CN202210713U - High reliability magnetic flux switching type motor - Google Patents
High reliability magnetic flux switching type motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN202210713U CN202210713U CN2011203183504U CN201120318350U CN202210713U CN 202210713 U CN202210713 U CN 202210713U CN 2011203183504 U CN2011203183504 U CN 2011203183504U CN 201120318350 U CN201120318350 U CN 201120318350U CN 202210713 U CN202210713 U CN 202210713U
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a high reliability magnetic flux switching type motor which comprises a stator iron core, a rotor iron core, 4m armature coils and 4m excitation coils. The stator iron core is formed by staggering and splicing 4m E-shaped iron core units and 4m permanent magnets, magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets are tangential, neighboring magnetizing directions are opposite, a protruding tooth of the middle of each E-shaped iron core unit is a stator fault-tolerant tooth, protruding teeth of the two sides are permanent magnetic teeth, and a stator permanent magnetic tooth is formed by one permanent magnet and two permanent magnetic teeth contacted with the permanent magnet. The armature coils are sleeved on the stator permanent magnetic teeth, a first set of symmetrical m phase armature windings is formed by the 2m neighboring armature coils, a second set of symmetrical m phase armature windings is formed by the other 2m armature coils, the excitation coils are sleeved on the stator fault-tolerant teeth, and a set of single phase concentrated excitation windings is formed by successively connecting the excitation coils in series from the head to the tail. Compared with the prior art, the fault-tolerant performance and the reliability of motors can be enhanced, and the motor is provided with a plurality of working modes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor, relate in particular to a kind of heterogeneous magnetic pass switching electromotor of redundant excitation double armature winding with fault-tolerant tooth.
Background technology
Single-phase or the three phase electric machine of appearance at present all is to take excitation and armature two to overlap the structure that windings are placed respectively, comprises the rotating excitation formula electricity excitation structure of rotor placement excitation winding/stator placement armature winding, the rotating excitation formula permanent-magnet structure of rotor placement permanent magnet/stator placement armature winding, the revolving-armature type electricity excitation structure of stator placement excitation winding/rotor placement armature winding, the revolving-armature type permanent-magnet structure of stator placement permanent magnet/rotor placement armature winding.Above-mentioned four kinds of structures except the rotary permanent-magnet excitation-type all need brush with (or) commutator, reduced the reliability of system, need to safeguard.
And the so-called magnetic pass switching electromotor that occurred in recent years is meant the variation along with rotor-position, and magnetic flux switches its closed path, makes the magnetic flux size and Orientation of the interior linkage of stator armature winding all change, thereby produces the motor of the induced potential of alternation.This motor has pure permanent-magnet structure (permanent magnet and armature winding are all placed stator), pure electric excitation structure (excitation winding and armature winding are all placed stator), composite excitation structure (permanent magnet, excitation winding and armature winding are all placed stator); Both do not had permanent magnet on the rotor and also do not had winding, structure is very simple.
But present magnetic pass switching electromotor all is to adopt a cover armature winding, therefore when armature winding generation fault, will cause motor to move, and motor and load are impacted.And comprising most fields such as wind power generation, New-energy electric vehicle, industrial drives, how electric aircraft/ships and light boats, all the reliability to drive system has proposed very high request.Present conventional single motor driven systems can not solve the contradiction between motor torque-rotary speed property and the system dynamic demand well.If power invariability then can not satisfy the requirement of acceleration performance and maximum speed; If pursue the system dynamic performance, then must improve power of motor, make motor volume and mass of system increase.More crucial is the fault-tolerant operation ability that single electric system can't guarantee reliability requirement and reinforcement.Adopt many motor combination structure, then cause whole dynamical system complex structure again, volume is big, and cost is also high.Based on above-mentioned background, develop a kind of novel redundant excitation double armature polyphase machine drive system with fault-tolerant tooth, will help to satisfy above-mentioned requirement to power drive system.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiency that exists in the prior art, the present invention provides the heterogeneous magnetic pass switching electromotor of redundant excitation double armature winding with fault-tolerant tooth that a kind of efficient is high, power density is big, fault freedom is strong, reliability is high.
Technical scheme: for realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A kind of high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor, comprise stator core, with suitable rotor core, a 4m armature coil and 4m the magnet exciting coil of stator core, said stator core and rotor core are salient-pole structure; Said stator core is spliced by the permanent magnet of 4m E shape core unit and 4m the usefulness that magnetizes is staggered; The magnetizing direction of said permanent magnet is the tangential; And the magnetizing direction of adjacent permanent magnet is opposite; The tooth of protrusion is the fault-tolerant tooth of stator in the middle of the said E shape core unit, and the tooth of both sides protrusion is the permanent magnetism tooth, and permanent magnet constitutes the stator permanent magnet tooth jointly with contacted two permanent magnetism teeth with it; Said armature coil is sleeved on the stator permanent magnet tooth, and adjacent 2m armature coil constitutes the symmetrical m phase armature winding of first cover, and other 2m adjacent armature coil constitutes the symmetrical m phase armature winding of second cover; Said magnet exciting coil is sleeved on the fault-tolerant tooth of stator, and magnet exciting coil is composed in series the single-phase central excitation winding of a cover successively from beginning to end; All permanent magnets constitute permanent magnetic field, and all magnet exciting coils constitute electricity excitation magnetic field; Wherein, m is a natural number, and m >=1, and its design load can be provided with according to actual needs flexibly.
This motor, the advantage that kept on structure and performance that traditional flux switch motor is compact, simple, robustness is good, be suitable for high-speed cruising, efficient is high, power density is big; On excitation mode, adopted two kinds of excitation modes of electric excitation and permanent magnet excitation, designed symmetrical m phase armature winding and the single-phase central excitation winding of a cover that two covers intercouple, make motor have multiple mode of operation, higher fault freedom and reliability.
Both do not had permanent magnet in the said rotor core and do not had winding yet, be straight trough structure or flume structure; The rotor core of straight trough structure can guarantee just can obtain static characteristics such as the very high magnetic linkage of sinusoidal degree, induced potential and inductance adopting single-phase central excitation winding and rotor core not under the condition of skewed slot; If the sinusoidal degree to static characteristics such as motor excitation magnetic linkage, induced potential and inductance is had relatively high expectations, also can be with the rotor chute certain angle of straight trough structure to improve sine property.
Said E shape core unit and rotor core are silicon steel sheet or other magnetic conductive material.
Said permanent magnet is neodymium iron boron or other permanent magnetism material.
Said stator core and rotor core can be designed to as required match synthetic inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure.
Said permanent magnetic field and electricity excitation magnetic field are a kind of magnetic field or the wherein combination in two kinds of magnetic fields in radial magnetic field, axial magnetic field or the transverse magnetic field.
The mechanical structure of this motor can be one or more the combining form in rotation, straight line, plane, the solid.
Beneficial effect: a kind of high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor provided by the invention; Compared with prior art; Has following beneficial effect: 1, adopt redundant excitation, can regulate air-gap field, as both increasing magnetic to produce bigger starting torque through regulating electric exciting current; Can realize permanent power wide range speed control operation by weak magnetic again, overcome the nonadjustable difficulty of pure magneto permanent magnetic field; 2, adopt redundant excitation, when demagnetization or loss of excitation fault take place permanent magnet, can keep motor rotation, improved the fault freedom of motor through the excitation field of electric excitation winding generation; In addition, can also magnetize to permanent magnet is online, further improve system reliability through electric magnet exciting coil; 3, adopt two heterogeneous concentrated armature winding, promptly motor contains two cover polyphase armature windings, and the mutual decoupling zero of two cover windings, and control provides multiple mode of operation separately, can control flexibly according to system's needs; 4, adopt two heterogeneous concentrated armature winding, when any cover armature winding or power conversion circuit break down, but another set of armature winding passage operate as normal to keep motor rotation, has greatly improved the fault freedom of motor; 5, both do not had winding on this rotor, do not had permanent magnet again, compact conformation, firm reliable, the little and rotor of moment of inertia is an integral body, is suitable for high-speed cruising; 6, adopt fault-tolerant tooth; For armature winding provides magnetic, electricity, hot independent loop, make when motor polyphase armature winding mutual inductance reduces, guaranteed that fully it leaves separately; Increase independence between phase and phase, further improved the reliability of motor and the ability that operates with failure; Stability when 7, this motor also can manufacture an integral body with raising motor high-speed cruising with stationary part as required; 8, armature winding, excitation winding, permanent magnet all place stator, are easy to heat radiation, and the anti-vibration ability is strong, and is reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for for the pure permanent magnet excitation of motor of the present invention the time, and the A of the first cover armature winding is the unloaded magnetic flux figure of A ' two coils mutually of two coils and the second cover armature winding mutually;
Fig. 3 is during for the pure permanent magnet excitation of motor of the present invention, the unloaded magnetic flux figure of two threephase armature windings;
Fig. 4 is the cover of first under the motor different exciting operating mode of the present invention armature winding A phase magnetic flux figure;
Fig. 5 is the cover of second under the motor different exciting operating mode of the present invention armature winding A ' phase magnetic flux figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done explanation further.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as a kind of high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor, be specially two threephase stator 24 grooves/rotor 22 utmost point motors, the number of phases of motor is m, and number of stator slots is P
s, the rotor number of poles is P
rWherein, m=3.
This motor comprises stator core 1, is positioned at the rotor core 2 of stator core 1, a 4m armature coil 3 and 4m magnet exciting coil 5, and said stator core 1 is a salient-pole structure with rotor core 2; Said stator core 1 is by permanent magnet 4 staggered being spliced of 4m E shape core unit and 4m the usefulness that magnetizes; The magnetizing direction of said permanent magnet 4 is the tangential; And the magnetizing direction of adjacent permanent magnet 4 is opposite; The tooth of protrusion is the fault-tolerant tooth 6 of stator in the middle of the said E shape core unit, and the tooth of both sides protrusion is that 7, one permanent magnets of permanent magnetism tooth 4 and contacted with it two permanent magnetism teeth 7 constitute the stator permanent magnet tooth jointly; Said armature coil 3 is sleeved on the stator permanent magnet tooth, and an adjacent 2m armature coil 3 constitutes the symmetrical threephase armature winding of first cover, and adjacent other 2m armature coil 3 constitutes the symmetrical threephase armature winding of second cover; Said magnet exciting coil 5 is sleeved on the fault-tolerant tooth 6 of stator, and magnet exciting coil 5 is composed in series the single-phase central excitation winding of a cover successively from beginning to end; All permanent magnets 4 constitute permanent magnetic field, and all magnet exciting coils 5 constitute electricity excitation magnetic field.
Said permanent magnetic field and electricity excitation magnetic field are a kind of magnetic field or the wherein combination in two kinds of magnetic fields in radial magnetic field, axial magnetic field or the transverse magnetic field; The mechanical structure of this motor is one or more the combining form in rotation, straight line, plane, the solid.
In said structure; The symmetrical threephase armature winding of first cover comprises first armature coil 301, second armature coil 302, the 3rd armature coil 303, the 4th armature coil 304, the 5th armature coil 305 and the 6th armature coil 306; Form A phase armature winding, B phase armature winding and C armature winding mutually; The symmetrical threephase armature winding of second cover comprises the 7th armature coil 307, the 8th armature coil 308, the 9th armature coil 309, the tenth armature coil the 310, the 11 armature coil 311 and the 12 armature coil 312, forms A ' phase armature winding, B ' phase armature winding and C ' armature winding mutually; Wherein every phase winding is made up of two armature coils, and each armature coil 3 is all across on the stator permanent magnet tooth of correspondence, and 3 two flanges of armature coil are arranged in two grooves about corresponding stator permanent magnet tooth, and are spatially vertical with corresponding stator permanent magnet tooth.Wherein the concrete method of attachment of the symmetrical threephase armature winding of first cover is: first armature coil 301 is connected into A permanent magnetism armature winding mutually with the 4th armature coil 304; Second armature coil 302 is connected into B armature winding mutually with the 5th armature coil 305, and the 3rd armature coil 303 is connected into C armature winding mutually with the 6th armature coil 306; The concrete method of attachment of the symmetrical threephase armature winding of second cover is: the 7th armature coil 307 is connected into A ' permanent magnetism armature winding mutually with the tenth armature coil 310; The 8th armature coil 308 is connected into B ' armature winding mutually with the 11 armature coil 311, and the 9th armature coil 309 is connected into C ' armature winding mutually with the 12 armature coil 312.
Magnet exciting coil 5 is for concentrating winding construction; Have 12, be respectively first magnet exciting coil 501, second magnet exciting coil 502, the 3rd magnet exciting coil 503, the 4th magnet exciting coil 504, the 5th magnet exciting coil 505, the 6th magnet exciting coil 506, the 7th magnet exciting coil 507, the 8th magnet exciting coil 508, the 9th magnet exciting coil 509, the tenth magnet exciting coil the 510, the 11 magnet exciting coil 511 and the 12 magnet exciting coil 512.
Said rotor core 2 had not both had permanent magnet and had not had winding yet, and structure is very simple and firm; Can be straight trough structure or flume structure; Said E shape core unit and rotor core 2 adopt silicon steel punched chip or other permeability magnetic material to press folded processing; Said permanent magnet 4 is neodymium iron boron or other permanent magnetism material.
Along with the variation of rotor core 2 positions, the magnetic flux of linkage near sinusoidal in each armature coil 3 in the symmetrical threephase armature winding, the magnetic flux amplitude of all armature coils 3 equates, the phase place symmetry;
To belong to A is example with A ' four armature coils 3 mutually mutually; Be first armature coil 301 and the 4th armature coil 304 of A phase; The 7th armature coil 307 of A ' phase and the tenth coil 310: because the symmetry of electric machine structure, to any rotor-position, the magnetic flux characteristic that is in two armature coils 3 of relative position radially is identical; Promptly first armature coil 301 is identical with the magnetic flux characteristic of the 7th armature coil 307, and the 4th armature coil 304 is identical with the magnetic flux characteristic of the tenth armature coil 310; And two homophase armature coil 3 magnetic fluxs that are in non-radially relative position have the winding complementarity; Magnetic flux like first armature coil 301 and the 4th armature coil 304 has the winding complementarity; The magnetic flux of the 7th armature coil 307 and the tenth armature coil 310 has complementarity, and is as shown in Figure 2.Therefore, synthetic every phase magnetic flux height is sinusoidal, and as far as every suit armature winding, and symmetrical threephase armature winding magnetic flux respectively differs 120 ° (360 °/m) electrical degree; With the rotor core rotation, induce highly sinusoidal induced potential in the phase winding.
Adopt the symmetrical threephase armature winding of two covers in the above-mentioned motor, and the mutual decoupling zero of the two symmetrical threephase armature windings of cover, make the reliability of this motor be significantly improved, very be fit to the fault-tolerant operation of motor.For three kinds of excitation operating modes, when comprising pure permanent magnet excitation, pure electric excitation and composite excitation,, all can produce highly sinusoidal three symmetrical induced potentials in the symmetrical threephase armature winding of two covers with rotor core 2 rotations.Therefore, feed three symmetrical sinusoidal currents in the symmetrical threephase armature winding of any cover, all can produce electromagnetic torque stably.Under certain rotating speed, electromagnetic torque depends on the size of excitation field power and armature supply.Like Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5,, the advantage of composite excitation operating mode and two threephase armature windings is described below according to several kinds of typical motor ruuning situations.
1, pure permanent magnet excitation.The excitation field of this moment is produced by permanent magnet fully, so electric efficiency is higher; Regulate level of torque through regulating the armature supply size.
2, composite excitation.Be that excitation field is produced by permanent magnetic field and electricity excitation magnetic field jointly.The size of regulating electric exciting current can strengthen permanent magnetic field or weaken permanent magnetic field, to reach the purpose of regulating excitation field.Under certain rotating speed, electric excitation increases magnetic can provide extra excitation field, and the induced potential of motor increases, and importing same armature supply can be fit to the occasion of the big torque output of needs for bigger output torque is provided very much.When a little less than the electric excitation during magnetic, because excitation field is weakened, the motor induced potential reduces, and can expand the high-speed cruising district of motor.
3, failure operation.Fault mainly comprises two kinds, i.e. the permanent magnet excitation fault that permanent magnet demagnetization or loss of excitation cause, and armature winding fault.For the permanent magnet excitation fault, can produce through electric excitation and keep the required excitation field of motor operation; For the armature fault, because the mutual decoupling zero of two cover armature winding, any cover armature winding work all can be kept the motor operation.The fault-tolerant operation of motor can reduce the impact of instant of failure to motor and load, keeps the motor operation, the operational reliability and the fail safe that have therefore greatly improved motor.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Be noted that for those skilled in the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor; It is characterized in that: this motor comprise stator core (1), with suitable rotor core (2), a 4m armature coil (3) and 4m the magnet exciting coil (5) of stator core (1), said stator core (1) and rotor core (2) are salient-pole structure; Said stator core (1) is spliced by the permanent magnet (4) of 4m E shape core unit and 4m the usefulness that magnetizes is staggered; The magnetizing direction of said permanent magnet (4) is the tangential; And the magnetizing direction of adjacent permanent magnet (4) is opposite; The tooth of protrusion is the fault-tolerant tooth of stator (6) in the middle of the said E shape core unit, and the tooth of both sides protrusion is permanent magnetism tooth (7), and a permanent magnet (4) constitutes the stator permanent magnet tooth jointly with contacted two permanent magnetism teeth (7) with it; Said armature coil (3) is sleeved on the stator permanent magnet tooth, and an adjacent 2m armature coil (3) constitutes the symmetrical m phase armature winding of first cover, and adjacent other 2m armature coil (3) constitutes the symmetrical m phase armature winding of second cover; Said magnet exciting coil (5) is sleeved on the fault-tolerant tooth of stator (6), and magnet exciting coil (5) is composed in series the single-phase central excitation winding of a cover successively from beginning to end; All permanent magnets (4) constitute permanent magnetic field, and all magnet exciting coils (5) constitute electricity excitation magnetic field; Wherein, m is a natural number, and m >=1.
2. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said rotor core (2) is straight trough structure or flume structure.
3. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said E shape core unit and rotor core (2) are magnetic conductive material.
4. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said E shape core unit and rotor core (2) are silicon steel sheet.
5. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said permanent magnet (4) is a neodymium iron boron.
6. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said stator core (1) and rotor core (2) match and synthesize inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure.
7. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said permanent magnetic field and electricity excitation magnetic field are a kind of magnetic field or the wherein combination in two kinds of magnetic fields in radial magnetic field, axial magnetic field or the transverse magnetic field.
8. high reliability magnetic pass switching electromotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mechanical structure of this motor is one or more the combining form in rotation, straight line, plane, the solid.
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Cited By (14)
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CN102290883A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2011-12-21 | 东南大学 | Redundant excitation double-armature winding multiphase magnetic flux switching motor with fault-tolerant teeth |
CN103199641A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Stator permanent magnetic flux-switching bearing-free motor with U-shaped teeth |
CN103199660A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Stator permanent magnetic flux-switching bearing-free motor with E-shaped teeth |
CN103248158A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 东南大学 | Six-phase flux switching type permanent magnet motor |
CN103259350A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-21 | 东南大学 | Double-speed winding magnetic flow switching type motor |
CN103280902A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-04 | 东南大学 | Twelve-phase stator permanent magnet type magnetic flux switching motor |
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US20140049124A1 (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-02-20 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Double-rotor flux-switching machine |
CN104113172A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | E-tooth double-rotor flux-switching permanent magnet motor |
CN104201808A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-10 | 东南大学 | Hybrid excitation fault tolerant motor system based on automatic position detection |
CN104539125A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-22 | 上海电机学院 | Mixed excitation flux switching motor |
CN105978183A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-09-28 | 上海电机学院 | Switching flux linkage no-bearing motor |
CN106451976A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-02-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | E-shaped-iron-core-included mixed excitation flux-switching motor |
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2011
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CN102290883A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2011-12-21 | 东南大学 | Redundant excitation double-armature winding multiphase magnetic flux switching motor with fault-tolerant teeth |
US10326322B2 (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2019-06-18 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Double-rotor flux-switching machine |
US20140049124A1 (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-02-20 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Double-rotor flux-switching machine |
CN103259350A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-21 | 东南大学 | Double-speed winding magnetic flow switching type motor |
CN103199641A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Stator permanent magnetic flux-switching bearing-free motor with U-shaped teeth |
CN103199660A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Stator permanent magnetic flux-switching bearing-free motor with E-shaped teeth |
CN103280902A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-04 | 东南大学 | Twelve-phase stator permanent magnet type magnetic flux switching motor |
CN103248158A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 东南大学 | Six-phase flux switching type permanent magnet motor |
CN103475178A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2013-12-25 | 东南大学 | Linear rotation permanent magnet motor |
CN104113172A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | E-tooth double-rotor flux-switching permanent magnet motor |
CN104201808B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-08-31 | 东南大学 | A kind of composite excitation fault-tolerant motor system based on position automatic detection |
CN104201808A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-10 | 东南大学 | Hybrid excitation fault tolerant motor system based on automatic position detection |
CN104539125A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-22 | 上海电机学院 | Mixed excitation flux switching motor |
CN105978183A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-09-28 | 上海电机学院 | Switching flux linkage no-bearing motor |
CN106451976A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-02-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | E-shaped-iron-core-included mixed excitation flux-switching motor |
CN106451976B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-08-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | E shaped iron core mixed excited magnetic pass switch motor |
CN114498996A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-13 | 沈阳工业大学 | Double-m-phase winding separated type asymmetric axial flux permanent magnet motor |
CN114498996B (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-18 | 沈阳工业大学 | Double m-phase winding separated type asymmetric axial flux permanent magnet motor |
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