CN102538892B - Single-section distributed FBG (fiber Bragg grating)-thermal flow sensor - Google Patents
Single-section distributed FBG (fiber Bragg grating)-thermal flow sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102538892B CN102538892B CN 201210016726 CN201210016726A CN102538892B CN 102538892 B CN102538892 B CN 102538892B CN 201210016726 CN201210016726 CN 201210016726 CN 201210016726 A CN201210016726 A CN 201210016726A CN 102538892 B CN102538892 B CN 102538892B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-section distributed FBG (fiber Bragg grating)-thermal flow sensor which is characterized in that more than two drill holes are equationally arranged on the wall of a measuring pipeline, the drill holes are arranged on a same radial cross section, the inside of each drill hole is provided with a seal connector, and optical fibers are connected and fixed by the seal connectors. In the drill holes, a tail fiber is led out from an opposite drill hole, the inside of each optical fiber is connected in series with an FBG thermal flow sensing component, the FBG thermal flow sensing components on a same radial cross section are uniformly distributed, and the optical fiber at the temperature compensation section thereof is close to one end of the tail fiber. Through the combination of an FBG and a thermal flow sensor, the single-section distributed FBG-thermal flow sensor realizes the precise measurement on flow quantity, and has the advantages of easiness for manufacturing, small size, high sensitivity, low cost, and the like; meanwhile, an optical signal provided by the invention can be subjected to remote transmission through the optical fibers, so that, the single-section distributed FBG-thermal flow sensor disclosed by the invention can be widely applied to the detection on the flow velocity and flow quantity of various gas transport pipelines, and also suitable for being used in severe environments which are strong in electromagnetic interference and large in humidity, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fiber optic sensing device, be specifically related to a kind of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor.
Background technology
The measurement of flow velocity, flow in industrial processes such as oil, chemical industry, medicine, energy measurement, environmental monitoring in occupation of critical role.Therefore, flow velocity, flow sensor are indispensable senser elements in fluid detection and the control procedure.Traditional mechanical type flow velocity, the flow sensor measuring error is big, precision is low.For example, adopt the current meter of hyperacoustic Flow speed measurer, electromagnetic current meter or acoustical Doppler effect etc., though measuring accuracy is higher, easy electromagnetic wave interference.
Along with development of fiber technology, a lot of optical fiber flow velocity, flow sensors based on optical principle have appearred.Optic flow sensor is the principle realization of adopting light transmit the time in optical fiber the characteristic (as intensity, phase place, frequency, wavelength etc.) can be subjected to the modulation of flow and corresponding modulation voltage being demodulated into rate of flow of fluid.Compare with traditional flow sensor, optic flow sensor has following advantage: (1) accuracy, highly sensitive; (2) high pressure resistant, high temperature resistant, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), safe and reliable under inflammable, explosive environments; (3) bandwidth, dynamic range are wide; (4) be convenient to telemeasurement and control; (5) volume is little, quality is light.Since have anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), anti-neighbourhood noise, characteristics such as electric insulating quality and self-security, so optic flow sensor will have huge marketable value.
In the fluid of reality, no matter be again flowing in the pipeline, still flow around object, all can cause the energy of fluid to be subjected in various degree loss, namely at the flow velocity at same interface and evenly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor, carry out velocity flow profile measurement everywhere on the cross section.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The present invention holes first-class being arranged with more than 2 of the tube wall of measuring channel, boring is positioned on the same radial section, in each boring seal connector is installed respectively, optical fiber is fixed in the boring by seal connector, tail optical fiber is drawn from a wherein relative boring, all be connected in series a fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare in each optical fiber, fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare keeps evenly distributing on the same radial section, and the temperature compensation section optical fiber of fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare is near an end of tail optical fiber.
Described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 6 borings, and 6 borings are positioned on the same radial section.
Described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 3 borings, and 3 borings are positioned on the same radial section and are triangularly arranged.
Described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 4 borings, and 4 borings are positioned on the same radial section and are arranged in squares, and are connected in series another fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare again on a diagonal line therein.
Described fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare comprises: temperature compensation section optical fiber and flow measurement section optical fiber; Temperature compensation section fiber core writes first fiber grating, flow measurement section fiber core writes second fiber grating, the cladding surface of the second fiber grating place optical fiber is coated with the layer of metal ion and forms metal film, and the coupling efficiency of dislocation welding area is realized by the transversion malposition distance of adjusting temperature compensation section optical fiber and flow measurement section fiber end face.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention can obtain the flow information of FBG present position, and can analyze the flow distribution on plane, measuring channel place by measuring the centre wavelength of each FBG.Fiber Bragg Grating technology combines with the heat type flow quantity sensing technology, has realized the accurate measurement of flow, has to make advantages such as simple, that volume is little, highly sensitive, cost is lower.Simultaneously, the light signal that this structure provides can pass through the optical fiber long-distance transmissions, is widely used in the flow velocity, flow detection of all gases transport pipeline, in the rugged surroundings such as, high humidity strong applicable to electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor.
Fig. 2 is the radial view of first kind of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor.
Fig. 3 is the radial view of second kind of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor.
Fig. 4 is the radial view of the third single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare.
Among the figure: 1, temperature compensation section optical fiber, 2, flow measurement section optical fiber, 3, first fiber grating, 4, dislocation welding area, 5, metallic ion forms metal film, 6, second fiber grating, 7, fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare, 8, seal connector, 9, tail optical fiber.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is further described.
The constructional device of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor has a variety of, enumerates three kinds below, but is not limited only to this.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention holes first-class being arranged with more than 2 of the tube wall of measuring channel, boring is positioned on the same radial section, in each boring seal connector 8 is installed respectively, optical fiber is fixed in the boring by seal connector 8, tail optical fiber 9 is drawn from a wherein relative boring, all be connected in series a fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare 7 in each optical fiber, fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare keeps evenly distributing on the same radial section, and the temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 of fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare 7 is near an end of tail optical fiber 9.
As shown in Figure 2, described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 6 borings, and 6 borings are positioned on the same sagittal plane.
As shown in Figure 3, described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 3 borings, and 3 borings are positioned on the same sagittal plane and are triangularly arranged.
As shown in Figure 4, described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 4 borings, and 4 borings are positioned on the same sagittal plane and are arranged in squares, and are connected in series another fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare 7 again on a diagonal line therein.
As shown in Figure 5, described fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare 7 comprises: temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 and flow measurement section optical fiber 2; Temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 fibre core writes first fiber grating 3, flow measurement section optical fiber 2 fibre cores write second fiber grating 6, the cladding surface of second fiber grating, 6 place optical fiber is coated with the layer of metal ion and forms metal film 5, the coupling efficiency of dislocation welding area 4 realizes that by the transversion malposition distance of adjusting temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 and flow measurement section optical fiber 2 end faces the transversion malposition distance can be 7～8 microns.
Wherein, temperature compensation section optical fiber 1 length is 8cm, writes fiber grating 3 and is 1cm, and fiber grating 3 is from dislocation end 25mm, and centre wavelength is 1520nm, and reflectivity is 13dB; Flow measurement section optical fiber 2 length are 4cm, write fiber grating 6 and are 4mm, and fiber grating 6 is from dislocation end 1mm, and centre wavelength is 1550nm, and reflectivity is 25dB; It is silver-plated that metal film 5 is to use vacuum evaporating coating machine to carry out, and silver-plated length is 4mm, and silver-plated thickness is 25nm, and the outside surface of silver plates SiO
2, thickness is about 100nm; Dislocation welding area 4 is about 5dB; Laser instrument 7 is the continuous Raman fiber laser, and centre wavelength is 1455nm, and power 0-1.2W is adjustable; Wavelength division multiplexer 9 is 1455/1550nm high power wavelength division multiplexer; Width light source 11 is the ASE light source of bandwidth 1520-1620nm; Spectroanalysis instrument is AQ8683.
Claims (4)
1. single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor, it is characterized in that: hole first-class being arranged with more than 2 of measurement tube wall, boring is positioned on the same radial section, in each boring seal connector (8) is installed respectively, optical fiber is fixed in the boring by seal connector (8), tail optical fiber (9) is drawn from a wherein relative boring, all be connected in series a fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare (7) in each optical fiber, fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare (7) keeps evenly distributing on the same radial section, and the temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) of fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare (7) is near an end of tail optical fiber (9);
Described fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare (7) comprising: temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) and flow measurement section optical fiber (2); Temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) fibre core writes first fiber grating (3), flow measurement section optical fiber (2) fibre core writes second fiber grating (6), the cladding surface of second fiber grating (6) place optical fiber is coated with the layer of metal ion and forms metal film (5), and the coupling efficiency that is positioned at the dislocation welding area (4) between temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) and the flow measurement section optical fiber (2) is realized by the transversion malposition distance of adjusting temperature compensation section optical fiber (1) and flow measurement section optical fiber (2) end face.
2. a kind of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 6 borings, and 6 borings are positioned on the same radial section.
3. a kind of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 3 borings, and 3 borings are positioned on the same radial section and are triangularly arranged.
4. a kind of single cross-sectional distribution formula fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described measurement tube wall is first-class to be arranged with 4 borings, 4 borings are positioned on the same radial section and are arranged in squares, and are connected in series another fiber grating thermal flow rate sensor spare (7) again on a diagonal line therein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201210016726 CN102538892B (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-01-19 | Single-section distributed FBG (fiber Bragg grating)-thermal flow sensor |
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| CN 201210016726 CN102538892B (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-01-19 | Single-section distributed FBG (fiber Bragg grating)-thermal flow sensor |
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| CN102538892A CN102538892A (en) | 2012-07-04 |
| CN102538892B true CN102538892B (en) | 2013-09-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103438946B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2016-03-23 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Based on the thermal gas flowmeter of coated optical fibre grating |
| CN105333909A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-02-17 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Pipeline flowmeter of active FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) Fabry-Perot interferometer |
| CN112362115B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-12-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Small flow sensor based on fiber bragg grating and measuring system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH0694490A (en) * | 1992-09-11 | 1994-04-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Inline gas flow rate measuring device |
| GB0214293D0 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2002-07-31 | Qinetiq Ltd | Optical sensing apparatus |
| EP2483642B1 (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2013-08-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust gas volume determination device |
| CN102095451A (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 天津金工机械设备制造有限公司 | Fiber grating liquid flow sensor with temperature compensation |
| CN202420580U (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2012-09-05 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Hot-wire flow sensor based on fiber gratings |
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