CN103134533A - Distributed optical fiber sensing device based on dual-channel and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Distributed optical fiber sensing device based on dual-channel and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/3537—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself
- G01D5/3538—Optical fibre sensor using a particular arrangement of the optical fibre itself using a particular type of fiber, e.g. fibre with several cores, PANDA fiber, fiber with an elliptic core or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber sensing device based on a dual-channel and an operation method of the distributed optical fiber sensing device based on the dual-channel. Adopted optical fiber is the fiber provided with two optical signal transmission channels, the fiber is such as dual core optical fiber and dual-cladding or multi-cladding fiber, transmission speeds of optical signals in the two optical signal transmission channels are different, and a purpose of distributed detection of physical quantity to be tested can be achieved by detecting optical signal changes of the two optical signal transmission channels and a corresponding position of each optical signal. The distributed optical fiber sensing device based on the dual-channel has the advantages of being convenient to use, low in cost and high in accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fibre-optical sensing device and operation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment and operation method thereof of, monitoring fl transmission change in optical signal twin-channel based on having.
Background technology
the patent of Chinese patent application number 201120130642.5 " based on the temperature sensing devices of twin-core fiber " has disclosed a kind of temperature sensing device, it adopts wideband light source, twin-core fiber and spectroanalysis instrument, when temperature variation, distance in twin-core fiber between two fibre cores also can change, thereby the variation that the fibre core that causes injecting broadband optical signal is coupled to the wavelength of optical signal of the fibre core that does not inject light signal, and this variation detected by spectroanalysis instrument, thereby complete the monitoring to temperature, it is simple in structure, test specification is wide, but its test parameter is single, and can not realize distributed monitoring.
existing distributed or quasi-distributed fibre-optical sensing device is all that rear orientation light is main testing fixture in the optical fiber, comprise the most frequently used optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR), the fiber Raman temperature sensing device, Brillouin scattering sensing device and Bragg optical fibre raster sensor, plant in sensing device at first three, because the rear orientation light that includes heat transfer agent in optical fiber is very little with respect to incident light, general little three to six orders of magnitude of back scattering light ratio incident light, so the detection of rear orientation light is more difficult, usually need to process many times by sampling integrator and could extract faint signal in order to remove noise, thereby make the monitoring equipment more complicated, cost is higher, real-time is poor, and the ultimate range of its monitoring is rarer surpasses 100 kilometers, although and the quasi-distributed optical-fiber sensing device reflected light signal that is made of bragg grating is stronger, but the easy phase mutual interference of the light signal between its fiber grating, so the quantity of fiber grating is few, the quantity of the fiber grating on every optical fiber only has at most dozens of, is difficult to realize the distributed monitoring of long distance.
On the other hand, existing Fibre Optical Communication Technology is in development at full speed, the distance of its non-relay communication easily surpasses several hundred kilometers, if adopt again er-doped or Raman fiber multiplying arrangement can reach thousands of kilometers, its main cause is that the light signal strength of propagated forward is far longer than the back scattering light signal, if can have a kind of based on fl transmission the distributed sensing device of time monitoring change in optical signal, the distance that can significantly extend distributed optical fiber sensing, however do not retrieve such device at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has disclosed a kind of based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment and operation method thereof, the optical fiber that adopts is the optical fiber with two optical signal transmission passages, as twin-core fiber, double clad or multi-clad, by detecting the variation of light signal between two transmitting optical signal passages, can reach the purpose of distributed monitoring.That this fibre-optical sensing device has is easy to use, cost is low, has application prospect preferably.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, comprise control module, light source module, coupling mechanism one, photo-detector module one and processing module, control module is connected with light source module and controls the latter and send pulsed optical signals, light source module is connected with coupling mechanism one, described coupling mechanism one is connected with an end of sensor fibre, described sensor fibre is the optical fiber that includes optical channel one and optical channel two, described coupling mechanism one is to make light signal only be coupled into the interior coupling mechanism of one of them interior optical channel of sensor fibre, the light signal that wavelength is identical is different in the speed of described optical channel one and optical channel two interior transmission, the other end at described sensor fibre is connected with photo-detector one, and photo-detector one obtains the light signal of optical channel one and optical channel two interior transmission simultaneously, and photo-detector one is connected with processing module.
Further, the other end at described sensor fibre is connected with coupling mechanism two, include passage one and passage two in coupling mechanism two, passage one and passage two do not disturb mutually, the interior passage one of optical channel one in described sensor fibre and coupling mechanism two is connected, and passage is connected with photo-detector one in the lump; The interior passage two of optical channel two in described sensor fibre and coupling mechanism two is connected, and passage two also is connected with photo-detector two; Photo-detector one is connected with photo-detector and is connected with processing module.
Also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler of settling between light source module and coupling mechanism one, light source module is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler is connected with coupling mechanism one, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler is connected with photodetection module three, and photodetection module three is connected with control module.
Described 1 * 2 photo-coupler is the optical branching device of 1:99 light signal allocation proportion, wherein distributes the many ends of light signal to be connected with coupling mechanism one, distributes the few end of light signal to be connected with photodetection module three.
Also comprise and the parallel communication optical fiber of settling of sensor fibre, the two ends of communication optical fiber are connected with transceiver module with transceiver module one respectively, and transceiver module one is connected with transceiver module and is connected with processing module with control module respectively.
Described photo-detector one, photo-detector two, photodetection module three are one of light power meter, photon counter, spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter.
Described light source module is one of single wavelength light source, multi wave length illuminating source or wideband light source.
Described sensor fibre is W-type fiber, it is radially-arranged from the center to the edge, comprise successively fibre core, covering one, covering two and covering three, the refractive index of described fibre core is greater than the refractive index of covering one, the refractive index of covering two is greater than the refractive index of covering one and covering three, is protective seams in covering three outsides; Described fibre core and covering two are respectively optical channel one and the optical channels two of described sensor fibre.
Described sensor fibre is twin-core fiber, comprise inner cladding and the surrounding layer that is positioned at the inner cladding outside, be mounted with side by side fibre core one and fibre core two in inner cladding, the refractive index of described fibre core one and fibre core two is greater than the refractive index of inner cladding, the refractive index of inner cladding greater than the refractive index of surrounding layer, is coat outside surrounding layer; Described fibre core one and fibre core two are respectively optical channel one and the optical channels two of described sensor fibre.
At least the zone between optical channel one and optical channel two is the fluorescence packets layer region, and described fluorescence packets layer region is to be made of the transparent material doped with fluorescent material.
The refractive index of described fibre core one is higher than the refractive index of fibre core two.
The external diameter of described fibre core one is greater than the external diameter of fibre core two.
Described fibre core one and fibre core two are placed in inner cladding with spiral form.
Described fibre core one is positioned on the central shaft of optical fiber, and described fibre core two is settled around fibre core one spiral.
Based on the operation method of twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, step is as follows:
1) control module is controlled light source module and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel one of sensor fibre one end by coupling mechanism one;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre in optical channel one, and the photodetection module one that is positioned in the sensor fibre other end obtains, and photodetection module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module with this pulsed optical signals;
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, the light signal of optical channel one interior transmission has partial coupling to advance in optical channel two and in the interior transmission of optical channel two, because optical channel one is different with the transmission speed of optical channel two interior light signals, optical channel one and the interior light signal of optical channel two minute precedence arrives the sensor fibre other end and is obtained by photodetection module one, photodetection module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
Based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, step is as follows:
1) control module is controlled light source module and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel one of sensor fibre one end by coupling mechanism one;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre in optical channel one, be mounted with coupling mechanism two at the sensor fibre other end, passage one in coupling mechanism two is connected with optical channel one, passage one other end is connected with photodetection module one, passage two in coupling mechanism two is connected with optical channel two, passage two other ends are connected with photodetection module two, and photodetection module one and photodetection module two are converted into the pulsed optical signals that transmits in optical channel one and optical channel two electric signal and pass to processing module respectively;
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, the light signal of optical channel one interior transmission has partial coupling to advance in optical channel two and in the interior transmission of optical channel two, because optical channel one is different with the transmission speed of optical channel two interior light signals, optical channel one and the interior light signal of optical channel two minute precedence arrives the sensor fibre other end and is obtained by photodetection module one and photodetection module two respectively, photodetection module one and photodetection module two are converted into the light signal that obtains electric signal and pass to processing module respectively, processing module is according to the order of electric signal, size and the time interval calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
Further, in step 3) in, also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler of settling between light source module and coupling mechanism one, light source module is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler is connected with coupling mechanism one, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler is connected with photodetection module three, and photodetection module three is connected with control module; The pulsed optical signals that sends of light source module has small part to enter photodetection module three after by 1 * 2 photo-coupler, photodetection module three is converted into electrical signal transfer to control module with this signal, control module calculates the size of the pulsed optical signals that light source module sends according to this electric signal and this value is converted into the coding of prior setting, and control module is controlled light source module this coding is sent; Photodetection module two is obtained this and is comprised the light signal of this coding and be converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module, processing module is according to this coding and the coding schedule contrast of presetting, obtain the size that light source module sends pulsed optical signals, as watt level, the wavelength state of pulsed optical signals and according to this value, the size and the position that calculate measured physical quantity are revised.
Further, in step 3) in, also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler of settling between light source module and coupling mechanism one, light source module is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler is connected with coupling mechanism one, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler is connected with photodetection module three, and photodetection module three is connected with control module; The pulsed optical signals that sends of light source module has small part to enter photodetection module three after by 1 * 2 photo-coupler, photodetection module three is converted into electrical signal transfer to control module with this signal, control module calculates the size of the pulsed optical signals that light source module sends according to this electric signal and this value is converted into the coding of prior setting, and control module is controlled transceiver module one and by communication optical fiber, this coding sent; Transceiver module two obtains the light signal that comprises coding and is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module by communication optical fiber, processing module is according to this coding and the coding schedule contrast of presetting, obtain the size that light source module sends pulsed optical signals, as information such as the watt level of pulsed optical signals or wavelength states, and according to this value, the size and the position that calculate measured physical quantity are revised.
Based on the operation method of twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, sensor fibre has the fluorescence doped region between passage one and optical channel two, and step is as follows:
1) control module is controlled light source module and is sent the direct impulse light signal, and the direct impulse light signal is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel one of sensor fibre one end by coupling mechanism one;
2) the direct impulse light signal transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre in optical channel one, and the photodetection module one that is positioned in the sensor fibre other end obtains, and photodetection module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module with this pulsed optical signals;
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, the detection light signal of optical channel one interior transmission has partial coupling to advance fluorescence packets layer region between optical channel one and optical channel two, and inspire a large amount of fluorescence signals, the part fluorescence signal is coupled in optical channel two and in the interior transmission of optical channel two, because light signal is different with the transmission speed of optical channel two interior light signals at optical channel one, the fluorescence signal of the detection light signal of optical channel one interior transmission and optical channel two interior transmission minute precedence arrives the sensor fibre other end and is obtained by photodetection module one, photodetection module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
Based on the operation method of twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, sensor fibre has the fluorescence doped region between passage one and optical channel two, and step is as follows:
1) control module is controlled light source module and is sent the direct impulse light signal, and the direct impulse light signal is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel one of sensor fibre one end by coupling mechanism one;
2) the direct impulse light signal transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre in optical channel one, and the photodetection module one that is positioned in the sensor fibre other end obtains, and photodetection module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module with this pulsed optical signals;
3) the direct impulse light signal is when the interior transmission of optical channel one, having part to survey light signal transmits at the fluorescence packets layer region, and inspire fluorescence signal, the part fluorescence signal is coupled in optical channel two and transfers to the end of sensor fibre in optical channel two, and obtained by photodetection module one, photodetection module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module with this pulsed optical signals;
4) when the somewhere on sensor fibre is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, variation has also occured in the fluorescence signal that the detection light signal excites, the vicissitudinous fluorescence signal of part is coupled in optical channel two and in the interior transmission of optical channel two, because light signal is different with transmission speed in optical channel two at optical channel one, the fluorescence signal of the detection light signal of optical channel one interior transmission and optical channel two interior transmission and vicissitudinous fluorescence signal minute precedence arrives the sensor fibre other end and is obtained by photodetection module one, photodetection module one is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, make by the Forward Monitor technology distant that light signal can transmit, satisfy the actual demands such as natural gas line, oil pipeline, Brillouin scattering monitoring device more in the market has the advantages that cost is low, monitoring distance is long, precision is high, has good market outlook.
2, the speed of transmitting in binary channels due to the binary channels in the sensor fibre that adopts and light signal is different, transmission direct impulse light signal in one of them passage, another passage does not inject light signal, when sensor fibre one place changes, as temperature variation, little curved, crooked, during the situations such as distortion, the light signal that injects is overflowed and has partial coupling closely not inject in the passage of light signal, thereby the photo-detector by the sensor fibre end is caught, difference due to optical signal transmission speed in two passages, the direct impulse light signal arrives photo-detector with the light signal minute precedence that includes in another passage of measured physical quantity, thereby tell size and the time interval of different light signals, can know the size of measured physical quantity according to the size of the light signal that comprises measured physical quantity, according to direct impulse light signal and the position that can calculate measured physical quantity interval time that contains the light signal of measured physical quantity, thereby completed the purpose of distributed monitoring.When having many places to change on sensor fibre, can form the sequence of a plurality of pulsed optical signals.
3, due to the useful area of the covering two of the W-type fiber useful area much larger than fibre core, thus can be at the powerful pulsed optical signals of the interior injection of covering two, thus can increase the length of monitoring.
4, due to this device only an optical channel in sensor fibre inject light signal, and detect the light signal of another optical channel, this belongs to the details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues monitoring technology, has higher precision and accuracy.
In sum, the distributed optical sensing devices based on double channel optical fiber of the present invention have simple in structure, cost is low, monitoring distance is long, can realize the purpose of distributed monitoring sensing, has market outlook preferably.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the xsect of sensor fibre in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Fig. 2 sensor fibre index distribution radially.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of xsect of the sensor fibre of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of Fig. 4 sensor fibre index distribution radially.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Description of reference numerals:
1-fibre core; 2-covering one; 3-covering two; 4-covering three; 5-protective seam;
6-processing module; 7-photo-detector module one; 8-photo-detector module two;
9-coupling mechanism two; 10-control module; 11-sensor fibre; 12-light source module;
13-coupling mechanism one; 14-output module; 15-optical channel one; 16-optical channel two;
17-photo-detector module three; 18-1 * 2 photo-couplers; 19-auxiliary optical fiber;
20-communication optical fiber; 21-fibre core one; 22-fibre core two; 23-inner cladding; 24-surrounding layer; 25-coat; 33-transceiver module one; 34-transceiver module two.
Embodiment
as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, comprise control module 10, light source module 12, coupling mechanism 1, photo-detector module 1 and processing module 6, control module 10 is connected with light source module 12 and controls the latter and send pulsed optical signals, light source module 12 is connected with coupling mechanism 1 by auxiliary optical fiber 19, described coupling mechanism 1 is connected with an end of sensor fibre 11, described sensor fibre 11 is the optical fiber that includes optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16, described coupling mechanism 1 is to make light signal only be coupled into the interior interior coupling mechanism of one of them optical channel of sensor fibre 11, the light signal of identical wavelength is different in the speed of described optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16 interior transmission, the other end at described sensor fibre 11 is connected with photo-detector 1, and photo-detector 1 obtains the light signal of optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16 interior transmission simultaneously, and photo-detector 1 is connected with processing module 6.Preferably, processing module 6 is connected with output module 14.
Based on the operation method of twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, step is as follows:
1) control module 10 is controlled light source module 12 and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel 1 of sensor fibre 11 1 ends by coupling mechanism 1;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre 11 in optical channel 1, and the photodetection module 1 that is positioned in sensor fibre 11 other ends obtains, and photodetection module 1 is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 with this pulsed optical signals;
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre 11 is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, the light signal of optical channel one 15 interior transmission has partial coupling to advance in optical channel 2 16 and in the interior transmission of optical channel 2 16, because the transmission speed of optical channel 1 light signal identical with the interior wavelength of optical channel 2 16 is different, optical channel 1 and the interior light signal of optical channel 2 16 minute precedence arrives sensor fibre 11 other ends and is obtained by photodetection module 1, photodetection module 1 is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module 6 calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
Described photo-detector 1, photo-detector 28, photodetection module 3 17 can be one of light power meter, photon counter, spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter.
Described light source module 12 can be one of single wavelength light source, multi wave length illuminating source or wideband light source.Be Distributed Feedback Laser as single wavelength light source, its output optical signal is Wavelength stabilized, and power is large.Multi wave length illuminating source can be to be made of a plurality of Distributed Feedback Lasers.
When photo-detector 1, photo-detector 28, photodetection module 3 17 adopt be the testing tool of light power meter, photon counter the time, preferably, light source module 12 can be one of single wavelength light source, multi wave length illuminating source, the detector collection of apparatus of the present invention be the watt level of pulsed optical signals, and can extrapolate the size of physical quantity to be measured according to its watt level; When photo-detector 1, photo-detector 28, photodetection module 3 17 adopt be one of spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter the time, preferably, light source module 12 can be one of multi wave length illuminating source or wideband light source, apparatus of the present invention collection be the wavelength information of pulsed optical signals, and can extrapolate according to this information the size of measured physical quantity.
Described sensor fibre 11 is W-type fibers, it is radially-arranged from the center to the edge, comprise successively fibre core 1, covering 1, covering 23 and covering 34, the refractive index of described fibre core 1 is greater than the refractive index of covering 1, the refractive index of covering 23 is greater than the refractive index of covering 1 and covering 34, is protective seams 5 in covering 34 outsides; Described fibre core 1 and covering 23 are respectively optical channel 1 and the optical channels 2 16 of described sensor fibre 11.
Preferably, the fibre core 1 of described sensor fibre 11 and covering 23 are the quartz glasss doped with germanium, boron element.
Preferably, the covering 1 of described sensor fibre 11 is the quartz glasss doped with fluorine element.
Preferably, the covering 34 of described sensor fibre 11 is high-purity quartz glasss.
Preferably, the refractive index of the fibre core 1 of described sensor fibre 11 exceeds 0.3% than the refractive index of covering 1.
Preferably, the refractive index of the covering 23 of described sensor fibre 11 exceeds 0.1% than the refractive index of covering 1, and the refractive index of described covering 23 exceeds 0.3% than the refractive index of covering 34.
Preferably, the zone between optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16 is the fluorescence packets layer region at least, and described fluorescence packets layer region is to be made of the transparent material doped with fluorescent material.Its operation method, step is as follows:
1) control module 10 is controlled light source module 12 and is sent the direct impulse light signal, and the direct impulse light signal is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel 1 of sensor fibre 11 1 ends by coupling mechanism 1;
2) the direct impulse light signal transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre 11 in optical channel 1, and the photodetection module 1 that is positioned in sensor fibre 11 other ends obtains, and photodetection module 1 is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 with this pulsed optical signals; Photodetection module 1 can be one of light power meter, photon counter, spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter;
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre 11 is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, the detection light signal of optical channel one 15 interior transmission has partial coupling to advance fluorescence packets layer region between optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16, and inspire a large amount of fluorescence signals, the part fluorescence signal is coupled in optical channel 2 16 and in the interior transmission of optical channel 2 16, because light signal is different with the transmission speed of optical channel 2 16 interior light signals at optical channel 1, the fluorescence signal of the detection light signal of optical channel one 15 interior transmission and optical channel 2 16 interior transmission minute precedence arrives sensor fibre 11 other ends and is obtained by photodetection module 1, photodetection module 1 is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module 6 calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
Another kind of operation method is that step is as follows when sensor fibre 11 has the fluorescence doped region between passage 1 and optical channel 2 16:
1) control module 10 is controlled light source module 12 and is sent the direct impulse light signal, and the direct impulse light signal is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel 1 of sensor fibre 11 1 ends by coupling mechanism 1;
2) the direct impulse light signal transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre 11 in optical channel 1, and the photodetection module 1 that is positioned in sensor fibre 11 other ends obtains, and photodetection module 1 is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 with this pulsed optical signals;
3) the direct impulse light signal is when the interior transmission of optical channel 1, having part to survey light signal transmits at the fluorescence packets layer region, and inspire fluorescence signal, the part fluorescence signal is coupled in optical channel 2 16 and transfers to the end of sensor fibre 11 in optical channel 2 16, and obtained by photodetection module 1, photodetection module 1 is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 with this pulsed optical signals;
4) when the somewhere on sensor fibre 11 is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, variation has also occured in the fluorescence signal that the detection light signal excites, the vicissitudinous fluorescence signal of part is coupled in optical channel 2 16 and in the interior transmission of optical channel 2 16, because light signal is different with transmission speed in optical channel 2 16 at optical channel 1, the fluorescence signal of the detection light signal of optical channel one 15 interior transmission and optical channel 2 16 interior transmission and vicissitudinous fluorescence signal minute precedence arrives sensor fibre 11 other ends and is obtained by photodetection module 1, photodetection module 1 is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module 6 calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
Certainly, sensor fibre 11 also can be all or part of the employing macromolecular material consist of, as materials such as organic glass, transparent fluoroolefins material, polystyrene, can be applicable to the monitoring of short-range distributed physical quantity.
As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, the present embodiment is as different from Example 1: described sensor fibre 11 is twin-core fibers, comprise inner cladding 23 and the surrounding layer 24 that is positioned at inner cladding 23 outsides, be mounted with side by side fibre core 1 and fibre core 2 22 in inner cladding 23, the refractive index of described fibre core 1 and fibre core 2 22 is greater than the refractive index of inner cladding 23, the refractive index of inner cladding 23 is greater than the refractive index of surrounding layer 24, is coats 25 in surrounding layer 24 outsides; Described fibre core 1 and fibre core 2 22 are respectively optical channel 1 and the optical channels 2 16 of described sensor fibre 11.
Preferably, the refractive index of described fibre core 1 is higher than the refractive index of fibre core 2 22;
Preferably, the external diameter of described fibre core 1 is greater than the external diameter of fibre core 2 22.
Preferably, described fibre core 1 and fibre core 2 22 are placed in inner cladding 23 with spiral form.
Preferably, described fibre core 1 is positioned on the central shaft of optical fiber, and described fibre core 2 22 is settled around fibre core one 21 spirals.
In the present embodiment, the structure of remainder, annexation and principle of work are all identical with embodiment 1.
as shown in Figure 6, the present embodiment is as different from Example 1: based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, comprise control module 10, light source module 12, coupling mechanism 1, photo-detector module 1, photodetection module 28, coupling mechanism 29 and processing module 6, wherein, control module 10 is connected with light source module 12 and controls the latter and send pulsed optical signals, light source module 12 is connected with coupling mechanism 1, described coupling mechanism 1 is connected with an end of sensor fibre 11, described sensor fibre 11 is the optical fiber that includes optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16, described coupling mechanism 1 is to make light signal only be coupled into the interior interior coupling mechanism of one of them optical channel of sensor fibre 11, light signal is different in the speed of described optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16 interior transmission, the other end at described sensor fibre 11 is connected with coupling mechanism 29, include passage one and passage two in coupling mechanism 29, passage one and passage two do not disturb mutually, the interior passage one of optical channel 1 in described sensor fibre 11 and coupling mechanism 29 is connected, and passage is connected with photo-detector 1 in the lump, the interior passage two of optical channel 2 16 in described sensor fibre 11 and coupling mechanism 29 is connected, and passage two also is connected with photo-detector 28, photo-detector 1 is connected with photo-detector and 8 is connected with processing module 6.
Based on the operation method of twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, step is as follows:
1) control module 10 is controlled light source module 12 and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel 1 of sensor fibre 11 1 ends by coupling mechanism 1;
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre 11 in optical channel 1, be mounted with coupling mechanism 29 at sensor fibre 11 other ends, passage one in coupling mechanism 29 is connected with optical channel 1, passage one other end is connected with photodetection module 1, passage two in coupling mechanism 29 is connected with optical channel 2 16, passage two other ends are connected with photodetection module 28, and photodetection module 1 and photodetection module 28 are converted into the pulsed optical signals that transmits in optical channel 1 and optical channel 2 16 electric signal and pass to processing module 6 respectively;
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre 11 is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, the light signal of optical channel one 15 interior transmission has partial coupling to advance in optical channel 2 16 and in the interior transmission of optical channel 2 16, because optical channel 1 is different with the transmission speed of optical channel 2 16 interior light signals, optical channel 1 and the interior light signal of optical channel 2 16 minute precedence arrives sensor fibre 11 other ends and is obtained by photodetection module 1 and photodetection module 28 respectively, photodetection module 1 and photodetection module 28 are converted into the light signal that obtains electric signal and pass to processing module 6 respectively, processing module 6 is according to the order of electric signal, size and the time interval calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
In the present embodiment, the structure of remainder, annexation and principle of work are all identical with embodiment 1.
Show as Fig. 7, the present embodiment is as different from Example 3: also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 of settling between light source module 12 and coupling mechanism 1, light source module 12 is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 is connected with coupling mechanism 1, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 is connected with photodetection module 3 17, and photodetection module 3 17 is connected with control module 10.
Operating procedure, also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 of settling between light source module 12 and coupling mechanism 1, light source module 12 is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 is connected with coupling mechanism 1, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 is connected with photodetection module 3 17, and photodetection module 3 17 is connected with control module 10; The pulsed optical signals that sends of light source module 12 has small part to enter photodetection module 3 17 after by 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18, photodetection module 3 17 is converted into electrical signal transfer to control module 10 with this signal, control module 10 calculates the intensity size of the pulsed optical signals that light source module 12 sends according to this electric signal and this value is converted into the coding of prior setting, and control module 10 is controlled light source modules 12 this coding is sent; Photodetection module 1 is obtained this and is comprised the light signal of this coding and be converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6, processing module 6 is according to this coding and the coding schedule contrast of presetting, obtain the size that light source module 12 sends pulsed optical signals, and according to this value, the size and the position that calculate measured physical quantity are revised.
Preferably, also comprising and the parallel communication optical fiber 20 of settling of sensor fibre 11, is connected with transceiver module with transceiver module 1 respectively and is connected in the two ends of communication optical fiber 20, and transceiver module 1 is connected with transceiver module and 34 is connected with processing module with control module 10 respectively again and is connected.
Its operating procedure, also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 of settling between light source module 12 and coupling mechanism 1, light source module 12 is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 is connected with coupling mechanism 1, one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 is connected with photodetection module 3 17, and photodetection module 3 17 is connected with control module 10; The pulsed optical signals that sends of light source module 12 has small part to enter photodetection module 3 17 after by 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18, photodetection module 3 17 is converted into electrical signal transfer to control module 10 with this signal, control module 10 calculates the size of the pulsed optical signals that light source module 12 sends according to this electric signal and this value is converted into the coding of prior setting, and control module 10 is controlled transceiver modules 1 and by communication optical fiber 20, this coding sent; Transceiver module 2 34 obtains the light signal that comprises coding and is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module 6 by communication optical fiber 20, processing module 6 is according to this coding and the coding schedule contrast of presetting, obtain the size that light source module 12 sends pulsed optical signals, as information such as the watt level of pulsed optical signals or wavelength states, and according to this value, the size and the position that calculate measured physical quantity are revised.
Preferably, described 1 * 2 photo-coupler 18 is optical branching devices of 1:99 light signal allocation proportion, wherein distributes the many ends of light signal to be connected with coupling mechanism 1, distributes the few end of light signal to be connected with photodetection module 3 17.
In the present embodiment, the structure of remainder, annexation and principle of work are all same with embodiment 3.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not that the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every any simple modification, change and equivalent structure of above embodiment being done according to the technology of the present invention essence changes, and all still belongs in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: comprise control module (10), light source module (12), coupling mechanism one (13), photo-detector module one (7) and processing module (6), control module (10) is connected and controls the latter and send pulsed optical signals with light source module (12), light source module (12) is connected with coupling mechanism one (13), described coupling mechanism one (13) is connected with an end of sensor fibre (11), described sensor fibre (11) is the optical fiber that includes optical channel one (15) and optical channel two (16), described coupling mechanism one (13) is to make light signal only be coupled into the interior coupling mechanism of one of them interior optical channel of sensor fibre (11), the speed that the light signal that wavelength is identical transmits in described optical channel one (15) and optical channel two (16) is different, the other end at described sensor fibre (11) is connected with photo-detector one (7), and photo-detector one (7) is connected with processing module (6).
2. according to claim 1 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: an end of described sensor fibre (11) is connected with coupling mechanism two (9), include passage one and passage two in coupling mechanism two (9), passage one and passage two do not disturb mutually, the interior passage one of optical channel one (15) in described sensor fibre (11) and coupling mechanism two (9) is connected, and passage is connected with photo-detector one (7) in the lump; The interior passage two of optical channel two (16) in described sensor fibre (11) and coupling mechanism two (9) is connected, and passage two also is connected with photo-detector two (8); Photo-detector one (7) are connected with photo-detector (8) be connected with processing module (6).
3. according to claim 1 and 2 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) of settling between light source module (12) and coupling mechanism one (13), light source module (12) is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18), one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) is connected with coupling mechanism one (13), one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) is connected with photodetection module three (17), and photodetection module three (17) is connected with control module (10).
4. according to claim 3 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: described 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) is the optical branching device of 1:99 light signal allocation proportion, wherein distribute the many ends of light signal to be connected with coupling mechanism one (13), distribute the few end of light signal to be connected with photodetection module three (17).
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 is described based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: also comprise and the parallel communication optical fiber (20) of settling of sensor fibre (11), the two ends of communication optical fiber (20) are connected 34 with transceiver module one (33) with transceiver module respectively) be connected, transceiver module one (33) are connected with transceiver module (34) be connected 6 with control module (10) with processing module respectively again) be connected.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: described photo-detector one (7), photo-detector two (8), photodetection module three (17) are one of light power meter, photon counter, spectroanalysis instrument, wavemeter.
7. according to claim 1 and 2 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: described light source module (12) is one of single wavelength light source, multi wave length illuminating source or wideband light source.
8. according to claim 1 and 2 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: described sensor fibre (11) is W-type fiber, it is radially-arranged from the center to the edge, comprise successively fibre core (1), covering one (2), covering two (3) and covering three (4), the refractive index of described fibre core (1) is greater than the refractive index of covering one (2), the refractive index of covering two (3) greater than the refractive index of covering one (2) and covering three (4), is protective seam (5) outside covering three (4); Described fibre core (1) and covering two (3) are respectively optical channel one (15) and the optical channels two (16) of described sensor fibre (11).
9. according to claim 1 and 2 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: described sensor fibre (11) is twin-core fiber, comprise inner cladding (23) and be positioned at the surrounding layer (24) in inner cladding (23) outside, be mounted with side by side fibre core one (21) and fibre core two (22) in inner cladding (23), the refractive index of described fibre core one (21) and fibre core two (22) is greater than the refractive index of inner cladding (23), the refractive index of inner cladding (23) is greater than the refractive index of surrounding layer (24), coat (25) outside surrounding layer (24), described fibre core one (21) and fibre core two (22) are respectively optical channel one (15) and the optical channels two (16) of described sensor fibre (11).
10. according to claim 1 and 2 based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment, it is characterized in that: the zone between optical channel one (15) and optical channel two (16) is the fluorescence packets layer region at least, and described fluorescence packets layer region is to be made of the transparent material doped with fluorescent material.
11. the operation method based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment is characterized in that: step is as follows:
1) control module (10) is controlled light source module (12) and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel one (15) of sensor fibre (11) one ends by coupling mechanism one (13);
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre (11) in optical channel one (15), and the photodetection module one (7) that is positioned in sensor fibre (11) other end obtains, and photodetection module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) with this pulsed optical signals;
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre (11) is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, in optical channel one (15), the light signal of transmission has partial coupling to advance in optical channel two (16) and transmission in optical channel two (16), because optical channel one (15) is different with the transmission speed of optical channel two (16) interior light signals, optical channel one (15) and optical channel two (16) interior light signals minute precedence arrives sensor fibre (11) other end and is obtained by photodetection module one (7), photodetection module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module (6) calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
12. the operation method based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment is characterized in that: step is as follows:
1) control module (10) is controlled light source module (12) and is sent pulsed optical signals, and pulsed optical signals is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel one (15) of sensor fibre (11) one ends by coupling mechanism one (13);
2) pulsed optical signals transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre (11) in optical channel one (15), be mounted with coupling mechanism two (9) at sensor fibre (11) other end, passage one in coupling mechanism two (9) is connected with optical channel one (15), passage one other end is connected with photodetection module one (7), passage two in coupling mechanism two (9) is connected with optical channel two (16), passage two other ends are connected with photodetection module two (8), photodetection module one (7) and photodetection module two (8) are converted into the pulsed optical signals that transmits in optical channel one (15) and optical channel two (16) electric signal and pass to processing module (6) respectively,
3) when the somewhere on sensor fibre (11) is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, in optical channel one (15), the light signal of transmission has partial coupling to advance in optical channel two (16) and transmission in optical channel two (16), because optical channel one (15) is different with the transmission speed of optical channel two (16) interior light signals, optical channel one (15) and optical channel two (16) interior light signals minute precedence arrives sensor fibre (11) other end and is obtained by photodetection module one (7) and photodetection module two (8) respectively, photodetection module one (7) and photodetection module two (8) are converted into electric signal with the light signal that obtains respectively and pass to processing module (6), processing module (6) is according to the order of electric signal, size and the time interval calculate size and the position of measured physical quantity, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
13. the operation method based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: in step 3) in, also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) of settling between light source module (12) and coupling mechanism one (13), light source module (12) is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18), one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) is connected with coupling mechanism one (13), one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) is connected with photodetection module three (17), photodetection module three (17) is connected with control module (10), the pulsed optical signals that sends of light source module (12) has small part to enter photodetection module three (17) after by 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18), photodetection module three (17) is converted into electrical signal transfer to control module (10) with this signal, control module (10) calculates the size of the pulsed optical signals that light source module (12) sends according to this electric signal and this value is converted into the coding of prior setting, and control module (10) is controlled light source module (12) this coding is sent, photodetection module two (8) is obtained this and is comprised the light signal of this coding and be converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6), processing module (6) is according to this coding and the coding schedule contrast of presetting, obtain the size that light source module (12) sends pulsed optical signals, and according to this value, the size and the position that calculate measured physical quantity are revised.
14. the operation method based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment according to claim 12, it is characterized in that: in step 3) in, also be included in 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) of settling between light source module (12) and coupling mechanism one (13), light source module (12) is connected with 1 mouthful of end of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18), one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) is connected with coupling mechanism one (13), one end of 2 mouthfuls of 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18) is connected with photodetection module three (17), photodetection module three (17) is connected with control module (10), the pulsed optical signals that sends of light source module (12) has small part to enter photodetection module three (17) after by 1 * 2 photo-coupler (18), photodetection module three (17) is converted into electrical signal transfer to control module (10) with this signal, control module (10) calculates the size of the pulsed optical signals that light source module (12) sends according to this electric signal and this value is converted into the coding of prior setting, and control module (10) is controlled transceiver module one (33) and by communication optical fiber (20), this coding sent, transceiver module two (34) obtains by communication optical fiber (20) light signal that comprises coding and is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6), processing module (6) is according to this coding and the coding schedule contrast of presetting, obtain the size that light source module (12) sends pulsed optical signals, and according to this value, the size and the position that calculate measured physical quantity are revised.
15. the operation method based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) control module 10) to control light source module (12) and send the direct impulse light signal, the direct impulse light signal is injected into by coupling mechanism one (3) in the optical channel one (15) of sensor fibre (11) one ends and transmits;
2) the direct impulse light signal transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre (11) in optical channel one (15), and the photodetection module one (7) that is positioned in sensor fibre (11) other end obtains, and photodetection module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) with this pulsed optical signals;
3) when sensor fibre 11) on the somewhere be subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and when changing, in optical channel one (15), the detection light signal of transmission has partial coupling to advance fluorescence packets layer region between optical channel one (15) and optical channel two (16), and inspire a large amount of fluorescence signals, the part fluorescence signal is coupled in optical channel two (16) and transmission in optical channel two (16), because light signal is different with the transmission speed of light signal in optical channel two (16) at optical channel one (15), the fluorescence signal minute precedence of transmitting in the detection light signal of transmission and optical channel two (16) in optical channel one (15) arrives sensor fibre (11) other end and is obtained by photodetection module one (7), photodetection module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module (6) calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
16. the operation method based on twin-channel distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) control module (10) is controlled light source module (12) and is sent the direct impulse light signal, and the direct impulse light signal is injected into the interior transmission of optical channel one (15) of sensor fibre (11) one ends by coupling mechanism one (13);
2) the direct impulse light signal transfers to the other end by an end of sensor fibre (11) in optical channel one (15), and the photodetection module one (7) that is positioned in sensor fibre (11) other end obtains, and photodetection module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) with this pulsed optical signals;
When 3) the direct impulse light signal transmits in optical channel one (15), having part to survey light signal transmits at the fluorescence packets layer region, and inspire fluorescence signal, the part fluorescence signal is coupled in optical channel two (16) and transfers to the end of sensor fibre (11) in optical channel two (16), and obtained by photodetection module one (7), photodetection module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) with this pulsed optical signals;
4) when the somewhere on sensor fibre (11) is subject to the effect of measured physical quantity and changes, variation has also occured in the fluorescence signal that the detection light signal excites, the vicissitudinous fluorescence signal of part is coupled in optical channel two (16) and transmission in optical channel two (16), because light signal is different with transmission speed in optical channel two (16) at optical channel one (15), the fluorescence signal that transmits in the detection light signal of transmission and optical channel two (16) in optical channel one (15) and vicissitudinous fluorescence signal minute precedence arrive sensor fibre (11) other end and are obtained by photodetection module one (7), photodetection module one (7) is converted into electrical signal transfer to processing module (6) with the light signal that obtains, size and position that processing module (6) calculates measured physical quantity according to the size of electric signal and the time interval, thereby complete the purpose of distributed monitoring.
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| CN113532303B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-09-23 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for testing strain position of object by using external strain |
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| CN114354974A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 广东工业大学 | Distributed wind speed sensor based on double-core optical fiber, measuring device and method |
| CN114354974B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-06-16 | 广东工业大学 | Distributed wind speed sensor based on double-core optical fiber, measuring device and method |
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| CN103134533B (en) | 2017-08-22 |
| WO2013079027A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
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