CN105157769B - The gas flow metering method of thermal flow rate sensor based on fiber grating - Google Patents
The gas flow metering method of thermal flow rate sensor based on fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN105157769B CN105157769B CN201510218112.9A CN201510218112A CN105157769B CN 105157769 B CN105157769 B CN 105157769B CN 201510218112 A CN201510218112 A CN 201510218112A CN 105157769 B CN105157769 B CN 105157769B
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Abstract
The gas flow metering method of thermal flow rate sensor based on fiber grating, belongs to gas flow field of measuring technique.The present invention is that the device used to solve existing gas flow metering is formed based on electronic device, and explosion-proof effect is poor, uses unsafe problem.It obtains the Current Temperatures T in fiber-optical grating temperature sensor measurement pipe using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator collection1With the Current Temperatures T in self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor measurement pipe, after control single chip computer inside high-power LED light source obtains the Current Temperatures T in self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor measurement pipe, data processing is carried out to Current Temperatures T, and the power output of high-power LED light source is controlled, temperature in the measurement pipe of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is reached predetermined temperature T2；Again by the power output of high-power LED light source and the linear relationship of gas flow rate, the gas flow numerical value obtained in gas supply pipeline is calculated.The present invention is used for gas flow and measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the gas flow of the thermal flow rate sensor based on fiber grating to measure method, belongs to gas flow
Field of measuring technique.
Background technology
The thermal flowmeter for being used to measure gas flow in conventional art mainly has two kinds：One kind is passed using streaming flow
Heat is passed, and then changes the heat distribution formula flowmeter of the heat transfer Distribution Effect of measurement tube wall temperature distribution；Another kind is to use
The thermal mass flow meter of the principle of heat dissipation, it follows Gregory King's law principle：Combustion gas takes away heat by thermal source, and flow velocity is got over
It hurry up, it is more to take away heat, and the temperature difference changes bigger, and required increased luminous power is bigger, and thermal mass flow meter passes through above-mentioned line
Sexual intercourse measures gas flow.
Transporting and supplying for combustion gas at present mainly realizes that the flow measurement of combustion gas is gas company in pipeline by pipeline
Particularly important management link.Traditional gas flow gage probe is mainly based upon the flow sensor of electronic device, by
Restricted in it in inflammable and explosive occasion by the factor such as explosion-proof, there can be many unsafe factors.
In some particular applications, sensor of the fiber-optic grating sensor as intelligent structure, many uses be present
Advantage, first, it has small volume, in light weight, corrosion-resistant, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, easy of integration, advantages of simple structure and simple；
Secondly it, which can be buried, overlays on testee and material internal, to physics such as pressure, temperature, stress, strain, flow velocity, flow, viscosity
Amount is detected.
The content of the invention
The device used the invention aims to solve existing gas flow metering is formed based on electronic device, explosion-proof effect
Fruit is poor, uses unsafe problem, there is provided a kind of gas flow metering side of the thermal flow rate sensor based on fiber grating
Method.
The gas flow metering method of thermal flow rate sensor of the present invention based on fiber grating, the heat type flow quantity
Sensor includes fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, the optical fiber with grating, compound lens coupler, high-power LED light source, fiber grating
Temperature sensor, self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, plastic optical fiber and temperature-measuring optical fiber,
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor are arranged in gas supply pipeline parallel,
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor is arranged at nearly source of the gas side, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
Between spaced a predetermined distance；
The temperature signal of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor passes through the optical fiber with grating and is transferred to the one of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
Individual temperature signal input, the temperature signal of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor are transferred to fiber grating solution through temperature-measuring optical fiber
Adjust another temperature signal input of instrument；The data transmission interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and the data of high-power LED light source
Coffret connects, after the combined prism coupler of emergent light and plastic optical fiber of high-power LED light source, by plastic optical fiber side wall
Light overfall overflow, be converted into heat energy through light selective absorption film, transmit to self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor；
The gas flow measures method：Regulate and control the power output of high-power LED light source using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator,
Self-heating is carried out to self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, and reaches predetermined temperature T2；
When have combustion gas by when, using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator gather obtain fiber-optical grating temperature sensor measurement pipe in
Current Temperatures T1With the Current Temperatures T in self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor measurement pipe, the control inside high-power LED light source
After single-chip microcomputer processed obtains the Current Temperatures T in self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor measurement pipe, data are carried out to Current Temperatures T
Processing, and according to the power output of data processed result control high-power LED light source, make self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
Measurement pipe in temperature reach predetermined temperature T2, and remain constant, make two sensorses temperature difference T constant from face；
Again by the power output of high-power LED light source and the linear relationship of gas flow rate, according to the defeated of high-power LED light source
The gas flow numerical value gone out in power calculation acquisition gas supply pipeline.
The both ends of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and the both ends of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor are in gas supply pipe
It is fixed in road using fixture with tube wall.
The fixture is interior hexagonal fixing bolt.
High-power LED light source is white light source.
Light overfall, and the light-plated selective absorption film at light overfall, light selection are set in the side wall of plastic optical fiber
Property absorbing membrane absorb the luminous energy that light overfall overflows, and heat energy is converted into, as self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
Thermal source.
Advantages of the present invention：The present invention is made based on fiber grating, is used as self-heating optical fiber by the luminous energy of optical fiber transmission
The heating source of grating temperature sensor, the full photo measure of gas flow is realized, ensure that the safety and stability of gas metering
Carry out.
The present invention is applied to the high occasions of requirement of explosion proof such as gas metering, and measurement accuracy is high, and stability is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle frame of the gas flow metering method of the thermal flow rate sensor of the present invention based on fiber grating
Figure；Arrow show the flow direction of combustion gas in figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor；
Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the integrative packaging pipe of encapsulated plastic optical fiber and temperature-measuring optical fiber；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of light selective absorption film；
Fig. 7 is that fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor are set in gas supply pipeline
Structural representation.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, optical fiber is based on described in present embodiment
The thermal flow rate sensor of grating gas flow metering method, the thermal flow rate sensor include fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1,
Optical fiber 2, compound lens coupler 3, high-power LED light source 4, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5, self-heating optical fiber with grating
Grating temperature sensor 6, plastic optical fiber 7 and temperature-measuring optical fiber 8,
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 and self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 are arranged at gas supply pipeline parallel
Interior, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 is arranged at nearly source of the gas side, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 and self-heating optical fiber grating temperature
Between sensor 6 spaced a predetermined distance；
The temperature signal of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 passes through the optical fiber 2 with grating and is transferred to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1
One temperature signal input, the temperature signal of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 are transferred to optical fiber light through temperature-measuring optical fiber 8
Another temperature signal input of grid (FBG) demodulator 1；The data transmission interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 and high-power LED light source 4
Data transmission interface connection, after the combined prism coupler 3 of emergent light and plastic optical fiber 7 of high-power LED light source 4, by moulding
Expect that the light overfall of the side wall of optical fiber 7 overflows, be converted into heat energy through light selective absorption film, transmit to self-heating fiber grating temperature
Spend sensor 6；
The gas flow measures method：Regulate and control the output work of high-power LED light source 4 using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1
Rate, self-heating is carried out to self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6, and reach predetermined temperature T2；
When have combustion gas by when, using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 gather obtain the measurement pipe of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 in
Current Temperatures T1With the Current Temperatures T in the measurement pipe of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6, inside high-power LED light source 4
Control single chip computer obtain the Current Temperatures T in the measurement pipe of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 after, Current Temperatures T is entered
Row data processing, and according to the power output of data processed result control high-power LED light source 4, make self-heating fiber grating temperature
Spend temperature in the measurement pipe of sensor 6 and reach predetermined temperature T2, and remain constant, make two sensorses temperature difference T constant from face；
Again by the power output of high-power LED light source 4 and the linear relationship of gas flow rate, according to high-power LED light source 4
Power output calculates the gas flow numerical value obtained in gas supply pipeline.
High-power LED light source 4 in present embodiment includes large power white light LED lamp bead, drive circuit and control system；
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 is applied to gas pipeline, and high-power LED light source 4 is connected to self-heating by compound lens coupler 3
Formula fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 carries out light heating, and two sensorses are all connected to the data that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 carries out thermometric
Processing, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 and the control unit inside high-power LED light source 4, i.e. single-chip microcomputer connects, so as to adjust big work(
The power output of rate white light LEDs lamp bead.Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 is matched with single-chip microcomputer by procotol, so as to high-power
White LED light source is fed back, and is controlled and is adjusted.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 is designed using double-pipe integratedization, by plastic optical fiber
7 and temperature-measuring optical fiber 8 be packaged together, plastic optical fiber 7 realizes the heating to self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6, temperature measuring optical
Fibre 8 realizes measurement and the transmission of temperature, and temperature-measuring optical fiber 8 is completed using ordinary optic fibre.In Fig. 2, self-heating optical fiber grating temperature passes
The fixing end 9 of sensor 6 is threaded, and two fibre-optic packages make grating be located at the middle of package tube 10 in metal tube 10, separately
In the tube wall inner groovy of one fixing end 11 insertion gas pipeline.
Embodiment two：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, present embodiment is to embodiment one
It is described further, the both ends of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 and the both ends of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 are in combustion gas
It is fixed in steam line using fixture with tube wall.
Two sensors carry out double end simultaneously and fixed, can reduce combustion gas by when to the stress influence of sensor.Meanwhile
The package metals pipe outer wall of two sensors is coated with the anti-extension water coating of anti-corrosion, in order to be adapted to the measurement of combustion gas environment, reduces
The influence of corrosion and extension water to temperature sensor.
Shown in Fig. 5, the fixing end 15 of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 is threaded, and the optical fiber 2 with grating is packaged in metal
In pipe 16, and grating is set to be located at the middle of metal tube 16, another fixing end 17 is inserted in gas pipeline tube wall groove.Metal tube
16 outer surfaces scribble the anti-extension water coating of anti-corrosion.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment is described further to embodiment two, and the fixture is interior hexagonal
Fixing bolt.
The fixing end of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 and self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 is designed to supporting
Interior hexagonal screw thread, it is convenient to fix and determine direction, it can be ensured that two sensorses are heated and temperature measurement fraction is in same horizontal line.
Embodiment four：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 1, present embodiment is to embodiment one, two
Or three be described further, high-power LED light source 4 is white light source.
High-power LED white has that output light wavelength scope is wide as light source, linear convergent rate stable spy during power adjusting
Point.LED white light sources are blue by red, and green three coloured light mixes, peak power output 12W.
As shown in figure 1, light travels to optical fiber by the part of special processing by plastic optical fiber 7, because total internal reflection is broken
Bad, the light of most of pattern is revealed at processing, and the light optional membrane of 0.5cm length is coated with processing, and optional membrane absorbs
Leak light simultaneously turns into thermal source.Temperature-measuring optical fiber 8 carries the single-mode fiber of fiber grating, is packaged in self-heating fiber grating temperature sensor
In device 6.Optical fiber 2 with grating is packaged in fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5.
Embodiment five：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, present embodiment is to embodiment party
Formula one, two, three or four is described further, and light overfall is set in the side wall of plastic optical fiber 7, and light-plated is selected at light overfall
Selecting property absorbing membrane, light selective absorption film absorbs the luminous energy that light overfall overflows, and is converted into heat energy, as self-heating light
The thermal source of fine grating temperature sensor 6.
The surface of plastic optical fiber 7 in present embodiment has carried out specially treated, to destroy optical fiber total internal reflection, makes plastic light
The light of the transmission of fibre 7 finally overflows, then sets light selective absorption film, and the film can select solar selectively film, comes
Leak light is absorbed, luminous energy is changed into heat energy, so as to be used as thermal source.
Light selective absorption film is a kind of composite, and it has higher absorptivity α to visible region, to infrared light district
There is relatively low emissivity ε, can accomplish to absorb luminous energy as much as possible, while reduce itself thermal radiation loss as few as possible again,
So as to improve photo-thermal conversion efficiency.
Shown in Fig. 3, in package tube 10, glazing optional membrane 13 is plated at the processing of the plastic optical fiber 7 of special processing, is surveyed
Warm optical fiber 8 is packaged in package tube 10 with heat-conducting silicone grease 12, and ensures that grating is in the middle of package tube 10.Outside package tube 10
Surface scribbles the anti-extension water coating of anti-corrosion.
With reference to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, leak light is incided on the metal dielectric layer 18 of light optional membrane 13, metal electricity
Dielectric layer 18 is to light absorption and heats up, when light reaches high reflecting metal layer 19, due to the spontaneous radiation of high reflecting metal layer 19
Heat waste is relatively low, so as to reach heat build-up purpose.
The coupling efficiency of the present invention, light loss, light leakage efficiency, and the absorption efficiency of light selective absorption film are
Fixed value.The present invention utilizes Gregory King's law principle, using constant difference measuring method, changes on the basis of conventional gas measurement sensor
Good shape obtains gas flow metering method into the fibre optical sensor for measuring gas flow.The flow formula being related to is：
Q=AU；
Wherein：A is the cross-sectional area inside pipeline under the premise of full packages；U is combustion gas gas flow rate；Q is combustion gas volume flow.
Two fiber-optic grating sensor shapes therein are different, and function allocation is different.
It is constant that Δ T is just to maintain using the constant difference method measurement gas flow rate of Gregory King's law：
Δ T=T2-T1。
When without combustion gas by when, the luminous power that light source is sent is definite value, and now Δ T is constant；When have combustion gas by when, self-heating
The heat of the thermal source of formula fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 6 is pulled away, and Δ T changes, to make Δ T is constant must improve light by feeding back
Source power output, when other conditions are definite value, light source output power or light source drive current and gas flow rate are linear.It is logical
Monitoring light source output power or light source drive current are crossed so as to obtain gas flow rate, and then obtains gas flow.
Specifically, plastic optical fiber 7 is entered after the combined prism coupler 3 of light that high-power LED light source 4 is sent, light exists
The special processing part leakage of plastic optical fiber 7, light optional membrane absorb the light of leakage so as to heating up into thermal source, another thermometric
Optical fiber 8 connects fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 1 and carries out temperature data acquisition, and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 5 also connects fiber grating solution
Instrument 1 is adjusted, carries out temperature data acquisition in pipe, when having combustion gas by taking away heat from heat source, Δ T changes, to keep two sensorses temperature
Poor Δ T is constant, and (FBG) demodulator can will change parameter and feed back to single-chip microcomputer, and change output light work(by single-chip microcomputer control drive circuit
Rate.Gas flow in pipe is obtained and then computing by Output optical power parameter.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of gas flow metering method of thermal flow rate sensor based on fiber grating, the thermal flow rate sensor bag
Include fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1), the optical fiber (2) with grating, compound lens coupler (3), high-power LED light source (4), optical fiber
Grating temperature sensor (5), self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6), plastic optical fiber (7) and temperature-measuring optical fiber (8),
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (5) and self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6) are arranged at gas supply pipeline parallel
Interior, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (5) is arranged at nearly source of the gas side, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (5) and self-heating fiber grating
Between temperature sensor (6) spaced a predetermined distance；
Self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6) is designed using double-pipe integratedization, by plastic optical fiber (7) and temperature-measuring optical fiber (8)
It is packaged together, plastic optical fiber (7) realizes the heating to self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6), and temperature-measuring optical fiber (8) is realized
The measurement and transmission of temperature；
The temperature signal of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (5) passes through the optical fiber (2) with grating and is transferred to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1)
A temperature signal input, the temperature signal of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6) is transferred to through temperature-measuring optical fiber (8)
Another temperature signal input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1)；The data transmission interface of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1) and big work(
Rate LED light source (4) data transmission interface connection, the combined prism coupler of emergent light (3) of high-power LED light source (4) and
After plastic optical fiber (7), overflowed by the light overfall of plastic optical fiber (7) side wall, heat energy is converted into through light selective absorption film, passed
Transport to self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6)；Characterized in that,
The gas flow measures method：Using the output work of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1) regulation and control high-power LED light source (4)
Rate, self-heating is carried out to self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6), and reach predetermined temperature T2；
When have combustion gas by when, using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (1) gather obtain fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (5) measurement pipe in
Current Temperatures T1With the Current Temperatures T in self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6) measurement pipe, high-power LED light source (4)
After internal control single chip computer obtains the Current Temperatures T in self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6) measurement pipe, to current temperature
Spend T and carry out data processing, and the power output of high-power LED light source (4) is controlled according to data processed result, make self-heating optical fiber
Temperature reaches predetermined temperature T in the measurement pipe of grating temperature sensor (6)2, and remain constant, so that two sensorses temperature difference
T is constant；
Again by the power output of high-power LED light source (4) and the linear relationship of gas flow rate, according to high-power LED light source (4)
Power output calculates the gas flow numerical value obtained in gas supply pipeline.
2. the gas flow metering method of the thermal flow rate sensor according to claim 1 based on fiber grating, it is special
Sign is that the both ends of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (5) and the both ends of self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor (6) supply in combustion gas
It is fixed in feed channel using fixture with tube wall.
3. the gas flow metering method of the thermal flow rate sensor according to claim 2 based on fiber grating, it is special
Sign is that the fixture is interior hexagonal fixing bolt.
4. the gas flow metering method of the thermal flow rate sensor according to claim 1 based on fiber grating, it is special
Sign is that high-power LED light source (4) is white light source.
5. the gas flow metering method of the thermal flow rate sensor according to claim 1 based on fiber grating, it is special
Sign is, light overfall, and the light-plated selective absorption film at light overfall, light choosing are set in the side wall of plastic optical fiber (7)
Selecting property absorbing membrane absorbs the luminous energy that light overfall overflows, and is converted into heat energy, as self-heating fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
(6) thermal source.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107219010B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2024-04-05 | 杭州源牌科技股份有限公司 | Calorimeter temperature measuring device |
| CN108731752A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-02 | 四川原皓源环境工程有限公司 | A kind of central air-conditioning gas consumption dynamic monitoring and controlling method, device and expense statistical system |
| CN108469284B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2024-02-13 | 黑龙江大学 | Thermal type gas flowmeter based on fiber bragg grating |
| CN111486913A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-04 | 上海集迦电子科技有限公司 | Optical fiber flowmeter with fluorescent material and control method |
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| CN102564505A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Hot-wire type flow sensor based on fiber grating |
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| CN102564505A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Hot-wire type flow sensor based on fiber grating |
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| CN103148902A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-12 | 中国计量学院 | Doped fiber bragg grating-based optical fiber flow sensor |
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