CN102323239A - Refractive index sensor based on asymmetric double-core optical fiber - Google Patents
Refractive index sensor based on asymmetric double-core optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a refractive index sensor based on an asymmetric double-core optical fiber. The refractive index sensor comprises a light source, a single-mode optical fiber circulator or a single-mode optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber cone, the asymmetric double-core optical fiber, a reflection mirror and a photoelectric detection device, wherein the light source is connected with a first port of the single-mode optical fiber circulator or the single-mode optical fiber coupler; a second port of the single-mode optical fiber circulator or the single-mode optical fiber coupler is connected with one end of the asymmetric double-core optical fiber through the optical fiber cone; a third port of the single-mode optical fiber circulator or the single-mode optical fiber coupler is connected with the photoelectric detection device; and the reflection mirror is positioned at the other end of the asymmetric double-core optical fiber. By utilizing the refractive index sensor, an integrated Michelson interferometer based on the asymmetric double-core optical fiber is formed by using characteristics that a ground mode effective refractive index of an edge core in the asymmetric double-core optical fiber is sensitive to the change of an outside refractive index and the ground mode effective refractive index of an inner core in the asymmetric double-core optical fiber is insensitive to the change of the outside refractive index, therefore, high-precision measurement for the refractive index can be realized.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of Fibre Optical Sensor, is specifically related to a kind of index sensor based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber.
Background technology
Refractive index is a basic physical function parameter of liquid, as one of important optical properties of material, in optical field, has extremely important status.The measurement of refractive index has in fields such as chemical industry, biology, pharmacy and food very widely uses, in a lot of physics or chemical parameters such as the potpourri in certain the content of certain material etc. can obtain through refractive Index Measurement.The method of traditional refractive Index Measurement is an angle-measuring method, is divided into angle of minimum deviation and the two kinds of methods of critical angle surveyed.But these two kinds of methods need sampled measurements, and Measuring Time is long, general difficult realize online detection and remote monitoring.
Optical fiber sensing technology have volume little, anticorrosive, realize advantages such as on-line measurement and remote monitoring obtaining increasing application easily in the measuring refractive indexes of liquid field.
Fiber liquid refractive index sensor based on intensity modulation has advantage simple in structure, that cost is low.The intensity modulation type optical fibre refractivity sensor that has existed at present comprises: based on the optical fibre refractivity sensor of spirality waveguide bending loss with based on the optical fibre refractivity sensor of reflective intensity modulated.But the transducing signal of the optical fibre refractivity sensor of intensity modulated is directly relevant with receiving light power, therefore receives the interference of external environment easily.Fiber grating from having got rid of the interference that light intensity fluctuation causes in essence, has very high reliability and stability as wavelength-modulated type sensor.Especially LPFG (LPG) because it is responsive to the surrounding medium variations in refractive index, thereby is widely used in the measurement of liquid refractivity.But LPFG not only refractive index is responsive, and also very responsive to the variation of environment temperature, temperature stability is relatively poor.Surface plasma resonant vibration (SPR) also is used to the measurement of liquid refractivity.But need fibre cladding be removed based on the index sensor of SPR usually, plate sensitive membrane, make complicacy on the fibre core surface, and different measured matters, need the different sensitive membrane of plating usually.
Fibre Optical Sensor based on interference structure has advantages such as simple in structure, highly sensitive and easy to make.It is independent of each other that but two of traditional optical fibre refractivity sensor based on interference structure interfere arms (pickup arm and reference arm), and integrated level is not high, and need be to the light path process coupling of two arms.Propose recently optical fiber is drawn awl or utilizes femto-second laser on fiber cores, to make the method for micropore can be integrated in an optical fiber with sensor.But the interference that is based on the index sensor of optical taper is to occur between core mode and a plurality of cladding mode, is multiple-mode interfence, and the susceptibility of different interference peaks refractive index is inconsistent in the interference spectum; And needing expensive femto-second laser based on the structure of micropore, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measurement highly sensitive, the good stability of system, the index sensor based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber easy to make, that cost is low.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this:
Comprise light source, single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler, optical taper, Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber, catoptron and photoelectric detection system; Light source links to each other with first port of single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler; Second port of single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler links to each other with an end of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber through optical taper; The 3rd port of single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler links to each other with photoelectric detection system, and catoptron is positioned at the other end of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; Described Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber comprises inner core and limit core, and the basic mode effective refractive index of two fibre cores is the response difference of environment variations in refractive index to external world.
The present invention can also comprise:
1, the distance of the inner core of described Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber and covering-air interface is greater than 10 μ m, and the distance of limit core and covering-air interface is less than 1 μ m; Inner core can be identical with the diameter of limit core, also can be different; Inner core can be identical with the refractive index of limit core, also can be different.
2, described catoptron is good fiber end face of cutting or the metal film that is plated on fiber end face.
3, described optical taper is to carry out the optical taper that fused biconical taper is made through the solder joint place between single-mode fiber and Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; Said optical taper is coupled into the light in the single-mode fiber in the inner core and limit core of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber according to certain splitting ratio, or the light that transmits in inner core and the limit core is coupled in the single-mode fiber simultaneously.
4, described light source can be a wide spectrum light source, also can be tunable narrowband optical source; Described photoelectric detection system can be a spectroanalysis instrument, also can be light power meter.
The basic mode effective refractive index that the present invention utilizes limit core in Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber variations in refractive index to external world is responsive; And the basic mode effective refractive index of the inner core insensitive characteristic of variations in refractive index to external world; Formation realizes the high-acruracy survey of refractive index based on the integrated form Michelson interferometer of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber.
The present invention is based on the fiber optic interferometric principle; Utilize the basic mode effective refractive index of fiber cores of diverse location in the Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber different to the response of environment variations in refractive index, the wave length shift through monitoring wide range interference of light peak or the variation of tunable narrow spectrum interference of light intensity come the variation of refractive Index Measurement.To use wide spectrum light source to be measured as example, specifically provide the principle of work of patent of the present invention below.
Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber as shown in Figure 2 is made up of inner core, limit core and covering.If the length of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber is L, the refractive index of inner core and limit core is respectively n
1And n
2, the environment refractive index around the twin-core fiber is n.According to principle of interference, the optical path difference of corresponding two fibre cores of the interference peaks in the interference spectum equals the integral multiple of place, peak value place wavelength, promptly for certain interference peaks, has so
(n
1-n
2)L＝mλ (1)
Wherein m is an integer, and λ is the corresponding wavelength in place, interference peaks place.
Because the thickness of covering is greater than 10 μ m around the inner core of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber, can be similar to and thinks that the effective refractive index of its fibre core basic mode does not receive the influence of external environment variations in refractive index; And the limit core apart from the distance of optical fibre interface less than 1 μ m, the effective refractive index of its fibre core basic mode can along with the external environment variations in refractive index and change.If the variations in refractive index δ n of fruit twin-core fiber surrounding environment can cause that the effective refractive index of limit core in the twin-core fiber produces the variation of Δ n, the optical path difference between the inner core of twin-core fiber and the limit core becomes so: (n
1-n
2) L+ Δ nL.
Because two-way interferes the optical path difference of arm to change, in the transmitted spectrum can squint in the position of interference peaks, and establishing side-play amount is Δ λ.Usually the change amount of external environment refractive index is less, and the variation of caused fiber cores optical path difference can not surpass a wavelength, for the pairing wavelength X of new interference peaks+Δ λ, has so
(n
1-n
2)L+ΔnL＝m(λ+Δλ) (2)
In conjunction with formula (1) and formula (2), obtain
Can find out that from formula (3) for interference peaks of confirming and the Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber of confirming, the position of interference peaks is moved only relevant with variations in refractive index in the transmission spectrum.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) index sensor of the present invention is based on the fiber optic interferometric principle, both can utilize the variation of wide range light detection interference peaks position, can utilize the variation of tunable narrow spectrum light detection interference light intensity to come the variation of refractive Index Measurement again, measures highly sensitive.
(2) index sensor of the present invention utilizes Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber that pickup arm and reference arm are integrated in the optical fiber, and compact conformation can effectively reduce the influence of the disturbance of ambient temperature to measurement result, has improved the stability of system.
(3) index sensor of the present invention does not need complicated grating write device, need not corrode or rubbing down yet, and easy to make, cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation based on the index sensor of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber in the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 2 is a kind of end face structure synoptic diagram of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation based on the index sensor of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber in the embodiment of the invention two.
Fig. 4 is the spectrum that utilizes the variable concentrations alcohol water blend that the optical fibre refractivity sensor among the embodiment two records.
Embodiment
For example the present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but should limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
Embodiment one: combine Fig. 1; A kind of index sensor of the present invention based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; By light source 1, single-mode fiber circulator 2, optical taper 3, Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4, the catoptron 5 that is positioned at the Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber end face is formed with photoelectric detection system 6; Light source 1 links to each other with the port 21 of fiber optical circulator 2, and the port 22 of fiber optical circulator 2 links to each other through optical taper 3 with Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4, and the port 23 of fiber optical circulator 2 links to each other with photoelectric detection system 6.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4 comprises the inner core 41 and limit core 42 that is arranged in covering 43; The distance of inner core 41 and covering-air interface is greater than 10 μ m, and the distance of limit core 42 and covering-air interface is less than 1 μ m; Inner core 41 is different with the refractive index of limit core 42, is respectively n
1And n
2Light source 1 is a wide spectrum light source, and photoelectric detection system 6 is a spectroanalysis instrument, and catoptron 5 is the good fiber end face of cutting.The port 22 and the optical taper 3 between the Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4 of fiber optical circulator are to make through the mode of fused biconical taper.
In when work, the light that wide spectrum light source 1 sends arrives optical tapers 3 through fiber optical circulator 2, and is coupled in two cores 41 and 42 of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4 through optical taper 3.Along fibre core 41 and 5 reflections of 42 transmission catoptrons, the two-way reflected light interferes at port 22 places of fiber optical circulator 2 after optical taper 3 couplings two-beam once more respectively, and interference signal is detected by spectroanalysis instrument 6 through the port 23 of circulator 2.If the refractive index of external environment changes, limit core 42 the basic mode effective refractive index can change thereupon, and the basic mode effective refractive index of inner core 41 can think constant.The optical path difference of the light signal that in two fibre cores, transmits so can change, thereby the position that causes the interference peaks of the interference spectrum that spectroanalysis instrument 6 shows is moved.Therefore, just can realize the measurement of environment variations in refractive index to external world easily through the position of monitoring interference peaks.
Embodiment two: combine Fig. 3; Another kind of the present invention is based on the index sensor of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; By light source 1, single-mode optical-fibre coupler 7, optical taper 3, Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4, the catoptron 5 that is positioned at the Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber end face is formed with photoelectric detection system 6; Light source 1 links to each other with the port 71 of fiber coupler 7, and the port 72 of fiber coupler 7 links to each other through optical taper 3 with Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4, and the port 74 of fiber coupler 7 links to each other with photoelectric detection system 6, and the port 73 of fiber coupler 7 is vacant.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4 comprises inner core 41 and limit core 42; The distance of inner core 41 and covering-air interface is greater than 10 μ m, and the distance of limit core 42 and covering-air interface is less than 1 μ m; Inner core 41 is different with the refractive index of limit core 42, is respectively n
1And n
2Light source 1 is a wide spectrum light source, and photoelectric detection system 6 is a spectroanalysis instrument, and catoptron 5 is the good fiber end face of cutting.The port 72 and the optical taper 3 between the Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4 of fiber optical circulator are to make through the mode of fused biconical taper.
In when work, the light that wide spectrum light source 1 sends arrives optical tapers 3 through fiber coupler 7, and is coupled in two cores 41 and 42 of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber 4 through optical taper 3.Two-beam is respectively along fibre core 41 and 42 transmission, and the mirror 5 that is reflected reflects, and the two-way reflected light interferes at port 72 places of fiber coupler 7 after optical taper 3 couplings once more, and interference signal is detected by spectroanalysis instrument 6 through the port 74 of coupling mechanism 7.If the refractive index of external environment changes, limit core 42 the basic mode effective refractive index can change thereupon, and the basic mode effective refractive index of inner core 41 can think constant.The optical path difference of the light signal that in two fibre cores, transmits so can change, thereby the position that causes the interference peaks of the interference spectrum that spectroanalysis instrument 6 shows is moved.Therefore, just can realize the measurement of environment variations in refractive index to external world easily through the position of monitoring interference peaks.
Fig. 4 is the spectrum that utilizes the alcohol water blend of the variable concentrations that the optical fibre refractivity sensor of structure shown in Figure 3 records.Wherein, curve A is the spectrum of distilled water, and curve B is that the volume ratio of alcohol and distilled water is 1/25 o'clock a spectrum, and curve C is that the volume ratio of alcohol and distilled water is 2/25 o'clock a spectrum.
Claims (5)
1. the index sensor based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber comprises light source, single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler, optical taper, Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber, catoptron and photoelectric detection system; It is characterized in that: light source links to each other with first port of single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler; Second port of single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler links to each other with an end of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber through optical taper; The 3rd port of single-mode fiber circulator or single-mode optical-fibre coupler links to each other with photoelectric detection system, and catoptron is positioned at the other end of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; Described Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber comprises inner core and limit core, and the basic mode effective refractive index of two fibre cores is the response difference of environment variations in refractive index to external world.
2. a kind of index sensor according to claim 1 based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; It is characterized in that: the inner core of described Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber and the distance of covering-air interface are greater than 10 μ m, and the distance of limit core and covering-air interface is less than 1 μ m.
3. a kind of index sensor based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described catoptron is good fiber end face of cutting or the metal film that is plated on fiber end face.
4. a kind of index sensor based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described optical taper is to carry out the optical taper that fused biconical taper is made through the solder joint place between single-mode fiber and Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; Said optical taper is coupled into the light in the single-mode fiber in the inner core and limit core of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber according to certain splitting ratio, or the light that transmits in inner core and the limit core is coupled in the single-mode fiber simultaneously.
5. a kind of index sensor based on Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described optical taper is to carry out the optical taper that fused biconical taper is made through the solder joint place between single-mode fiber and Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber; Said optical taper is coupled into the light in the single-mode fiber in the inner core and limit core of Asymmetric Twin-Core Fiber according to certain splitting ratio, or the light that transmits in inner core and the limit core is coupled in the single-mode fiber simultaneously.
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| CN103196870A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-07-10 | 天津理工大学 | Michelson mode field interference refractive index sensor based on single-mode fiber |
| CN103901532A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 西安金和光学科技有限公司 | Multi-core optical fiber, sensing device with same and operating method of sensing device |
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| CN105954235A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Hole-assisted dual-core optical fiber interferential refractive index sensor |
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| CN103901532A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 西安金和光学科技有限公司 | Multi-core optical fiber, sensing device with same and operating method of sensing device |
| WO2014101754A1 (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-03 | 西安金和光学科技有限公司 | Multi-core optical fibre, sensing device adopting multi-core optical fibre and running method therefor |
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| CN105954231A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Hole-assisted dual-core optical fiber sensor based on mode coupling mechanism |
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| CN107727123A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Modulated fiber type based on electrocaloric effect integrates Michelson interferometers |
| CN108051406B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2023-05-09 | 成都信息工程大学 | Electro-optic effect optical waveguide detection device |
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| CN110954239A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-04-03 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Temperature sensor based on double-core single-hole optical fiber |
| CN110927113A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-03-27 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Fiber integrated hydrogen sensor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112762861A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-07 | 聊城大学 | Multi-core optical fiber sensing assembly and multi-core optical fiber sensing system |
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| CN115575353B (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2023-11-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber refractive index sensor based on whispering gallery mode and measuring method |
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