CN111722068A - High-voltage cable monitoring system and method - Google Patents
High-voltage cable monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage cable monitoring system and method, and belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment state monitoring. The system comprises a data acquisition device, a temperature measurement module and a pulse current acquisition module, wherein the temperature measurement module is used for acquiring temperature distribution information of a certain cable section to be measured and determining the length information of an overheating interval of the cable section to be measured according to the temperature distribution information; the pulse current acquisition module is used for acquiring the discharge monitoring result of the overheating interval; and the system server judges whether the cable section to be detected has overload phenomenon or partial discharge phenomenon according to the received overheating interval length information and the overheating interval partial discharge monitoring result. The invention accurately positions the overheating section by distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, embodies the initial fault type by combining different fault types on temperature, and makes up the defects of a temperature measurement method on partial discharge detection by combining the partial discharge detection technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of state monitoring of electrical equipment, and particularly relates to a high-voltage cable monitoring system and method.
Background
With the development of economy and the innovation of technology, overhead high-voltage lines in cities are changed into high-voltage cables in underground tunnels, and the laying of power cables is more and more extensive and extends from crowds-dense areas to areas with less smoke, such as the sea, deserts and the like. Under the severe environments of high humidity, high salt and high temperature such as tunnels, sea surfaces, deserts and the like, the phenomena of cable core aging, insulating layer damage, cable partial discharge and the like of the high-voltage cable are easy to occur, and the safe and stable operation of a power system is threatened. Real-time monitoring of the operating state of the high voltage cable is of considerable importance. In reality, under severe environments such as high humidity, high salt, high temperature and the like at sea, deserts, culverts, tunnels and the like, the traditional manual inspection method cannot timely and effectively inspect the potential safety hazard of the high-voltage cable. Like a thermocouple, a thermal resistor, etc., based on an electric signal, cannot effectively operate under severe environments with high electromagnetic interference, high humidity, and high corrosiveness for a long period of time. With the development of optical fiber technology, optical fiber has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, good electrical insulation, chemical corrosion resistance, high sensitivity, quick response, explosion prevention, flame prevention, low cost, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, and optical fiber monitoring is an ideal means for monitoring high-voltage cables in severe environments. However, in the areas such as the sea, the desert, the culvert, the tunnel, etc., it is often the corners or remote areas that cannot be covered by the common communication means, and new communication lines are often needed to be erected to realize the communication transmission. This often requires a significant investment in cost and wastes manpower and material resources.
In addition, cable failures tend to generate heat locally, which is reflected in surface temperature. The applicant has found that the cable generates heat during operation mainly for the following reasons:
1. an overload phenomenon is generated in the running process of the cable, and after long-term use, the heating and heat dissipation are unbalanced, so that the heating phenomenon is caused;
2. the cable joint is not manufactured well, and the resistance at the cable joint is overlarge, so that the cable is heated;
3. the cable insulation layer is aged, the insulation resistance is reduced, and the heating phenomenon is caused;
4. partial discharge occurs in the cable, causing a local temperature rise.
In this, the operation temperature of a certain section of cable is overheated often to be caused by the ageing of sinle silk or insulating layer, easily perceives through temperature monitoring. The local discharge phenomenon can cause the local temperature change of the discharge point, the temperature change area is small, and the temperature change area is difficult to be reflected in a short time. However, the partial discharge can seriously affect the insulation life of the cable, cause insulation deterioration and accelerate the insulation failure process.
Chinese patent publication No. CN108872802A discloses a cable partial discharge distributed monitoring system. The system comprises: the system comprises a plurality of signal detection modules, a plurality of signal processing modules and a monitoring host; the signal detection modules are respectively connected with a plurality of cables led out from the power supply bus and used for detecting the three phases of the cables and partial discharge pulse signals on the grounding wire; the signal processing modules are connected with the signal detection modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for acquiring partial discharge pulse signals detected by the signal detection modules and acquiring the partial discharge amount of the cable according to the partial discharge pulse signals; the monitoring host is connected with the signal processing modules and used for acquiring the cable partial discharge amount calculated and obtained by the signal processing modules, and displaying and storing the partial discharge amount. When the method only considers the partial discharge amount of the partial discharge pulse signal cable, the change of the partial temperature of a discharge point caused by the partial discharge phenomenon is not realized, the temperature change area is small, and the short time is difficult to embody, so that the obtained detection result is not accurate enough.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention provides a high-voltage cable monitoring system and method, aiming at the problem that the monitoring result in the prior art is not accurate enough. The distributed optical fiber temperature measurement is used for accurately positioning the overheating section, the initial fault type is embodied by combining different fault types in temperature, and the defect of a temperature measurement method in partial discharge detection is made up by combining a partial discharge detection technology. And combining the monitored information of the overheating interval and the partial discharge point to provide an accurate cable running state and fault monitoring analysis result for power grid operators.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a high voltage cable monitoring system, comprising:
the data acquisition device comprises a temperature measurement module and a pulse current acquisition module, wherein the temperature measurement module is used for acquiring temperature distribution information of a certain cable section to be detected and determining the length information of an overheating interval of the cable section to be detected according to the temperature distribution information;
the pulse current acquisition module is used for acquiring a discharge monitoring result of the overheating interval, wherein the discharge monitoring result comprises: discharge amplitude, frequency and discharge time; and
and the system server judges whether the cable section to be detected has an overload phenomenon or a partial discharge phenomenon according to the received length information of the overheating section and the monitoring result of the partial discharge of the overheating section.
In some embodiments, the data acquisition device is in communication connection with the system server through a power line carrier module, and monitoring data of the data acquisition device is transmitted to the system server through the power line carrier module coupled to the metal shielding layer of the high-voltage cable.
In some embodiments, the power line carrier communication module includes a data interface, a power line carrier modem, an analog front end module, and an inductive coupling module;
the data interface transmits the received monitoring data to the power line carrier modem;
the power line modem is used for carrying out A/D, D/A conversion, modulation and demodulation and information coding on monitoring data to obtain a carrier signal;
the analog front-end module filters and amplifies power of the carrier signal to obtain a high-frequency carrier signal;
the inductive coupling module adopts a clamping type inductive coupler to couple the high-frequency carrier signal to the cable shielding layer.
In some embodiments, the power line carrier modem includes a physical layer module, a data link layer module, and a digital-to-analog conversion module, where the physical layer module is configured to perform modulation-demodulation and check-error correction on monitoring data; the data link layer module is used for detecting the state of the power line communication network, completing a response retransmission mechanism and a CSMA/CA mechanism and ensuring the accurate transmission of monitoring data; the digital-to-analog conversion module is used for converting the analog signal and the digital signal to obtain a carrier signal.
In some embodiments, the data acquisition device further comprises a photoelectric processing module, a data processing module and a storage control module, the storage control module is respectively connected with the data processing module and the photoelectric processing module, one side of the photoelectric processing module is connected with the temperature measurement module and the pulse current acquisition module, and the other side of the photoelectric processing module is connected with the data processing module.
In some embodiments, the temperature measurement module is a distributed fiber optic temperature sensor comprising a laser signal generator, a coupler, and a temperature measurement fiber; the laser signal generator receives the trigger signal of the storage control module and then transmits laser pulse to the temperature measuring optical fiber, and the storage control module records the frequency and the time of incident light; the photoelectric processing module carries out filtering, photoelectric conversion and amplification on reflected waves of the temperature measuring optical fiber generated due to the Raman scattering effect to obtain Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensity, and the Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensity is transmitted to the data processing module to calculate the temperature value of the measured point.
In some embodiments, the pulse current acquisition module is a pulse current sensor, local discharge pulse current signals at the cable and the cable joint are coupled through the pulse current sensor arranged on a grounding wire of the cable joint, and the coupled pulse signals are transmitted to the photoelectric processing module through a coaxial cable;
the photoelectric processing module carries out filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion on the coupled pulse signal to obtain amplitude information of the discharge pulse, and transmits the amplitude information to the storage control module;
and the storage control module records the time, the amplitude and the frequency of the discharge signal of the discharge pulse and transmits the time, the amplitude and the frequency to a system server.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a high voltage cable monitoring method, which is applied to the above high voltage cable monitoring system, and includes:
acquiring temperature distribution information of a certain cable section to be tested, which is acquired by a temperature measurement module, and determining the length information of an overheating interval of the cable section to be tested according to the temperature distribution information;
acquiring a discharge monitoring result of the overheating interval acquired by a pulse current acquisition module, wherein the discharge monitoring result comprises; discharge amplitude, frequency and discharge time;
and judging whether the overload phenomenon or the partial discharge phenomenon occurs or not according to the length information of the overheating interval and the monitoring result of the partial discharge of the overheating interval.
In some embodiments, the thermometry module comprises a laser signal generator, a coupler and a thermometry optical fiber, and the thermometry process comprises the following steps:
(1) the laser signal generator receives the trigger signal, and the laser signal generator generates light pulses which enter the temperature measuring optical fiber through the optical coupler;
(2) recording laser pulse signal frequency v0And emitting an incident light instant t0Transmitting the data to a data processing module to wait for operation;
(3) the optical line molecules in the temperature measuring optical fiber interact with the laser pulse to generate Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, the intensity of the anti-Stokes light signal is related to the temperature, the intensity of the Stokes light signal is unrelated to the temperature, and the temperature of any point in the optical waveguide can be obtained from the intensity ratio of the anti-Stokes light signal to the Stokes light signal;
(4) raman backward scattered light with temperature information is coupled and then input into a photoelectric processing module for filtering, photoelectric conversion and amplification to obtain Stokes light intensity ISanti-Stokes light intensity IASAnd the photoelectric processing module collects the scattered light moment tLAnd transmitting the data to a data processing module for calculation;
(5) according to the relation between the anti-Stokes light intensity ratio and the temperature as follows
In the formula IAS、ISAnti-stokes light intensity and stokes light intensity respectively; lambda [ alpha ]AS、λSIs the anti-Stokes light intensity and the Stokes light wavelength, and h is the Planck constant of 6.63 × 10-34J.s, c is the speed of light in vacuum 3 × 108m/s; delta v is the vibration frequency of optical fiber molecules, and the general communication optical fiber is 440cm-1K is the Boltzmann constant 1.38 × 10-23J/K; t is the absolute temperature.
(6) The spatial distance between the test point of the cable section to be tested and the laser input end is as follows:
wherein v is the propagation speed of the broadcast in the optical fiber; t is tLCollecting scattered light time for a photoelectric processing module; t is t0The moment of emitting incident light.
In some embodiments, the cable segment alarm module is activated when the overload phenomenon or the partial discharge phenomenon of the cable segment to be tested is determined by the threshold value.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention accurately positions the overheating section by distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, embodies the initial fault type by combining different fault types on temperature, and makes up the defects of a temperature measurement method on partial discharge detection by combining the partial discharge detection technology. Combining the monitored information of the overheating interval and the partial discharge point to provide an accurate cable running state and a fault monitoring and analyzing result for power grid operators;
(2) according to the invention, each data acquisition device and the system server carry out data transmission through power line carrier communication, compared with other communication modes such as mobile communication, optical fiber communication and the like, and power line communication, the metal shielding layer of the high-voltage cable can be used for communication, a communication line is not required to be additionally erected, the communication investment can be saved, the mechanical strength of the power line is high, and the maintenance is convenient;
(3) the invention is suitable for online monitoring of high-voltage cables of 110kV and above in severe environment, can detect the temperature distribution on the whole high-voltage cable in real time, accurately position a heating point area, monitor partial discharge faults of the high-voltage cable and determine the position of a discharge point.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a high voltage cable monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation of a data acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cable partial discharge point monitoring operation according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power line carrier communication module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a high-voltage cable monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a system server;
200. a data acquisition device; 210. a temperature measuring optical fiber sensor; 211. a coupler; 212. a laser signal generator; 213. a temperature measuring optical fiber;
220. a pulsed current sensor; 230. a storage control module; 240. a photoelectric processing module; 250. a data processing module;
301. a conductor; 302. an insulating layer; 303. a protective sleeve; 310. a cable joint ground wire; 320. a cable joint;
400. a power line carrier communication module; 410. a power line carrier modem; 411. a physical layer module; 412. a data link layer module; 420. a data interface; 430. an analog front end module; 440. a clamping type inductive coupler.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, example embodiments according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments of the present application, and that the present application is not limited by the example embodiments described herein.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a high voltage cable monitoring system, which is composed of a data acquisition device 200 and a system server 100 at a plurality of nodes.
The data acquisition device 200 comprises a temperature measurement module and a pulse current acquisition module, wherein the temperature measurement module is used for acquiring temperature distribution information of a certain cable section to be detected and determining the length information of an overheating interval of the cable section to be detected according to the temperature distribution information. The pulse current acquisition module is used for acquiring discharge monitoring results of the overheating intervals, wherein the discharge monitoring results comprise: discharge amplitude, frequency and discharge time. The system server 100 judges whether the overload phenomenon or the partial discharge phenomenon occurs to the cable segment to be tested by the received length information of the overheating interval and the monitoring result of the partial discharge of the overheating interval. The invention accurately positions the overheating section by distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, embodies the initial fault type by combining different fault types on temperature, and makes up the defects of a temperature measurement method on partial discharge detection by combining the partial discharge detection technology. And combining the monitored information of the overheating interval and the partial discharge point to provide an accurate cable running state and fault monitoring analysis result for power grid operators.
In some embodiments, the data acquisition device 100 further includes a data processing module 240, a data processing module 250, and a storage control module 230, the storage control module 230 is connected to the data processing module 240 and the photoelectric processing module 250, respectively, one side of the photoelectric processing module 250 is connected to the temperature measurement module and the pulse current acquisition module, and the other side of the photoelectric processing module is connected to the data processing module 240.
As shown in fig. 3, in one possible embodiment, the temperature measuring module is a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor 210, and the distributed optical fiber temperature sensor 210 includes a laser signal generator 212, a coupler 211, and a temperature measuring optical fiber 213. Wherein the temperature measuring optical fiber 213 is a distributed temperature measuring optical fiber; the laser signal generator 212 receives a trigger signal of the storage control module and then transmits a laser pulse to the temperature measuring optical fiber, and the storage control module 230 records the frequency and the time of incident light; the photoelectric processing module 240 performs filtering, photoelectric conversion and amplification on reflected waves generated by the temperature measurement optical fiber due to the raman scattering effect to obtain stokes and anti-stokes light intensity, and transmits the stokes and anti-stokes light intensity to the data processing module 250 to calculate a temperature value of a measured point.
As shown in fig. 2, the data acquisition device 100 is installed at the cable joint 320, and the length of the temperature measurement optical fiber 213 is equal to the distance between two cable joints, i.e. two data acquisition devices 100, and the temperature measurement optical fiber is attached to the outer surface of the cable to be measured, so that the temperature distribution of each point of the cable can be monitored. The cable to be tested comprises a conductor 301, an insulating layer 302 and a protective sleeve 303, wherein the insulating layer 302 is wrapped on the periphery of the conductor 301, and the protective sleeve 303 is wrapped on the periphery of the insulating layer 302. The pulse current sensor 220 is mounted on the cable connector ground 310 for coupling the partial discharge pulse current signals at the cable and cable connector.
Further, the temperature measuring process comprises the following steps:
(1) the laser signal generator receives a trigger signal of the storage control module, and generates a high-power optical pulse which enters the temperature measuring optical fiber through the optical coupler;
(2) the storage control module records the frequency upsilon of the laser pulse signal0And emitting an incident light instant t0Transmitting the data to a data processing module to wait for operation;
(3) the optical fiber molecules in the temperature measuring optical fiber interact with the laser pulse, and Raman scattering is generated due to the thermal vibration of the optical fiber molecules, so that light with the wavelength longer than that of the light source is generated to become Stokes (Stokes) light, and light with the wavelength shorter than that of the light source is generated to become Anti-Stokes (Anti-Stokes) light. The intensity of the anti-Stokes light signal is related to the temperature, the intensity of the Stokes light signal is unrelated to the temperature, and the temperature of any point in the optical waveguide can be obtained from the intensity ratio of the anti-Stokes light signal to the Stokes light signal;
(4) raman backward scattered light with temperature information is coupled and then input into a photoelectric processing module for filtering, photoelectric conversion and amplification to obtain Stokes light intensity ISanti-Stokes light intensity IASAnd the photoelectric processing module collects the scattered light moment tLAnd transmitting the data to a data processing module for calculation;
(5) the ratio of anti-stokes light to stokes light intensity is known to be related to temperature as follows:
in the formula IAS、ISAnti-stokes light intensity and stokes light intensity respectively; lambda [ alpha ]AS、λSIs the anti-Stokes light intensity and the Stokes light wavelength, and h is the Planck constant of 6.63 × 10-34J.s, c is the speed of light in vacuum 3 × 108m/s; Δ ν is an optical fiber molecule
Vibration frequency, typically 440cm for optical communication fibres-1K is the Boltzmann constant 1.38 × 10-23J/K; t is the absolute temperature.
(6) The spatial distance between the test point and the laser input end is as follows:
wherein v is the propagation speed of the broadcast in the optical fiber; t is tLCollecting scattered light time for a photoelectric processing module; t is t0Combining the temperature measurement value in the step (5) and the distance in the step (6) to obtain the temperature distribution information of each position of the temperature measuring optical fiber at the moment of emitting incident light;
(7) the data processing module 250 transmits the cable temperature data of the current test point to the storage control module 230 according to the calculation result, and the storage control module compares the data with a preset alarm threshold, sends out a corresponding level alarm according to the severity degree, and uploads the abnormal data to the system server. After the uploaded data is finished, a trigger signal is sent to the laser signal generator to carry out the next measurement.
In some embodiments, the cable segment alarm module is activated when the overload phenomenon or the partial discharge phenomenon occurs in the cable segment to be tested. Specifically, the alarm threshold is set as follows: when the working temperature is below 60 ℃, the working temperature is considered to be normal; when the working temperature is 60-120 degrees, considering that the circuit is overloaded, and judging whether an overload phenomenon or a partial discharge phenomenon occurs or not by combining the length of an overheating interval and a partial discharge monitoring result of the interval; when the working temperature of a certain interval is higher than 200 degrees, the short circuit condition possibly occurring in the section is considered, and at the moment, the cable is immediately closed and shut down, and the emergency repair is immediately checked, so that the operation accident is avoided.
As shown in fig. 4, the pulse current collecting module is a pulse current sensor, and the pulse current sensor includes a magnetic core and a coil. The pulse current sensor 220 arranged on the cable joint grounding wire 310 is used for coupling the local discharge pulse current signals at the cable and the cable joint, and the coupled pulse signals are transmitted to the photoelectric processing module 240 through the coaxial cable; the photoelectric processing module carries out filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion on the coupled pulse signal to obtain amplitude information of the discharge pulse, and transmits the amplitude information to the storage control module; and the storage control module records the time, the amplitude and the frequency of the discharge signal of the discharge pulse and transmits the time, the amplitude and the frequency to a system server. And the system server monitors information such as fault positions, discharge amplitude values, discharge frequency and the like of partial discharge points of the whole section of cable in real time according to data fed back by each data acquisition device.
Specifically, when the cable has a partial discharge phenomenon, a double-end traveling wave distance measurement method is adopted to search a fault position, the discharge pulse current at the fault point is transmitted to two ends of the cable in a wave manner, and the discharge point position is determined by utilizing the time difference of the pulse current detected by the pulse current sensors at the two ends. The detection process comprises the following steps:
(1) when the coil of the pulse current sensor 220 senses the discharge current on the grounding wire of the cable joint, a trigger signal is sent to the storage control module, and the storage control module records the time when the monitoring point detects the pulse current;
(2) transmitting the coupled signal to a photoelectric processing module 240 for filtering, amplifying and analog-to-digital conversion to obtain amplitude information of the discharge pulse, and transmitting the amplitude information to a storage control module for recording;
(3) the storage control module records the time, amplitude and frequency of the detected discharge signal and feeds the time, amplitude and frequency back to the system server;
(4) the system server judges the cable discharge position according to cable discharge information fed back by each node, the distance between two data acquisition devices is set to be L, the wave velocity of the discharge current traveling wave at the fault point is set to be v, the time difference of the discharge current traveling wave at the fault point reaching two adjacent data acquisition devices is smaller than L/v, and the system server can judge the fault cable section by comparing the discharge time detected by each subdata acquisition device;
(5) after a fault cable section is determined, calculating the position of a fault point in the section, wherein the formula is as follows:
XA＝[(TA-TB)×V+L]÷2
wherein, XARepresenting the distance, T, of the fault point from the monitoring node AAAnd TBRespectively representing the time of the current traveling wave generated by the fault reaching the monitoring node A and the monitoring node B, L representing the length of the cable, and V representing the wave speed.
Therefore, the information such as the fault position, the discharge amplitude, the discharge frequency and the like of the partial discharge point of the whole section of cable can be monitored in real time.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the data acquisition device is communicatively connected to the system server through the power line carrier module 400, and the monitoring data of the data acquisition device 200 is transmitted to the system server 100 through the power line carrier module 400 coupled to the metal shielding layer of the high voltage cable.
Specifically, the power line carrier communication module includes a data interface 420, a power line carrier modem 410, an analog front end module 430, and an inductive coupling module; wherein the data interface 420 transmits the received monitoring data to the power line carrier modem; the power line modem 410 is configured to perform a/D, D/a conversion, modulation and demodulation, and information encoding on the monitoring data to obtain a carrier signal; the analog front-end module 430 performs filtering and power amplification on the carrier signal to obtain a high-frequency carrier signal; the inductive coupling module employs a snap-in inductive coupler 440 to couple the high frequency carrier signal to the cable shield.
Specifically, the power line carrier modem 410 includes a physical layer module 411, a data link layer module 412, and a digital-to-analog conversion module, where the physical layer module 411 is used to perform modulation-demodulation, check and error correction on monitoring data; the data link layer module 412 is used for detecting the state of the power line communication network, completing a response retransmission mechanism and a CSMA/CA mechanism, and ensuring accurate transmission of monitoring data; the digital-to-analog conversion module is used for converting the analog signal and the digital signal to obtain a carrier signal.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment provides a high voltage cable monitoring method, which is applied to the high voltage cable monitoring system, and includes:
s102: the method comprises the steps of obtaining temperature distribution information of a certain cable section to be tested, which is acquired by a temperature measurement module, and determining the length information of an overheating interval of the cable section to be tested according to the temperature distribution information.
Specifically, the temperature measurement module comprises a laser signal generator, a coupler and a temperature measurement optical fiber, and the temperature measurement process comprises the following steps:
(1) the laser signal generator receives the trigger signal, and the laser signal generator generates light pulses which enter the temperature measuring optical fiber through the optical coupler;
(2) recording laser pulse signal frequency v0And emitting an incident light instant t0Transmitting the data to a data processing module to wait for operation;
(3) the optical line molecules in the temperature measuring optical fiber interact with the laser pulse to generate Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, the intensity of the anti-Stokes light signal is related to the temperature, the intensity of the Stokes light signal is unrelated to the temperature, and the temperature of any point in the optical waveguide can be obtained from the intensity ratio of the anti-Stokes light signal to the Stokes light signal;
(4) raman backward scattered light with temperature information is coupled and then input into a photoelectric processing module for filtering, photoelectric conversion and amplification to obtain Stokes light intensity ISanti-Stokes light intensity IASAnd the photoelectric processing module collects the scattered light moment tLAnd transmitting the data to a data processing module for calculation;
(5) according to the relation between the anti-Stokes light intensity ratio and the temperature as follows
In the formula IAS、ISAnti-stokes light intensity and stokes light intensity respectively; lambda [ alpha ]AS、λSIs the anti-Stokes light intensity and the Stokes light wavelength, and h is the Planck constant of 6.63 × 10-34J.s, c is the speed of light in vacuum 3 × 108m/s; delta v is the vibration frequency of optical fiber molecules, and the general communication optical fiber is 440cm-1K is the Boltzmann constant 1.38 × 10-23J/K; t is the absolute temperature.
(6) The spatial distance between the test point of the cable section to be tested and the laser input end is as follows:
wherein v is the propagation speed of the broadcast in the optical fiber; t is tLCollecting scattered light time for a photoelectric processing module; t is t0The moment of emitting incident light.
S104: acquiring a discharge monitoring result of the overheating interval acquired by a pulse current acquisition module, wherein the discharge monitoring result comprises; discharge amplitude, frequency and discharge time.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the pulse current collecting module is a pulse current sensor, and the pulse current sensor includes a magnetic core and a coil. The pulse current sensor 220 arranged on the cable joint grounding wire 310 is used for coupling the local discharge pulse current signals at the cable and the cable joint, and the coupled pulse signals are transmitted to the photoelectric processing module 240 through the coaxial cable; the photoelectric processing module carries out filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion on the coupled pulse signal to obtain amplitude information of the discharge pulse, and transmits the amplitude information to the storage control module; and the storage control module records the time, the amplitude and the frequency of the discharge signal of the discharge pulse and transmits the time, the amplitude and the frequency to a system server. And the system server monitors information such as fault positions, discharge amplitude values, discharge frequency and the like of partial discharge points of the whole section of cable in real time according to data fed back by each data acquisition device.
Further, when the cable has a partial discharge phenomenon, a double-end traveling wave distance measurement method is adopted to search a fault position, the discharge pulse current at the fault point is transmitted to two ends of the cable in a wave mode, and the discharge point position is determined by utilizing the time difference of the pulse current detected by the pulse current sensors at the two ends. The detection process comprises the following steps:
(1) when the coil of the pulse current sensor 220 senses the discharge current on the grounding wire of the cable joint, a trigger signal is sent to the storage control module, and the storage control module records the time when the monitoring point detects the pulse current;
(2) transmitting the coupled signal to a photoelectric processing module 240 for filtering, amplifying and analog-to-digital conversion to obtain amplitude information of the discharge pulse, and transmitting the amplitude information to a storage control module for recording;
(3) the storage control module records the time, amplitude and frequency of the detected discharge signal and feeds the time, amplitude and frequency back to the system server;
(4) the system server judges the cable discharge position according to cable discharge information fed back by each node, the distance between two data acquisition devices is set to be L, the wave velocity of the discharge current traveling wave at the fault point is set to be v, the time difference of the discharge current traveling wave at the fault point reaching two adjacent data acquisition devices is smaller than L/v, and the system server can judge the fault cable section by comparing the discharge time detected by each subsystem;
(5) after the fault cable section is determined, the position of a fault point in the section can be calculated, and the formula is
XA＝[(TA-TB)×V+L]÷2
Wherein, XARepresenting the distance, T, of the fault point from the monitoring node AAAnd TBRespectively representing the time of the current traveling wave generated by the fault reaching the monitoring node A and the monitoring node B, L representing the length of the cable, and V representing the wave speed.
Therefore, the information such as the fault position, the discharge amplitude, the discharge frequency and the like of the partial discharge point of the whole section of cable can be monitored in real time.
S106: and judging whether the overload phenomenon or the partial discharge phenomenon occurs or not according to the length information of the overheating interval and the monitoring result of the partial discharge of the overheating interval. In the embodiment, the overheating area is accurately positioned through distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, the initial fault type is embodied by combining different fault types in temperature, and the defect of a temperature measurement method in partial discharge detection is made up by combining a partial discharge detection technology. And combining the monitored information of the overheating interval and the partial discharge point to provide an accurate cable running state and fault monitoring analysis result for power grid operators.
In some embodiments, the cable segment alarm module is activated when the overload phenomenon or the partial discharge phenomenon of the cable segment to be tested is determined by the threshold value. Specifically, the alarm threshold is set as follows, and when the working temperature is below 60 degrees, the working temperature is considered to be normal; when the working temperature is 60-120 degrees, considering that the circuit is overloaded, and judging whether an overload phenomenon or a partial discharge phenomenon occurs or not by combining the length of an overheating interval and a partial discharge monitoring result of the interval; when the working temperature of a certain interval is higher than 200 degrees, the short circuit condition possibly occurring in the section is considered, and at the moment, the cable is immediately closed and shut down, and the emergency repair is immediately checked, so that the operation accident is avoided.
The foregoing describes the general principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the foregoing disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise details disclosed.
The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, systems referred to in this application are only given as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the connections, arrangements, configurations, etc. must be made in the manner shown in the block diagrams. These devices, apparatuses, devices, systems may be connected, arranged, configured in any manner, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Words such as "including," "comprising," "having," and the like are open-ended words that mean "including, but not limited to," and are used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "as used herein mean, and are used interchangeably with, the word" and/or, "unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The word "such as" is used herein to mean, and is used interchangeably with, the phrase "such as but not limited to".
It should also be noted that in the devices, apparatuses, and methods of the present application, the components or steps may be decomposed and/or recombined. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be considered as equivalents of the present application.
The previous description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A high voltage cable monitoring system, comprising:
the data acquisition device comprises a temperature measurement module and a pulse current acquisition module, wherein the temperature measurement module is used for acquiring temperature distribution information of a certain cable section to be detected and determining the length information of an overheating interval of the cable section to be detected according to the temperature distribution information;
the pulse current acquisition module is used for acquiring a discharge monitoring result of the overheating interval, wherein the discharge monitoring result comprises: discharge amplitude, frequency and discharge time; and
and the system server judges whether the cable section to be detected has an overload phenomenon or a partial discharge phenomenon according to the received length information of the overheating section and the monitoring result of the partial discharge of the overheating section.
2. The high-voltage cable monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition device is in communication connection with the system server through a power line carrier module, and monitoring data of the data acquisition device is coupled to the metal shielding layer of the high-voltage cable through the power line carrier module and transmitted to the system server.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the plc communication module includes a data interface, a plc modem, an analog front end module, and an inductive coupling module;
the data interface transmits the received monitoring data to the power line carrier modem;
the power line modem is used for carrying out A/D, D/A conversion, modulation and demodulation and information coding on monitoring data to obtain a carrier signal;
the analog front-end module filters and amplifies power of the carrier signal to obtain a high-frequency carrier signal;
the inductive coupling module adopts a clamping type inductive coupler to couple the high-frequency carrier signal to the cable shielding layer.
4. The high-voltage cable monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the power line carrier modem comprises a physical layer module, a data link layer module and a digital-to-analog conversion module, wherein the physical layer module is used for performing modulation-demodulation, check and error correction on the monitoring data; the data link layer module is used for detecting the state of the power line communication network, completing a response retransmission mechanism and a CSMA/CA mechanism and ensuring the accurate transmission of monitoring data; the digital-to-analog conversion module is used for converting the analog signal and the digital signal to obtain a carrier signal.
5. The high-voltage cable monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition device further comprises a photoelectric processing module, a data processing module and a storage control module, the storage control module is respectively connected with the data processing module and the photoelectric processing module, one side of the photoelectric processing module is connected with the temperature measurement module and the pulse current acquisition module, and the other side of the photoelectric processing module is connected with the data processing module.
6. The high-voltage cable monitoring system according to claim 5, wherein the temperature measurement module is a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor comprising a laser signal generator, a coupler and a temperature measurement optical fiber; the laser signal generator receives the trigger signal of the storage control module and then transmits laser pulse to the temperature measuring optical fiber, and the storage control module records the incident light frequency and the incident time; the photoelectric processing module carries out filtering, photoelectric conversion and amplification on reflected waves of the temperature measuring optical fiber generated due to the Raman scattering effect to obtain the Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensity, the Stokes and anti-Stokes light intensity is transmitted to the data processing module, and the temperature value of the measured point is calculated.
7. The high-voltage cable monitoring system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pulse current collection module is a pulse current sensor, the pulse current sensor is mounted on a ground wire of the cable joint to couple the local discharge pulse current signals at the cable and the cable joint, and the coupled pulse signals are transmitted to the photoelectric processing module through the coaxial cable;
the photoelectric processing module carries out filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion on the coupled pulse signal to obtain amplitude information of the discharge pulse, and transmits the amplitude information to the storage control module;
and the storage control module records the time, the amplitude and the frequency of the discharge signal of the discharge pulse and transmits the time, the amplitude and the frequency to a system server.
8. A high voltage cable monitoring method applied to the high voltage cable monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
acquiring temperature distribution information of a certain cable section to be tested, which is acquired by a temperature measurement module, and determining the length information of an overheating interval of the cable section to be tested according to the temperature distribution information;
acquiring a discharge monitoring result of an overheating interval acquired by a pulse current acquisition module, wherein the discharge monitoring result comprises; discharge amplitude, frequency and discharge time;
and judging whether the overload phenomenon or the partial discharge phenomenon occurs or not according to the length information of the overheating interval and the monitoring result of the partial discharge of the overheating interval.
9. The method for monitoring the high-voltage cable according to claim 8, wherein the temperature measurement module comprises a laser signal generator, a coupler and a temperature measurement optical fiber, and the temperature measurement process comprises the following steps:
(1) the laser signal generator receives the trigger signal, and the laser signal generator generates light pulses which enter the temperature measuring optical fiber through the optical coupler;
(2) recording laser pulse signal frequency v0And emitting an incident light instant t0Transmitting the data to a data processing module to wait for operation;
(3) the optical line molecules in the temperature measuring optical fiber interact with the laser pulse to generate Stokes light and anti-Stokes light, the intensity of the anti-Stokes light signal is related to the temperature, the intensity of the Stokes light signal is unrelated to the temperature, and the temperature of any point in the optical waveguide can be obtained from the intensity ratio of the anti-Stokes light signal to the Stokes light signal;
(4) raman backward scattered light with temperature information is coupled and then input into a photoelectric processing module for filtering, photoelectric conversion and amplification to obtain Stokes light intensity ISanti-Stokes light intensity IASAnd the photoelectric processing module collects the scattered light moment tLAnd transmitting the data to a data processing module for calculation;
(5) according to the relation between the anti-Stokes light intensity ratio and the temperature, the following formula is adopted:
in the formula IAS、ISAnti-stokes light intensity and stokes light intensity respectively; lambda [ alpha ]AS、λSIs the anti-Stokes light intensity and the Stokes light wavelength, and h is the Planck constant of 6.63 × 10-34J.s, c is the speed of light in vacuum 3 × 108m/s; delta v is the vibration frequency of optical fiber molecules, and the general communication optical fiber is 440cm-1K is the Boltzmann constant 1.38 × 10-23J/K; t is the absolute temperature;
(6) the spatial distance between the test point of the cable section to be tested and the laser input end is as follows:
wherein v is the propagation speed of the broadcast in the optical fiber; t is tLCollecting scattered light time for a photoelectric processing module; t is t0The moment of emitting incident light.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the alarm module is activated when the threshold value determines that the cable segment to be tested is overloaded or partially discharged.
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