CN202420711U - Device for monitoring temperature of cable tunnel optical fiber on line - Google Patents
Device for monitoring temperature of cable tunnel optical fiber on line Download PDFInfo
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- CN202420711U CN202420711U CN201120502572.1U CN201120502572U CN202420711U CN 202420711 U CN202420711 U CN 202420711U CN 201120502572 U CN201120502572 U CN 201120502572U CN 202420711 U CN202420711 U CN 202420711U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for monitoring the temperature of a cable tunnel optical fiber on line. The device comprises a light path coupler which is connected with a broadband light source (BBS), an optical filter and a thermostatic bath respectively, wherein the thermostatic bath is connected with a sensing optical fiber which is connected to a tunnel cable; the optical filter is connected with a light receiver; the light receiver is connected with a data acquiring and processing module; the data acquiring and processing module is connected with a computer; and the BBS is connected with the computer. The device has the advantages of reasonable structure, simplicity in operation, safety, reliability, in-time monitoring, accurate judgment and the like. Due to the adoption of an advanced optical time domain reflection technology and a characteristic of temperature sensitivity of Raman scattered light, the device detects temperature changes along different positions of the optical fiber, improves accuracy and universality of monitoring results, realizes systematic, comprehensive and accurate monitoring on an electric power cable, and fundamentally eliminates influence of environment and electromagnetic interferences on measurement results, so that the device is an ideal and special supporting device, which is used for monitoring the temperature of the cable tunnel optical fiber on line, for monitoring electric power cables in real time in a power supply network.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the supply network online measuring technique, more particularly is the cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device about in supply network, oil pipe network, tunnel, dam and the main equipment pipeline, cable being monitored in real time.
Background technology
Because it is underground that high voltage power cable is layed in, behind the long-play maintenance usually not in place, add the influence of factors such as environment temperature; The defective position of part tends to heating, and electric current is big more, and temperature raises fast more; Heat generating spot resistance increases, thereby produces more heat, makes resistance further increase; Temperature continues to raise, and forms vicious cycle.If untimely discovery and processing cause on fire or blast the most at last, cause circuit to damage, but serious initiation fire and large-area power outage.This phenomenon seems particularly general in the area faster in load growth.
At present; Temperature monitoring to the significant points of power cable such as joint etc. mainly still goes to measure by manual work; Telemeasurement is carried out with infrared ray or laser thermodetector in the scene of for example regularly sending someone; Mainly there is following problem in the method for this manual measurement: 1. monitoring periods is long, and many local heating phenomenons can not get in time finding and handling; 2. monitoring range is restricted, can only the detection streamer joint, can't partly monitor the power cable that is enclosed in the pipeline; 3. detect with analysis and judgement and undertaken by manual work, therefore influenced by human factor bigger for detection and analysis result; 4. infrared ray or laser thermodetector price are often relatively more expensive, receive capital effect, and it is universal and the popularization difficulty is bigger.
In recent years; ABB, Siemens and more domestic manufacturers have also developed some high voltage power cable temperature monitoring equipment successively; But from applicable cases; Effect is bad, mainly shows the following aspects: the technological difficulties that 1. high-tension isolation is the high voltage power cable temperature monitoring system also are key problem in technology.Existing temperature monitoring method mainly adopts thermocouple, thermal resistance, semiconductor temperature sensor equitemperature sensing element to realize; These temperature sensors are not the temperature of directly measuring charged object generally; And need through the plain conductor transmission signals; Sensor itself with and signal transmission passage receive the influence of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and environment bigger, can't guarantee insulating property, thereby can't guarantee the accuracy of monitoring result; 2. traditional temperature monitoring ubiquity sensor bulk is bigger than normal, difficult installation, be subject to environment and peripheral electromagnetic field interference, need manually-operated, realize the problem such as with high costs of on-line monitoring; Especially can't on the whole piece power cable, install; The temperature monitoring of the part joint of sub-fraction power cable can only be realized, the system of whole power cables, comprehensive, accurately monitoring can't be realized; 3. existing power cable temperature monitoring system or equipment; The overwhelming majority be electric power primary equipment manufacturer develop to own product monitoring equipment; Function singleness, versatility is poor, and operative norm is chaotic; And, be difficult to popularize and promote with supervisory system interface such as power transformation comprehensive automation difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of ability and eliminate above-mentioned shortcoming; Have rational in infrastructure, simple to operate, safe and reliable, monitoring in time, the cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device of accuracy of judgement, characteristics such as cost is low, efficient is high, good stability; Especially adopt advanced optical time domain reflection technology and the thermally sensitive characteristic of Raman scattered light; Detect along the variation of temperature of optical fiber diverse location; Improve the accuracy and the versatility of monitoring result, realized the system of power cable, comprehensive and accurate monitoring; Adopt sensor fibre to make detector; Fundamentally eliminated the influence of environment and electromagnetic interference (EMI) to measurement result; Possess advantages such as explosion-proof, lightning protection, anticorrosion, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), can be used for high-tension cable, belt feeder, oil, pipe leakage, tunnel fire hazard detection, dam safety monitoring etc.The temperature information of this system acquisition does not receive electromagnetic interference (EMI) through optical signal transmission, moisture proof, and transmission range is long, and loss is little, also is prone to expansion; It is the special-purpose assorted device of cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring of in the desirable supply network power cable being monitored in real time.
The cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device of the utility model comprises light path coupler; Light path coupler is connected with BBS, optical filter and calibration cell respectively, and wherein, calibration cell is connected with the sensor fibre that is connected to tunnel cable; Optical filter is connected with photoreceiver; Photoreceiver is connected with processing module with data acquisition, and data acquisition is connected with computing machine with processing module, and BBS is connected with computing machine.Said BBS comprises semiconductor laser, and BBS is connected with light path coupler through the laser instrument tail optical fiber, and BBS is output optical pulse under computer control.Said light path coupler is the light pulse that input end receives BBS output, and its output connects calibration cell, through calibration cell light pulse output is sent to sensor fibre.Said light path coupler is that the Raman scattering that the sensor fibre scattering is returned is optically coupled to optical filter; From Raman scattered light, leach stokes light and anti-Stokes light through optical filter; Receive stokes light and anti-Stokes light by photoreceiver, and carry out opto-electronic conversion and processing and amplifying, the signal after output is handled; This signal is sampled by data acquisition and processing module and is handled, and goes out temperature through COMPUTER CALCULATION.This system principle is optical time domain reflectometer principle and optical fiber back to the Raman scattering temperature effect that utilizes optical fiber, that is: when a light pulse when an end-fire of optical fiber is gone into optical fiber, this light pulse meeting is propagated forward along optical fiber; Every bit in the air all can produce reflection, and a fraction of reflected light is arranged among the reflection, and its direction is in the opposite direction with incident light just in time; The temperature of the reflection spot in this retroreflection light intensity and the light has certain relation; That is to say that the retroreflection light intensity can reflect the temperature of reflection spot; The retroreflection light intensity is measured in utilization, calculates the temperature of reflection spot.
Said BBS (referring to " light source ", i.e. " luminaire ") is used for output optical pulse under computer control; Said light path coupler is used to receive the light pulse of said BBS output, exports to calibration cell; Said calibration cell is used for sensor fibre is exported in said light pulse;
Said light path coupler is used for the Raman scattering that said sensor fibre scattering is returned is optically coupled to optical filter; Said optical filter is used for leaching stokes light and anti-Stokes light from said Raman scattered light; Said photoreceiver is respectively applied for and receives said stokes light and anti-Stokes light, and carries out opto-electronic conversion and processing and amplifying, the signal after output is handled; Said data acquisition and processing module are used for the signal of said photoreceiver output is sampled and handled the data-signal after output is handled; Said computing machine is used for the data-signal according to said data acquisition and processing module output, calculates temperature.
Further, said BBS also comprises semiconductor laser, and said BBS is connected with said light path coupler through the laser instrument tail optical fiber.
The ultimate principle of this institute of system foundation is the distributed fiber temperature sensing principle; It mainly utilizes the optical time domain reflectometer of optical fiber, and (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, be called for short: OTDR) principle and optical fiber is back to Raman scattering (Raman scattering) temperature effect.Specifically, when a light pulse when an end-fire of optical fiber is gone into optical fiber, this light pulse meeting is propagated forward along optical fiber.Because of the similar minute surface of optical fiber inwall, so light pulse every bit in the air all can produce reflection, a fraction of reflected light is arranged among the reflection, its direction is in the opposite direction with incident light just in time.The temperature of the reflection spot in this retroreflection light intensity and the light has certain relation.The temperature of reflection spot (the residing environment temperature of optical fiber) is high more, and catoptrical intensity is also big more.That is to say that the retroreflection light intensity can reflect the temperature of reflection spot.Utilize this phenomenon, if energy measurement goes out the retroreflection light intensity, just can calculate the temperature of reflection spot, this is a ultimate principle of utilizing the optical fiber measurement temperature.
The cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device that the utility model provides; Adopt advanced optical time domain reflection technology and the thermally sensitive characteristic of Raman scattered light; Detect along the variation of temperature of optical fiber diverse location; Improve the accuracy and the versatility of monitoring result, realized the system of power cable, comprehensive and accurate monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring apparatus structure synoptic diagram
Fig. 2: Raman scattering frequency displacement synoptic diagram among Fig. 1
Among the figure: 11-BBS, 12-light path coupler, 13-calibration cell, 14-optical filter 15-photoreceiver, 16-data acquisition and processing module, 17-computing machine.
Embodiment
Further specify the structure of the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device as shown in the figure is realized the ultimate principle of temperature-monitoring function institute foundation: the ultimate principle of this institute of system foundation is the distributed fiber temperature sensing principle; It mainly utilizes the optical time domain reflectometer of optical fiber, and (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer, be called for short: OTDR) principle and optical fiber is back to Raman scattering (Raman scattering) temperature effect.Specifically, when a light pulse when an end-fire of optical fiber is gone into optical fiber, this light pulse meeting is propagated forward along optical fiber.Because of the similar minute surface of optical fiber inwall, so light pulse every bit in the air all can produce reflection, a fraction of reflected light is arranged among the reflection, its direction is in the opposite direction with incident light just in time.The temperature of the reflection spot in this retroreflection light intensity and the light has certain relation.The temperature of reflection spot (the residing environment temperature of optical fiber) is high more, and catoptrical intensity is also big more.That is to say that the retroreflection light intensity can reflect the temperature of reflection spot.Utilize this phenomenon, if energy measurement goes out the retroreflection light intensity, just can calculate the temperature of reflection spot, Here it is utilizes the ultimate principle of optical fiber measurement temperature.
Fig. 2 is Raman scattering frequency displacement synoptic diagram among the present invention.When frequency is that the laser of ν 0 incides in the optical fiber; It constantly produces the back scattering light wave in the transmission forward in optical fiber; Except a center spectral line identical with incident light frequency ν 0 is arranged, also exist (ν 0-Δ ν) and (ν 0+ Δ ν) two spectral lines in its both sides in these back scattering light waves.Wherein the center spectral line is the Rayleigh scattering spectral line; Low frequency one side frequency is that (ν 0-Δ ν), wavelength are that the spectral line of λ s is called Stokes (Stokes) line; Referring to the D among Fig. 1; High frequency one side frequency is that (ν 0+ Δ ν), wavelength are the spectral line of λ a, is called anti-Stokes (Anti-stokes) line, referring to the C among Fig. 1.In addition, the A among Fig. 1 is the incoming signal line, and B is a brillouin line.
Theoretical according to Raman scattering, under natural Raman scattering condition, the catoptrical light intensity of two bundles is relevant with temperature.Influences such as loss for the instability of eliminating laser tube output, fibre-optical bending, joint; Improve the thermometric accuracy; In system design, adopt binary channels dual wavelength method relatively, as shown in Figure 1; Promptly stokes light and anti-Stokes light are gathered respectively, utilized the ratio demodulation temperature signal of both intensity.Because anti-Stokes light is more sensitive to temperature, therefore, as signalling channel, stokes light is as the comparison passage with anti-Stokes light, and then between the two strength ratio is:
In formula (1), λ s and λ a are respectively the wavelength of stokes light and anti-Stokes light; H is a Planck's constant; C is the light velocity in the vacuum; K is a Boltzmann constant; ν o is the incident light frequency; T is an absolute temperature.
Can find out that from formula (1) R (T) is relevant with temperature T, and irrelevant with light intensity, incident condition, fiber geometries size and optical fiber composition.Therefore, by surveying behind anti-Stokes and the Stokes measurement that can realize temperature to the ratio of Raman scattering light intensity.In addition, utilize the OTDR technology, can also monitor the trouble spot of optical fiber and the position of breakpoint according to the loss of laser backscatter signal in optical fiber, and then know that cable break for information about.Wherein Raman scattering is because the thermal vibration of optical fiber molecule; It can produce one than the long stokes light of BBS ripple and an anti-Stokes light shorter than BBS wavelength every of optical fiber; Optical fiber receives extraneous thermal effect; Anti-Stokes light intensity in the optical fiber changes; Through measuring frequency displacement, Stokes light intensity Is and the anti-Stokes light intensity Ia of Raman scattered light, to eliminate influences such as aging decay of non-temperature effect such as optical fiber and torsional deformation, can calculate the temperature of measured point through orthogonalization process.Can demarcate fiber lengths according to emission incident pulse light with the mistiming that receives Raman scattered light, realize the location of measured point.Suppose to detect the Raman scattered light that from section i produce at the incident end through ti after second behind the laser pulse input optical fibre, then section i and incident end apart from xi is:
xi=c?ti/2n
In the following formula, c is a light velocity of propagation in a vacuum; N is the refractive index of fiber medium.
According to above-mentioned test philosophy, the invention provides a kind of cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring system.Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cable tunnel one embodiment of optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring system provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 1, this system comprises light path coupler 12, and light path coupler 12 is connected with BBS11, optical filter 14 and calibration cell 13 respectively; Said calibration cell 13 is connected with the sensor fibre that is connected to tunnel cable, and said optical filter 14 is connected with photoreceiver 15, and said photoreceiver 15 is connected with processing module 16 with data acquisition, and data acquisition is connected with computing machine 17 with processing module 16; Said BBS11 also is connected with said computing machine 17
BBS11 is used for output optical pulse under the control of computing machine 17; Light path coupler 12 is used to receive the light pulse of BBS11 output, exports to calibration cell 13; Calibration cell 13 is used for sensor fibre is exported in light pulse.
Further, BBS11 also comprises semiconductor laser, and BBS11 is connected with light path coupler 12 through the laser instrument tail optical fiber.
Specifically; Under the control of computing machine 17; BBS produces a heavy current pulse, and this current impulse drives semiconductor laser and produces powerful light pulse, and in the injection laser tail optical fiber; To pass through light path coupler 12 backs from the light pulse of laser instrument tail optical fiber output and get into one section optical fiber (being used for system calibrating) that is placed on the calibration cell 13, get into sensor fibre then.
When scattering takes place in laser in sensor fibre after; The Raman's rear orientation light that carries temperature information will turn back in the light path coupler 12; Light path coupler 12 not only can couple directly to sensor fibre with the light pulse that BBS11 produces, but also can the Raman scattering that is different from emission wavelength that scattering is returned be optically coupled to optical filter 14.Optical filter 14 leaches stokes light and anti-Stokes light; Carry out opto-electronic conversion and amplification during two ways of optical signals process photoreceiver 15; Carry out the high-speed data sampling and convert digital quantity into by data acquisition and processing module 16 then; Through signal is further handled (raising signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)), send into computing machine 17 and carry out temperature calculation at last.
Can obtain according to formula (1):
For fixing temperature (it is
that calibration cell is demarcated temperature), then have:
Can obtain according to formula (2) and (3):
Therefore; After temp measuring system is demarcated; Through measuring R (T); Utilize the ratio
of the light intensity under the known temperature
;, just can confirm to the travel-time of light wave according to the back along the temperature value of each measurement point of optical fiber.
The cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device that the foregoing description provides utilizes optical fiber to realize sensing and signal transmission; Adopt advanced OTDR technology and the thermally sensitive characteristic of Raman scattered light; Detect along the variation of temperature of optical fiber diverse location, measuring distance is several kilometers scope, and sterically defined resolution reaches 1 meter; Can carry out uninterrupted automatic measurement, as power cable, need be specially adapted to the application scenario of multimetering on a large scale.This system adopts sensor fibre to make detector; Itself is not charged; Fundamentally eliminated the influence of environment and electromagnetic interference (EMI) to measurement result; Have advantages such as essence is explosion-proof, lightning protection, anticorrosion, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), can be used for high-tension cable, belt feeder, oil, pipe leakage, tunnel fire hazard detection, dam safety monitoring etc.The temperature information of this system acquisition does not receive electromagnetic interference (EMI) through optical signal transmission, moisture proof, though transmission range is long, loss is little.This system stability and reliability are good, also are prone to expansion.
The present invention has utilized advanced optical time domain reflection technology and the thermally sensitive characteristic of Raman scattered light well; Detect along the variation of temperature of optical fiber diverse location; The accuracy and the versatility of monitoring result have been improved widely; Lower the management and the use cost of electrical network, realized the system of power cable, comprehensive and accurate monitoring.
Claims (4)
1. a cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device is characterized in that this system comprises light path coupler, and light path coupler is connected with BBS, optical filter and calibration cell respectively; Wherein, Calibration cell is connected with the sensor fibre that is connected to tunnel cable, and optical filter is connected with photoreceiver, and photoreceiver is connected with processing module with data acquisition; Data acquisition is connected with computing machine with processing module, and BBS is connected with computing machine.
2. cable tunnel as claimed in claim 1 optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device is characterized in that said BBS comprises semiconductor laser, and BBS is connected with light path coupler through the laser instrument tail optical fiber, and BBS is output optical pulse under computer control.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device is characterized in that said light path coupler is the light pulse that input end receives BBS output, and its output connects calibration cell, through calibration cell light pulse output is sent to sensor fibre.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 cable tunnel optical fiber on-line temperature monitoring device; It is characterized in that said light path coupler is that the Raman scattering that the sensor fibre scattering is returned is optically coupled to optical filter; From Raman scattered light, leach stokes light and anti-Stokes light through optical filter; Receive stokes light and anti-Stokes light by photoreceiver, and carry out opto-electronic conversion and processing and amplifying, the signal after output is handled; This signal is sampled by data acquisition and processing module and is handled, and goes out temperature through COMPUTER CALCULATION.
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| CN201120502572.1U CN202420711U (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2011-12-06 | Device for monitoring temperature of cable tunnel optical fiber on line |
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| CN201120502572.1U CN202420711U (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2011-12-06 | Device for monitoring temperature of cable tunnel optical fiber on line |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106500868A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-15 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Dykes and dams and the dykes and dams monitoring internal temperature system based on distribution type fiber-optic |
| CN111722068A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | High-voltage cable monitoring system and method |
-
2011
- 2011-12-06 CN CN201120502572.1U patent/CN202420711U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106500868A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-15 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Dykes and dams and the dykes and dams monitoring internal temperature system based on distribution type fiber-optic |
| CN111722068A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-09-29 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | High-voltage cable monitoring system and method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120905 Termination date: 20141206 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |