CN202338780U - Optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage incident recognition device - Google Patents

Optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage incident recognition device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202338780U
CN202338780U CN2011203444241U CN201120344424U CN202338780U CN 202338780 U CN202338780 U CN 202338780U CN 2011203444241 U CN2011203444241 U CN 2011203444241U CN 201120344424 U CN201120344424 U CN 201120344424U CN 202338780 U CN202338780 U CN 202338780U
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China
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optical fiber
leakage
recognition device
gas pipeline
signal
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Inventor
张金权
王小军
焦书浩
侯志相
郭戈
杨依光
张俊杨
崔海龙
刘春平
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China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Corp
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China National Petroleum Corp
China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage incident recognition device, and relates to the technical fields of measurement of mechanical vibration, measurement of impact and pipeline systems. The optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage incident recognition device comprises a light source, a transmission light path part, optical fiber sensors, a photoelectric detector and a signal acquiring and processing module, wherein one optical fiber sensor is arranged on a pipeline body at regular intervals, a plurality of optical fiber sensors form an optical fiber sensor group, and each optical fiber sensor group is connected with a beam splitter, which is connected with optical fibers in series, through one optical fiber, and then is connected to the light source at a receiving end and the photoelectric detector; the output of the photoelectric detector is connected with the signal acquiring and processing module; the output of the signal acquiring and processing module is connected with a microcomputer; and signals are processed by the signal acquiring and processing module, and on the basis of sensor group signals which are mixed in a frequency division multiplexing mode, de-multiplexing of each sensor in the sensor group is realized, and original leakage vibration wave signals are acquired. The optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage incident recognition device can monitor signal abnormities in time in the primary stage of pipeline leakage, and is high in alarm accuracy.

Description

A kind of Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage event recognition device
Technical field
The utility model is a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage event recognition device, relates to the measurement of mechanical vibration, the measurement and the pipe-line system technical field of impact.
Background technique
At present, the pipeline length overall of building up in the world reaches 2,500,000 kilometers, and having surpassed the railway total kilometrage becomes the main means of transportation of world energy sources, and the oil product of developed country and oil-producing area, the Middle East transports all realizes channelization.China's pipeline has also obtained very fast development in recent years; Length overall is also above 70,000 kilometers; Begun to take shape across thing, stretch from the north to the south, cover the whole nation, be communicated with the overseas big general layout of energy pipe network, pipeline transport becomes the main mode of the allotment conveying of the strategic energy such as oil gas.
Pipeline is because cross-regional wide, receives natural disaster, the third party reasons such as destructions of constructing, and caused more pipe leakage accident generation.External pipe safety situation also allows of no optimist very much, and the natural gas line big bang takes place in U.S. San Bruno city on September 9th, 2010, and blast causes long 51 meters, wide 9 a meters hollow place on the road surface.The pipeline of about 8 meters of one segment length, 76 centimetres of diameters is flown out about 30 meters far away, and causes large-range fire disaster by fried Heaven, causes 4 people dead, and 3 people are missing, and at least 52 people are injured, 4 hectares of burnt areas, and tens of houses are burnt.People's safety, environmental consciousness significantly promote in recent years, also obtain increasing attention as the pipeline transportation safety problem of high risk industries.
Have only the sound wave monitoring method comparatively effective for natural gas line leakage in the mature technique at present; But in order to improve to the real-time of leakage monitoring and the accuracy of leak source location; The layout density that must on pipeline, add large sensor; Increase corresponding power supply, communications equipment simultaneously, cause system cost and installation and maintenance costly.
Along with the development of sensory technique has been carried out the research of SCADA leakage monitoring system like companies such as U.S. CSI, ATMOSI, European TER abroad; Sensornet company has also developed the leakage monitoring system based on distributed optical fiber temperature sensor, and portioned product has also been applied for patent protection at home; Units such as domestic University Of Tianjin, Tsing-Hua University, China Renmin People's Liberation Army Office Support Engineering Academy also further investigate the leakage monitoring method of pipeline.
Patent CN200410020046.6 discloses a kind of distribution type fiber-optic method for monitoring leak from oil gas pipe and monitoring device based on principle of interference.This monitoring system requires near pipeline, to lay an optical cable side by side along pipeline, utilizes the optical fiber in the optical cable to form an optical fiber vibrative sensor.Patent CN200620119429, CN200610113044.0 are the pipeline leakage monitor based on the Sagnac fibre optic interferometer, and patent CN200610072879.6 is a kind of pipeline leakage monitor and method based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing technology.
" sensor and micro-system " the 26th the 7th phase of volume " based on the gas pipeline leakage detection method of distributed fiberoptic sensor " discloses a kind of gas pipeline leak detecting device and method based on distributed fiberoptic sensor; It is optical fiber transducer to be installed having on the pipeline body of certain intervals; The vibration wave signal that continuous real-time monitoring is propagated along pipeline body; Vibration wave signal to gathering carries out analysing and processing; Comprise type identification and vibration source location; Wherein type identification is for through whether it belongs to leak type to vibration wave Feature Extraction analysis and distinguishing, and the velocity of propagation of time lag combining vibration ripple on pipeline body that propagates into adjacent several optical fiber transducers according to vibration wave simultaneously confirmed the position at vibration wave source place, and the light intensity signal of sensor output is realized position definite of leakage point after photoelectric conversion.
CN1837674A discloses a kind of pipeline leakage testing device and method based on distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing technology.
US2006/0225507A1 discloses a kind of pipeline leakage testing device and method based on distributed fiberoptic sensor.
Above-mentioned technology all belongs to the distributed optical fiber sensing monitoring method.But such technical monitoring receives the influence of the interference incident that is taken place around the pipeline when leaking, have very high system's false alarm rate, and antijamming capability is relatively poor.
Tradition is based on the leakage detection method of sonic transducer; With the pressure transducer of need power supplies pick device as sound signal, at the two ends of pipeline turnover station or valve chamber two sensors are installed usually,, leakage signal only can obtain a time difference on obtaining; Location accuracy to incident of leakage is relatively poor; And because the signal channel that obtains is narrower, be difficult to realize leaking the differentiation of disturbing with stochastic vibration, system's wrong report is more.
The model utility content
The purpose of the utility model is that the quasi-distributed leakage vibration monitor system of a kind of high sensitivity based on Fibre Optical Sensor of design in time monitors abnormal signal and the high Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage event recognition device of the accuracy rate of reporting to the police when pipeline takes place to leak the primary stage.
Low in view of the sensitivity that above-mentioned several types of Leak testtion, monitoring technology exist, false alarm rate is high, be subject to problem such as such environmental effects, adopt the high sensitivity sensing unit and combine the time domain of incident of leakage, frequency domain character to overcome targetedly based on the natural gas line leakage system of quasi-distributed optical fiber interference sensing technology.
Utilize the optical fiber and the recovery of laying with ditch to use technology to realize the optical fiber leak detecting device that is applicable to natural gas line of the signal remote transmission development of optical fibre vibration sensor with pipeline; Solved the difficult problem of electric transducer power supply and telecommunication; Laying optical fiber vibration transducer comparatively thick and fast; Improve the spectrum width of picking up leakage signal, increase the validity feature quantity of information.
Thereby the natural gas line leakage system with the sensitivity of high leakage vibrating sensing has realized the raising of interferometer to the induction sensitivity of oscillating signal through the length and the space length that increase interferometer two pickup arms; At the intelligent identification technology that aspect the inhibition of Environment Random vibration interference, has adopted leakage signal; Accidental at random vibration and sudden, persistency leakage signal have effectively been distinguished; And in conjunction with the leakage signal time delay that adjacent a plurality of sensing units obtain simultaneously, the location of having realized leakage point more accurately.
The utility model is to be based upon on the basis with highly sensitive quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing leakage vibration monitoring method; And have highly sensitive quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing leakage vibration monitoring method is to have installation high sensitivity optical fiber interference type leak optical fiber sensor on the pipeline body of certain intervals; The vibration wave signal that continuous real-time monitoring is propagated along pipeline body; Vibration wave signal to gathering carries out analysing and processing; Comprise type identification and vibration source location; Wherein type identification is through whether it belongs to leak type to vibration wave Feature Extraction analysis and distinguishing; The velocity of propagation of time lag combining vibration ripple on pipeline body that simultaneously propagates into adjacent several optical fiber transducers according to vibration wave realize the confirming of vibration wave source position, realizing above-mentioned provides the position information of leakage point to after the vibration wave signal analysis and processing incident of leakage being reported to the police simultaneously.The utility model has suitably increased the quantity of optical fiber transducer on employing high sensitivity optical fiber sensor improves the basis of incident of leakage monitoring sensitivity; Expanded and to have picked up the frequency range of monitor signal, and the time delay that combines a plurality of optical fiber transducers to carry out estimates that localization method has guaranteed the accuracy of system location.
On the basis based on the natural gas line leakage method of Fibre Optical Sensor, for the Environment Random vibration interference is suppressed, the intelligent identification Method that the present invention adopts is: with the normal operation of pipeline with leak the temporal signatures P of status signals t, frequency domain character P fNoise characteristic P with current pipe transmmision signal nAnd combine waveform recognition comprehensively to analyze, set up and leak confidence coefficient functional model: R=a 1P t+ a 2P f-a 3P n, the vibration wave signal that picks up is leaked assessment judge whether pipeline leaks, according to on-the-spot pipeline characteristics algorithms of different parameter a is set 1, a 2, a 3Regulate the confidence coefficient model.To leakage signal carry out time domain, frequency domain and waveform estimate to be meant according to leakage signal the time become the central frequency distribution characteristic of envelope trait and sudden, stable incident of leakage signal; Whether based on the tagsort of simulated leakage incident, can accurately identify monitor signal is incident of leakage.
Optical fiber is respectively as the sending and receiving transmission fiber in the common communications optical cable of utilization and oil and gas pipes laying in one ditch; Pipeline is revealed optical fiber sensing probe to be connected between the transmitting-receiving transmission fiber with technology is parallel with one another through recovery; Form light circuit; It is along the line that pipeline leakage optical fiber sensing probe evenly is laid in pipeline, but form the optical fiber sensing system of monitoring pipe road acoustic vibration.Utilize light source that each pipeline is revealed optical fiber sensing probe scanning; Reveal photoelectric conversion signal demodulation, the extraction of distribution situation to gathering of optical fiber sensing probe according to pipeline; The vibration information of realizing each pipeline leakage optical fiber sensing probe obtains; The check and analysis pipeline is revealed the optical fiber sensing probe signal and has been judged whether that pipeline leakage incident takes place, and the delay time of advent that detects signal according to adjacent pipeline leakage optical fiber sensing probe realizes the location to the leak point.
A kind of optical fiber sensing monitoring gas pipeline leakage event recognition device that is used for is seen Fig. 1, and it includes light source, delivery optics part, optical fiber transducer, photodetector, signals collecting and puocessing module.An optical fiber transducer is installed on pipeline body at a certain distance; A plurality of optical fiber transducers constitute an optical fiber transducer group; Each optical fiber transducer group connects behind the beam splitting apparatus that is serially connected in the optical fiber light source and the photodetector of receiving terminal with an optical fiber; Photodetector output connects signals collecting and puocessing module, and signals collecting and puocessing module output connect microcomputer.Through the processing of signals collecting and puocessing module, realized the demultiplexing of each sensor in the sensor groups based on the sensor groups signal that the frequency division multiplexing mode is mixed, obtain original leakage vibration wave signal.
Said signals collecting and puocessing module comprise that signal condition, signals collecting, processing unit, terminal show and external interface; The signal condition output that connects photodetector output is connected in series signals collecting and processing unit successively, and processing unit output has the terminal to show and external interface; Said processing unit comprises leakage signal recognition circuit and positioning circuit.
Leakage signal recognition circuit in the processing unit is as shown in Figure 3, and it mainly is made up of DSP digital signal processor U1B and peripheral circuit, and the NC1-NC15 pin of U1B is unsettled; AVDD, AGND are analog power input, and AVDD connects the 1.3V power supply through magnetic bead FER1, and parallel connection 3 capacitor C 22, C23, C24 filtering of decoupling between AVDD and AGND; DAI1, DAI3, DAI4 are connected the transmission that is used for data with DR0PRI, RSCLK0, the RFS0 of positioning circuit DSP digital signal processor U10 respectively; DAI9-DAI20 is an expansion interface; DPI9, DPI10 connect external interface circuit;
Positioning circuit in the processing unit is as shown in Figure 4; It mainly is made up of DSP digital signal processor U10 and peripheral circuit and interface; The DR0PRI of U10, RSCLK0, RFS0 are connected with DAI1, DAI3, the DAI4 of recognition circuit DSP digital signal processor U1B respectively and are used to receive data; RX, TX, MOSI, MISO, SCK connect the video terminal interface, and TCK, TDO, TDI, TMS, TRST#, EMU# are debugging interface.
Light source sends laser; Laser partly transfers to the optical fiber transducer that is installed on the pipeline along delivery optics; When the pipe leakage incident takes place, leak the excited vibrational ripple and along pipeline to two travel in opposite directions, sensing unit picks up behind the signal of pipe transmmision; Through the delivery optics part flashlight is transmitted back to system's photodetection part once more; After photoelectric conversion, deliver in signal analysis device and the leakage signal recognition device and carry out analysing and processing, the leakage signal recognition device carries out time domain, frequency domain and waveform to leakage signal to be estimated, realizes the effective differentiation to incident of leakage and stochastic vibration incident based on artificial intelligence technology.
The utility model is based on the pipeline leakage monitor and the method for leaking vibration quasi-distributed optical fiber sensing; With the optical fiber transducer that need not to supply power pick device as leakage signal; Utilize the optical fiber and the recovery of laying with ditch to use technology to realize the signal remote transmission of optical fibre vibration sensor with pipeline; Solved the difficult problem of electric transducer power supply and telecommunication; Laying optical fiber sensor comparatively thick and fast, many optical fiber transducers are united and are carried out time delay and estimate to improve the Location accuracy to leakage point; Simultaneously can effectively distinguish accidental at random vibration and sudden, persistency leakage signal, when pipeline takes place to leak the primary stage, in time monitor abnormal signal, and the warning accuracy rate is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 Fibre Optical Sensor natural gas line leakage system and device schematic diagram
Fig. 2 Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage positioning principle figure
Fig. 3 Fibre Optical Sensor natural gas line leakage system identification circuit theory diagrams
Fig. 4 Fibre Optical Sensor natural gas line leakage system positioning circuit schematic diagram
Embodiment
Embodiment. this routine formation is as shown in Figure 1; An optical fiber transducer is installed on pipeline body at a certain distance; A plurality of optical fiber transducers constitute an optical fiber transducer group; Each optical fiber transducer group connects behind the beam splitting apparatus that is serially connected in the optical fiber to the light source and the photodetector of receiving terminal with an optical fiber, and photodetector output connects signals collecting and puocessing module, and signals collecting is exported with puocessing module and connect microcomputer.Through the processing of signals collecting and puocessing module, realized the demultiplexing of each sensor in the sensor groups based on the sensor groups signal that the frequency division multiplexing mode is mixed, obtain original leakage vibration wave signal.
Light source adopts the narrow cable and wide optical fiber laser of 100kHZ live width; Laser output connects beam splitting apparatus 1; It is 24: 1 that beam splitting apparatus 1 adopts splitting ratio, and wherein to be 24 output resume propagate until running into beam splitting apparatus 2 along delivery optics ratio, and beam splitting apparatus 1 export ratio is that 1 output terminal gets into optical fiber transducer 1 through connecting optical fiber; Optical fiber transducer adopts the Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure; In order to guarantee that optical fiber transducer has certain sensitivity control interferometer arm difference at 20m, this interferometer is wound on the elastomer of rubber material, and elastomer is close to tube wall and is fixed.Beam splitting apparatus 2 adopts 23: 1 splitting ratio; Wherein ratio is that 23 output resume is propagated until running into next beam splitting apparatus 3 along delivery optics; Beam splitting apparatus 2 export ratios are that 1 output terminal gets into optical fiber transducer 2 through connecting optical fiber; Optical fiber transducer adopts Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure and control interferometer arm difference at 20m equally, is wound on the elastomer of rubber material, and elastomer is close to tube wall and is fixed.When the pipeline between optical fiber transducer 1 and the optical fiber transducer 2 takes place to leak; Leak the vibration wave that causes and picked up by optical fiber transducer 1 and 2 respectively through the regular hour, receive the time difference of leakage signal and the combining vibration ripple can be realized leakage point in ducted velocity of propagation location according to optical fiber transducer 1 and 2 along pipe transmmision.
Along a plurality of sensing points are set on the duct orientation, the distance between each optical fiber transducer is accurately measured, according to the output of light propagation time control light source.
Said signals collecting and puocessing module comprise that signal condition, signals collecting, processing unit, terminal show and external interface; The signal condition output that connects photodetector output is connected in series signals collecting and processing unit successively, and processing unit output has the terminal to show and external interface; Said processing unit comprises leakage signal recognition circuit and positioning circuit.
Leakage signal recognition circuit in the processing unit is as shown in Figure 3, and it mainly is made up of DSP digital signal processor U1B and peripheral circuit, and the NC1-NC15 pin of U1B is unsettled; AVDD, AGND are analog power input, and AVDD connects the 1.3V power supply through magnetic bead FER1, and parallel connection 3 capacitor C 22, C23, C24 filtering of decoupling between AVDD and AGND; DAI1, DAI3, DAI4 are connected the transmission that is used for data with DR0PRI, RSCLK0, the RFS0 of positioning circuit DSP digital signal processor U10 respectively; DAI9-DAI20 is an expansion interface; DPI9, DPI10 connect external interface circuit;
Positioning circuit in the processing unit is as shown in Figure 4; It mainly is made up of DSP digital signal processor U10 and peripheral circuit and interface; The DR0PRI of U10, RSCLK0, RFS0 are connected with DAI1, DAI3, the DAI4 of recognition circuit DSP digital signal processor U1B respectively and are used to receive data; RX, TX, MOSI, MISO, SCK connect the video terminal interface, and TCK, TDO, TDI, TMS, TRST#, EMU# are debugging interface.
The wherein type selecting of components and parts such as Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4.
This example is through test of many times; Can realize monitoring through on tube wall, install leaking the vibration sensing interferometric optical fiber sensor along any disturbance behavior of pipe transmmision; Through realizing incident of leakage is reported to the police and provided the leakage point position signal analysis and processing and intelligent recognition; System sensitivity is high, through the intelligent recognition of leaking has been reduced system's false alarm rate that incident causes largely.

Claims (4)

1. a Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage event recognition device is characterized in that it includes light source, delivery optics part, optical fiber transducer, photodetector, signals collecting and puocessing module; An optical fiber transducer is installed on pipeline body at a certain distance; A plurality of optical fiber transducers constitute an optical fiber transducer group; Each optical fiber transducer group connects behind the beam splitting apparatus that is serially connected in the optical fiber light source and the photodetector of receiving terminal with an optical fiber; Photodetector output connects signals collecting and puocessing module, and signals collecting and puocessing module output connect microcomputer; Through the processing of signals collecting and puocessing module, realized the demultiplexing of each sensor in the sensor groups based on the sensor groups signal that the frequency division multiplexing mode is mixed, obtain original leakage vibration wave signal.
2. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage event recognition device according to claim 1 is characterized in that said signals collecting and puocessing module comprise that signal condition, signals collecting, processing unit, terminal show and external interface; The signal condition output that connects photodetector output is connected in series signals collecting and processing unit successively, and processing unit output has the terminal to show and external interface; Said processing unit comprises leakage signal recognition circuit and positioning circuit.
3. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage event recognition device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that the leakage signal recognition circuit in the said processing unit mainly is made up of DSP digital signal processor U1B and peripheral circuit, the NC1-NC15 pin of U1B is unsettled; AVDD, AGND are analog power input, and AVDD connects the 1.3V power supply through magnetic bead FER1, and parallel connection 3 capacitor C 22, C23, C24 filtering of decoupling between AVDD and AGND; DAI1, DAI3, DAI4 are connected the transmission that is used for data with DROPRI, RSCLKO, the RFSO of positioning circuit DSP digital signal processor U10 respectively; DAI9-DAI20 is an expansion interface; DPI9, DPI10 connect external interface circuit.
4. a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor gas pipeline leakage event recognition device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that the positioning circuit in the said processing unit mainly is made up of DSP digital signal processor U10 and peripheral circuit and interface; The DROPRI of U10, RSCLKO, RFSO are connected with DAI1, DAI3, the DAI4 of recognition circuit DSP digital signal processor U1B respectively and are used to receive data; RX, TX, MOSI, MISO, SCK connect the video terminal interface, and TCK, TDO, TDI, TMS, TRST#, EMU# are debugging interface.
CN2011203444241U 2011-09-14 2011-09-14 Optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage incident recognition device Expired - Fee Related CN202338780U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103047541A (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-04-17 中国石油天然气集团公司 Optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage accident recognition device
CN103742752A (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-23 惠生(南通)重工有限公司 Low-temperature liquid leakage protection device
CN104613321A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 武汉工程大学 Nuclear power plant pipeline leakage detection device and method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement
CN106155029A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-11-23 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 A kind of substation monitoring system of remote online

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103047541A (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-04-17 中国石油天然气集团公司 Optical fiber sensing natural gas pipeline leakage accident recognition device
CN103742752A (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-23 惠生(南通)重工有限公司 Low-temperature liquid leakage protection device
CN104613321A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 武汉工程大学 Nuclear power plant pipeline leakage detection device and method based on distributed optical fiber temperature measurement
CN106155029A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-11-23 国网河南省电力公司南阳供电公司 A kind of substation monitoring system of remote online

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Effective date of registration: 20170320

Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No.

Patentee after: China National Petroleum Corporation

Patentee after: China Petroleum Pipeline Bureau Engineering Co., Ltd.

Address before: 100007 Dongcheng District, Dongzhimen, China, North Street, No. 9 Oil Mansion, No.

Patentee before: China National Petroleum Corporation

Patentee before: China Petroleum and Natural Gas Pipeline Bureau

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