CN202072502U

CN202072502U - Solar desalination unit arranged on sea

Info

Publication number: CN202072502U
Application number: CN2011202057504U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯静
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-06-17
Filing date: 2011-06-17
Publication date: 2011-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-06-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar desalination unit arranged on a sea, which is characterized in that a lower storage reservoir, an upper storage reservoir and a light-pervious tent are arranged in a ship body in sequence; the upper storage reservoir is provided with an air inlet mechanism and an exhaust mechanism; and in winter, fresh water is prepared in the way of freezing naturally in the ship body, and simultaneously, unfrozen sea water is distilled to obtain the fresh water by the air inlet mechanism and the exhaust mechanism. In other seasons, the fresh water is prepared in the way of distilling the sea water by utilizing solar energy. The solar desalination unit has the beneficial effect of not occupying land resources by floating on the sea water. In winter, the fresh water yield of the solar desalination unit is higher than that of a device merely depending on solar radiation to distill the sea water. The actions of the solar desalination unit depend on natural force, therefore, the solar desalination unit does not consume electricity and does not need manpower. As being capable of floating on the sea, the solar desalination unit can freely choose to anchor on an area with high-quality sea water for desalination.

Description

A kind of afloat solar energy sea water desalination apparatus is set

Technical field

The utility model relates to the sea water desaltination field, especially relates to a kind of device that utilizes natural energy resources to desalinize seawater.

Background technology

Sea water desaltination is the problem that people pay close attention to always.The method that seawater is desalinated is a lot, but conventional method as multistage distillation method, ion exchange method, dialysis, reverse osmosis membrane and cold method etc., all will consume a large amount of fuel or electric power.Because Greenhouse effect, the atmospheric pollution of the earth are serious day by day, therefore, seek to carry out sea water desaltination with sun power, are subject to people's attention.

Disc type solar energy distillation device desalination technology has many advantages: but at first be independent operating, be not subjected to condition restriction such as steam, electric power, pollution-free, operating safety is reliable and stable, does not consume conventional artificial energy source, and there is very big using value in energy scarcity, the high area of environmental requirement; But next is the industrial scale organic assembling, and adaptability is good, invests less relatively.

But its weak point is to occupy a large amount of land resourceses, secondly is to enter winter, a little less than the intensity of solar radiation, causes fresh water yield low.If can improve the problems referred to above, desalination with Solar Energy possesses the competitive power in water supply market more.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of like this solar energy sea water desalination apparatus: first, it does not take land resources, utilize wide sea to settle sea water desalinating plant, second, enter winter, can utilize nature cold icing method that desalinizes seawater in device to produce fresh water, to improve the fresh water aquifer yield in winter.

Device of the present utility model is achieved in that it comprises the hull that can float in water, sets gradually lower storage reservoir, upper storage reservoir, printing opacity canopy in the hull; At the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond, establish a drainage hole and be communicated with lower storage reservoir; Upper storage reservoir top is provided with the distillation tank, and the distillation tank is communicated with lower storage reservoir by the distillation water channel;

Described printing opacity canopy is provided with ventilation opening and canopy lid, and the canopy lid can move and the enclosed ventilation mouth, and upper storage reservoir is isolated from the outside; Be provided with the floating plate that can float in the described lower storage reservoir in water, be provided with a plurality of wet cloth group in the floating plate, when floating plate floated in water, the prosopyle of water from floating plate entered floating plate, made wet cloth group at least a portion under water; Be provided with pulley and stay cord in the pulley groove of floating plate bottom and lower storage reservoir, an end of stay cord is fixed in the pulley groove of lower storage reservoir, and the other end links to each other with the canopy lid, and when floating plate floated in water, by pulley, the pulling stay cord moved and the enclosed ventilation mouth canopy lid;

Be provided with occluding mechanism in the described upper storage reservoir, occluding mechanism comprises spring, kickboard, stay cord, the stopper that links to each other successively, and an end of its medi-spring is fixed on upper storage reservoir, and the other end is pressed on the kickboard; Stopper is blocked drainage hole by deadweight, when kickboard overcomes spring force upwards, and by stay cord, pull-up stopper disengaging drainage hole;

Described upper storage reservoir is provided with admission gear and air-releasing mechanism, described admission gear comprise painted black standpipe, contain the pipe and can rotate and seal the shrouding of standpipe of facining the wind of wind rudder; One end of standpipe puts in lower storage reservoir, and the other end is equipped with and contains managing down with the wind and stretching out outside the printing opacity canopy of wind rudder; Described air-releasing mechanism comprises extraction pipe, radiator element, wind eaves, distillation water pipe and can rotate and seal the shrouding of extraction pipe; One end of extraction pipe puts in lower storage reservoir, and the other end is communicated with radiator element and stretches out outside the printing opacity canopy, and first radiator element wherein and wind eaves are provided with the distillation ditch, and the distillation ditch connects the distillation water pipe that is positioned at upper storage reservoir top; Air-flow enters from the pipe that facings the wind of admission gear, through lower storage reservoir, flows out from the gap between the radiator element of air-releasing mechanism;

Be provided with the ventpipe that is fixed on admission gear's standpipe in the described upper storage reservoir, an end of ventpipe is higher than the distillation tank, and the other end is higher than at the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond;

Use said apparatus and make the step of fresh water:

First step: be lower than time below 0 ℃ closing on temperature, remove the canopy lid, and in upper storage reservoir, add seawater; Be lower than time below 0 ℃ at temperature, the seawater in the upper storage reservoir freezes in freezing air; When ice is tied certain thickness, expand because ice body is long-pending, promote kickboard and overcome spring force upwards, stopper is pulled up, and the seawater of Jie Binging does not flow into lower storage reservoir from drainage hole;

Floating plate floats in the seawater that lower storage reservoir does not freeze, and it spurs stay cord by pulley, the canopy lid is moved and the enclosed ventilation mouth, so that upper storage reservoir is isolated from the outside;

Sunlight sees through the printing opacity canopy, and the air in the heating canopy is in order to melt ice; Because the warm air in the hot pressing effect, canopy flows into the ice sheet bottom through ventpipe, also in order to melt ice; Salty frozen water in the ice releases from the ice crystal gap gradually, flows into lower storage reservoir through drainage hole; Afterwards, ice sheet melts gradually, and kickboard is descended by the compressing of spring gradually, and stopper also descends thereupon; When ice sheet is thinned to a certain degree through thawing, and the salinity of the salty frozen water of discharging is less than after 1 ‰, and stopper is blocked drainage hole fully by conducting oneself with dignity, and the ice in the upper storage reservoir continues to melt, and turns to fresh water;

On the other hand, sunlight heats facing the wind pipe, the standpipe of black, and extraneous air-flow enters into lower storage reservoir after facing the wind pipe and standpipe are heated, the moisture evaporation that the wet cloth on the floating plate in the lower storage reservoir is rolled into a ball; Because air flow stream is crossed the wind eaves, flow velocity is accelerated, pressure reduces, the water vapor that evaporates in the lower storage reservoir is sucked rising through extraction pipe, the radiator element of a part of water vapor wherein under the wind eaves flows out, another part water vapor contact heat spreader is caught a cold, and condenses into water droplet and falls into the distillation ditch, drops in the upper storage reservoir through the distillation water pipe;

Ice in upper storage reservoir all turns to fresh water;

Second step: take out the fresh water in the upper storage reservoir; Concentrated seawater in the lower storage reservoir is also taken out, and clean lower storage reservoir with seawater; The drainage hole of prosopyle in the floating plate and upper storage reservoir is blocked; And sealing standpipe and extraction pipe, enter solar distilling seawater operation:

Add seawater in upper storage reservoir, close canopy lid, sunlight sees through the printing opacity canopy, and the seawater in the heating upper storage reservoir makes evaporation of seawater, and its water vapor rises, and meets coldly on the printing opacity canopy, condenses into water droplet, drops down along the inclined-plane of canopy, falls into the distillation tank, flows into lower storage reservoir through the distillation water channel; When the seawater of upper storage reservoir is concentrated to a certain degree, take out concentrated seawater, also take out the distilled water in the lower storage reservoir; In upper storage reservoir, add seawater again, again distillation;

In 1 year, first step carries out in the winter time, carries out the solar distilling seawater operation in second step all the other seasons.

The utility model characteristics and beneficial effect compared with prior art is:

One, sea water desalinating plant of the present utility model can float across the sea, does not take land resources.

Two, because apparatus of the present invention can be produced fresh water with the method for freezing in the winter time, its fresh water aquifer yield in the winter time is higher than the device of existing simple dependence solar radiation distillation seawater.This be because ice heat of fusion be 334.4KJ/kg, only be water vaporization heat (water is 2257.2 KJ/kg in the time of 100 ℃) 1/7, so institute's energy requirement of cold method desalting process itself is more much lower than distillation method.

Three, the action in the utility model device is covered closure etc. such as the son of drawing the cork with canopy, all relies on natural force, does not need power set, does not consume electric power, does not also need manpower.

Four, the utility model advantage in seawater zone: A that can freely select to berth makes fresh water in high-quality seawater zone.B freezes in cold area, becomes fresh water yet move to warm regional ice-melt.C is as the equipment of carrying fresh water.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with figure and embodiment the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional view of the utility model device inside.

Fig. 2 is the C partial enlarged view among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional view after the utility model device is loaded onto printing opacity canopy 4.

Printing opacity canopy among Fig. 4 Fig. 3 is covered the synoptic diagram behind the canopy lid 42.

Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view among Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the user mode reference drawing of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the B partial enlarged view among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the schematic perspective view of floating plate.

Embodiment

(seeing Fig. 5 and Fig. 6) device of the present utility model mainly comprises the hull 1 that can float in water, set gradually lower storage reservoir 2, upper storage reservoir 3, printing opacity canopy 4 in the hull; At the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond, establish a drainage hole 31 and be communicated with lower storage reservoir; Upper storage reservoir top is provided with distillation tank 32, and the distillation tank is communicated with lower storage reservoir by distillation water channel 33; An anchor ring 11 is fixed in the hull bottom, and anchor ring can connection cable 12 and anchor (figure does not go out), can make hull be docked in a certain marine site like this, particularly can be docked in the zone of high-quality seawater.

Be provided with occluding mechanism in the upper storage reservoir 3, occluding mechanism comprises spring 34, kickboard 35, stay cord 36, the stopper 37 that links to each other successively, and an end of its medi-spring is fixed on upper storage reservoir, and the other end is pressed on the kickboard; Stopper is blocked drainage hole by deadweight, and when kickboard overcame spring force and makes progress, by soft stay cord, the pull-up stopper broke away from drainage hole;

Printing opacity canopy 4 is provided with ventilation opening 41 and canopy lid 42(sees Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), the canopy lid can move and the enclosed ventilation mouth, and upper storage reservoir is isolated from the outside;

Be provided with the floating plate 21(that can in water, float in the lower storage reservoir 2 and see Fig. 5-Fig. 8), be provided with a plurality of wet cloth group 22 in the floating plate.The purpose that floating plate and wet cloth group is set is: because gas velocity, evaporation area and temperature are depended in the evaporation of moisture.(floating plate can adopt thermal insulation material preferably in the water isolation in water base this pond, up and down in the floating plate, wherein only a prosopyle 23 connects with water in the lower storage reservoir), from painted black manage down with the wind 53 and the warm air that enters of standpipe 51 only need heat water on the floating plate, have and utilize the temperature that improves this sub-fraction water; The kapillary of the single in the wet cloth group can be transported to the shallow water on the floating plate surface of wet cloth group, and the surface-area of many wet cloth groups is greater than the area of plane of floating plate in the floating plate, and Here it is has increased evaporation area.(after guaranteeing the wet cloth of floating plate carrying group, still can float in the water, can adopt on floating plate the fixedly method of floating drum, perhaps adopt buoyancy preferably material make floating plate).When floating plate floated in water, the prosopyle 23 of water from floating plate entered floating plate, made wet cloth roll into a ball at least a portion and soaked in water; Be provided with pulley 25 and stay cord 26 in the pulley groove 24 of floating plate 21 bottoms and lower storage reservoir, an end of stay cord 26 is fixed in the pulley groove 24 of lower storage reservoir, and the other end links to each other with canopy lid 42, when floating plate floats in water, by pulley 25, pulling stay cord 26 moves and enclosed ventilation mouth 41 canopy lid 42;

Upper storage reservoir 3 is provided with admission gear and air-releasing mechanism, described admission gear comprise painted black standpipe 51, contain wind rudder 52 manage 53 and can rotate and seal the shrouding 54 of standpipe down with the wind.Its apoplexy rudder 52 can make rotary facing the wind the mouth of pipe all the time facing the wind to.One end of standpipe puts in lower storage reservoir 2, the other end be equipped with contain the wind rudder manage 53 and stretch out printing opacity canopy outer 4 down with the wind; Described air-releasing mechanism comprises extraction pipe 71, radiator element 72, wind eaves 73, distillation water pipe 74 and can rotate and seal the shrouding 75 of extraction pipe, one end of extraction pipe puts in lower storage reservoir, the other end is communicated with radiator element and stretches out outside the printing opacity canopy, the first radiator element 76(wherein sees Fig. 7) and wind eaves 73 be provided with distillation ditch 77, the distillation ditch connects the distillation water pipe 74 be positioned at upper storage reservoir top; Air-flow enters from the pipe that facings the wind of admission gear, through lower storage reservoir, flows out from the gap between the radiator element of air-releasing mechanism;

Be provided with the ventpipe 61(that is fixed on admission gear's standpipe in the upper storage reservoir and see Fig. 6), an end of ventpipe is higher than distillation tank 32, and the other end is higher than at the bottom of upper storage reservoir 3 ponds;

Use said apparatus and make the step of fresh water:

First step: be lower than time below 0 ℃ closing on temperature, remove canopy lid 42, expose ventilation opening 41, and in upper storage reservoir 3, add seawater (using the water pump operation usually), the height of seawater to the lower plane of kickboard 35 (see figure 5) that is as the criterion.Be lower than time below 0 ℃ at temperature, the seawater in the upper storage reservoir freezes in freezing air, and (when freezing, the salt in the seawater can be discharged from outside ice crystal.But still have some salts to have little time to discharge the ice sheet that freezes rapidly, when these some salts need that ice sheet begins to melt afterwards, at first discharge ice sheet with the water that melts the slit between ice crystal).When ice is tied certain thickness, expand owing to ice body is long-pending, promote kickboard 35, overcome spring force upwards, by soft stay cord 36, stopper 37 is pulled up, the seawater of Jie Binging is not seen Fig. 6 from drainage hole 31 inflow lower storage reservoir 2();

Floating plate 21 floats in the seawater that lower storage reservoir 2 does not freeze, and it canopy lid 42 is moved and enclosed ventilation mouth 41, so that upper storage reservoir 3 is isolated from the outside by pulley 25 pulling stay cords 26;

(see figure 6) sunlight sees through printing opacity canopy 4, and the air in the heating printing opacity canopy is in order to melt ice; Because the warm air in the hot pressing effect, canopy flows into the ice sheet bottom through ventpipe 61, also in order to melt ice; Salty frozen water in the ice releases from the ice crystal gap gradually, flows into lower storage reservoir 2 through drainage hole 31; Afterwards, ice sheet melts gradually, and kickboard 35 is descended by the compressing of spring 34 gradually, and stopper 37 also descends thereupon;

When ice sheet is thinned to a certain degree through thawing, particularly the salinity of the salty frozen water of discharging when the time comes is less than after 1 ‰ (the saliferous standards of fresh water), stopper is blocked drainage hole fully by deadweight, and (this operating mode can be determined by the length of adjusting stay cord 36, after the salty frozen water salinity of discharging is less than 1 ‰, guarantee that the length of stay cord 36 can allow stopper block drainage hole 31.The length of stay cord can keep permanent use after once determining) ice in the upper storage reservoir continues to melt, and turns to fresh water;

On the other hand, sunlight heating black manage 53 down with the wind, standpipe 51, extraneous air-flow enters into lower storage reservoir after facing the wind pipe and standpipe are heated, make wet cloth on the floating plate 21 in the lower storage reservoir roll into a ball 22 moisture evaporation; Because air flow stream is crossed wind eaves 73, flow velocity is accelerated, pressure reduces, the water vapor of evaporation is sucked rising through extraction pipe 71 in the lower storage reservoir 2, the radiator element 72 of a part of water vapor wherein under the wind eaves flows out (see figure 7), another part water vapor contact heat spreader is caught a cold, and condenses into water droplet and falls into distillation ditch 77, drops in the upper storage reservoir 3 through distillation water pipe 74;

Ice in upper storage reservoir all turns to fresh water;

Second step: take out the fresh water in the upper storage reservoir 3; Concentrated seawater in the lower storage reservoir 2 is also taken out, pump into the seawater flushing lower storage reservoir afterwards one time, remain in down salinity on the pool wall with dilution.Pump the seawater of this flushing then; The drainage hole 31 of prosopyle in the floating plate 21 23 and upper storage reservoir is blocked; And the rotation shrouding, sealing standpipe 51 and extraction pipe 71 enter solar distilling seawater operation:

Add seawater in upper storage reservoir 3, close canopy lid 42, sunlight sees through printing opacity canopy 4, (in fact upper storage reservoir becomes a traditional solar energy sea water distiller to seawater in the heating upper storage reservoir, the upper storage reservoir pool wall can be established thermal insulation layer insulation, and surperficial blacking is beneficial to heat absorption) make evaporation of seawater, water vapor rises; Because printing opacity canopy heat absorption itself is few, temperature is lower than warm water in the pond, water vapor is met cold on printing opacity canopy 4, condense into water droplet, inclined-plane along the printing opacity canopy drops down, and falls into distillation tank 32, flows in the distilled water of lower storage reservoir 2(floating plate 21 at lower storage reservoir through distillation water channel 33 and floats, because prosopyle 23 is plugged, wet cloth is rolled into a ball 22 and is no longer contacted with distilled water).Though the distilled water in the lower storage reservoir can be sneaked into seawater salinity residual in the lower storage reservoir, as long as this salinity does not surpass the salinity standard of fresh water.

When the seawater of upper storage reservoir is concentrated to a certain degree, take out concentrated seawater, also take out the distilled water in the lower storage reservoir; In upper storage reservoir, add seawater again, again distillation;

Claims

1. one kind is provided with afloat solar energy sea water desalination apparatus, it is characterized in that it comprises the hull that can float in water, sets gradually lower storage reservoir, upper storage reservoir, printing opacity canopy in the hull; At the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond, establish a drainage hole and be communicated with lower storage reservoir; Upper storage reservoir top is provided with the distillation tank, and the distillation tank is communicated with lower storage reservoir by the distillation water channel;

Be provided with the ventpipe that is fixed on admission gear's standpipe in the described upper storage reservoir, an end of ventpipe is higher than the distillation tank, and the other end is higher than at the bottom of the upper storage reservoir pond.