CN103901532A - Multi-core optical fiber, sensing device with same and operating method of sensing device - Google Patents
Multi-core optical fiber, sensing device with same and operating method of sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/3537—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself
- G01D5/35374—Particular layout of the fiber
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02042—Multicore optical fibres
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-core optical fiber, a sensing device with the multi-core optical fiber and an operating method of the sensing device. The multi-core optical fiber is an optical fiber with three or more fiber cores, such as a three-core optical fiber or a four-core optical fiber or a five-core optical fiber, at least one fiber core is used as a transmission fiber core of injected light signals, the other fiber cores are used as sensing fiber ores, a test fiber core and the sensing fiber cores are different in length, a light source is adopted by the optical fiber sensing device with the multi-core optical fiber to be injected into the transmission fiber core, a light detector module is adopted by the optical fiber sensing device with the multi-core optical fiber to detect changes of transmitted light signals in all or part of the sensing fiber cores, and the aim of point-type or distribution-type monitoring can be achieved. Responses of two or more sensing optical fibers to the physical quantity to be measured at the same position are compared, interference of light source fluctuation or other non-to-be-measured physical quantities can be eliminated, test accuracy is improved, and therefore a new solution scheme is provided for practicability of the intensity type optical fiber sensing device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel multi-core fiber and the sensing device based on this multi-core fiber, be specifically related to a kind ofly include three fibre cores or three multi-core fibers more than fibre core, and point type or distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment and operation method thereof based on this multi-core fiber.
Background technology
The patent of Chinese Patent Application No. 201120130642.5 " based on the temperature sensing device of twin-core fiber " has disclosed a kind of temperature sensing device, it adopts wideband light source, twin-core fiber and spectroanalysis instrument, in the time of temperature variation, distance in twin-core fiber between two fibre cores also can change, thereby the variation that causes the fibre core that injects broadband optical signal to be coupled to the wavelength of optical signal of the fibre core that does not inject light signal, and this variation detected by spectroanalysis instrument, thereby complete the monitoring to temperature, it is simple in structure, temperature monitoring wide ranges, , but its test parameter is single, instrument costliness, and can not realize distributed monitoring.
Existing distributed or quasi-distributed fibre-optical sensing device is all taking rear orientation light in optical fiber as main testing fixture, comprise the most frequently used optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), fiber Raman temperature sensing device, Brillouin scattering sensing device and Bragg optical fibre raster sensor, plant in sensing device at first three, very little with respect to incident light owing to including the rear orientation light of heat transfer agent in optical fiber, little three to six orders of magnitude of power of general back scattering light ratio fl transmission light signal, so the detection of rear orientation light is more difficult, usually need to process many times and could extract faint signal by sampling integrator in order to remove noise, thereby make monitoring equipment more complicated, cost is higher, real-time is poor, and the ultimate range of its monitoring is rarer exceedes 100 kilometers, and although the quasi-distributed optical-fiber sensing device reflected light signal being made up of bragg grating is stronger, but the easy phase mutual interference of light signal between its fiber grating, so the quantity of fiber grating is few, the quantity of the fiber grating on every optical fiber only has at most dozens of, is difficult to realize the distributed monitoring of long distance.
On the other hand, existing Fibre Optical Communication Technology is in development at full speed, the distance of its non-relay communication easily exceedes several hundred kilometers, if adopt again er-doped or Raman fiber multiplying arrangement can reach thousands of kilometers, its main cause is that the light signal strength of propagated forward is far longer than back scattering light signal, if can there be a kind of distributed sensing device of monitoring change in optical signal during based on fl transmission, the distance that can significantly extend distributed optical fiber sensing, but do not retrieve such device at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has disclosed a kind of multi-core fiber and the sensing device based on this multi-core fiber, described multi-core fiber is the optical fiber with more than three or three fibre core, as three core fibres, four-core fiber or five core fibres etc., by detecting the variation of optical signal transmission in all or part of fibre core, can reach the object of point type or distributed monitoring.And there are two or more sensing fibre cores, by comparing the difference of the light signal transmitting in two sensing fibre cores, can eliminate the fluctuation of the luminous power that in light source or optical signal transmission, non-measured physical quantity produces, thereby eliminate the error of its introducing, thereby proposed new solution for intensity type fibre-optical sensing device practical.That this fibre-optical sensing device has is easy to use, cost is low, has good application prospect.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of multi-core fiber, comprise the inner cladding and the fibre core that is arranged in inner cladding of optical fiber, it is characterized in that, there are at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding, one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core, other fibre cores are sensing fibre core, and the length of each sensing fibre core is all not less than the length of transmitting fibre core, and have at least the length of a sensing fibre core to be greater than the length of transmitting fibre core.
Further, described inner cladding has surrounding layer outward, and the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding is greater than cladding refractive index index.Preferably, described inner cladding is the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle along optical fiber cross section radially.The radial section of the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle can be rectangle, cut away the shapes such as a part of circle, ellipse, polygon, can make like this to transmit the interior propagating optical signal of fibre core time, the light signal that part is overflowed can not propagated and be consumed in the marginal portion that approaches inner cladding and surrounding layer, but be reflected and pass transmission fibre core or sensing fibre core, its final major part is caught by fibre core, thereby has reduced the decay of optical signal transmission.
Preferably, described sensing fibre core is laid in inner cladding with conveyor screw shape.Further, described sensing fibre core is laid around transmission fibre core with conveyor screw shape, and described transmission fibre core is positioned at the spirochetal axial centre position that sensing fibre core forms.Preferably, described transmission fibre core is positioned at the longitudinal shaft core position of whole optical fiber.
Preferably, the distance difference of each described sensing fibre core spacing transmission fibre core.Thereby make different sensing fibre cores in the different light signal size of the position acquisition of identical measured physical quantity, both comparisons, can eliminate the error that the large minor swing of light signal that causes due to light source or other non-measured physical quantity is introduced, thereby make the test result of intensity type fibre-optical sensing device more accurate and practical.
Further, has the exponent of refractive index difference of the sensing fibre core described in two at least.Make different sensing fibre cores catch light signal with constraint light signal ability different, for eliminate test error convenience is provided.Preferably, has the core diameter difference of the sensing fibre core described in two at least.
Further, the optical fiber that the optical fiber that described multi-core fiber is the optical fiber being made up of macromolecular material, the optical fiber being made up of many components glass, fluoride glass forms or quartz glass form.
A kind of fibre-optical sensing device based on multi-core fiber, comprise control module, light source module, coupling module one, photo-detector module one and processing module, control module is connected with light source module and controls the latter and send light signal, light source module is connected with coupling module one, described coupling module one is connected with one end of multi-core fiber, described multi-core fiber is to have at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding, one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core, other fibre cores are sensing fibre core, have at least the length of a sensing fibre core different from the length of transmission fibre core; Described coupling module one is to make light signal only be coupled into the coupling module of the transmission fibre core in multi-core fiber; The other end at described multi-core fiber is connected with photo-detector module one, and photo-detector module one is obtained the light signal transmitting in each fibre core of multi-core fiber simultaneously, and photo-detector module one is connected with processing module.
Its operation method is: step is as follows:
1) comprise sensor fibre, the transmission fibre core comprising in it is different with the length of sensing fibre core, and control module control light source module sends pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into by coupling mechanism one in the transmission fibre core of multi-core fiber one end and transmits;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by one end of multi-core fiber in transmission in fibre core, and the photo-detector module one that is positioned in the multi-core fiber other end obtains, and photo-detector module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module by this pulsed optical signals;
3) while variation when the somewhere on multi-core fiber is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity, in transmission fibre core, the light signal of transmission has partial coupling enter in two or more sensing fibre cores and transmit in each sensing fibre core, because transmission fibre core is different with the length of sensing fibre core, the transmission speed difference of light signal between, transmit in fibre core and sensing fibre core light signal successively order arrive the multi-core fiber other end and obtained by photo-detector module one, photo-detector module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module by obtained light signal, processing module calculates size and the position of measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the object of monitoring.
Fibre-optical sensing device preferred version based on multi-core fiber is, the other end at described multi-core fiber is connected with coupling module two, in coupling module two, include at least two passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores in described multi-core fiber are connected with two passages respectively, and are connected with photo-detector module one and photo-detector module two respectively by this coupling module two; Photo-detector module one is connected with processing module with photo-detector module two.
The step of its operation method is as follows:
1) comprise sensor fibre, the transmission fibre core comprising in it is different with the length of sensing fibre core, and control module control light source module sends pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into by coupling mechanism one in the transmission fibre core of multi-core fiber one end and transmits;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by one end of multi-core fiber in transmission fibre core, be mounted with coupling module two at the other end of described multi-core fiber, in coupling module two, include at least two passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores in described multi-core fiber are connected with two passages respectively, and are connected with photo-detector module one and photo-detector module two respectively by this coupling module two; Photo-detector module one is connected with processing module with photo-detector module two;
3) while variation when the somewhere on multi-core fiber is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity, in transmission fibre core, the light signal of transmission has partial coupling enter in two or more sensing fibre cores and transmit in each sensing fibre core, wherein have at least the light signal of transmission in two sensing fibre cores to be obtained by photo-detector module one and photo-detector module two respectively, two photo-detector modules change light signal into respectively electric signal and pass to processing module, processing module is according to the size of both electric signal and both comparisons, eliminate the optical signal power causing due to the impact of light source or non-measured physical quantity and change the error of introducing, pass through the time interval again, thereby calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, and complete the object of monitoring.
The further preferred scheme of fibre-optical sensing device based on multi-core fiber is, the other end at described multi-core fiber is connected with coupling module three, in coupling module three, include at least three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores in described multi-core fiber are connected with three passages respectively with transmission fibre core, and are connected with photo-detector module one, photo-detector module two and photo-detector module three respectively by this coupling module three; Photo-detector module one, photo-detector module two and photo-detector module three are connected with processing module.
The operating procedure of this scheme is as follows:
1) comprise sensor fibre, the transmission fibre core comprising in it is different with the length of sensing fibre core, and control module control light source module sends pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into by coupling mechanism one in the transmission fibre core of multi-core fiber one end and transmits;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by one end of multi-core fiber in transmission fibre core, be mounted with coupling module three at the other end of described multi-core fiber, in coupling module three, include at least three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores in described multi-core fiber are connected with three passages respectively with transmission fibre core, and are connected with photo-detector module one, photo-detector module two and photo-detector module three respectively by this coupling module three; Photo-detector module one, photo-detector module two and photo-detector module three are connected with processing module;
3) while variation when the somewhere on multi-core fiber is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity, in transmission fibre core, the light signal of transmission has partial coupling enter in two or more sensing fibre cores and transmit in each sensing fibre core, wherein has the light signal of transmission in two sensing fibre cores and transmission fibre core at least respectively by photo-detector module one, photo-detector module two and photo-detector module three are obtained, three photo-detector modules change light signal into respectively electric signal and pass to processing module, processing module is according to photo-detector module one, the size of the electric signal that photo-detector module two is transmitted and both comparisons, eliminate the optical signal power causing due to the impact of light source or non-measured physical quantity and change the error of introducing, again by the time interval of the electric signal that transmits with photo-detector module three, thereby calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, and complete the object of monitoring.
Preferably, described photo-detector module one, photo-detector module two, photodetection module three are one of light power meter, photon counter, spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter.
Preferably, described light source module is one of single wavelength light source, multi wave length illuminating source or wideband light source.
Preferably, described light reflecting device is fiber grating, light reflection mirror or comprises alveolate optical fiber.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
What 1, make by Forward Monitor technology that light signal can transmit is distant, meet the actual demand such as natural gas line, oil pipeline, Brillouin scattering monitoring device more in the market has the advantages that cost is low, monitoring distance is long, precision is high, has good market outlook.
2, owing to having at least three fibre cores in the sensor fibre adopting, wherein having a fibre core at least is optical signal transmission fibre core, and the length that has a sensing fibre core at least is greater than or less than transmission fibre core, light signal is different with the speed of transmitting in sensing fibre core at transmission fibre core, in the time that multi-core fiber one place changes, as micro-curved, bending, distortion, when the situations such as temperature variation and other physical quantity variations, the light signal injecting is overflowed and has partial coupling to enter not inject in the sensing fibre core of light signal, thereby the photo-detector module by multi-core fiber end is caught, due to the difference of optical signal transmission speed in two fibre cores, direct impulse light signal with include light signal in another sensing fibre core of measured physical quantity successively order arrive photo-detector module, thereby tell size and the time interval of different light signals, can know the size of measured physical quantity according to the size of the light signal that comprises measured physical quantity, the position that can calculate measured physical quantity interval time according to direct impulse light signal with the light signal containing measured physical quantity, thereby complete the object of distributed monitoring.In the time having many places to change on multi-core fiber, can form the sequence of multiple pulsed optical signals.
3, owing at least comprising two sensing fibre cores, and the physical parameter difference of two sensing fibre cores, as distance difference, exponent of refractive index difference, length difference apart from transmission fibre core, from transmitting the also difference of light signal that is coupled into two sensing fibre cores in fibre core, by comparing the difference of transmitting optical signal size in two sensing fibre cores, can eliminate the impact that light source fluctuation changes, reduce test error; Or improve the detection dynamic range of this fibre-optical sensing device; Or can monitor two different physical indexs simultaneously, as monitored the temperature of a position and the parameter of strain simultaneously, this has increased the test parameter of this fibre-optical sensing device, the scope that expansion is used.
4, because this device only injects light signal in the transmission of in multi-core fiber fibre core, and detect the light signal in other sensing fibre core, this belongs to details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues monitoring technology, has higher precision and accuracy.
In sum, multi-core fiber of the present invention and the fibre-optical sensing device based on this multi-core fiber have simple in structure, cost is low, monitoring distance is long, can realize the object of point type or distributed monitoring sensing, has good market outlook.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the xsect of multi-core fiber in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Fig. 2 multi-core fiber index distribution radially.
Fig. 4 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of multi-core fiber.
Fig. 5 is the multi-core fiber cross-sectional structure schematic diagram with defect inner cladding.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Description of reference numerals:
4-coupling module three; 5-photo-detector module three; 6-processing module;
7-photo-detector module one; 8-photo-detector module two;
9-coupling module two; 10-control module; 11-multi-core fiber; 12-light source module;
13-coupling module one; 14-output module; 15-transmission fibre core; 16-sensing fibre core;
19-auxiliary optical fiber; 24-surrounding layer; 25-coat; 33-light reflecting device.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of multi-core fiber shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and the fibre-optical sensing device based on multi-core fiber, fibre-optical sensing device comprises control module 10, light source module 12, coupling module 1, photo-detector module 1 and processing module 6, control module 10 is connected with light source module 12 and controls the latter and send light signal, preferably send pulsed optical signals, light source module 12 is connected by auxiliary optical fiber 19 with coupling module 1, described coupling module 1 is connected with one end of multi-core fiber 11, described multi-core fiber 11 is to have at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding 23, one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core 15, other fibre cores are sensing fibre core 16, have at least the length of a sensing fibre core 16 different from the length of transmission fibre core 15, described coupling module 1 is to make light signal only be coupled into the coupling module of the transmission fibre core 15 in multi-core fiber 11, the other end at described multi-core fiber 11 is connected with photo-detector module 1, and photo-detector module 1 is obtained the light signal transmitting in each fibre core of multi-core fiber 11 simultaneously, and photo-detector module 1 is connected with processing module 6.Preferably, after processing module 6, connecting output module 14, as the terminal such as display, printer.
In the time carrying out distributed monitoring, owing to having at least three fibre cores in the multi-core fiber 11 adopting, wherein having a fibre core at least is optical signal transmission fibre core 15, and the length that has a sensing fibre core 16 at least is greater than or less than transmission fibre core 15, light signal is different with the speed of sensing fibre core 16 interior transmission at transmission fibre core 15, in the time that multi-core fiber 11 1 places change, as micro-curved, bending, when the situations such as distortion, the pulsed optical signals injecting is overflowed and has partial coupling closely not inject in the sensing fibre core 16 of light signal, thereby the photo-detector module 1 by multi-core fiber 11 ends is caught, due to the difference of optical signal transmission speed in two fibre cores, direct impulse light signal with include light signal in another sensing fibre core 16 of measured physical quantity successively order arrive photo-detector module 1, thereby tell size and the time interval of different light signals, can know the size of measured physical quantity according to the size of the light signal that comprises measured physical quantity, the position that can calculate measured physical quantity interval time according to direct impulse light signal with the light signal containing measured physical quantity, thereby complete the object of distributed monitoring.In the time having many places to change on multi-core fiber 11, can form the sequence of multiple pulsed optical signals.In the time carrying out point type monitoring, light source module 12 sends pulsed optical signals and continuous light signal all can reach monitoring object.
Described photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28, photodetection module 3 17 can be one of light power meter, photon counter, spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter.
Described light source module 12 can be one of single wavelength light source, multi wave length illuminating source or wideband light source.If single wavelength light source is Distributed Feedback Laser, its output optical signal is Wavelength stabilized, and power is large.Multi wave length illuminating source can be to be made up of multiple Distributed Feedback Lasers.
When photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28, photo-detector module 35 adopt be the testing tool of light power meter, photon counter time, preferably, light source module 12 can be one of single wavelength light source, multi wave length illuminating source, the detector collection of apparatus of the present invention be the watt level of pulse or continuous light signal, and can extrapolate the size of physical quantity to be measured according to its watt level; When photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28, photodetection 35 adopt be one of spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter time, preferably, light source module 12 can be one of multi wave length illuminating source or wideband light source, apparatus of the present invention collection be the wavelength information of pulse or continuous light signal, and can extrapolate according to this information the size of measured physical quantity.
Described multi-core fiber is: the inner cladding 23 and the fibre core that is arranged in inner cladding 23 that comprise optical fiber, there are at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding 23, one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core 21, other fibre cores are sensing fibre core 16, the length of each sensing fibre core 16 is all not less than the length of transmitting fibre core, and has at least the length of a sensing fibre core 16 to be greater than the length of transmitting fibre core.
Or: multi-core fiber 11 has at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding 23, one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core 15, other fibre cores are sensing fibre core 16, the length of each sensing fibre core 16 is all not more than the length of transmitting fibre core 15, and has at least the length of a sensing fibre core 16 to be less than the length of transmitting fibre core 15.
Further, described inner cladding 23 is outer has surrounding layer 24, the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding 23 to be greater than surrounding layer 24 exponent of refractive index.Further, described inner cladding has surrounding layer outward, and the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding is greater than cladding refractive index index.
Preferably, described inner cladding 23 is the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle along multi-core fiber 11 cross section radially, as Fig. 5.The radial section of the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle can be rectangle, cut away the shapes such as a part of circle, ellipse, polygon, can make to transmit fibre core 15 interior propagating optical signal like this time, the light signal that part is overflowed can not propagated and be consumed in the marginal portion that approaches inner cladding 23 and surrounding layer 24, but be reflected and pass transmission fibre core 15 or sensing fibre core 16, its final major part is caught by fibre core, thereby has reduced the decay of optical signal transmission.
Have at least the sensing fibre core 16 described in to be laid in inner cladding 23 with conveyor screw shape.Further, described spirochetal pitch is identical.
Have at least the sensing fibre core 16 described in to be laid in inner cladding 23 with conveyor screw shape.Further, described spirochetal pitch difference.
Described sensing fibre core 16 is laid around transmission fibre core 15 with conveyor screw shape.
Described transmission fibre core 15 is positioned at the spirochetal axial centre position that sensing fibre core 16 forms.
Each described sensing fibre core 16 is apart from the distance difference of transmission fibre core 15.
Described transmission fibre core 15 is positioned at the longitudinal shaft core position of whole multi-core fiber 11.
Has the exponent of refractive index difference of the sensing fibre core 16 described in two at least.
Has the core diameter difference of the sensing fibre core 16 described in two at least.
The optical fiber that the optical fiber that described multi-core fiber 11 is the optical fiber, the optical fiber being made up of many components glass that form of macromolecular material, fluoride glass forms or quartz glass form.
embodiment 2
A kind of fibre-optical sensing device as shown in Figure 6, be connected with coupling module 34 at the other end of described multi-core fiber 11 as different from Example 1, in coupling module 34, include three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores 16 in described multi-core fiber 11 are connected with three passages respectively with transmission fibre core 15, and are connected with photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28 and photo-detector module 35 respectively by this coupling module 34; Photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28 and photo-detector module 35 are connected with processing module 6.
The operating procedure of this scheme is as follows:
1) comprise sensor fibre 11, the transmission fibre core 15 comprising in it is different with the length of sensing fibre core 16, control module 10 is controlled light source module 12 and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of transmission fibre core 15 of multi-core fiber 11 one end by coupling mechanism 1;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by one end of multi-core fiber 11 in transmission fibre core 15, be mounted with coupling module 34 at the other end of described multi-core fiber 11, in coupling module 34, include at least three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores 16 in described multi-core fiber 11 and transmission fibre core 15) is connected with three passages respectively, and pass through this coupling module 34 and be connected with photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28 and photo-detector module 35 respectively; Photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28 and photo-detector module 35 are connected with processing module 6;
3) while variation when the somewhere on multi-core fiber 11 is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity, the light signal of transmission fibre core 15 interior transmission has partial coupling to enter in two or more sensing fibre cores 16 and in the interior transmission of each sensing fibre core 16, wherein has the light signal of two sensing fibre cores 16 and the 15 interior transmission of transmission fibre core at least respectively by photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28 and photo-detector module 35 are obtained, three photo-detector modules change light signal into respectively electric signal and pass to processing module 6, processing module 6 is according to photo-detector module 1, the size of the electric signal that photo-detector module 28 is transmitted and both comparisons, eliminate the optical signal power causing due to the impact of light source or non-measured physical quantity and change the error of introducing, again by the time interval of the electric signal that transmits with photo-detector module 35, thereby calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, and complete the object of monitoring.
In the present embodiment, if coupling module 34 is replaced by coupling module 29, coupling module 29 has independently binary channels, two sensing fibre cores 16 can be connected with photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28 respectively by this module, can reach equally and eliminate the error that change in optical signal is introduced, and calculate size and the relative position of measured physical quantity, and complete the object of monitoring.
In the present embodiment, the structure of remainder, annexation and principle of work are all identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 7, the present embodiment is as different from Example 1: a kind of fibre-optical sensing device based on multi-core fiber 11, comprise control module 10, light source module 12, coupling module 1, photo-detector module 1 and processing module 6, control module 10 is connected with light source module 12 and controls the latter and send light signal, light source module 12 is connected with coupling module 1, described coupling module 1 is connected with one end of multi-core fiber 11, described multi-core fiber 11 is to have at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding 23, one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core 15, other fibre cores are sensing fibre core 16, have at least the length of a sensing fibre core 16 different from the length of transmission fibre core 15, described coupling module 1 has two passages at least, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, one of them passage is to make the light signal that light source module 12 sends only be coupled into the transmission fibre core 15 in multi-core fiber 11, other passage is connected with the sensing fibre core 16 of multi-core fiber 11, transmitting optical signal in sensing fibre core 16 is connected with photo-detector module 1 by coupling module 1, photo-detector module 1 is obtained the light signal of sensing fibre core 16 interior transmission, and photo-detector module 1 is connected with processing module 6, be mounted with light reflecting device 33 at the other end of multi-core fiber 11.
Described light reflecting device 33 is fiber grating, light reflection mirror or comprises alveolate optical fiber.
Preferably, in the coupling module 1 of settling in one end of described multi-core fiber 11, include at least three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores 16 in described multi-core fiber 11 are connected with three passages respectively with transmission fibre core 15, and are connected with photo-detector module 1, photo-detector module 28 and light source module 12 respectively by this coupling module 1; Photo-detector module 1 is connected with processing module 6 with photo-detector module 28; Photo-detector module 1 and photo-detector module 28 are obtained respectively the light signal of the sensing fibre core 16 interior transmission of multi-core fiber 11.
In the present embodiment, the structure of remainder, annexation and principle of work are all identical with embodiment 1.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to the technology of the present invention essence, change and equivalent structure change, and all still belong in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. a multi-core fiber, comprise the inner cladding (23) of optical fiber and be arranged in the fibre core of inner cladding (23), it is characterized in that, there are at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding (23), one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core (15), other fibre cores are sensing fibre core (16), and the length of each sensing fibre core (16) is all not less than the length of transmission fibre core (15), and have at least the length of a sensing fibre core (16) to be greater than the length of transmission fibre core (15).
2. a kind of multi-core fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inner cladding (23) is outer has surrounding layer (24), the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding (23) to be greater than surrounding layer (24) exponent of refractive index.
3. a kind of multi-core fiber according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described inner cladding (23) is the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle along multi-core fiber (11) cross section radially.
4. according to a kind of multi-core fiber described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: described sensing fibre core (16) is laid in inner cladding (23) with conveyor screw shape.
5. according to a kind of multi-core fiber of claim 4, it is characterized in that: described sensing fibre core (16) is laid around transmission fibre core (15) with conveyor screw shape, described transmission fibre core (15) is positioned at the spirochetal axial centre position that sensing fibre core (16) forms.
6. according to a kind of multi-core fiber of claim 5, it is characterized in that: each described sensing fibre core (16) is apart from the distance difference of transmission fibre core (15).
7. according to a kind of multi-core fiber of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the exponent of refractive index difference that has the sensing fibre core (16) described in two at least.
8. according to a kind of multi-core fiber of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the core diameter difference that has the sensing fibre core (16) described in two at least.
9. the sensing device based on multi-core fiber, comprise control module (10), light source module (12), coupling module one (13), photo-detector module one (7) and processing module (6), control module (10) is connected and controls the latter and send light signal with light source module (12), light source module (12) is connected with coupling module one (13), described coupling module one (13) is connected with one end of multi-core fiber (11), described multi-core fiber (11) is to have at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding (23), one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core (15), other fibre cores are sensing fibre core (16), have at least the length of a sensing fibre core (16) different from the length of transmission fibre core (15), described coupling module one (13) is to make light signal only be coupled into the coupling module of the transmission fibre core (15) in multi-core fiber (11), the other end at described multi-core fiber (11) is connected with photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module one (7) is obtained the light signal transmitting in each fibre core of multi-core fiber (11) simultaneously, and photo-detector module one (7) is connected with processing module (6).
10. according to a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 9, it is characterized in that: the other end at described multi-core fiber (11) is connected with coupling module two (9), in coupling module two (9), include at least two passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores (16) in described multi-core fiber (11) are connected with two passages respectively, and are connected with photo-detector module one (7) and photo-detector module two (8) respectively by this coupling module two (9); Photo-detector module one (7) is connected with processing module (6) with photo-detector module two (8).
11. according to a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 9, it is characterized in that: the other end at described multi-core fiber (11) is connected with coupling module three (4), in coupling module three (4), include at least three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores (16) in described multi-core fiber (11) are connected with three passages respectively with transmission fibre core (15), and by this coupling module three (4) respectively with photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module two (8) is connected with photo-detector module three (5), photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module two (8) and photo-detector module three (5) are connected with processing module (6).
12. according to claim 9, a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of 10 or 11, it is characterized in that: outside the inner cladding (23) of described multi-core fiber (11), have surrounding layer (24), the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding (23) is greater than surrounding layer (24) exponent of refractive index, and described inner cladding (23) is the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle along multi-core fiber (11) cross section radially.
13. according to a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 9, it is characterized in that: in described multi-core fiber (11), described sensing fibre core (16) is laid in inner cladding (23) with conveyor screw shape, described transmission fibre core (15) is positioned at the spirochetal axial centre position that sensing fibre core (16) forms, and each described sensing fibre core (16) is apart from the distance difference of transmission fibre core (15).
14. 1 kinds of sensing devices based on multi-core fiber, comprise control module (10), light source module (12), coupling module two (9), photo-detector module one (7) and processing module (6), control module (10) is connected and controls the latter and send light signal with light source module (12), light source module (12) is connected with coupling module two (9), described coupling module two (9) is connected with one end of multi-core fiber (11), described multi-core fiber (11) is to have at least three fibre cores to be laid in inner cladding (23), one of them fibre core is transmission fibre core (15), other fibre cores are sensing fibre core (16), have at least the length of a sensing fibre core (16) different from the length of transmission fibre core (15), described coupling module two (9) has two passages at least, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, one of them passage is that the light signal that light source module (12) is sent is only coupled into the transmission fibre core (15) in multi-core fiber (11), other passage is connected with the sensing fibre core (16) of multi-core fiber (11), transmitting optical signal in sensing fibre core (16) is connected with photo-detector module one (7) by coupling module two (9), the light signal of transmission in photo-detector module one (7) sensing fibre core (16), photo-detector module one (7) is connected with processing module (6), be mounted with light reflecting device (33) at the other end of multi-core fiber (11).
15. according to a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 14, it is characterized in that: in the coupling module three (4) of settling in one end of described multi-core fiber (11), include at least three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores (16) in described multi-core fiber (11) are connected with three passages respectively with transmission fibre core (15), and are connected with photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module two (8) and light source module (12) respectively by this coupling module three (4); Photo-detector module one (7) is connected with processing module (6) with photo-detector module two (8); Photo-detector module one (7) and photo-detector module two (8) are obtained respectively the light signal transmitting in the sensing fibre core (16) of multi-core fiber (11).
16. according to a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 14, it is characterized in that: described light reflecting device (33) is fiber grating, light reflection mirror or comprises alveolate optical fiber.
The operation method of 17. 1 kinds of sensing devices based on multi-core fiber, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
1) comprise sensor fibre (11), the transmission fibre core (15) comprising in it is different with the length of sensing fibre core (16), control module (10) is controlled light source module (12) and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of transmission fibre core (15) of multi-core fiber (11) one end by coupling mechanism one (13);
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by one end of multi-core fiber (11) in transmission fibre core (15), and the photo-detector module one (7) that is positioned in multi-core fiber (11) other end obtains, photo-detector module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) by this pulsed optical signals;
3) while variation when the somewhere on multi-core fiber (11) is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity, in transmission fibre core (15), the light signal of transmission has partial coupling to enter transmission in two or more sensing fibre cores (16) and in each sensing fibre core (16), because transmission fibre core (15) is different with the length of sensing fibre core (16), the transmission speed difference of light signal between, transmit fibre core (15) and the interior light signal of sensing fibre core (16) successively order arrive multi-core fiber (11) other end being obtained by photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) by obtained light signal, processing module (6) calculates size and the position of measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the object of monitoring.
18. according to the operation method of a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 17, it is characterized in that: outside the inner cladding (23) of described multi-core fiber (11), have surrounding layer (24), the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding (23) is greater than surrounding layer (24) exponent of refractive index, and described inner cladding (23) is the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle along multi-core fiber (11) cross section radially.
The operation method of 19. 1 kinds of sensing devices based on multi-core fiber, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
1) comprise sensor fibre (11), the transmission fibre core (15) comprising in it is different with the length of sensing fibre core (16), control module (10) is controlled light source module (12) and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of transmission fibre core (15) of multi-core fiber (11) one end by coupling mechanism one (13);
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by one end of multi-core fiber (11) in transmission fibre core (15), be mounted with coupling module two (9) at the other end of described multi-core fiber (11), in coupling module two (9), include at least two passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores (16) in described multi-core fiber (11) are connected with two passages respectively, and are connected with photo-detector module one (7) and photo-detector module two (8) respectively by this coupling module two (9); Photo-detector module one (7) is connected with processing module (6) with photo-detector module two (8);
3) while variation when the somewhere on multi-core fiber (11) is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity, in transmission fibre core (15), the light signal of transmission has partial coupling to enter transmission in two or more sensing fibre cores (16) and in each sensing fibre core (16), wherein have at least the light signal of transmission in two sensing fibre cores (16) to be obtained by photo-detector module one (7) and photo-detector module two (8) respectively, two photo-detector modules change light signal into respectively electric signal and pass to processing module (6), processing module (6) is according to the size of both electric signal and both comparisons, eliminate optical signal power and change the error of introducing, pass through the time interval again, thereby calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, and complete the object of monitoring.
20. according to the operation method of a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 19, it is characterized in that: outside the inner cladding (23) of described multi-core fiber (11), have surrounding layer (24), the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding (23) is greater than surrounding layer (24) exponent of refractive index, and described inner cladding (23) is the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle along multi-core fiber (11) cross section radially.
The operation method of 21. 1 kinds of sensing devices based on multi-core fiber, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
1) comprise sensor fibre (11), the transmission fibre core (15) comprising in it is different with the length of sensing fibre core (16), control module (10) is controlled light source module (12) and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of transmission fibre core (15) of multi-core fiber (11) one end by coupling mechanism one (13);
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by one end of multi-core fiber (11) in transmission fibre core (15), be mounted with coupling module three (4) at the other end of described multi-core fiber (11), in coupling module three (4), include at least three passages, each interchannel does not disturb mutually, at least two sensing fibre cores (16) in described multi-core fiber (11) are connected with three passages respectively with transmission fibre core (15), and by this coupling module three (4) respectively with photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module two (8) is connected with photo-detector module three (5), photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module two (8) and photo-detector module three (5) are connected with processing module (6),
3) while variation when the somewhere on multi-core fiber (11) is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity, in transmission fibre core (15), the light signal of transmission has partial coupling to enter transmission in two or more sensing fibre cores (16) and in each sensing fibre core (16), wherein has the light signal of transmission in two sensing fibre cores (16) and transmission fibre core (15) at least respectively by photo-detector module one (7), photo-detector module two (8) and photo-detector module three (5) are obtained, three photo-detector modules change light signal into respectively electric signal and pass to processing module (6), processing module (6) is according to photo-detector module one (7), the size of the electric signal that photo-detector module two (8) is transmitted and both comparisons, eliminate optical signal power and change the error of introducing, again by the time interval of the electric signal that transmits with photo-detector module three (5), thereby calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, and complete the object of monitoring.
22. according to the operation method of a kind of sensing device based on multi-core fiber of claim 21, it is characterized in that: outside the inner cladding (23) of described multi-core fiber (11), have surrounding layer (24), the exponent of refractive index of inner cladding (23) is greater than surrounding layer (24) exponent of refractive index, and described inner cladding (23) is the symmetrical defect covering of non-circle along multi-core fiber (11) cross section radially.
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| CN113311531A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-27 | 天津大学 | Multi-core sensing and sensing integrated optical fiber for transmission system |
| CN113703517A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Multi-core optical fiber abacus scheme with adjustable cardinal number |
| CN113703517B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-06-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Multi-core optical fiber abacus with adjustable base number |
| CN114812637A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-07-29 | 湖北大学 | Communication sensing integration system based on multicore optic fibre |
| CN114812637B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-02 | 湖北大学 | Communication sensing integrated system based on multi-core optical fiber |
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