CN104613321A - Nuclear power plant pipeline leakage detection device and method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement - Google Patents
Nuclear power plant pipeline leakage detection device and method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN104613321A CN104613321A CN201510049799.8A CN201510049799A CN104613321A CN 104613321 A CN104613321 A CN 104613321A CN 201510049799 A CN201510049799 A CN 201510049799A CN 104613321 A CN104613321 A CN 104613321A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear power plant pipeline leakage detection device and method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement. The nuclear power plant pipeline leakage detection device comprises a detection sensor unit, a signal receiving and transmitting processing unit and a data analysis and alarm unit. The detection sensor unit comprises an optical fiber and a fastening support, wherein the optical fiber is fixed to the portion above a high-energy pipeline through the fastening support. In the signal receiving and transmitting processing unit, a laser drive device is connected with the optical fiber through a wavelength division demultiplexer, the optical fiber is connected with the input end of a photoelectric detector through the wavelength division demultiplexer, and the output end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the input end of a signal processor. The data analysis and alarm unit comprises a PC terminal and an alarm indicator, wherein the output end of the signal processor is connected with the PC terminal, and the alarm indicator is connected with the PC terminal. The situation of high-energy pipeline system leakage in nuclear islands can be found in time, the leakage positions can be accurately positioned, the implementation foundation is provided for the leak-before-break design of the high-energy pipeline, and the safety of nuclear power plants is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear power plant's leak detection technology, particularly relate to a kind of pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement and method.
Background technique
Along with the development of China's nuclear power, the nuclear power plant's quantity put into operation gets more and more.Society and the concern of the public to npp safety improve day by day.Especially, after Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, systematically improve the technical matters that nuclear power plant's security of operation not only becomes Nuclear Power Industry further, also become the social problems affecting Nuclear Power Industry long-term stability development.Design of nuclear power plant has three road safety curtain protection nuclear power plants can not cause radiation pollution by environment to external world, and the primary coolant circuit pipe system forming primary Ioops pressure boundary in nuclear island is a wherein important ring.When nuclear power plant normally runs and suffer the natural disasteies such as earthquake, primary coolant circuit pipe system does not allow to occur fracture suddenly and makes and form a large amount of refrigerant leaks accident.For monitoring the integrity on primary Ioops system pressure border, according to the requirement (as RG1.45) of npp safety regulation directive/guide, in nuclear island, be furnished with the monitoring that the device such as melt pit, air-borne particle detection, pressure or temperature sensing realizes refrigerant leaks.Along with the raising that design of nuclear power plant requires, it is also proposed more and more higher requirement to leakage monitoring technology, not only needing can detecting leakage phenomenon, and can accurate locating leaks source position.Particularly progressively adopt in nuclear power plant's high energy piping design broken before leak (leak before break, LBB) and assess in new technology, leak detection system be realize broken before the precondition of leakage design object and important leverage.Therefore the more effective local leak detection system accurately can carrying out leakage monitoring and leak position is needed.
Although the high energy pipeline in nuclear power plant nuclear island reactor occurs that the probability of cut generation refrigerant leaks is very little, but leakage monitoring leaks method design as the broken front of nuclear power plant's high energy pipeline, and the important content of in-service risk management and safety guarantee is indispensable.Nuclear power plant must formulate perfect prevention and emergency response measure to this important design basis accident of refrigerant leaks.Can Timeliness coverage accurately locating leaks and occurrence positions thereof are the preconditions realizing emergency response measure.
In existing leak detection method, the modes such as the detection of melt pit, air-borne particle and pressure detection can not realize the location to source of leaks.Although and can realize judging the rough position of source of leaks by installing resistance type local temperature sensors, but there is following shortcoming in actual applications: 1) need, at the spillage risk position of prejudging, a large amount of temperature transducers is installed, by judging the position residing for leakage to the local temperature monitoring of these positions.Therefore detect position to fix, the leakage that only can realize occurring in setting position positions; 2) along with increasing of predetermined patterns needs to install a large amount of temperature transducers, connect up complicated and occupy more space; 3) temperature transducer affects by radiation environment in nuclear island, and aging speed is very fast; 4) increase maintenance workload, not only will regularly replace temperature transducer, and when carrying out inservice inspection to primary Ioops pressure boundary, need carry out dismounting operation to temperature transducer a certain amount of man-hour.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the existing leakage detector based on temperature monitoring of nuclear power plant can not realize primary coolant circuit pipe system continuous space thermometric and the deficiency judging source of leaks accurate location, a kind of pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement and method are provided, thus the Timeliness coverage realized high energy pipe-line system leakage situation in nuclear island, and can accurate locating leaks position, for the broken front leakage design of high energy pipeline provides practice processes, improve the Security of nuclear power plant.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: first provide a kind of pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, comprise acquisition sensor unit, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit, data analysis alarm unit, acquisition sensor unit is connected with data analysis alarm unit by signal transmitting and receiving processing unit, wherein, acquisition sensor unit comprises optical fiber and securing bracket, and optical fiber is fixed on the top of high energy pipeline by securing bracket, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit comprises laser driving apparatus, Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, photoelectric detector, signal processor, laser driving apparatus is by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer and Fiber connection, optical fiber is connected with the input end of photoelectric detector by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, and the output terminal of photoelectric detector is connected with the input end of signal processor, data analysis alarm unit comprises PC terminal and warning indicator, and the output terminal of signal processor is connected with PC terminal, and warning indicator is connected with PC terminal, laser driving apparatus is used for Emission Lasers, optical fiber is for transmitting the laser of laser driving apparatus transmitting and transmitting its reverse scattered light, Wavelength Devision Multiplexer is used for laser transmission in optical fiber, scattered light reverse in optical fiber is separated into stokes light and anti-Stokes light, photoelectric detector is for receiving stokes light and anti-Stokes light and being converted into electrical signal, signal processor is for obtaining the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, PC terminal is for calculating different light intensity than corresponding temperature, simultaneously according to the propagation speed of laser in optical fiber and the echo time of reverse scattered light, the position at measured temperature place is positioned, warning indicator is used for reporting to the police when temperature exceeds predefined value.
By technique scheme, described optical fiber is metal coated fiber.
By technique scheme, described photoelectric detector is avalanche photodide.
By technique scheme, between described photoelectric detector and signal processor, be also provided with amplifier.
By technique scheme, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit and data analysis alarm unit are arranged in conventional island control room.
By technique scheme, the first half of securing bracket and Lower Half circumferentially wrap up high energy pipeline, the first half of securing bracket and the edge of Lower Half by bolt and pad fastening, the top of the first half arranges fiber orientation ring, optical fiber is through fiber orientation ring, and the top of fiber orientation ring arranges fixed adjustment bolt, and briquetting is arranged on the bottom of fixed adjustment bolt, fixed adjustment bolt applies radial force by briquetting to optical fiber, makes fiber orientation at the bottom place of fiber orientation ring.
By technique scheme, reactor pressure vessel and three coolant loops are installed in nuclear island reactor building, each coolant loop includes cold section of steam generator, coolant pump, main pipe hot leg, main pipeline changeover portion and main pipeline, using cold section of the main pipe hot leg in three coolant loops, main pipeline changeover portion and main pipeline as Target pipe, the optical fiber in acquisition sensor unit and securing bracket coverage goal pipeline.
The present invention also provides a kind of pipeline of nuclear power plant leak detection method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, the method comprises the following steps, optical fiber is fixed on the top of high energy pipeline by securing bracket, laser is forward direction in a fiber, its reverse scattered light is separated into stokes light and anti-Stokes light, receive stokes light and anti-Stokes light and be converted into electrical signal, obtaining the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, calculating different light intensity than corresponding temperature; According to the propagation speed of laser in optical fiber and the echo time of reverse scattered light, the position at measured temperature place is positioned, reports to the police when temperature exceeds predefined value.
By technique scheme, obtain the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, method especially by cumulative mean obtains, the method of cumulative mean is by multi collect Stokes light intensity signal within the unit time and anti-Stokes light intensity signal, carries out mathematic(al) mean process respectively to the Stokes light intensity signal of multi collect and anti-Stokes light intensity signal.Remove measurement error, obtain light intensity signal comparatively accurately.
By technique scheme, calculate different light intensity than corresponding temperature, obtain especially by stokes light and the beam intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light and the function relation of temperature, the relation between the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light and temperature is:
wherein P
aSfor anti-Stokes light intensity, P
sfor Stokes light intensity, λ
aSfor the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, λ
sfor the wavelength of stokes light, h is planck's constant, and K is Boltzmann constant, and Δ r is skew wave number, and T is kelvin temperature, and c is light velocity of propagation in a vacuum.Can find out that the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light is only the function of optical fiber place ambient temperature from this formula, only be subject to the temperature impact of sensing point place.
The working principle that the present invention is based on nuclear power plant's high energy pipeline local leak detection system of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement is, when in nuclear island, primary coolant circuit pipe breaks, high temperature coolant in pipeline outwards will be spurted by cut, form significant local rapid warm raising, can determine to leak and locating leaks point by mensuration temperature change value and occurrence positions.Basic principle based on nuclear power plant's high energy pipeline local leak detection system works of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement is according to the optical time domain reflection of optical fiber and the temperature effect of the reverse Raman scattering of optical fiber, detect the temperature variation along optical fiber diverse location, realize real distributed measurement.Because the stokes light in Raman diffused light is very little by the impact of temperature, during the change of temperature, Stokes light intensity is constant, anti-Stokes light is then very responsive to temperature, temperature is higher, anti-Stokes light is stronger, therefore, can analyze by the change of the intensity contrast value of anti-Stokes light and stokes light the change obtaining temperature, between the beam intensity ratio of two kinds of light and temperature, there is quantitative relationship.In systems in which, the intensity of the reverse Raman diffused light in optical fiber has been modulated in the temperature field of spatial points residing for optical fiber, space temperature information is gathered through Wavelength Devision Multiplexer and photoelectric detector, after signal transacting and Demodulation Systems, obtain real time temperature value information again, and utilize the time lag of light velocity of wave propagation and backlight echo in optical fiber to carry out space orientation.Optical fiber, as the important composition of acquisition sensor unit, is not only detection heat responsive element, is the signal transmission path of signal transmitting and receiving processing unit simultaneously yet.In signal transmitting and receiving processing unit, laser driving apparatus produces laser pulse light beam, optical fiber is entered through Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, pulse laser beam is along while optical fiber onwards transmission, scattered light transmits to optical fiber surrounding, rear orientation light wherein along optical fiber reverse transfers isolates stokes light and anti-Stokes light through Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, and this two ways of optical signals transfers to signal processor and carries out accurate luminous intensity amount fractional analysis after photoelectric detector gathers respectively.In data analysis and alarm unit, PC terminal receives the data that signal processor transmits, and obtains along the temperature that distribution type fiber-optic length direction detects by calculating.When significantly temperature rise appears suddenly in detected temperature time, PC terminal sends signal to the warning indicator be attached thereto, and warning indicator gives the alarm, and nuclear power plant operator then carry out emergency processing according to nuclear power plant's working specification.Based on the acquisition sensor cellular installation in the leak detection system of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement in nuclear island, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit and data analysis alarm unit are arranged in control room.Securing bracket is arranged on Target pipe, and optical fiber is arranged on securing bracket by clamp.The mounting point of optical fiber should be in the top of high energy pipeline, if high energy pipeline leaks, spurt the high-temperature gas that the high temperature fluid that formed will rise, the ambient temperature above pipeline is raised, causes the anti-Stokes intensity variation in the rear orientation light in optical fiber.Optical fiber is connected with the interface of the signal transmitting and receiving unit in control room through nuclear island factory building by controlling pipeline passway, transmission pulse laser beam and reflected light.The PC terminal of data analysis alarm unit is also connected with the interface of signal transmitting and receiving unit, the radiating light light intensity data that acknowledge(ment) signal processor transmits.Warning indicator is connected with the COM serial port of PC terminal, receives the alarm command that PC sends.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is: whether the high energy pipeline that can detect in nuclear power plant nuclear island leaks sensitive and accurately, and accurately can locate leakage point, simultaneously, compare conventional temperature measuring type local leak detection device, the present invention also has following advantage: (1) continuous distributed formula measures the complete covering realized pipe-line system; (2) radioresistance, the life-span is long and cost is low; (3) highly sensitive, measuring accuracy is high; (4) installation and maintenance is simple and convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of acquisition sensor unit in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, acquisition sensor unit covers Target pipe.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technological scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, first a kind of pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement is provided, as shown in Figure 1, comprise acquisition sensor unit, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit, data analysis alarm unit, acquisition sensor unit is connected with data analysis alarm unit by signal transmitting and receiving processing unit, wherein, acquisition sensor unit comprises optical fiber and securing bracket, and optical fiber is fixed on the top of high energy pipeline by securing bracket, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit comprises laser driving apparatus, Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, photoelectric detector, signal processor, laser driving apparatus is by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer and Fiber connection, optical fiber is connected with the input end of photoelectric detector by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, and the output terminal of photoelectric detector is connected with the input end of signal processor, data analysis alarm unit comprises PC terminal and warning indicator, and the output terminal of signal processor is connected with PC terminal, and warning indicator is connected with PC terminal, laser driving apparatus is used for Emission Lasers, optical fiber is for transmitting the laser of laser driving apparatus transmitting and transmitting its reverse scattered light, Wavelength Devision Multiplexer is used for laser transmission in optical fiber, scattered light reverse in optical fiber is separated into stokes light and anti-Stokes light, photoelectric detector is for receiving stokes light and anti-Stokes light and being converted into electrical signal, signal processor is for obtaining the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, PC terminal is for calculating different light intensity than corresponding temperature, simultaneously according to the propagation speed of laser in optical fiber and the echo time of reverse scattered light, the position at measured temperature place is positioned, warning indicator is used for reporting to the police when temperature exceeds predefined value.Flow in high energy pipeline in nuclear island reactor building the freezing mixture of High Temperature High Pressure, under extreme conditions, if breaking appears in pipeline, the freezing mixture in pipeline spurts by cut to the environment China and foreign countries in reactor building, and high-temperature stream cognition causes local temperature to raise.By the abnormal situation about raising of monitoring pipeline local temperature, the accurate detection to pipe leakage effectively can be realized.Use distribution type fiber-optic as temperature detecting sensor, can realize optical fiber continuous space temperature sensing along its length, can not only realize monitoring the no-blind area of pipe leakage situation, and can realize, to the accurate location of leakage point, judging leak position.
Wherein, because optical fiber will have the ability can bearing 350 DEG C of high temperature as temperature sensing sensor, therefore optical fiber can select metal coated fiber.
Further, photoelectric detector is avalanche photodide, has good light detection ability.Further, be also provided with amplifier between described photoelectric detector and signal processor, electrical signal is amplified, improve testing precision.
Wherein, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit and data analysis alarm unit are arranged in conventional island control room.
Further, in preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the first half of securing bracket and Lower Half circumferentially wrap up high energy pipeline, the first half of securing bracket and the edge of Lower Half by bolt and pad fastening, the top of the first half arranges fiber orientation ring, optical fiber is through fiber orientation ring, the top of fiber orientation ring arranges fixed adjustment bolt, briquetting is arranged on the bottom of fixed adjustment bolt, fixed adjustment bolt applies radial force by briquetting to optical fiber, makes fiber orientation at the bottom place of fiber orientation ring.The first half 4 of securing bracket and the Lower Half 5 of securing bracket are enclosed within Target pipe, and the size of securing bracket is determined according to the external diameter of pipeline.Two-part support is fixed together by hex head bolt 6, pad 7, set screw nut 8 and pad 9, and the position remained on pipeline is fixed and stablized.Optical fiber 3 is through in the fiber orientation ring in the fixed support first half 4, be fixed by fixed adjustment nut 1 and briquetting 2 pairs of optical fiber, the position of optical fiber in fiber orientation ring is fixed, without relative sliding, guarantees that the mapping relations of pipeline each several part on fiber lengths remain unchanged.Thus pipeline position can be judged by the calibrating length numerical value on optical fiber.Optical fiber is arranged on high energy pipeline over top by securing bracket and makes the distance that optical fiber and tested pipeline keep suitable.Optical fiber, as the important composition of acquisition sensor unit, is not only detection heat responsive element, is the signal transmission path of signal transmitting and receiving treated section simultaneously yet.By securing bracket, metal coated fiber is fixed on the top of pipeline, optical fiber is fixed relative to pipeline holding position, form the acquisition sensor unit being positioned at nuclear island reactor building.The different parts of pipeline has mapping relations one to one on the length direction of optical fiber, just can accurate targeted duct position according to fiber lengths value.Optical fiber is connected with the Wavelength Devision Multiplexer of signal transmitting and receiving unit, and the pulse laser that laser driving apparatus is launched enters onwards transmission in optical fiber by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer.Due to the scattering of pulse laser, reverse scattered light is again received by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer and is separated into stokes light and anti-Stokes light.Through the isolated two ways of optical signals of Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, by avalanche photodide, optical signal is converted to electrical signal respectively, then through amplifier, electrical signal is amplified, deliver in signal processor and carry out cumulative mean, just obtain accurate light intensity quantized value.According to anti-Stokes light and the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and the function relation of temperature, different light intensity can be calculated further than corresponding temperature.Simultaneously according to the propagation speed of light in optical fiber and the echo time of backward scattering light wave, can the position residing for measured temperature be positioned.All survey data collect processing in PC terminal, in visual program interface, also can observe the temperature distribution on pipeline and situation of change intuitively, also can set temperature rise rate threshold values and the threshold temperature trigger signal as leakage alarm flexibly simultaneously.
Further, as shown in Figure 3, reactor pressure vessel and three coolant loops are installed in nuclear island reactor building, each coolant loop includes cold section of steam generator, coolant pump, main pipe hot leg, main pipeline changeover portion and main pipeline, using cold section of the main pipe hot leg in three coolant loops, main pipeline changeover portion and main pipeline as Target pipe, the optical fiber in acquisition sensor unit and securing bracket coverage goal pipeline.Signal transmitting and receiving processing unit and the data analysis alarm unit (PC terminal and warning indicator) of indoor location distribution type fiber-optic leak detection system is controlled at conventional island.Reactor pressure vessel 10 and three coolant loops (coolant loop 1, coolant loop 2 17 and coolant loop 18) are installed in nuclear island reactor building, steam generator 11, coolant pump 12, main pipe hot leg 13, main pipeline changeover portion 14 and main pipeline cold section 15 has been included for each coolant loop.The leak detection of main pipeline then being included to 9 segment pipes altogether on three loops, an optical fiber 3 can being used to cover all Target pipe by reasonably arranging.By securing bracket, metal coated fiber is fixed on pipeline, and calibrating length is carried out to the optical fiber at each segment pipe starting point on coolant loop and final position place, then can realize the identification of each segment pipe and the locating function at pipeline position according to calibrating length value interval.In nuclear power plant runs, when pipeline occurring cut occurs to leak, high temperature coolant is spurted by cut, and the hot steam of generation makes present position optical fiber local temperature raise.The backward scattering anti-Stokes light intensity of this position of optical fiber changes, and the beam intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light and stokes light is changed thereupon, and then can obtain instant temperature value.Obtain the pipeline position residing for detecting temperature according to aforesaid smooth velocity of propagation positioning principle simultaneously, the accurate location to break location can be realized.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of pipeline of nuclear power plant leak detection method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement is also provided, the method comprises the following steps, optical fiber is fixed on the top of high energy pipeline by securing bracket, laser is forward direction in a fiber, its reverse scattered light is separated into stokes light and anti-Stokes light, receive stokes light and anti-Stokes light and be converted into electrical signal, obtain the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, calculate different light intensity than corresponding temperature; According to the propagation speed of laser in optical fiber and the echo time of reverse scattered light, the position at measured temperature place is positioned, reports to the police when temperature exceeds predefined value.
Wherein, obtain the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, specifically can be obtained by the method for cumulative mean, the method of cumulative mean is by multi collect Stokes light intensity signal within the unit time and anti-Stokes light intensity signal, carries out mathematic(al) mean process respectively to the Stokes light intensity signal of multi collect and anti-Stokes light intensity signal.Remove measurement error, obtain light intensity signal comparatively accurately.
Further, calculate different light intensity than corresponding temperature, obtain especially by stokes light and the beam intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light and the function relation of temperature, the relation between the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light and temperature is:
wherein P
aSfor anti-Stokes light intensity, P
sfor Stokes light intensity, λ
aSfor the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, λ
sfor the wavelength of stokes light, h is planck's constant, and K is Boltzmann constant, and Δ r is skew wave number, and T is kelvin temperature, and c is light velocity of propagation in a vacuum.Can find out that the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light is only the function of optical fiber place ambient temperature from this formula, only be subject to the temperature impact of sensing point place.
Flow in high energy pipeline in nuclear island reactor building the freezing mixture of High Temperature High Pressure, under extreme conditions, if breaking appears in pipeline, the freezing mixture in pipeline spurts by cut to the environment China and foreign countries in reactor building, and high-temperature stream cognition causes local temperature to raise.By the abnormal situation about raising of monitoring pipeline local temperature, the accurate detection to pipe leakage effectively can be realized.Use distribution type fiber-optic as temperature detecting sensor, can realize optical fiber continuous space temperature sensing along its length, can not only realize monitoring the no-blind area of pipe leakage situation, and can realize, to the accurate location of leakage point, judging leak position.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, it is characterized in that, comprise acquisition sensor unit, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit, data analysis alarm unit, acquisition sensor unit is connected with data analysis alarm unit by signal transmitting and receiving processing unit, wherein, acquisition sensor unit comprises optical fiber and securing bracket, and optical fiber is fixed on the top of high energy pipeline by securing bracket, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit comprises laser driving apparatus, Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, photoelectric detector, signal processor, laser driving apparatus is by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer and Fiber connection, optical fiber is connected with the input end of photoelectric detector by Wavelength Devision Multiplexer, and the output terminal of photoelectric detector is connected with the input end of signal processor, data analysis alarm unit comprises PC terminal and warning indicator, and the output terminal of signal processor is connected with PC terminal, and warning indicator is connected with PC terminal, laser driving apparatus is used for Emission Lasers, optical fiber is for transmitting the laser of laser driving apparatus transmitting and transmitting its reverse scattered light, Wavelength Devision Multiplexer is used for laser transmission in optical fiber, scattered light reverse in optical fiber is separated into stokes light and anti-Stokes light, photoelectric detector is for receiving stokes light and anti-Stokes light and being converted into electrical signal, signal processor is for obtaining the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, PC terminal is for calculating different light intensity than corresponding temperature, simultaneously according to the propagation speed of laser in optical fiber and the echo time of reverse scattered light, the position at measured temperature place is positioned, warning indicator is used for reporting to the police when temperature exceeds predefined value.
2. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described optical fiber is metal coated fiber.
3. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described photoelectric detector is avalanche photodide.
4. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, be also provided with amplifier between described photoelectric detector and signal processor.
5. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 4, is characterized in that, signal transmitting and receiving processing unit and data analysis alarm unit are arranged in conventional island control room.
6. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the first half of securing bracket and Lower Half circumferentially wrap up high energy pipeline, the first half of securing bracket and the edge of Lower Half by bolt and pad fastening, the top of the first half arranges fiber orientation ring, optical fiber is through fiber orientation ring, the top of fiber orientation ring arranges fixed adjustment bolt, briquetting is arranged on the bottom of fixed adjustment bolt, fixed adjustment bolt applies radial force by briquetting to optical fiber, make fiber orientation at the bottom place of fiber orientation ring.
7. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leakage detector based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, reactor pressure vessel and three coolant loops are installed in nuclear island reactor building, each coolant loop includes cold section of steam generator, coolant pump, main pipe hot leg, main pipeline changeover portion and main pipeline, using cold section of the main pipe hot leg in three coolant loops, main pipeline changeover portion and main pipeline as Target pipe, the optical fiber in acquisition sensor unit and securing bracket coverage goal pipeline.
8. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leak detection method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps, optical fiber is fixed on the top of high energy pipeline by securing bracket, laser is forward direction in a fiber, and its reverse scattered light is separated into stokes light and anti-Stokes light, receives stokes light and anti-Stokes light and is converted into electrical signal, obtain the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, calculate different light intensity than corresponding temperature; According to the propagation speed of laser in optical fiber and the echo time of reverse scattered light, the position at measured temperature place is positioned, reports to the police when temperature exceeds predefined value.
9. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leak detection method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, obtain the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light, method especially by cumulative mean obtains, the method of cumulative mean is by multi collect Stokes light intensity signal within the unit time and anti-Stokes light intensity signal, carries out mathematic(al) mean process respectively to the Stokes light intensity signal of multi collect and anti-Stokes light intensity signal.
10. the pipeline of nuclear power plant leak detection method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterized in that, calculate different light intensity than corresponding temperature, obtain especially by stokes light and the beam intensity ratio of anti-Stokes light and the function relation of temperature, the relation between the beam intensity ratio of stokes light and anti-Stokes light and temperature is:
wherein P
aSfor anti-Stokes light intensity, P
sfor Stokes light intensity, λ
aSfor the wavelength of anti-Stokes light, λ
sfor the wavelength of stokes light, h is planck's constant, and K is Boltzmann constant, and Δ r is skew wave number, and T is kelvin temperature, and c is light velocity of propagation in a vacuum.
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