CN106764463B - A kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring device and method - Google Patents
A kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106764463B CN106764463B CN201710136942.6A CN201710136942A CN106764463B CN 106764463 B CN106764463 B CN 106764463B CN 201710136942 A CN201710136942 A CN 201710136942A CN 106764463 B CN106764463 B CN 106764463B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pipe leakages based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring device and method, including beam splitting system, demodulating system, control system and the fiber-optic grating sensor being fixed on long straight tube pipeline outer wall and on pipe bent position outer wall, it is fixed on fiber-optic grating sensor on long straight tube pipeline outer wall only one fiber grating and along axial equidistant arrangement, judge whether long straight pipeline leaks by measuring the situation of change of pipeline hoop strain, find leak position, obtain homogeneous corrosion situation, the fiber grating being equipped on multiple fiber gratings and same fiber-optic grating sensor on the fiber-optic grating sensor being fixed on pipe bent position outer wall is circumferentially uniformly arranged, the unsymmetrical corrosion situation of pipe bent position is judged by measuring the situation of change of local hoop strain.The apparatus structure is simple, at low cost, easy for installation, monitoring accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Monitoring Pinpelines technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, corruption
Lose on-Line Monitor Device and method.
Background technique
Pipeline is widely used in the laying of transport and power cable of oil, gas and water etc. etc., and the health status of pipeline determines
The service life and rate of breakdown of pipeline in order to reduce rate of breakdown need to be monitored pipeline.Existing pipe
Intelligent detector is mainly placed in pipeline by road monitoring method (Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting method, detection method of eddy and ultrasonic Detection Method etc.)
It is interior, under the promotion of pumped (conveying) medium, complete the inside and outside corrosion default of pipeline detection, testing principle be wall-thickness measurement variation from
And obtain the Corrosion developing situation of pipeline.Existing Monitoring Pinpelines method carries out periodic detection to (buried) pipeline, although can
The safety of (buried) pipeline is improved, but still there are many shortcomings, defect most outstanding is cannot be to (buried) conduit running
State is measured in real time, and whether safety can only be estimated pipeline according to last time testing result between detecting twice, but this estimate
Usually there is very big error due to being influenced during conduit running by many uncertain factors, it is difficult to pipe safety is completely secured,
This is just that (buried) pipeline damage leaves hidden danger.And as (buried) pipe applications over long distances are more and more, utilization is existing
These detection methods detect (buried) pipeline, and detection will once take a long time, and efficiency is very low.
When pipeline leaks, causes partial fluid density to reduce because of the loss of fluid at leakage, cause instantaneously to press
Power reduces.Instantaneous pressure drop acts on fluid media (medium), forms a suction wave.Suction wave is passed with the velocity of sound to pipeline upstream and downstream
It broadcasts, conventional method is using the pressure sensor detection pressure wave signal that pipe ends are arranged in, according to signal intensity degree and change
The time difference of change can carry out leak judgement and leakage positioning using signal correlation process method.It is traditional based on pressure sensing
The suction wave detection method of device has certain limitation, i.e., must known suction wave spread speed.And suction wave velocity of wave is close by fluid
The influence of the various aspects parameter such as degree, pipeline material, pipeline wall thickness, leads to that the accurate of suction wave velocity of wave can not be obtained in Practical Project
Value.
Article of the publication in 2 months 2007 in " laser technology " the 1st phase of volume 31 " applies the fiber grating temperature in oil-gas pipeline
Spend strain sensing system " in, one fiber grating temperature sensor is respectively installed in portal and exit, one is installed in station
Pressure sensor obtains the variable quantity of oil-gas pipeline Crude Oil pressure and temperature, thus according to different strains and temperature value,
The measures such as corresponding temperature-pressure or decompression are taken in standing, it is ensured that crude oil is smoothly outer defeated in petroleum pipeline；But this system is only
The case where capable of finding when oil gas is largely revealed, is unable to forecast in time at leakage initial stage；In October, 2013 publication " is passing
Feel Technology " " oil-gas pipeline based on short grid region fiber-optic grating sensor corrodes on-line checking for the article of the 10th phase of volume 26
System research " in, in oil-gas pipeline outer surface, circumferentially laying optical fiber grating strain transducer, monitoring oil-gas pipeline are circumferentially answered
Become, to monitor oil-gas pipeline corrosion condition, prevents crude oil leakage.But this system only carries out list to each measurement point
One temperature monitoring or single strain monitoring, monitoring data are excessively single, and rate of false alarm is higher.Authorization Notice No. is
By light in a kind of Chinese invention patent " optical fiber grating sensing testing system for oil-gas pipeline detection " of ZL03137597.9
The monitoring of underground piping is carried out in fiber grating sensor and transmission fiber embedment oil-gas pipeline tube wall, but this system works as optical fiber
When grating sensor or transmission fiber break down, it will be unable to complete replacement, cause what oil-gas pipeline can not reuse to ask
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring device and sides
Method, the device can be monitored in real time the leakage of long straight pipeline, find leak position, obtain homogeneous corrosion situation, can supervise in real time
The unsymmetrical corrosion situation of pipe bent position is surveyed, structure is simple, at low cost, easy for installation, monitoring accuracy is high.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring device, including
Several use the fiber-optic grating sensor of composite material encapsulation, and fiber-optic grating sensor is fixed with certain pretightning force
On long straight tube pipeline outer wall and on pipe bent position outer wall, be fixed on fiber-optic grating sensor on long straight tube pipeline outer wall only one
Fiber grating and along axial equidistant arrangement, is equipped with multiple optical fiber on the fiber-optic grating sensor being fixed on pipe bent position outer wall
Fiber grating on grating and same fiber-optic grating sensor is circumferentially uniformly arranged；
Beam splitting system, including wideband light source, circulator and photoswitch, wideband light source issue light successively pass through circulator and
The fiber grating of each fiber-optic grating sensor is arrived separately at after photoswitch, the reflected light of fiber grating passes sequentially through light and opens
It closes and reaches demodulating system after circulator；
Demodulating system, for digital letter will to be tuned into from the reflected photodissociation of the fiber grating of each fiber-optic grating sensor
Number；
Control system, for controlling photoswitch and carrying out analysis to the digital signal of demodulating system demodulation to judge pipeline
Leak position and corrosion condition.
Further, fiber-optic grating sensor selects corresponding encapsulating material according to the operating temperature of pipeline and carves grid work
Skill.
Further, the encapsulating material of fiber-optic grating sensor is glass fibre or carbon fiber.
Further, fiber-optic grating sensor is pasted by epoxy resin glue and is fixed.
Further, the fixed point of the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating is located at both ends, is equipped with multiple light
The fixed point of the fiber-optic grating sensor of fine grating is located at the two sides of each fiber grating.
A kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, along axis on long straight tube pipeline outer wall
To equidistantly fixing the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating, be fixed with multiple fiber gratings on pipe bent position outer wall
And fiber-optic grating sensor that fiber grating is evenly distributed, the signal that each fiber grating is reflected back handle
The variation of pipeline hoop strain at where to each fiber grating；
The situation of change of pipeline hoop strain is measured by the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating to judge
Whether long straight pipeline leaks, finds leak position, obtains homogeneous corrosion situation --- when only leaking, centered on leakage point
It is a transient process that the pipeline hoop strain of upstream and downstream, which will appear the mutation that one is successively gradually weakened and this mutation, right
The mutation value of each pipeline hoop strain takes logarithm and carries out straight line fitting, and the intersection point of two fitting a straight lines is prominent for pipeline hoop strain
Variate maximum position, that is, leak position；When homogeneous corrosion only occurs, the pipeline hoop strain at homogeneous corrosion position be will increase still
Around pipeline hoop strain it is constant, by the pipeline hoop strain at homogeneous corrosion position find out the wall thickness at homogeneous corrosion position from
And obtain homogeneous corrosion situation；When leakage and homogeneous corrosion occur simultaneously, answered by the pipeline circumferential direction of center upstream and downstream of leakage point
Change will appear the mutation that one is successively gradually weakened and this mutation is a transient process, uniformly rotten in non-transient process
The pipeline hoop strain at erosion position will increase but the pipeline hoop strain of surrounding is constant, to the mutation value of each pipeline hoop strain
It takes logarithm and carries out straight line fitting, the intersection point of two fitting a straight lines is that pipeline hoop strain mutation value maximum position leaks position
It sets, the wall thickness at homogeneous corrosion position is found out in the pipeline hoop strain of non-transient process to obtain by homogeneous corrosion position
Even corrosion condition；
Fiber-optic grating sensor by being equipped with multiple fiber gratings measures the situation of change of local hoop strain to judge
The unsymmetrical corrosion situation of pipe bent position --- the hoop strain of pipeline part is measured to the same fiber-optic grating sensor and makees interpolation meter
The hoop strain distribution trend in section where obtaining is calculated, the big corresponding corrosion of the pipe wall in place of hoop strain is serious.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. being monitoring leakage situation for long straight pipeline key, long straight pipeline is uniformly washed away, the corrosion one of pipeline
As be homogeneous corrosion (no turbulent flow, turbulent flow, homogeneous corrosion), the process of homogeneous corrosion may be considered a static process, no
The generation of catastrophe is had, and leakage is the process of a transient state, it completely can be leakage for the angle of signal processing
It is distinguished with homogeneous corrosion, it is in this case, uniform with the fiber-optic grating sensor test tube road of only one fiber grating
Hoop strain can find out the wall thickness of the cross section pipe, to obtain homogeneous corrosion situation, and be declined using negative pressure wave energy
Subtraction is it may determine that pipe leakage position.Monitoring corrosion condition for pipe bent position key, the different location of pipe bent position by
Degradation degree it is different, the case where causing different parts in the same section to corrode, is different, and pipeline generally will appear non-
Homogeneous corrosion (has turbulent flow, turbulent flow, unsymmetrical corrosion), and the fiber-optic grating sensor equipped with multiple fiber gratings measures pipeline part
Hoop strain it can be concluded that place section hoop strain distribution trend, the bigger corresponding corrosion of the pipe wall in place of hoop strain is more
Seriously, the device be directed to long straight pipeline and pipe bent position the characteristics of can be monitored in real time the leakage of long straight pipeline, find leak position,
Obtain homogeneous corrosion situation, can be monitored in real time the unsymmetrical corrosion situation of pipe bent position, whole device structure is simple, it is at low cost,
It is easy for installation, monitoring accuracy is high.
2. assume pipeline endless, the pressure in pipeline causes pipeline outer wall to generate circumferential deformation there are following formula,
Middle hIt is internal pipe pressure for pipeline wall thickness, p, r is internal diameter of the pipeline, εyIt is pipeline bullet for pipeline outer wall hoop strain, E
Property modulus, it is known that the variation of pipeline pressure and wall thickness can all cause the variation of pipeline hoop strain, pipeline pressure caused by revealing
Variation be pipeline wall thickness caused by transient state, corrosion variation very slowly close to static state, for the angle of signal processing
Leakage and homogeneous corrosion can be distinguished completely.Pipe leakage will lead to the reduction of pipe leakage point pressure, the wave that pressure reduces
It can be decayed with exponential form and be transmitted, therefore pipeline hoop strain can be in certain rule to pipeline upstream and downstream centered on leakage point
Distribution, it is bigger closer to leakage point hoop strain mutation, compared to traditional suction wave positioning leakage point methods, using energy attenuation
Method improves pipeline minimum detectable slip, both physical without pipe diameter, wall thickness, elasticity modulus and fluids within pipes
The related parameter such as matter is not also limited by pipeline suction wave velocity of wave exact value, only need to obtain leakage by a series of measuring points
When hoop strain value, the position of pipe leakage can be fitted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the installation cross section view of the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the installation cross section view of the fiber-optic grating sensor in the embodiment of the present invention equipped with multiple fiber gratings.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for judging pipe leakage position in the embodiment of the present invention using energy attenuation method.
In figure: 1- demodulating system；2- control system；3- circulator；4- wideband light source；5- photoswitch；6- fiber grating passes
Sensor A1；7- fiber-optic grating sensor A2；8- fiber-optic grating sensor A3；9 fiber-optic grating sensor A4；10- fiber grating passes
Sensor A5；11- fiber-optic grating sensor A6；12- fiber-optic grating sensor A7；13- fiber-optic grating sensor R1；14- optical fiber light
Gate sensor B2；15- fiber-optic grating sensor B3；16- fiber-optic grating sensor B4；17- fiber-optic grating sensor B5；18- light
Fiber grating sensor B6；19- fiber-optic grating sensor B7；20- fiber-optic grating sensor C1；21- fiber-optic grating sensor C2；
22- fiber-optic grating sensor C3；23- fiber-optic grating sensor C4；24- fiber-optic grating sensor C5；25- fiber-optic grating sensor
C6；26- fiber-optic grating sensor C7；27- fiber-optic grating sensor D1；28- fiber-optic grating sensor D2；29- fiber grating passes
Sensor D3；30- fiber-optic grating sensor D4；31- fiber-optic grating sensor D5；32- fiber-optic grating sensor D6；33- optical fiber light
Gate sensor D7；34- pipe bent position；35- long straight pipeline；36- epoxy resin glue；37- optical fiber；38- encapsulating material；39- optical fiber
Grating；At where 40- fiber grating；The leak position 41-.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring device, including several
Fiber-optic grating sensor, beam splitting system, demodulating system 1 and the control system 2 encapsulated using composite material.
Fiber-optic grating sensor is fixed on long 35 outer wall of straight pipeline with certain pretightning force (amount of tension 2nm) and pipe bent position
On 34 outer walls, the fiber-optic grating sensor (the fiber-optic grating sensor A1 to A6, fiber grating that are fixed on long 35 outer wall of straight pipeline
Sensor R1 to B6, fiber-optic grating sensor C1 to C6, fiber-optic grating sensor D1 to D6) only one fiber grating 39 are simultaneously
And along axial equidistant arrangement, fiber-optic grating sensor (the fiber-optic grating sensor A7, optical fiber light being fixed on 34 outer wall of pipe bent position
Gate sensor B7, fiber-optic grating sensor C7, fiber-optic grating sensor D7) on be equipped with multiple fiber gratings 39 (in this implementation
Example in be 6 fiber gratings 39) and same fiber-optic grating sensor on fiber grating 39 circumferentially uniformly arrangement；Light splitting system
System, including wideband light source 4, circulator 3 and photoswitch 5, the light that wideband light source 4 issues is successively after circulator 3 and photoswitch 5
The fiber grating 39 of each fiber-optic grating sensor is arrived separately at, the reflected light of fiber grating 39 passes sequentially through photoswitch 5
With arrival demodulating system 1 after circulator 3；Demodulating system 1, for will be reflected from the fiber grating 39 of each fiber-optic grating sensor
Photodissociation back is tuned into digital signal；Control system 2, for control photoswitch 5 and to demodulating system 1 demodulate digital signal into
Row analysis is to judge pipe leakage position 41 and corrosion condition.
In the present embodiment, wideband light source 4 output tail optical fiber and circulator 3 input tail optical fiber welding, demodulating system 1 it is defeated
Enter the output tail optical fiber welding of tail optical fiber Yu circulator 3, another output tail optical fiber of circulator 3 and the input tail optical fiber of photoswitch 5 are molten
Connect, photoswitch 5 be 1 × 4 photoswitch 5, the four road optical fiber separated respectively with fiber-optic grating sensor A1, fiber-optic grating sensor
R1, fiber-optic grating sensor C1, fiber-optic grating sensor D1 welding, fiber-optic grating sensor A1 to A7 concatenation, fiber grating pass
Sensor R1 to B7 concatenation, fiber-optic grating sensor C1 to C7 concatenation, fiber-optic grating sensor D1 to D7 concatenation, photoswitch 5 and control
System 2 processed is connected by RS232 data line, and demodulating system 1 is connect with control system 2 by RS232 data line, wideband light source 4
For ASE wideband light source 4, operating wavelength range is 1520nm to 1570nm, 8 hours output power stabilities≤± 0.01dB,
It exports degree of polarization≤0.01 of light wave, export spectral flatness≤0.5dB, the Output optical power >=20mW of light wave；Circulator 3
Central wavelength be 1550nm, input tail optical fiber and output tail optical fiber be all made of single mode optical fiber SMF-28；The input work of demodulating system 1
Rate range is -70dBm to -30dBm, wave-length coverage is 1520nm to 1570nm, wavelength resolution 1pm, wavelength accuracy be ±
40pm, power resolution 0.1dBm, have RS232 communication interface, and input tail optical fiber uses single mode optical fiber SMF-28；Photoswitch 5
Wave-length coverage be 1260nm to 1650nm, switching time≤1ms of adjacent optical channel, insertion loss≤0.5dB has
RS232 communication interface, input tail optical fiber and output tail optical fiber are all made of single mode optical fiber SMF-28, and the coupling ratio of photoswitch 5 is 25: 25:
25: 25, input tail optical fiber and output tail optical fiber are all made of single mode optical fiber SMF-28.
It is monitoring leakage situation for long 35 key of straight pipeline, long straight pipeline 35 is uniformly washed away, the corrosion of pipeline
Generally homogeneous corrosion (no turbulent flow, turbulent flow, homogeneous corrosion), the process of homogeneous corrosion may be considered a static process,
Do not have the generation of catastrophe, and leak be a transient state process, completely can be letting out for the angle of signal processing
Leakage and homogeneous corrosion distinguish, in this case, with the fiber-optic grating sensor test tube road of only one fiber grating 39
Uniform hoop strain can find out the wall thickness of the cross section pipe, to obtain homogeneous corrosion situation, and use negative pressure wave energy
Damped method is measured it may determine that pipe leakage position 41.It is monitoring corrosion condition for 34 key of pipe bent position, pipe bent position 34 is not
Different, the pipeline one of the case where degradation degree being subject to position is different, and the different parts in the same section is caused to corrode
As will appear unsymmetrical corrosion (having turbulent flow, turbulent flow, unsymmetrical corrosion), the fiber-optic grating sensor equipped with multiple fiber gratings 39
Measure the hoop strain of pipeline part it can be concluded that place section hoop strain distribution trend, the bigger place of hoop strain is corresponding
Corrosion of the pipe wall it is more serious, the device be directed to long straight pipeline 35 and pipe bent position 34 the characteristics of long straight pipeline 35 can be monitored in real time
It leaks, finds leak position 41, obtains homogeneous corrosion situation, the unsymmetrical corrosion situation of pipe bent position 34 can be monitored in real time, it is whole
A apparatus structure is simple, at low cost, easy for installation, monitoring accuracy is high.
In the present invention, fiber-optic grating sensor selects corresponding encapsulating material 38 according to the operating temperature of pipeline and carves grid
Technique.To meet the stability that fiber-optic grating sensor works in different temperature.
In the present embodiment, the encapsulating material 38 of fiber-optic grating sensor is glass fibre or carbon fiber.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, fiber-optic grating sensor is pasted by epoxy resin glue 36 and is fixed.
The fixed point of the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating 39 is located at both ends, the optical fiber light equipped with multiple fiber gratings 39
The fixed point of gate sensor is located at the two sides of each fiber grating 39.
A kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, the edge on long 35 outer wall of straight pipeline
It is axial equidistantly to fix the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating 39, be fixed with multiple light on 34 outer wall of pipe bent position
Fine grating 39 and fiber-optic grating sensor that fiber grating 39 is evenly distributed, the letter that each fiber grating 39 is reflected back
Number handled to obtain variation (the reflected photodissociation of fiber grating 39 of 40 pipeline hoop strains at where each fiber grating
It is tuned into digital signal, converts wavelength for digital signal, the variation of wavelength is the variation of pipeline hoop strain), by only
The fiber-optic grating sensor of one fiber grating 39 measures the situation of change of pipeline hoop strain whether to judge long straight pipeline 35
Leak, find leak position 41, obtain homogeneous corrosion situation --- when only leaking, using leakage point as the pipe of center upstream and downstream
It is a transient process that road hoop strain, which will appear the mutation that one is successively gradually weakened and this mutation, circumferential to each pipeline
The mutation value of strain takes logarithm and carries out straight line fitting, and the intersection point of two fitting a straight lines is pipeline hoop strain mutation value dominant bit
Set i.e. leak position 41 (referring to fig. 4)；When homogeneous corrosion only occurs, the pipeline hoop strain at homogeneous corrosion position be will increase still
Around pipeline hoop strain it is constant, by the pipeline hoop strain at homogeneous corrosion position find out the wall thickness at homogeneous corrosion position from
And obtain homogeneous corrosion situation；When leakage and homogeneous corrosion occur simultaneously, answered by the pipeline circumferential direction of center upstream and downstream of leakage point
Change will appear the mutation that one is successively gradually weakened and this mutation is a transient process, uniformly rotten in non-transient process
The pipeline hoop strain at erosion position will increase but the pipeline hoop strain of surrounding is constant, to the mutation value of each pipeline hoop strain
It takes logarithm and carries out straight line fitting, the intersection point of two fitting a straight lines is pipeline hoop strain mutation value maximum position i.e. leak position
41 (referring to fig. 4) found out the wall thickness at homogeneous corrosion position by homogeneous corrosion position in the pipeline hoop strain of non-transient process
To obtain homogeneous corrosion situation；Fiber-optic grating sensor by being equipped with multiple fiber gratings 39 measures local hoop strain
Situation of change judges the unsymmetrical corrosion situation of pipe bent position 34 --- pipeline part is measured to the same fiber-optic grating sensor
Interpolation calculating is done in hoop strain, and (fiber grating more than 39 on fiber-optic grating sensor, interpolation operation is more accurate, reflects tube wall
Unsymmetrical corrosion situation is truer) obtain where section hoop strain distribution trend, the big corresponding pipe in place of hoop strain
Wall erosion is serious.
Assuming that pipeline endless, the pressure in pipeline causes pipeline outer wall to generate circumferential deformation there are following formula,
Wherein h is pipeline wall thickness, p is internal pipe pressure, r is internal diameter of the pipeline, εyIt is pipeline elasticity for pipeline outer wall hoop strain, E
Modulus, it is known that the variation of pipeline pressure and wall thickness can all cause the variation of pipeline hoop strain, pipeline pressure caused by revealing
Variation is the variation of pipeline wall thickness caused by transient state, corrosion very slowly close to static state, is finished from the angle of signal processing
Leakage and homogeneous corrosion can be distinguished entirely.Pipe leakage will lead to the reduction of pipe leakage point pressure, the wave meeting that pressure reduces
Decayed with exponential form and transmitted, therefore pipeline hoop strain can be divided to pipeline upstream and downstream in certain rule centered on leakage point
Cloth, it is bigger closer to leakage point hoop strain mutation, compared to traditional suction wave positioning leakage point methods, using energy attenuation method
Pipeline minimum detectable slip is improved, pipe diameter, wall thickness, elasticity modulus and fluids within pipes physical property are both not necessarily to
It etc. related parameter, is not also limited by pipeline suction wave velocity of wave exact value, when need to only obtain leakage generation by a series of measuring points
Hoop strain value, the position of pipe leakage can be fitted.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, it is characterised in that: outside long straight pipeline
Equidistantly fixed on wall along axial direction the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating, be fixed on pipe bent position outer wall it is multiple
Fiber grating and fiber-optic grating sensor that fiber grating is evenly distributed, the signal that each fiber grating is reflected back into
Row processing obtains the variation of pipeline hoop strain at each fiber grating place；
It is long straight to judge to measure the situation of change of pipeline hoop strain by the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating
Whether pipeline leaks, finds leak position, obtains homogeneous corrosion situation --- when only leaking, centered on leakage point up and down
It is a transient process that the pipeline hoop strain of trip, which will appear the mutation that one is successively gradually weakened and this mutation, to each pipe
The mutation value of road hoop strain takes logarithm and carries out straight line fitting, and the intersection point of two fitting a straight lines is pipeline hoop strain mutation value
Maximum position, that is, leak position；When homogeneous corrosion only occurs, the pipeline hoop strain at homogeneous corrosion position will increase but surrounding
Pipeline hoop strain it is constant, the wall thickness at homogeneous corrosion position is found out to obtain by the pipeline hoop strain at homogeneous corrosion position
Take homogeneous corrosion situation；When leakage and homogeneous corrosion occur simultaneously, using leakage point as the pipeline hoop strain meeting of center upstream and downstream
There is a mutation successively gradually weakened and this mutation is a transient process, in non-transient process, homogeneous corrosion portion
The pipeline hoop strain of position will increase but around pipeline hoop strain it is constant, the mutation value of each pipeline hoop strain is taken pair
Count and carry out straight line fitting, the intersection point of two fitting a straight lines is pipeline hoop strain mutation value maximum position i.e. leak position, lead to
It crosses homogeneous corrosion position and finds out the wall thickness at homogeneous corrosion position in the pipeline hoop strain of non-transient process to obtain uniformly corruption
Lose situation；
Fiber-optic grating sensor by being equipped with multiple fiber gratings measures the situation of change of local hoop strain to judge bend pipe
The unsymmetrical corrosion situation at place --- it the hoop strain of pipeline part is measured to the same fiber-optic grating sensor does interpolation and calculate
The hoop strain distribution trend in section where out, the big corresponding corrosion of the pipe wall in place of hoop strain are serious.
2. the pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, feature exist as described in claim 1
In: pipe leakage, on-line corrosion monitoring device based on optical fiber grating sensing include
Several use the fiber-optic grating sensor of composite material encapsulation, and fiber-optic grating sensor is fixed on length with certain pretightning force
On straight tube pipeline outer wall and on pipe bent position outer wall, only one equal optical fiber of the fiber-optic grating sensor being fixed on long straight tube pipeline outer wall
Grating and along axial equidistant arrangement, is equipped with multiple fiber gratings on the fiber-optic grating sensor being fixed on pipe bent position outer wall
And the fiber grating on same fiber-optic grating sensor is circumferentially uniformly arranged；
Beam splitting system, including wideband light source, circulator and photoswitch, the light that wideband light source issues successively passes through circulator and light is opened
Arrive separately at the fiber grating of each fiber-optic grating sensor behind pass, the reflected light of fiber grating pass sequentially through photoswitch and
Demodulating system is reached after circulator；
Demodulating system, for digital signal will to be tuned into from the reflected photodissociation of the fiber grating of each fiber-optic grating sensor；
Control system, for controlling photoswitch and carrying out analysis to the digital signal of demodulating system demodulation to judge pipe leakage
Position and corrosion condition.
3. the pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, feature exist as described in claim 1
In: fiber-optic grating sensor selects corresponding encapsulating material according to the operating temperature of pipeline and carves grid technique.
4. the pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, feature exist as described in claim 1
In: the encapsulating material of fiber-optic grating sensor is glass fibre or carbon fiber.
5. the pipe leakage based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, feature exist as described in claim 1
In: fiber-optic grating sensor is pasted by epoxy resin glue to be fixed.
6. the pipe leakage as claimed in claim 1 or 5 based on optical fiber grating sensing, on-line corrosion monitoring method, feature
Be: the fixed point of the fiber-optic grating sensor of only one fiber grating is located at both ends, the optical fiber equipped with multiple fiber gratings
The fixed point of grating sensor is located at the two sides of each fiber grating.
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