CN109595470B - Distributed pipeline detection method - Google Patents
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- CN109595470B CN109595470B CN201910036897.6A CN201910036897A CN109595470B CN 109595470 B CN109595470 B CN 109595470B CN 201910036897 A CN201910036897 A CN 201910036897A CN 109595470 B CN109595470 B CN 109595470B
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed pipeline detection method, which comprises the following steps: receiving pipeline detection information of a distributed detection pipeline based on a cloud server, wherein the pipeline detection information is generated by optical signal receiving and sending equipment arranged on a pipeline main body after being collected based on a distributed optical fiber sensor; and the cloud server analyzes the pipeline state based on the pipeline detection information and shows the pipeline state to a user. According to the distributed pipeline detection method and system, data analysis is performed on each distributed pipeline based on the cloud server, the data summarization capacity is high, and the monitoring on the pipelines is more comprehensive; the optical signal transceiver is only responsible for collecting the pipeline detection information, data processing is carried out on the cloud server, the resource requirement of the optical signal transceiver is low, the cost of the distributed pipeline is low, and large-scale popularization and use are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pipeline monitoring, in particular to a distributed pipeline detection method.
Background
In the traditional pipeline monitoring field, most underground equipment such as a water pipeline, a sewage pipeline and the like is monitored and maintained in a mode of regular manual maintenance. In the process of city construction, as the number of ground buildings is increased, the monitoring and maintenance cost of underground equipment such as water pipelines, sewage pipelines and the like is higher and higher; furthermore, as the size and complexity of the pipeline network increases, the workload of manual monitoring and maintenance increases dramatically. Therefore, a method and a system for monitoring a pipeline with lower monitoring cost and lower operation difficulty are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a distributed pipeline detection method which has the characteristics of good monitoring information summarizing effect, low pipeline monitoring cost, low construction difficulty and the like.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a distributed pipeline detection method, which comprises the following steps:
receiving pipeline detection information of a distributed detection pipeline based on a cloud server, wherein the pipeline detection information is generated by optical signal receiving and sending equipment arranged on a pipeline main body after being collected based on a distributed optical fiber sensor;
and the cloud server analyzes the distributed detection pipeline state based on the pipeline detection information and shows the distributed detection pipeline state to a user.
The distributed pipeline detection method further comprises the following steps:
the cloud server issues a collection starting instruction to a set distributed detection pipeline, and the collection starting instruction is used for triggering the optical signal transceiver to generate the pipeline detection information based on the collection of the distributed optical fiber sensor.
The optical signal transceiver receives the acquisition starting instruction based on a communication module, and transmits pipeline detection information to the cloud server based on the communication module;
the communication module comprises a wireless communication module and a wired communication module, and the wired communication module comprises an optical fiber communication module; the optical fiber communication module is connected with adjacent optical signal transceiving equipment based on the distributed optical fiber sensor;
the distributed detection pipeline sends the pipeline detection information to the cloud server based on the wireless communication module; or the distributed detection pipeline is based on the wired communication module, and pipeline detection information is sent to the cloud server through the adjacent optical signal transceiving equipment.
The method for generating the pipeline detection information by the optical signal transceiving equipment based on the distributed optical fiber sensor comprises the following steps:
controlling an optical signal transmitting module to guide an original optical signal into the distributed optical fiber sensor based on a central control module;
receiving a modulated optical signal in the distributed optical fiber sensor based on an optical signal receiving module;
converting the modulated optical signal into a modulated photoelectric signal based on a photoelectric conversion module;
and receiving the modulated photoelectric signal based on a central control module, wherein the pipeline detection information comprises the modulated photoelectric signal.
The distributed pipeline detection method further comprises the following steps:
the pipeline detection information comprises a fiber bragg grating modulation photoelectric conversion signal, and/or a Rayleigh heat dissipation modulation photoelectric conversion signal, and/or a Brillouin scattering modulation photoelectric signal, and/or a Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal, and/or an anti-Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal.
When the central control module controls the optical signal transmitting module to guide an original optical signal into the distributed optical fiber sensor, the original optical signal is converted into a modulated original optical signal through the photoelectric conversion module and then is sent to the central control module;
the receiving time of the modulation photoelectric signal received by the central control module is based on the time when the modulation original photoelectric signal is received by the central control module, and the pipeline detection information comprises the receiving time of the modulation photoelectric signal received by the central control module.
The cloud server analyzing the distributed detection pipeline state based on the distributed detection pipeline detection information, and displaying the distributed detection pipeline state to a user comprises the following steps:
a distribution schematic diagram of the distributed detection pipeline and a reasonable physical parameter range of the distributed detection pipeline are preset in the cloud server;
converting the detection information of the distributed detection pipeline based on a data processor in the cloud server to obtain real-time physical parameter values of all positions of the distributed detection pipeline;
and comparing the real-time physical parameter value with the physical parameter reasonable range based on a data processor in the cloud server, identifying the position of the real-time physical parameter value exceeding the physical parameter reasonable range, and indicating the position to a user.
The distance between any position of the distributed detection pipeline and the optical signal transceiving equipment is determined based on the transceiving interval time of the optical signal transceiving equipment, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein d is a distance from any position of the distributed detection pipeline to the optical signal transceiving equipment, t is a time interval between the original optical signal transmitting time of the optical signal transceiving equipment and the receiving time of the modulated optical signal, C is a vacuum light velocity, and n is an optical fiber refractive index.
The pipeline detection information comprises a Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal and an anti-Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal; the real-time physical parameter is temperature; the real-time physical parameter value is calculated in the way
R (T) is the temperature at a location of the pipe, IasFor anti-Stokes light intensity, IsIs the intensity of Stokes light, λsIs the Stokes light wavelength, λasIs the anti-stokes light wavelength, h is the planck constant, c is the speed of light in vacuum, mu is the wave number offset, k is the boltzmann constant, and T is the absolute temperature;
the anti-stokes light intensity and the stokes light intensity are generated based on the raman scattering modulated photoelectric signal and the anti-raman scattering modulated photoelectric signal.
According to the distributed pipeline detection method provided by the invention, data analysis is carried out on each distributed pipeline based on the cloud server, the data summarization capability is strong, and the monitoring on the pipeline is more comprehensive; the optical signal transceiver is only responsible for collecting the pipeline detection information, data processing is carried out on the cloud server, the resource requirement of the optical signal transceiver is low, the cost of the distributed pipeline is low, and large-scale popularization and use are facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a distributed pipeline inspection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a fiber backscatter spectral profile;
FIG. 3 shows graphs of OTDR tests corresponding to various states of the fiber;
FIG. 4 shows an OTDR mechanism schematic diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a distributed pipeline detection system architecture in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical signal transceiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a distributed pipeline detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the invention provides a distributed pipeline detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s101: issuing an acquisition starting instruction to optical signal transceiving equipment on a set distributed detection pipeline based on a cloud server;
in an urban pipeline system, the total number of distributed detection pipelines and the number of optical signal transceiving equipment on each distributed detection pipeline are multiple; under ideal conditions, all the optical signal transceiving equipment of the distributed detection pipeline work simultaneously to obtain the working condition of the whole urban pipeline system in real time; in actual operation, limited by resources such as computer resources and network resources, it is impossible to acquire signals from all the distributed detection pipelines and all the optical signal transceiving equipment, and therefore, the activation of each distributed detection pipeline and each optical signal transceiving equipment should be triggered or periodic to save resources.
In the embodiment of the invention, the starting of each distributed detection pipeline and each optical signal transceiver is triggered, and the distributed detection pipelines and each optical signal transceiver are started by issuing an acquisition starting instruction through the cloud server.
Because the optical signal transceiver is arranged on the distributed detection pipeline, the acquisition starting instruction issued by the cloud server is actually sent to the optical signal transceiver.
S102: the optical signal transceiver receives the acquisition starting instruction based on the communication module, and the central control module drives the optical signal transmitting module to transmit an original optical signal to the distributed optical fiber sensor;
in specific implementation, the optical signal transceiver receives an acquisition starting instruction issued by a cloud server through a communication module, and the device starts to work; firstly, the central control module needs to control the optical signal transmitting module to generate an original optical signal and guide the original optical signal into the distributed optical fiber sensor.
Specifically, the optical signal transmitting module comprises a laser generator and a laser modulator, and the laser generator and the laser modulator are controlled by the central control module; through the control of the central control module, the optical signal transmitting module can transmit original optical signals with different optical characteristics such as various frequencies, wavelengths and the like for various light scattering effects.
Meanwhile, in order to enable the timing of the central control module based on the OTDR principle to be more accurate, the embodiment of the invention is to connect an optical splitter at the output end of the laser modulator, the optical splitter has two output ends, namely an external output end and an internal output end, the internal output end is connected with the input end of the photoelectric conversion module, and is converted into a modulated original photoelectric signal by the photoelectric conversion module to be used as the timing reference time of the central control module.
S103: the distributed optical fiber sensor modulates the original optical signal to generate a modulated optical signal;
there are two main types of distributed optical fiber sensors, one is a physical fiber sensor, and the other is a structural fiber sensor.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the physical property type optical fiber sensor converts the physical quantity of the environment into a modulated optical signal by utilizing the sensitivity of the optical fiber to the environmental change, and the working principle of the physical property type optical fiber sensor is based on the optical modulation effect of the optical fiber, namely the optical properties of the optical fiber, such as phase, wavelength, light intensity and the like, can be changed under the influence of external environmental factors, such as temperature, pressure, an electric field, a magnetic field and the like. Therefore, the change condition of the measured physical quantity can be obtained by measuring and calculating the optical phase, wavelength and light intensity of the optical fiber.
The physical fiber sensor simultaneously utilizes the optical fiber as a sensing sensitive element and a transmission signal medium to obtain the physical quantity change condition of the optical fiber at any position according to the optical characteristic change of light transmitted in the optical fiber at different optical fiber positions. Fig. 2 shows a distribution diagram of a fiber backscattering spectrum, specifically, three effects of rayleigh scattering, brillouin scattering and raman scattering occur when a laser pulse interacts with fiber molecules when propagating in a fiber, and the wavelength and the intensity of scattered light have obvious difference, and various lights can be distinguished through the wavelength; three types of sensing technologies are derived based on the principle, namely a sensing technology utilizing backward Rayleigh scattering, a sensing technology utilizing Raman effect and a sensing technology utilizing Brillouin effect; various sensing techniques are described below.
Sensing techniques using backward rayleigh scattering: the main characteristics of Rayleigh scattering are: the rayleigh scattering belongs to elastic scattering, and the frequency of the optical wave is not changed, namely the rayleigh scattering light has the same wavelength as the incident light; the scattered light intensity is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength of the incident light
λ is the wavelength of incident light, and I is the intensity of Rayleigh scattered light; the intensity of the scattered light varies with the viewing direction, and varies from viewing direction to viewing direction, and can be expressed as I (θ) ═ I0(1+cos2Theta), wherein theta is an included angle between the incident light direction and the Rayleigh scattering light direction; i is0Is that
The intensity of the scattered light in the direction; the rayleigh scattered light has a polarization, the degree of polarization of which depends on the angle θ between the scattered light and the incident light.
When the light wave is transmitted forwards in the optical fiber, backward Rayleigh scattered light is continuously generated along the optical fiber, and the power of the Rayleigh scattered light is in direct proportion to the power of the light wave causing scattering; because of loss in the optical fiber, the energy of the optical wave in the optical fiber during propagation is attenuated continuously, so that the rayleigh scattering signals generated at different positions in the optical fiber carry loss information along the optical fiber. Further, since the polarization state of the pre-scattering optical wave is maintained when rayleigh scattering occurs, the rayleigh scattering signal contains information on the polarization state of the optical wave at the same time. Therefore, after the rayleigh scattered light returns to the incident end of the optical fiber, the phenomena such as defects and the like appearing in the optical fiber after the external factors act can be detected by detecting the information such as the power, the polarization state and the like of the rayleigh scattered light, so that the measurement of the relevant parameters such as pressure, bending and the like acting on the optical fiber is realized.
Fig. 3 shows graphs of OTDR tests corresponding to the various states of the fiber. In specific implementation, the principle applied by the OTDR, i.e. the optical time domain reflectometer, is the backward rayleigh scattering principle; assuming that the optical fiber is subjected to non-reflection events such as welding, bending and the like, the OTDR test curve shows attenuation; assuming that the optical fiber has reflection events such as movable connection, mechanical connection, breakage and the like, the OTDR test curve shows attenuation after step; the optical fiber end generates irregular vibration, and the light intensity is close to 0.
The conventional OTDR has the following operation process: the processor sends a driving signal to the light source, the driving light source starts to send a light signal, and timing is started from the moment when the driving signal is sent; leading out the optical signal to the optical fiber after passing through the optical fiber coupler, and generating backward Rayleigh scattering at each point on the optical fiber along with the propagation of the optical signal; the backward Rayleigh scattering light is converted into an electric signal for a processor to process after passing through the optical fiber coupler and the photoelectric converter; the processor judges the optical fiber distance for generating the backward Rayleigh scattering light according to the time of the received backward Rayleigh scattering light; in practical implementation, the photoelectric converter needs a certain conversion time, and the propagation speed of the optical signal in the optical fiber is fast, so that the optical fiber distance measurement and calculation are deviated due to a small time difference.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an OTDR mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment of the invention, a processor drives a light source to emit a light signal, the light signal output by the light source is synchronously output from an external output end and an internal output end through light splitting elements such as an optical splitter, wherein the external output end is connected to an optical fiber through an optical fiber coupler, and the internal output end is connected with the processor after passing through a photoelectric converter and is used as a starting signal of a timing signal; because the starting signal and the ending signal of the timing signal are processed in the same process, the timing is more accurate, and the measurement and calculation of the optical fiber distance are more accurate.
The calculation formula of the fiber distance d is
Where d is the fiber distance, t is the timing time, C is the vacuum speed of light, and n is the fiber refractive index. The raman effect and the brillouin effect described below also need to be calculated by applying the optical fiber distance calculation formula.
Sensing techniques using the raman effect: raman scattering is caused by energy exchange between thermal vibration of fiber molecules and photon interaction, and if a part of light energy is converted into thermal vibration, light with a wavelength longer than that of the light source is emitted, which is called Stokes light; if a portion of the thermal vibration is converted to light energy, a light shorter than the wavelength of the light source will be emitted, referred to as an anti-stokes light. According to the Raman scattering theory, under the condition of spontaneous Raman scattering, Stokes light and temperature do not exist, the intensity of anti-Stokes light changes along with the temperature, and the specific calculation formula is
R (T) is temperature, IasFor anti-Stokes light intensity, IsIs the intensity of Stokes light, λsIs the Stokes light wavelength, λasFor anti-stokes light wavelength, h is the planck constant, c is the speed of light in vacuum, μ is the wavenumber shift, k is the boltzmann constant, and T is the absolute temperature.
In particular, due to the difference in attenuation of the two different wavelengths of light and the difference in response of the detector to the two lights, the influence needs to be eliminated by setting the calibration area. Specifically, the calibration region may be disposed at the front 200m of the optical fiber, and the optical fiber may be placed in an oven as a reference fiber, whose temperature is set to T0Then, then
After the temperature measuring system is calibrated, the temperature measuring system is used for measuring R (T)The temperature values at each measurement point along the fiber can be confirmed.
Sensing techniques using the brillouin effect: brillouin scattering is an inelastic scattering generated by the interaction of optical waves and acoustic waves, and stokes light generated in the scattering process has a frequency shift relative to pump light, which is called brillouin frequency shift, and for common light, the value of the stokes light is about dozens of gigahertz; the power and frequency shift of the brillouin signal is related to the temperature and stress of the optical fibre. Distributed sensing technologies based on brillouin scattering can be divided into two broad categories: stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) based techniques and Spontaneous Brillouin Scattering (spBS) based techniques. Sensors or sensing systems based on analytical techniques generally have better performance because SBS based systems have higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) making signal detection and signal processing simpler, but analytical techniques generally require simultaneous detection from both ends of the fiber; on the other hand, spBS-based reflection techniques require a weak signal and require complicated signal processing methods, but have the advantage that only one end of the fiber needs to be probed and the fiber can still be measured from the probed end to the break point when the fiber breaks. In the specific implementation, there are five implementation modes of BOTDR, BOTDA, BOCDA, BOCDR and BOFDA.
In combination with the optical fiber backscattering spectrum distribution diagram shown in fig. 2, scattered light signals generated by each scattering effect have obvious wavelength difference, various scattered lights are respectively extracted by a wavelength division multiplexer and are subjected to corresponding photoelectric conversion, the purpose of synchronous monitoring or time-sharing monitoring of various scattering effects can be achieved, and equipment resources are greatly saved.
To sum up, the physical property type optical fiber sensor utilizes the optical fiber itself as a sensor, and can detect the working condition of the pipeline main body by arranging the optical fiber on the pipeline main body, and can realize two-dimensional and three-dimensional detection effects on the pipeline main body according to different arrangement forms of the optical fiber.
Example two:
the structural optical fiber sensor detects environmental physical quantity through the optical detection element, the optical detection element can change the optical characteristics of light passing through the optical detection element under the influence of the environmental physical quantity, and the environmental physical quantity of a pipeline can be acquired by capturing corresponding optical signals in the optical fiber through the conduction action of the optical fiber to the light. In the case of using a structural optical fiber sensor, the optical fiber serves only as a propagation medium of light. Specifically, the light detection element may be a light detection element such as a fiber grating, and among them, a fiber bragg grating sensor is most widely used.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fiber grating configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the strain grating sensor changes the wavelength drift of the fiber grating under the influence of external physical conditions, and in specific application, the optical signal characteristics passing through the fiber grating change; the change condition of the optical signal characteristic in the optical fiber is obtained through the optical signal transceiving equipment, and then the external physical condition except the optical fiber grating can be obtained.
In specific implementation, the fiber bragg grating is fragile and is very easy to damage in a severe working environment, so that the fiber bragg grating can be used after being packaged, and the conventional packaging modes mainly comprise a substrate type, a tubular type and a two-end clamping type based on the tubular type.
Particularly, in the application of pipelines, a pressure grating sensor, a strain grating sensor and a temperature grating sensor are mainly applied; the pressure grating sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline main body and used for measuring the pressure of the external environment on the outer wall of the pipeline main body; the strain grating sensor can be embedded between the inner wall and the outer wall of the pipeline main body to acquire the deformation condition of the pipeline main body; the temperature grating sensor can be arranged in the inner wall of the pipeline main body, obtains the change of the water temperature and judges whether the sewage generates dangerous high-temperature chemical reaction.
Since structural fiber optic sensors can only function where the sensor is located, they are typically used in a specific location. In the application of a sewage discharge pipeline, the strain grating sensor can be arranged on a pipeline main body in a high-load area such as the bottom of a highway, the bottom of a mountain and the like; the temperature grating sensor can be arranged on a main body with larger temperature difference with normal temperature, such as a plateau area, a high-geothermal area and the like; accordingly, the fiber grating sensor may likewise be disposed on the inner wall, periphery or embedded in the pipe body.
The structural optical fiber sensor may be used together with the physical property type optical fiber sensor, or may be used alone.
When structural optical fiber sensor can use with rerum natura type optical fiber sensor simultaneously, rerum natura type optical fiber sensor can acquire the continuous length operating mode of pipeline main part, to some easy troubles that take place, like the line footpath change point of the connection kneck of pipeline main part, the entry and the export of pipeline main part, can be directed against the fault type, insert relevant structural optical fiber sensor in optic fibre to set up structural optical fiber sensor at the inner wall of corresponding pipeline main part, outer wall or imbed between inner wall and outer wall.
When the structural optical fiber sensor and the physical optical fiber sensor are used together, the wavelength shift of the structural optical fiber sensor needs to be distinguished from the scattering effect wavelength of the physical optical fiber sensor for the optical signal transceiver module to recognize.
In summary, the working principle of the distributed optical fiber sensor is that the distributed optical fiber sensor has a certain modulation function on an optical signal, and the modulation function is affected by the external physical environment where the distributed optical fiber sensor is located; the modulated optical signal comprises external physical environment information, and the external physical environment information can be obtained by analyzing and processing the modulated optical signal.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the original optical signal is modulated by using the distributed optical fiber sensor, and a corresponding modulated optical signal is generated; since the propagation direction of light in the optical fiber is random, a corresponding modulated optical signal can be captured at any position of the optical fiber, and an optical signal transmitting module and an optical signal receiving module are simultaneously arranged at one end of the optical fiber as in the embodiment of the invention.
S104: the optical signal transceiving equipment receives the modulated optical signal in the distributed optical fiber sensor based on the optical signal receiving module;
in specific implementation, the commonly used modulated optical signals include a fiber grating modulated optical conversion signal, a rayleigh heat dissipation modulated optical conversion signal, a brillouin scattering modulated optical signal, a raman scattering modulated optical signal, and an inverse raman scattering modulated optical signal; the various modulated optical signals have significant wavelength differences between them and, therefore, can be extracted individually using a wavelength division multiplexer.
Specifically, the optical signal receiving module includes a wavelength division multiplexer; the wavelength division multiplexer comprises an input end, an output end and a plurality of shunt output ends; the input end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the outer output end of the optical splitter, and the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the distributed light sensor; the multiple branch output ends are respectively used for extracting scattered light with different wavelengths, such as Rayleigh scattered light, anti-Stokes light, Brillouin scattered light and the like, and the multiple branch output ends are connected with the input end of the photoelectric conversion module.
S105: the optical signal transceiving equipment converts the modulated optical signal into a modulated photoelectric signal based on a photoelectric conversion module;
the modulation optical signal can be electronically collected only after being subjected to photoelectric conversion, and therefore the modulation optical signal of the embodiment of the invention needs to be converted into a modulation photoelectric signal through a photoelectric conversion module.
Specifically, a plurality of photoelectric conversion devices are arranged in the photoelectric conversion module, each photoelectric conversion device corresponds to each optical signal separation line in the optical signal separation module, and the optical signals of the optical signal separation lines are converted into electric signals; meanwhile, one photoelectric conversion device in the photoelectric conversion module needs to correspond to the internal output end to convert the modulated original optical signal of the internal output end into an electrical signal.
After photoelectric conversion, the fiber bragg grating modulation optical conversion signal, the rayleigh heat dissipation modulation optical conversion signal, the brillouin scattering modulation optical signal, the raman scattering modulation optical signal and the anti-raman scattering modulation optical signal are converted into corresponding fiber bragg grating modulation photoelectric conversion signals, rayleigh heat dissipation modulation photoelectric conversion signals, brillouin scattering modulation photoelectric signals, raman scattering modulation photoelectric signals and anti-raman scattering modulation photoelectric signals; the modulated original optical signal is converted into a corresponding modulated original optical-electrical signal.
S106: the optical signal transceiver receives the modulated photoelectric signal based on the central control module and generates pipeline detection information;
the central control module receives the modulated photoelectric signals and the modulated original photoelectric signals obtained in the step S105, the receiving time of the modulated photoelectric signals starts timing by using the modulated original photoelectric signals as reference time, and based on the timing mode, a series of corresponding relation data related to the modulated photoelectric signals and the time difference can be obtained, and the corresponding relation data of the modulated photoelectric signals and the time is the pipeline detection information required by the embodiment of the invention; and after the central control module generates the pipeline detection information, the pipeline detection information is sent to the cloud server based on the communication module.
S107: the optical signal transceiving equipment sends the pipeline detection information to a cloud server based on a communication module;
the communication module of the embodiment of the invention comprises a wireless communication module and a wired communication module, wherein the wired communication module is an optical fiber communication module in the embodiment of the invention; when the wireless signals of the position set by the optical signal transceiver are good, the packaged acquisition information of the central control module can be uploaded to the cloud server through the wireless communication module; if the position wireless signal set by the optical signal transceiver is poor, the distributed optical fiber sensor, namely, the optical fiber of the embodiment of the invention can be used for data transmission, the packed acquisition information of the central control module is transmitted to the front-stage optical signal transceiver or the rear-stage optical signal transceiver through the optical fiber, and is transmitted to the cloud server after being relayed.
S108: converting the pipeline detection information based on a data processor in the cloud server to obtain real-time physical parameter values of all positions of the distributed detection pipeline;
basically, a distribution schematic diagram of the distributed detection pipeline is preset in the cloud server, and the measurement position of each optical signal transceiver is recorded in the distribution schematic diagram, and accordingly, a physical parameter reasonable range is preset at each position of the distributed detection pipeline;
converting the pipeline detection information based on a data processor in the cloud server to obtain real-time physical parameter values of all positions of the distributed detection pipeline; specifically, the embodiment of the present invention is introduced by taking a real-time physical parameter temperature as an example.
The pipeline detection information comprises a Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal and an anti-Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal; the real-time physical parameter is temperature; the real-time physical parameter value is calculated in the way
R (T) is the temperature at a location of the pipe, IasFor anti-Stokes light intensity, IsIs the intensity of Stokes light, λsIs the Stokes light wavelength, λasIs the anti-stokes light wavelength, h is the planck constant, c is the speed of light in vacuum, mu is the wave number offset, k is the boltzmann constant, and T is the absolute temperature; the anti-stokes light intensity and the stokes light intensity are generated based on the raman scattering modulated photoelectric signal and the anti-raman scattering modulated photoelectric signal.
Any position of the distributed detection pipeline is determined based on the receiving and transmitting interval time of the optical signal by the optical signal receiving and transmitting equipment, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein d is the distance from any position of the distributed detection pipeline to the optical signal transceiving equipment, t is the time interval between the original optical signal transmitting time of the optical signal transceiving equipment and the receiving time of the modulated optical signal, C is the vacuum light velocity, and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber.
Based on the two calculation formulas, the temperature information of any position of the pipeline can be calculated.
S109: and comparing the real-time physical parameter value with the physical parameter reasonable range based on a data processor in the cloud server, identifying the position of the pipeline of which the real-time physical parameter value exceeds the physical parameter reasonable range, and indicating the position to a user.
Because the schematic diagram of the urban pipeline network is marked in the cloud server, the pipeline working condition can be well indicated to the user in the mode of graphic identification.
Specifically, the position of the pipeline with the real-time physical parameter exceeding the reasonable range of the physical parameter can be identified and indicated to the user; if the temperature physical parameter value at a certain position on the pipeline exceeds the reasonable range of the temperature physical parameter at the position, the user can be warned by marking the distribution schematic diagram of the distributed detection pipeline in step S108.
Fig. 6 shows a structure diagram of a distributed pipeline detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 shows a schematic structure diagram of an optical signal transceiver according to an embodiment of the present invention. Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a distributed pipeline detection system, which comprises a cloud server and a distributed detection pipeline; the distributed detection pipeline comprises a pipeline main body, optical signal transceiving equipment and a distributed optical fiber sensor;
the cloud server comprises
The cloud server communication module: the optical signal transceiver is used for transmitting an acquisition starting instruction to the optical signal transceiver and receiving the pipeline detection information uploaded by the optical signal transceiver;
a cloud server data processor: the pipeline state is analyzed based on the pipeline detection information, and the pipeline state is shown to a user;
the optical signal transceiving equipment comprises
The optical signal transmitting module: the system is used for generating an original optical signal and leading the original optical signal to the distributed optical fiber sensor;
the optical signal receiving module: a modulated light signal for receiving the distributed optical fiber sensor;
a photoelectric conversion module: the optical signal processing module is used for performing photoelectric conversion on the modulated optical signal and converting the modulated optical signal into a corresponding modulated photoelectric signal;
a central control module: the optical signal transmitting module is used for controlling the optical signal transmitting module and generating pipeline detection information based on the modulated photoelectric signal;
a communication module: the system is used for uploading the pipeline detection information to a cloud server;
the distributed optical fiber sensor is disposed on the pipe body for generating a modulated optical signal based on the raw optical signal.
According to the distributed pipeline detection method provided by the invention, data analysis is carried out on each distributed pipeline based on the cloud server, the data summarization capability is strong, and the monitoring on the pipeline is more comprehensive; the optical signal transceiver is only responsible for collecting the pipeline detection information, data processing is carried out on the cloud server, the resource requirement of the optical signal transceiver is low, the cost of the distributed pipeline is low, and large-scale popularization and use are facilitated.
The above detailed description is provided for a distributed pipeline detection method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and a specific example is applied in the description to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A distributed pipeline detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving pipeline detection information of a distributed detection pipeline based on a cloud server, wherein the pipeline detection information is generated by optical signal receiving and sending equipment arranged on a pipeline main body after being collected based on a distributed optical fiber sensor;
the cloud server analyzes the distributed detection pipeline state based on the pipeline detection information and displays the distributed detection pipeline state to a user;
the method for generating the pipeline detection information by the optical signal transceiving equipment based on the distributed optical fiber sensor comprises the following steps:
controlling an optical signal transmitting module to guide an original optical signal into the distributed optical fiber sensor based on a central control module;
receiving a modulated optical signal in the distributed optical fiber sensor based on an optical signal receiving module;
converting the modulated optical signal into a modulated photoelectric signal based on a photoelectric conversion module;
receiving the modulated photoelectric signal based on a central control module, wherein the pipeline detection information comprises the modulated photoelectric signal;
the distributed pipeline detection method further comprises the following steps:
the pipeline detection information comprises a fiber bragg grating modulation photoelectric conversion signal, and/or a Rayleigh heat dissipation modulation photoelectric conversion signal, and/or a Brillouin scattering modulation photoelectric signal, and/or a Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal, and/or an anti-Raman scattering modulation photoelectric signal;
when the central control module controls the optical signal transmitting module to guide an original optical signal into the distributed optical fiber sensor, the original optical signal is converted into a modulated original optical signal through the photoelectric conversion module and then is sent to the central control module;
the receiving time of the modulation photoelectric signal received by the central control module is based on the time when the modulation original photoelectric signal is received by the central control module, and the pipeline detection information comprises the receiving time of the modulation photoelectric signal received by the central control module.
2. The distributed pipeline detection method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
the cloud server issues a collection starting instruction to a set distributed detection pipeline, and the collection starting instruction is used for triggering the optical signal transceiver to generate the pipeline detection information based on the collection of the distributed optical fiber sensor.
3. The distributed pipeline detection method according to claim 2, wherein the optical signal transceiver device receives the acquisition start instruction based on a communication module, and the optical signal transceiver device sends pipeline detection information to the cloud server based on the communication module;
the communication module comprises a wireless communication module and a wired communication module, and the wired communication module comprises an optical fiber communication module; the optical fiber communication module is connected with adjacent optical signal transceiving equipment based on the distributed optical fiber sensor;
the distributed detection pipeline sends the pipeline detection information to the cloud server based on the wireless communication module; or the distributed detection pipeline is based on the wired communication module, and pipeline detection information is sent to the cloud server through the adjacent optical signal transceiving equipment.
4. The distributed pipeline detection method according to claim 1, wherein the cloud server analyzing the distributed detection pipeline status based on the distributed detection pipeline detection information and showing the distributed detection pipeline status to a user comprises the steps of:
a distribution schematic diagram of the distributed detection pipeline and a reasonable physical parameter range of the distributed detection pipeline are preset in the cloud server;
converting the detection information of the distributed detection pipeline based on a data processor in the cloud server to obtain real-time physical parameter values of all positions of the distributed detection pipeline;
and comparing the real-time physical parameter value with the physical parameter reasonable range based on a data processor in the cloud server, identifying the position of the real-time physical parameter value exceeding the physical parameter reasonable range, and indicating the position to a user.
5. The distributed pipeline detection method according to claim 4, wherein the distance between any position of the distributed detection pipeline and the optical signal transceiving equipment is determined based on the transceiving interval time of the optical signal by the optical signal transceiving equipment, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein d is the distance from any position of the distributed detection pipeline to the optical signal transceiving equipment, tThe time interval between the original optical signal transmitting time and the modulated optical signal receiving time of the optical signal transceiving equipment is C, the vacuum light speed is C, and n is the refractive index of the optical fiber.
6. The distributed pipe detection method of claim 5, wherein the pipe detection information comprises Raman scattering modulated photo-electric signals and anti-Raman scattering modulated photo-electric signals; the real-time physical parameter is temperature; the real-time physical parameter value is calculated in the way
R (T) is the temperature at a location of the pipe, IasFor anti-Stokes light intensity, IsIs the intensity of Stokes light, λsIs the Stokes light wavelength, λasIs the anti-stokes light wavelength, h is the planck constant, c is the speed of light in vacuum, mu is the wave number offset, k is the boltzmann constant, and T is the absolute temperature;
the anti-stokes light intensity and the stokes light intensity are generated based on the raman scattering modulated photoelectric signal and the anti-raman scattering modulated photoelectric signal.
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