CN109099320A - Feedwater piping and its leakage loss monitoring device - Google Patents
Feedwater piping and its leakage loss monitoring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109099320A CN109099320A CN201810964972.0A CN201810964972A CN109099320A CN 109099320 A CN109099320 A CN 109099320A CN 201810964972 A CN201810964972 A CN 201810964972A CN 109099320 A CN109099320 A CN 109099320A
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/005—Protection or supervision of installations of gas pipelines, e.g. alarm
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring devices, including the annular outer protection tube part for being sleeved on feedwater piping, outer protection tube part has leakage loss monitoring inner cavity, water swelling rubber and the distribution type fiber-optic in water swelling rubber are equipped in leakage loss monitoring inner cavity, distribution type fiber-optic both ends are pierced by outer protection tube part respectively.In addition the feedwater piping for being configured with the feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device is also provided.When feedwater piping is missed, rapid water-filling in the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity of outer protection tube part, it is squeezed after water swelling rubber water swelling flush-mounted in its internal distribution type fiber-optic, distribution type fiber-optic is set to generate biggish strain, and then occur that the incident light in optical fiber after position generates to Rayleigh scattering light in strain, abnormal backward Rayleigh scattering can be identified positioned at the distribution type fiber-optic (FBG) demodulator of monitoring center, and the position that leakage occurs is determined according to light propagation time in a fiber and spread speed, play the role of leakage alarm and positioning.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water supply network technical fields, and in particular to a kind of feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device and be configured with
The feedwater piping of the feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device.
Background technique
China's water supply network leak rate can not have always been high any more, and China main cities water supply network was averaged leak rate in recent years
About 18%, annual loss fluid loss is more than 6,000,000,000 m caused by missing because of public supply mains3。
The method that feedwater piping leakage is repaired mainly has two class of trenchless rehabilitation and non-excavation rehabilitation, and both methods belongs to
In passive restorative procedure, time-consuming, road pavement influence it is big, and be unfolded on the basis of having determined leak position, and
The positioning of feedwater piping leak source is the work taken time and effort.There are positioning accuracies for currently used pipe leak detection technique
Low, disturbing factor is difficult to the defects of removing, and the water supply network leak hunting method that the various regions system of appointing national minority hereditary headmen in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties generallys use is manually to listen leakage method, inspection
Leakage instrument includes electronic leakage measuring instrument by sonic, listens clave etc., using above-mentioned instrument detection leak source not only low efficiency, can not adapt to city Pang
Big water supply network system, and it is i.e. enabled find leak position, generally also want several weeks even to finding leak source from leakage occurs
The time of several months, leak source is leaking always during this period, this not only causes very big waste, also can be to surrounding road basis
Generation is washed away, and roadbed safety is influenced.
Summary of the invention
It is filled the present embodiments relate to a kind of feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device and configured with the feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring
The feedwater piping set can at least solve the segmental defect of the prior art.
The present embodiments relate to a kind of feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device, including annular outer protection tube part, the outer protection tubes
There is part the inner ring that can be sleeved on feedwater piping opening installation end and the leakage being connected to inner ring opening installation end to supervise
Inner cavity is surveyed, water swelling rubber and point in the water swelling rubber are equipped in the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity
Cloth optical fiber, the distribution type fiber-optic both ends are pierced by the outer protection tube part respectively.
As one of embodiment, the maximum swelling volume of the water swelling rubber is greater than the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity
Volume.
As one of embodiment, the water swelling rubber is vulcanization type expanded rubber.
As one of embodiment, the outer protection tube part includes two semi-ring tube bodies, and the two semi-ring tube body splicings are fixed simultaneously
It encloses and sets to form the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity.
As one of embodiment, two semi-ring tube body stitching portions are folded with silicagel pad.
As one of embodiment, the distribution type fiber-optic is arranged with flexible shroud, and it is located at except the outer protection tube part
Fiber segment be also arranged with rigid sheath, the rigid sheath is sheathed on except the flexible shroud.
As one of embodiment, the distribution type fiber-optic wears place's encapsulation process on the outer protection tube part.
The present embodiments relate to a kind of feedwater piping, including pipeline body, at least partly pipeline section of the pipeline body
It is equipped with feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device as described above, the outer protection tube part is set on the pipeline section of corresponding position.
As one of embodiment, until less than the outer protection tube part is set at the connecting portion of the pipeline body.
As one of embodiment, multiple monitoring groups are disposed in the pipeline body, each monitoring group is along the pipeline
Ontology difference degree of filling position is sequentially arranged, and each above-mentioned monitoring group includes at least one distributed monitoring optical fiber, and each described point
Cloth monitoring optical fiber is axially set on the pipeline body inner wall along the pipeline body, each distributed monitoring light
Fibre is respectively connected with light source generator and data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device is connected with data processing centre.
The embodiment of the present invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
Feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device provided by the invention, it is mountable on feedwater piping, when feedwater piping leaks
When mistake, rapid water-filling in the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity of outer protection tube part squeezes inside it after water swelling rubber water swelling
Distribution type fiber-optic, so that distribution type fiber-optic is generated biggish strain, and then make the incident light in optical fiber that position occur in strain and produce
Different from remaining entopic backward Rayleigh scattering light, the distribution type fiber-optic (FBG) demodulator positioned at monitoring center can identify raw wavelength
Abnormal backward Rayleigh scattering, and the position that leakage occurs is determined according to light propagation time in a fiber and spread speed,
Play the role of leakage alarm and positioning.Compared to traditional artificial leak hunting method of feedwater piping, water supply provided in this embodiment
Pipe leak monitoring device is able to achieve the automatic real-time leakage loss monitoring to feedwater piping, and structure is simple, and monitoring sensitivity is high.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will to embodiment or
Attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
Some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, also
Other attached drawings can be obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional structural schematic diagram for the feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 2 is the vertical profile structural schematic diagram for the feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device that the embodiment of the present invention one provides；
Fig. 3 is a kind of feedwater piping on-line monitoring system based on OFDR distribution type fiber-optic that the embodiment of the present invention three provides
The overall structure diagram of system；
Fig. 4 is the arragement construction figure for the distribution type fiber-optic component that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 6 is the schematic cross-section for the distributed temperature compensated optical fiber that the embodiment of the present invention three provides；
Fig. 7 is the schematic longitudinal section of the arragement construction for the distribution type fiber-optic component that the embodiment of the present invention three provides.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
Its embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device, including annular outer protection tube part
200, the outer protection tube part 200 has the inner ring that can be sleeved on feedwater piping 100 opening installation end and opens with the inner ring
The leakage loss monitoring inner cavity of mouth installation end connection is equipped with water swelling rubber 300 and is embedded in the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity
Distribution type fiber-optic 400 in the water swelling rubber 300,400 both ends of distribution type fiber-optic are pierced by the outer protection tube respectively
Part 200.Generally, feedwater piping 100 is circular pipe, and corresponding above-mentioned outer protection tube part 200 is preferably circular ring shape pipe fitting, and
Its annular diameters is roughly the same with 100 outer diameter of feedwater piping, to guarantee that its inner ring opening installation end reclines clamping in water supply
On pipeline 100.As a preferred option, above-mentioned outer protection tube part 200 includes two semi-ring tube bodies, the two semi-ring tube body splicings
It fixes and encloses and set to form the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity；It is further preferred that being respectively equipped with ear on two semi-ring tube bodies such as Fig. 1
The otic placode 201 of plate 201, two semi-ring tube bodies is bonded and is bolted on together, i.e., the outer protection tube part 200 is in hood type
Structure holds feedwater piping 100 tightly after two semi-ring tube body splicings, on the one hand guarantees the stabilization of 200 fixed structure of outer protection tube part
Property, the pressure that generates when water swelling rubber 300 expands can be born, on the other hand, minimize the outer protection tube part 200 with
Leakproofness is improved in fit-up gap between feedwater piping 100.Above-mentioned outer protection tube part 200 is outer ring plate and two pieces including annular
The siding of annular, two sidings be preferably be tabular plate body, be connected to the left and right ends of outer ring plate and be used for and feed pipe
Road 100 connects, and the vallecular cavity that two sidings and outer ring plate surround constitutes above-mentioned leakage loss monitoring inner cavity, and slot bottom is outer protection tube part
The inner plate surface of 200 outer ring plates.Above-mentioned water swelling rubber 300 is preferably fixed on the inner plate surface of above-mentioned outer ring plate.It is above-mentioned
Outer ring plate, siding etc. all have certain thickness, preferably within the scope of 3~8mm.
It is further preferred that two halves endless tube body stitching portion is folded with silicagel pad, to guarantee the outer shield constituted after the two splicing
The leakproofness of pipe fitting 200.In addition, distribution type fiber-optic 400 wears place's encapsulation process, the present embodiment on outer protection tube part 200
In, it is sealed preferably by epoxy resin and distribution type fiber-optic 400 is fixed on outer protection tube part 200.
Feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device provided in this embodiment, it is mountable on feedwater piping 100, work as feedwater piping
100 when missing, rapid water-filling in the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity of outer protection tube part 200, after 300 water swelling of water swelling rubber
It squeezes flush-mounted in its internal distribution type fiber-optic 400, so that distribution type fiber-optic 400 is generated biggish strain, and then make in optical fiber
Incident light strain occur position generation wavelength different from remaining it is entopic after to Rayleigh scattering light, positioned at monitoring center
400 (FBG) demodulator of distribution type fiber-optic can identify abnormal backward Rayleigh scattering, and according to light propagation time in a fiber and biography
It broadcasts speed and determines the position that leakage occurs, play the role of leakage alarm and positioning.Compared to traditional 100 people of feedwater piping
Work leak hunting method, feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device provided in this embodiment are able to achieve the automatic real-time leakage to feedwater piping 100
Monitoring is lost, structure is simple, and monitoring sensitivity is high.
Preferably, above-mentioned distribution type fiber-optic 400 uses OFDR (probe beam deflation) distribution type fiber-optic 400, is both sensing
Element and signal transmission component, can monitoring object sum be more, signal transmission distance is farther out, it can be achieved that 25~35km range
The interior leakage loss monitoring along infinitely a measuring point of journey, thus can be well adapted for municipal water supply pipe network monitoring point have a very wide distribution, quantity
More features.Specifically, a distribution type fiber-optic 400 can be used and concatenate all leakage loss monitoring measuring points, the distribution type fiber-optic
400 arrival ends connect optical transmitting set and 400 (FBG) demodulator of distribution type fiber-optic, are identified according to 400 (FBG) demodulator of distribution type fiber-optic backward
Rayleigh scattering light is the position that can determine whether leakage and occur according to the time of the backward Rayleigh scattering light of receiving；It is of course also possible to
Using more distribution type fiber-optics 400 structure in parallel, an either distribution type fiber-optic 400 connects each leakage loss monitoring measuring point also
It is that more distribution type fiber-optics 400 are in parallel, on-line monitoring network can be constituted, guarantee the effective monitoring to municipal water supply pipe network.
Preferably, the distribution type fiber-optic 400 is arranged with flexible shroud, and it is located at except the outer protection tube part 200
Fiber segment is also arranged with rigid sheath, and the rigid sheath is sheathed on except the flexible shroud.Pass through flexible shroud and rigidity
Sheath can preferably protect distribution type fiber-optic 400, can reduce interference of the external disturbance to optical fiber, and in outer protection tube part 200
Flexible shroud is only coated, guarantees that it can deform under the action of water swelling rubber 300.
The maximum swelling volume of preferably embodiment, above-mentioned water swelling rubber 300 is greater than in the leakage loss monitoring
The volume of chamber, so that water swelling rubber 300 can be tightly attached on 100 outer wall of feedwater piping and to water supply after complete expansion
100 outer wall of pipeline generates larger pressure, play the role of it is provisional independently repair, leakage rate can drop after 8~10h occurs for leakage
Leakage rate can reduce leakage rate after 90%, 50h and can reduce by 95% or more (above data be in pressure flow body after low 50%, 30h
It for tap water, is measured under the conditions of pressure 0.35MPa).The water swelling rubber 300 preferably uses vulcanization type expanded rubber
300, low in cost, expansion effect is preferable；It is further preferred that the vulcanization type expanded rubber 300 is by neoprene (CR322)
(PAANa, 400) water absorbent rate is higher than to be made after physical blending, two kinds of raw materials are nontoxic to the human body with cross linked sodium polyacrylate
Side effect is precipitated under the conditions of long-time is soaked without dissolved matter, therefore pollution will not be generated to the water in water distributing network, and
And its compression strength is 4MPa, tearing strength 3.5MPa, and the pressure of municipal network water supply generally 0.3~0.6MPa it
Between, far below the compression strength of expanded rubber 300.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of feedwater piping, including pipeline body 100, at least portion of the pipeline body 100
It is in charge of section equipped with feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device provided by above-described embodiment one, the outer protection tube part 200 is set in pair
It answers on the pipeline section at position.The specific structure of the feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device does not repeat herein.It is excellent in the present embodiment
It is selected as feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device being mounted in the weak locations such as pipe joint in advance, such as flange-interface, bell socket, welding
The positions such as interface, hickey.Above-mentioned feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device is mounted on 100 method of feedwater piping as shown in Figure 2
The schematic diagram of blue interface, in connecting flange is enclosed in by above-mentioned outer protection tube part 200, above-mentioned water swelling rubber 300 with connect
There is certain spacing between flange, be preferred with control in 10~20mm.In above-mentioned outer protection tube part 200 and pipeline body 100
Between link position at encapsulation process, such as in the two contact position sandwiched silicagel pad.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of feedwater piping on-line monitoring system based on OFDR distribution type fiber-optic
System, is configurable on feedwater piping provided by above-described embodiment two comprising sequentially connected distribution type fiber-optic component 500,
Light source generator 600, data acquisition device 700 and data processing centre 900, the light source generator 600 be used for
Distribution type fiber-optic component 500 emits laser and receives the scattering light that distribution type fiber-optic component 500 is passed back, can be used one wide
It is realized with linear frequency sweep light source and a Michelson's interferometer, the data acquisition device 700 is used for distribution type fiber-optic
The fiber-optic monitoring signal that component 500 is passed back is acquired, and photodetector can be used to realize, the photodetector acquires
The optical signal that distribution type fiber-optic component 500 is passed back converts optical signals into electric signal, and passes through signal Wireless Transmitter 800
Data processing centre 900 is passed to, the data processing centre 900 includes that terminal computer and matched data processing are soft
Part, the monitor value for distribution type fiber-optic component 500 based on the received are analyzed, and every monitoring of feedwater piping 100 is obtained
Parameter.As shown in figs. 4 and 7, the distribution type fiber-optic component 500 includes being set to the different degree of fillings in 100 inside of feedwater piping
Multiple monitoring groups of position, in this implementation, there are three the monitoring group tools, including is respectively arranged at 100 degree of filling of feedwater piping
0.85, the first monitoring group 501 at 0.5 and 0.15 position, the second monitoring group 502 and third monitoring group 503, Mei Gejian
Survey group includes a distributed monitoring optical fiber 505, and the distributed monitoring optical fiber 505 is set to 100 inner wall of feedwater piping and edge
The axial setting of feedwater piping 100.Distributed monitoring optical fiber 505 of the present invention is both signal induction device and signal transmission dress
The distributed on line monitoring, it can be achieved that feedwater piping 100 is set, and the monitoring System spatial resolution is high (up to mm grades), for
Monitoring system along any point of journey, can be obtained in real time by the strain value of optical fiber the fluid flow rate of the position, transient flow,
The health status of pipeline siltation and pipeline, monitoring comprehensively, help to carry out macro adjustments and controls to water supply system；Present invention monitoring
Precision height (can be accurate to 0.5 μ ε), monitoring range is wide (usually can be more than 50km), along Cheng Caiyong optical signal transmission, loss of signal
Small, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong.
As one of embodiment, the distributed monitoring optical fiber 505 includes the fiber core set gradually from inside to outside
5001, coat 5002, clad 5003 and flexible shroud 5004.Preferably, the distributed monitoring optical fiber 505 uses
Epoxy resin is pasted on 100 inner wall of feedwater piping.
As shown in figure 5, each monitoring group further includes a distributed strain compensated optical fiber as the preferred of the present embodiment
506, the distributed strain compensated optical fiber 506 is arranged side by side with the corresponding distributed monitoring optical fiber 505, monitor value
As the reference of distributed monitoring optical fiber 505, to exclude the interference of outside noise, vibration etc..Optionally, the distribution
Strain compensation optical fiber 506 includes the fiber core 5001 set gradually from inside to outside, coat 5002, clad 5003, flexibility
Sheath 5004 and rigid sheath 5005, exclude external interference by rigid sheath.The distributed strain compensated optical fiber 506 is same
Sample is pasted on 100 inner wall of feedwater piping using epoxy resin 7.
As shown in figure 4, the distribution type fiber-optic component 500 further includes being set to feedwater piping as the preferred of the present embodiment
The distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504 on 100 inner wall tops, for monitoring strain caused by ambient temperature variation, thus to described
The monitor value of distributed monitoring optical fiber 505 compensates.As shown in fig. 6, optionally, the distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504
Including fiber core 5001, coat 5002, clad 5003, flexible shroud 5004 and the rigidity set gradually from inside to outside
Sheath 5005 has gap, to guarantee optical fiber and flexible shroud between the flexible shroud 5004 and the rigid sheath 5005
5004 can move freely in rigid sheath 5005.The distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504 is also pasted using epoxy resin 7
In 100 inner wall of feedwater piping.By the way that distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504 is set to 100 inner wall top of feedwater piping, interior stream is managed
Stress caused by body flows can not directly act on distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504, and pass through rigid sheath, external interference
Caused stress can not also directly act on distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504, i.e. distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504 monitors
The strain arrived is only related with ambient temperature variation.
Further, the distribution type fiber-optic component 500 is whole enters corresponding feedwater piping 100 along selected valve well,
Using 100 end of feedwater piping of the valve well downstream connection as monitoring starting point, each optical fiber of distribution type fiber-optic component 500
It is arranged apart by arrangement needs in feedwater piping 100.It is described in the position by selected valve well and valve downstream well
Distribution type fiber-optic component 500 is laid using the form of integral sleeve stainless steel sleeve pipe along valve well inner wall, prevents optical fiber by outer
Portion destroys, and optical fiber can move freely in stainless steel sleeve pipe.Distribution type fiber-optic component 500 is in valve well without fluid
Feature monitoring, only carries out monitoring structural health conditions.
Each optical fiber of the distribution type fiber-optic component 500 can use general single mode fiber, low in cost, be suitble to
The large-scale use in water supply system.
Each optical fiber of distribution type fiber-optic component 500 is drawn in a manner of single-ended connection from monitoring starting point, and starting point is monitored
Position flexibly chosen in combination with the characteristics of water supply network, optical fiber final position is to monitor system end, and distal optical fiber is not necessarily to
Consider circuit.
The monitor value of the data processing centre 900 distribution type fiber-optic component 500 based on the received is analyzed, and is obtained
The specific method is as follows for every monitoring parameters of feedwater piping 100:
The relationship being positively correlated using the spectral shift amount and fluid flow rate of distributed monitoring optical fiber 505, first using distribution
Formula optical fiber demarcates flow velocity and shearing stress in experimental enviroment, passes through calibration value and distribution during actual monitoring
The shearing stress inverse of monitoring optical fiber 505 goes out fluid flow rate；
The pressure oscillation model of transient flow is obtained by the strain value and strain fluctuation range of distributed monitoring optical fiber 505
It encloses and energy dissipation situation；
According to whether occurring the fluctuation range of a certain section of strain value in the strain monitoring result of distributed monitoring optical fiber 505
It is significantly less than the fluctuation of strain value around the position, judges whether pipeline deposits；
Whether there is position constant strain abnormality peak value occur according to distributed monitoring optical fiber 505, judges feedwater piping
Whether 100 occur that pipeline creep, Non-uniform Settlement, local fracture, connector falls off or the pipeline health of corrosive pipeline is asked
Topic.
The data processing centre 900 can also be compensated by distributed strain compensated optical fiber 506 and distributed temperature
The monitor value of optical fiber 504 realizes the compensation to external interference, and the specific method is as follows:
The monitor value of distributed monitoring optical fiber 505 is subtracted to the monitor value of distributed strain compensated optical fiber 506, can be disappeared
Except extraneous vibration interference error；
The monitor value of distributed monitoring optical fiber 505 is subtracted to the monitor value of distributed temperature compensated optical fiber 504, can be disappeared
The error generated except extraneous temperature change.
By the measure of above-mentioned external interference error compensation, so that the precision of monitoring is higher.
Every monitoring parameters are obtained to data processing centre below and the principle that compensates to external interference and in detail
Method is illustrated.
The big monitoring parameters of data processing centre available five: flow monitoring, transient flow monitoring, degree of filling monitoring, pipeline
Sediment monitor ing and pipeline health monitoring parameter.
1) flow monitoring
In heavy caliber water-supply-pipe, water flowing form is mainly that nearly wall turbulent flow is sheared in unstable state, turbulent viscosity at any time with
Space and change, still immature about the theory of turbulent flow at present, it is accurately fixed that fluid is difficult to the circumferential shearing stress of inner wall of the pipe
Amount indicates, but can derive the qualitative relationship for proving itself and axial time average velocity by following.
Pipeline stream can be described with Navier-Stokes equation, but unintentional nonlinearity item leads to equation in equation
It can not accurately solve so far.French scholar Boussinesq is to the Reynalds stress item in Navier-Stokes equation
Quantitative research has been carried out, has derived axial shearing stress expression formula in turbulent flow:
In formula, αmFor turbulent fluctuation momentum exchange coefficient；
ρ is the density of water；
U, y is respectively axial flow velocity and circumferential flow velocity.
It is similar therewith, available pipeline stream circumferential direction shearing stress expression formula:
In conjunction with the semiempirical turbulent theory (mixing length theory) that German scholar L.Prandtl is proposed, to above-mentioned turbulent flow ring
It is further simplified, obtains to shearing stress formula:
In formula, l is the mean free path in stream group blending procedure.
Fluid circumferential direction turbulence intensity can be expressed from the next again:
Fluid turbulence intensity is to measure its turbulent fluctuation degree, and for nearly wall turbulent flow, axial time average velocity is bigger, and fluid is each
Stronger to turbulent fluctuation, i.e., with the increase of axial time average velocity, circumferential flow rate-of-change is greater than axial time average velocity, therefore can be with
Think formula middle termIt is positively correlated with fluid axial direction time average velocity, i.e., fluid axial direction time average velocity is bigger in feedwater piping, stream
Body is also bigger to the circumferential shearing stress of inner wall of the pipe.
Above-mentioned conclusion can also pass through the qualitative derivation of following formula:
The estimation formula of tubulence energy k is as follows:
In formula, v is the mean flow rate of fluid；
I is turbulence intensity, and calculation formula is as follows:
In formula, v is the mean flow rate of fluid；
υ is fluid motion viscosity；
D is hydraulic radius.
(1-5), (1-6) two formula are merged, obtained:
By formula (1-6) it can be concluded that the quantitative relationship of fluid mean flow rate and tubulence energy, rapid in process fluid flow
Kinetic energy will be dissipated in the form of pulse viscous stress and the work of deformation that strain forms of pulsing, that is, turbulent vortices be formed, in pipeline
Near wall, various sizes of turbulent vortices collide with inner wall of the pipe.Flow velocity is bigger, and Hydrodynamic turbulence can be bigger, turbulent vortices
It is bigger to the shearing stress of inner wall of the pipe.
For distribution type fiber-optic, it is dry that beat frequency occurs for the reference luminous energy in internal backward Rayleigh scattering light and reference arm
It relates to, Fourier transformation is carried out to interference spectrum, can obtain various information of the distribution type fiber-optic along journey, and distribution type fiber-optic
When certain point external condition (strain etc.) changes, the backward rayleigh scattering spectrum of the point shifts, and offset and strain value are at just
Than.It is above positively correlated with fluid flow rate in the qualitative proof pipeline of two methods with pipeline circumferential direction shearing stress, by material power
Formula is learned it is found that stress and strain suffered by material is directly proportional, and fibre strain is directly proportional to spectral shift amount, therefore can be with
Think, spectral shift amount is positively correlated with fluid flow rate.Distribution type fiber-optic based on OFDR is extremely sensitive, and monitoring accuracy is up to 0.5
με.Distribution type fiber-optic can be used to demarcate flow velocity and shearing stress in experimental enviroment, pass through calibration value in later period monitoring
With shearing stress can inverse go out fluid flow rate.It should be noted that Turbulence Flow is extremely complex, the flow velocity prison referred in the present invention
There are certain errors for brake, but pass through the data in a variety of error concealment measures and later period monitoring process of this system proposition
Accumulation and check and correction, can be by control errors in a certain range.
2) transient flow (water hammer) monitors
Intelligent control, major embodiment are carried out according to key node of the real-time fluidised form information of feedwater piping to pipe-line system
In valve opening variation, the variation of water pump operation operating condition etc..The variation of these system parameters will generate in-pipe flow fluidised form important
It influences, especially large diameter pipeline under flowing full state, close or water pump stops all that there may be water suddenly by the unexpected of valve
Hammer, damages pipeline configuration.Russia scholar Joukovsky proposes the pass of pipeline pressure and flow velocity under the conditions of transient flow
System:
In formula, Δ H is the head (m) of generation during sudden change of flow speed；
A is pressure wave speed (m/s)；
G is acceleration of gravity, (m/s2)；
V0 is fluids within pipes mean flow rate (m/s).
From the above equation, we can see that transient flow process medium fluid kinetic head is by partly or entirely being transformed into pressure head (ignores office
Portion's water damage), biggish direct stress is generated to inner wall of the pipe, promotes distributive fiber optic strain.Since water hammer only occurs in pipeline office
Portion position will significantly increase whole water-supply line in the strain value for the local location distribution type fiber-optic that water hammer occurs, bright
The aobvious strain value greater than this upstream and downstream other positions, embodying on the computer screen will be that ordinate (strain value) is abnormal
A string of instantaneous strain peaks of protrusion, specifically, passing through abscissa fluctuation range (the i.e. influence model for reading string strain peak extremely
Enclose) range of pressure fluctuations of available transient flow, it can be obtained by reading the string most value of strain spike peak and trough extremely
To transient flow energy dissipation situation.
3) pipeline sediment monitor ing
Raw water pipeline siltation usually occurs in local turning point or knick point, when the sediment deposit covering third monitoring of pipeline
When group, influence of the turbulent fluctuation of fluid to third monitoring group will substantially be weakened because of the presence of sediment deposit, the distribution of third monitoring group
It will be that the corresponding strain value fluctuation range of certain section of abscissa is significantly less than around the position that formula, which monitors fibre strain monitoring result,
Fluctuation also can determine whether pipeline furthermore by the strain signal difference of comparison same position the second monitoring group and third monitoring group
Siltation position, and then the abscissa value is read, it can further obtain the length that siltation pipeline section occurs.
4) pipeline health monitoring
Distributed optical fiber sensing system can also be achieved pipeline creep, Non-uniform Settlement, local fracture, connector fall off, manage
The pipelines health monitorings such as road corrosion.The above phenomenon is based on distributive fiber optic strain monitoring principle, i.e., when pipeline somewhere goes out
When the existing above problem, the corresponding position of distribution type fiber-optic will appear constant strain abnormality peak, by reading the strain abnormality peak
Corresponding abscissa positions, and coordinate system conversion is carried out, it can be obtained the specific location of pipeline accident point.It is worth noting that
When pipeline occurs to disconnect, be broken etc., the distribution type fiber-optic of corresponding position may be broken, and remain to pass through in that case
Backward Rayleigh scattering positions fault point, but the later period needs to change the optical fiber of corresponding position.The local replacing of distribution type fiber-optic
It can be completed by optical fiber splicer.
Feedwater piping is usually embedded in below urban road, and the interference such as extraneous vibration is larger, and the data processing centre is also
It can be compensated using following interference compensation method:
1) strain compensation
Feedwater piping or deep tunnel are usually embedded in below urban road, the generations such as vehicle driving or tube circumference construction
Vibration can cause certain interference to distributed optical fiber sensing system.To exclude the above interference, in the first, second and third prison
In survey group, a distributed strain compensated optical fiber is respectively set.Distributed strain compensated optical fiber outermost uses rigid sheath packet
It covers, can avoid fluids within pipes flowing influences it, and outermost rigid sheath is closely connect with the flexible shroud of time outer layer,
It is considered that the monitor value of strain compensation optical fiber is that the comprehensive of external interference embodies, the monitor value of distributed monitoring optical fiber is subtracted
The monitor value of distributed strain compensated optical fiber is removed, external interference error can be eliminated.
2) temperature-compensating
Distributed optical fiber sensing system will be mounted in pipeline and work for a long time, with season alternation, ambient temperature variation
Inside of optical fibre refractive index will be caused to change, to generate certain error.For this purpose, laying one on inner wall of the pipe top
Distributed temperature compensated optical fiber, the optical fiber outermost layer are rigid sheath, and secondary outer layer is flexible shroud, rigid sheath and flexible shield
There are a fixed gap between set, i.e., distribution type fiber-optic and its flexible clad can in rigid sheath free extension.Pass through this kind
Stress caused by measure, external interference and tube fluid flow can not directly act on temperature-compensated fiber, i.e. temperature-compensating light
The strain that fibre monitors is only related with ambient temperature variation.The monitor value of distributed monitoring optical fiber is subtracted distributed temperature to mend
The monitor value of optical fiber is repaid, the error that ambient temperature variation generates can be eliminated.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device, it is characterised in that: including annular outer protection tube part, the outer protection tube part has can
The inner ring opening installation end being sleeved on feedwater piping and the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity being connected to inner ring opening installation end, in
Water swelling rubber and the distribution type fiber-optic in the water swelling rubber, institute are equipped in the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity
It states distribution type fiber-optic both ends and is pierced by the outer protection tube part respectively.
2. feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the maximum of the water swelling rubber
Swelling volume is greater than the volume of the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity.
3. feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the water swelling rubber is
Vulcanization type expanded rubber.
4. feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the outer protection tube part includes two and half
Endless tube body, the two semi-ring tube body splicings, which are fixed and enclosed, to be set to form the leakage loss monitoring inner cavity.
5. feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: two semi-ring tube body stitching portions folder
Equipped with silicagel pad.
6. feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the distribution type fiber-optic is arranged with soft
Property sheath, and it is located at the fiber segment except the outer protection tube part and is also arranged with rigid sheath, the rigid sheath is sheathed on institute
It states except flexible shroud.
7. feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the distribution type fiber-optic is described outer
Place's encapsulation process is worn on pillar part.
8. a kind of feedwater piping, including pipeline body, it is characterised in that: at least partly pipeline section of the pipeline body is equipped with such as
Feedwater piping leakage loss monitoring device described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the outer protection tube part are set in corresponding position
On pipeline section.
9. feedwater piping as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: be set with to the connecting portion less than the pipeline body
There is the outer protection tube part.
10. feedwater piping as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: be disposed with multiple monitoring groups in the pipeline body, respectively
The monitoring group is sequentially arranged along the pipeline body difference degree of filling position, and each above-mentioned monitoring group includes at least one distribution
Formula monitors optical fiber, and each distributed monitoring optical fiber is axially set on the pipeline body inner wall along the pipeline body,
Each distributed monitoring optical fiber is respectively connected with light source generator and data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device is connected with
Data processing centre.
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| CN110056783A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-26 | 吉林建筑大学 | A kind of water supply network dropout detection device and its detection method |
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