CN202420580U - Hot-wire flow sensor based on fiber gratings - Google Patents
Hot-wire flow sensor based on fiber gratings Download PDFInfo
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- CN202420580U CN202420580U CN201220024734XU CN201220024734U CN202420580U CN 202420580 U CN202420580 U CN 202420580U CN 201220024734X U CN201220024734X U CN 201220024734XU CN 201220024734 U CN201220024734 U CN 201220024734U CN 202420580 U CN202420580 U CN 202420580U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hot-wire flow sensor based on fiber gratings, which includes a temperature compensating section fiber and a flow measuring section fiber, wherein a temperature compensating section fiber core is written into a first fiber grating, and a flow measuring section fiber core is written into a second fiber grating; a layer of a metal membrane formed metal ions is coated on the surface of the fiber covering where the second fiber grating is located; and the coupling ratio of a dislocation welding area is achieved by adjusting the transverse dislocation distance between the end surfaces of the temperature compensating section fiber and the flow measuring section fiber. By combining the fiber grating technology and the hot-wire flow sensing technology, the hot-wire flow sensor realizes the real-time measurement of double parameters of temperature and flow, has the advantages of simplicity for manufacturing, small size, high sensitivity and lower cost, and is applicable to the measurement of micro gas flow.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of fiber optic sensing device, is specifically related to a kind of hot-wire flow sensing device based on fiber grating.
Background technology
The measurement of flow velocity, flow in industrial processes such as oil, chemical industry, medicine, energy measurement, environmental monitoring in occupation of critical role.Therefore, flow velocity, flow sensor are indispensable senser elements in fluid detection and the control procedure.The traditional mechanical flow velocity, the flow sensor measuring error is big, precision is low.For example, adopt the current meter of hyperacoustic Flow speed measurer, electromagnetic current meter or acoustical Doppler effect etc., though measuring accuracy is higher, its cost height and easy electromagnetic wave interference.Along with development of fiber technology, a lot of optical fiber flow velocity, flow sensors based on optical principle have appearred.
In recent years, optic flow sensor enjoys people's extensive concern because of its unique advantage.Optic flow sensor is the principle realization of adopting light transmit the time in optical fiber characteristic (like intensity, phase place, frequency, wavelength etc.) can receive the modulation of flow and the corresponding modulation amount being demodulated into rate of flow of fluid.Compare with prior flow sensor, optic flow sensor has following advantage: (1) accuracy, highly sensitive; (2) high pressure resistant, high temperature resistant, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), safe and reliable under inflammable, explosive environments; (3) bandwidth, dynamic range are wide; (4) be convenient to telemeasurement and control; (5) little, the light weight of volume.Since have anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), anti-neighbourhood noise, characteristics such as electric insulating quality and self-security, so optic flow sensor will have huge marketable value.
Traditional flow sensor based on optical fiber mainly contains optical fiber turbine flow transducer, optical fiber vortex flow sensors, optical fiber doppler flowmeter, optical fiber low discharge sensor etc.
The optical fiber turbine flow transducer is on the basis of conventional turbine flow measurement principle, adopts multimode optical fiber to replace the internal magnetization sensor and the reflection-type optical fiber turbine flow transducer that constitutes.Advantages such as it has linearity, good reproducibility, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, the measurement dynamic range is big.But its application is confined to that the scene is not charged, the test of low-viscosity oil gas flow.
The optical fiber vortex flow sensors is a kind of vortex flow sensors that produces eddy current with optical fiber as non-linear type fluid.Utilize the release frequency of vortex to be directly proportional, obtain fluid flow thereby just can measure frequency with flow velocity.Because optical fiber is in the fluid for a long time, so optical fiber possibly produce phenomenons such as fracture, wearing and tearing.
The flowing velocity that the Doppler effect that the optical fiber doppler flowmeter is based on light is confirmed fluid can realize
The contactless high-precision of object of which movement speed is measured.The optical fiber doppler flowmeter can be advantageously applied to places such as solving big caliber, thick tube wall, cement lining.But molecule or bubble exist at random in the fluid, thereby have influenced its measuring accuracy.
The low discharge optic flow sensor is based on Fresnel drageffect measurement flow, has realized the measurement of specific area fluid low discharge.Yet, a little less than fluid flow less makes transducing signal, be unfavorable for the detection of signal, reduced the accuracy of measuring.Now, this type of sensor only satisfies the needs of oil, well flow measurement, is difficult to be widely used in the measurement of fluid.
At present, Fiber Bragg Grating technology development also emerges in an endless stream based on the sensor of physical quantitys such as the temperature of fiber grating, pressure, vibration, humidity very rapidly.Aspect measurement of fluid flow, the target type fiber grating flowmeter combines single or a plurality of fiber gratings, semi-girder and target formula disk, has improved many reference amounts property, security and the accuracy of systematic survey, uses very extensively.The basic functional principle of this type sensor is for when the mobile masterpiece that produces of fluid is used on the target formula disk and transfers on the cantilever through transmission rod; The torsional deformation of suspended wall will cause fiber grating deformation; The wave length shift that causes fiber grating, thus through measure the wavelength change amount can obtain the flow value that will measure.But this sensor construction is comparatively complicated, and measurement result and semi-girder parameter are closely related, and are difficult to the formulation of the standard that realizes.
In research in sum, existing optic flow sensor respectively has characteristics on performance and method for making, but all has shortcoming separately, embodies a concentrated reflection of the sensing arrangement relative complex, volume is big, serviceable life is short partially, measuring accuracy is low and the price height.Wide application based on optical fibre flowmeter reaches the active demand to the novel optical fiber flow sensor.
Summary of the invention
Problem such as short to existing fiber flow sensor complex process, serviceable life, that volume is big, cost an arm and a leg, the purpose of the utility model has been to provide a kind of hot-wire flow sensing device based on fiber grating.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
Comprise temperature compensation section optical fiber and flow measurement section optical fiber; Temperature compensation section fiber core writes first fiber grating; Flow measurement section fiber core writes second fiber grating; The cladding surface of second fiber grating place optical fiber is coated with the layer of metal ion and forms metal film, and the coupling efficiency of dislocation welding area is realized through the transversion malposition distance of adjustment temperature compensation section optical fiber and flow measurement section fiber end face.
The beneficial effect that the utlity model has is:
The utility model combines Fiber Bragg Grating technology with hot-wire flow sensing technology, realized the real-time measurement of the two parameters of temperature and flow, has and makes advantages such as simple, that volume is little, highly sensitive, cost is lower, can be used for the measurement of small gas flow.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is based on the structural representation of the hot-wire flow sensing device of fiber grating.
Fig. 2 is a kind of pick-up unit figure of the hot-wire flow sensing device based on fiber grating.
Fig. 3 is the pick-up unit figure of another kind based on the hot-wire flow sensing device of fiber grating.
Among the figure: 1, temperature compensation section optical fiber, 2, flow measurement section optical fiber, 3, first fiber grating; 4, dislocation welding area, 5, metallic ion forms metal film, 6, second fiber grating; 7, laser instrument, 8, hot-wire flow sensing device, 9, wavelength division multiplexer; 10, optical fiber circulator, 11, wideband light source, 12, spectroanalysis instrument.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 and flow measurement section optical fiber 2; Temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 fibre core writes first fiber grating 3; Flow measurement section optical fiber 2 fibre cores write second fiber grating 6; The cladding surface of second fiber grating, 6 place optical fiber is coated with the layer of metal ion and forms metal film 5; The coupling efficiency of dislocation welding area 4 realizes that through the transversion malposition distance of adjustment temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 and flow measurement section optical fiber 2 end faces the transversion malposition distance can be 7～8 microns.
Basic functional principle based on the novel hot-wire flow sensing device of fiber grating:
As shown in Figure 1, on the one hand, laser is injected by the free end of temperature compensation section optical fiber, and most energy of laser will be coupled in the flow measurement section fibre cladding and go through the dislocation welding area time, thereby cause metal film absorption portion laser energy.The metal film that has absorbed laser energy will discharge heat, force corresponding grating region to form specific temperature field.On the other hand, the light of width light source injects via the free end of flow measurement section optical fiber, when running into fiber grating, can form reflectance spectrum, can detect the corresponding temperature field of fiber grating through Wavelength demodulation.Therefore, when senser element as for fluid in the time, utilize the Wavelength demodulation technology can measure corresponding temperature in real time, thereby further calculate the flow of fluid.Obviously, rate of flow of fluid is big more, and the heat of taking away is just big more, and the temperature of grating region is just more little, and temperature becomes negative linear relationship with fluid flow.Simultaneously, the fiber grating in the temperature compensation section optical fiber does not receive the influence of metal film release heat, so the accurate measurement of current environmental temperature is provided.
As shown in Figure 1, wherein: temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 length is 8cm, writes fiber grating 3 and is 1cm, and fiber grating 3 is from dislocation end 25mm, and centre wavelength is 1520nm, and reflectivity is 13dB; Flow measurement section optical fiber 2 length are 4cm, write fiber grating 6 and are 4mm, write fiber grating 6 from dislocation end 1mm, and centre wavelength is 1550nm, and reflectivity is 25dB; It is silver-plated that metallic ion formation metal film 5 is to use vacuum evaporating coating machine to carry out, and silver-plated length is 4mm, and silver-plated thickness is 25nm, and the outside surface of silver plates SiO
2, thickness is about 100nm; Dislocation welding area 4 is about 5dB; Laser instrument 7 is the continuous Raman fiber laser, and centre wavelength is 1455nm, and power 0-1.2W is adjustable; Wavelength division multiplexer 9 is a 1455/1550nm high power wavelength division multiplexer; Width light source 11 is the ASE light source of bandwidth 1520-1620nm; Spectroanalysis instrument is AQ8683.
Pick-up unit based on the novel hot-wire flow sensing device of fiber grating has many structures, enumerates two kinds of detection architecture below, but is not limited only to this.
As shown in Figure 2; Adopt first kind of structure; Laser instrument 7 connects the 1550nm port of wavelength division multiplexer 9 after via flow sensing device 8, and the Com port of wavelength division multiplexer 9 connects 2 ports of optical fiber circulator 10, and 1,3 ports of optical fiber circulator 10 connect width light source 11 and spectroanalysis instrument 12 respectively.
As shown in Figure 3; Adopt second kind of structure; Flow sensing device 8 connects the 1550nm end of wavelength division multiplexer 9, and the 1455nm port of wavelength division multiplexer 9 and Com port connect laser instrument 7, optical fiber circulator 10 respectively, and 1,3 ports of optical fiber circulator 10 connect width light source 11 and spectroanalysis instrument 12 respectively.
Claims (1)
1. the hot-wire flow sensing device based on fiber grating is characterized in that: comprise temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) and flow measurement section optical fiber (2); Temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) fibre core writes first fiber grating (3); Flow measurement section optical fiber (2) fibre core writes second fiber grating (6); The cladding surface of second fiber grating (6) place optical fiber is coated with the layer of metal ion and forms metal film (5), and the coupling efficiency of dislocation welding area (4) is realized through the transversion malposition distance of adjustment temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) and flow measurement section optical fiber (2) end face.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201220024734XU CN202420580U (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-01-19 | Hot-wire flow sensor based on fiber gratings |
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| CN201220024734XU CN202420580U (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-01-19 | Hot-wire flow sensor based on fiber gratings |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102538892A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Single-section distributed FBG (fiber Bragg grating)-thermal flow sensor |
| CN102564505A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Hot-wire type flow sensor based on fiber grating |
| CN102564504A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Multi-section distributed fiber grating hot-type flow sensor |
| CN103308984A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-09-18 | 南开大学 | Micro-dislocation and long-period fiber gratings and production method |
| CN103438946A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Thermal type gas flowmeter based on coated film fiber bragg gratings |
| CN105092086A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-11-25 | 河南师范大学 | Dual-coupling structure-based single-mode core-dislocated fiber temperature measurement method |
| CN105157769A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-12-16 | 黑龙江大学 | Thermal flow sensor gas flow metering method based on fiber grating |
| CN107870039A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-03 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | A kind of Fourier transform spectrometer |
| CN113280843A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 山东大学 | Graphene sensitive tilt-increasing grating optical fiber SPR sensor and analysis method and application |
-
2012
- 2012-01-19 CN CN201220024734XU patent/CN202420580U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102538892A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-04 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Single-section distributed FBG (fiber Bragg grating)-thermal flow sensor |
| CN102564505A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Hot-wire type flow sensor based on fiber grating |
| CN102564504A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Multi-section distributed fiber grating hot-type flow sensor |
| CN102564505B (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2014-07-30 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Hot-wire type flow sensor based on fiber grating |
| CN103308984A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-09-18 | 南开大学 | Micro-dislocation and long-period fiber gratings and production method |
| CN103308984B (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2016-06-01 | 南开大学 | Micro-dislocation long period fiber grating and making method |
| CN103438946A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Thermal type gas flowmeter based on coated film fiber bragg gratings |
| CN105157769A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-12-16 | 黑龙江大学 | Thermal flow sensor gas flow metering method based on fiber grating |
| CN105157769B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-02-13 | 黑龙江大学 | The gas flow metering method of thermal flow rate sensor based on fiber grating |
| CN105092086A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2015-11-25 | 河南师范大学 | Dual-coupling structure-based single-mode core-dislocated fiber temperature measurement method |
| CN107870039A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-03 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | A kind of Fourier transform spectrometer |
| CN113280843A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 山东大学 | Graphene sensitive tilt-increasing grating optical fiber SPR sensor and analysis method and application |
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Granted publication date: 20120905 Termination date: 20130119 |