device, enter main delivery pipe 4 through water pipage control valve 13, water filtering device, the first main control valve 6 are laggard successively again, enter minute conveyance conduit 5 through first minute control valve 8 again, flowed out by the delivery outlet 15 on minute conveyance conduit 5 tube walls, enter soil, regulate the moisture in the soil;
Described extraneous air is introduced into the gas pipeline 13 of air delivery device, enter gas-filtering device through the second main control valve 7, enter after filtering main delivery pipe 4, enter minute conveyance conduit 5 through first minute control valve 8 again, flowed out by the delivery outlet 15 on minute conveyance conduit 5 tube walls, enter soil, regulate temperature and the air content of soil.
The utility model crop rhizosphere soils regulating system is arranged in greenhouse or the booth, carry out the regulation and control of water, fertilizer, gas heat according to the actual conditions needs, when the soil lack of water, close the fertile device of described filling and temperature adjustment air interchanger, open described irrigation device, the moisture of carrying out in the soil is regulated; Nutrient component lacks in soil, when crop need to be applied fertilizer, closes described irrigation device and temperature adjustment air interchanger, opens the fertile device of described filling, and the nutrient component of carrying out in the soil consists of adjusting; Air content in needs adjusting soil temperature or soil when improving crop root breathing and growth conditions, is closed the fertile device of described irrigation device and filling, opens described temperature adjustment air interchanger, carries out temperature and the air content of soil and regulates.Particularly in the winter time, opening blower fan daytime can the Effective Raise soil temperature, is beneficial to strengthen the crop root vigor, in summer, opens blower fan night and can effectively reduce soil temperature, is beneficial to the protection that strengthens crop root; When the damage by disease and insect that is unfavorable for crop growth is arranged in the soil, according to kind, quantity and the degree of damage by disease and insect, can carry by the temperature adjustment air interchanger and drive away the gas that destroys plant diseases and insect pests, perhaps, drive away the liquid that destroys plant diseases and insect pests by the irrigation device conveying.
After the liquid such as each solution, irrigation water, agricultural chemicals are carried, all in pipeline, pass into a certain amount of air with certain pressure by the temperature adjustment air interchanger, can be beneficial to and satisfy crop to the demand of air, simultaneously, Liquid Residue in each conveyance conduit is in time purged, also make the delivery outlet on each minute conveyance conduit tube wall obtain dredging, thus effectively pre-anti-clogging.
The utility model crop rhizosphere soils regulating system realizes the sub-irrigation of liquid, the water supply fertilizer is for medicine near the rhizosphere of the crop below the earth's surface, fully satisfy the absorption demand of crop, and keep upper soll layer dry, thereby reach when fully avoiding water, fertilizer, medicine evaporation or volatilization to waste, effectively reduce the air humidity of greenhouse, booth, and then reduced the generation of Various Diseases insect pest, the cut loss rate improves output and the quality of crop.
Using the utility model crop rhizosphere soils regulating system controls effective adjusting of the aspects such as the water of soil, fertilizer, gas, heat, can according to plant growth particularly the crop rhizosphere growth needs optimum condition is provided, and the stability of a system is high, be combined with mulch film and can realize that 3-5's is no-tillage, and regulate and control convenient and swift, effects of energy conservation and environmental protection is remarkable, and Financial cost is low, significantly improves output and the quality of crop.
The utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, those skilled in the art make to any apparent improvement of above-mentioned embodiment or change, can not exceed the protection domain of design of the present utility model and claims.