CN201817985U - Photovoltaic array air cooling system integrated with building roofing - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic square array air-cooling system integrated with building roofs and applied in buildings. After the existing photovoltaic array is integrated with the building roof, the temperature of the photovoltaic array will inevitably rise, which directly affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system. The utility model is characterized in that it includes a waterproof corrugated tile laid on the insulation layer of the inclined roof of the building, a bracket connected with the roof structure layer is arranged above the waterproof corrugated tile; a photovoltaic square array is laid on the top surface of the bracket, A space is formed between the waterproof corrugated tile and the photovoltaic square array. The front and rear sides of the space are sealed. An air duct is formed between the photovoltaic square array and the waterproof corrugated tile. There is a draft outlet at the road. The utility model improves the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, and at the same time partially recovers the waste heat of photovoltaic power generation, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy, reducing roof temperature and energy consumption.

Description

A photovoltaic array air cooling system integrated with building roof

technical field

The utility model relates to the fields of building energy saving and renewable energy utilization, in particular to a photovoltaic square array air cooling system integrated with building roofs used in new buildings or existing buildings.

Background technique

In recent years, with the increasing shortage of conventional energy and the increasing environmental pollution, the world has paid more and more attention to the utilization of clean and renewable energy. With the photovoltaic array (which is a solar panel composed of multiple solar cells, also known as solar energy With the continuous improvement of the manufacturing process of battery arrays or photovoltaic modules), the price of photovoltaic arrays continues to decline, and the subsidies of various countries in the world are still strengthening. Under this background, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation systems has become a research to promote the application of photovoltaic power generation systems The essential. Under standard conditions (radiation intensity of AM1.5 solar spectrum 1000W/m ² , battery temperature 25°C), the photoelectric conversion rate of the photovoltaic array is 8% to 17%, and more than 80% of the solar energy has not been utilized, and photovoltaic The temperature of the square array has a great influence on its power generation efficiency. Theoretical research shows that the maximum theoretical conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is 30% at 0°C. Under the condition of a certain light intensity, when the temperature of the silicon cell itself increases, its output power will decrease. According to relevant literature research, the conversion rate of the silicon cell itself will decrease by about 1% when the temperature of the silicon cell itself increases by 1 °C, while the photovoltaic array and After the building roof is integrated, it will inevitably cause the temperature of the photovoltaic array to rise, which directly affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation system.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic square array air-cooling system integrated with the building roof, which uses the roof air-cooling system of the utility model to reduce the The temperature of the photovoltaic array itself improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and at the same time reduces the roof surface temperature in summer and reduces the energy consumption of air conditioning; in winter, the hot air recovered by mechanical ventilation is directly used for heating and fresh air for buildings.

For this reason, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a photovoltaic square array air-cooling system integrated with the building roof, which is formed by the following steps.

1) Lay waterproof corrugated tiles on the insulation layer of the inclined roof of the building to solve the problems of roof waterproofing, leakage of rainwater or discharge of condensed water on the lower surface of the photovoltaic array. A bracket connected to the roof structure layer is provided above the waterproof corrugated tiles , the support is a metal support or a concrete support.

2) Lay the photovoltaic square array on the top surface of the support, form a space between the waterproof corrugated tile and the photovoltaic square, and seal the front and rear sides of the space, so that an air duct is formed between the photovoltaic square and the waterproof corrugated tile , there is an air inlet under the air duct, and an air outlet is provided at the air duct at the ridge of the roof. In spring, summer and autumn, the air entering the air duct and the lower surface of the photovoltaic array perform convective heat exchange, using thermal pressure to form a natural Pull out the wind to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic array itself; there is a mechanical exhaust pipe on the bracket near the roof ridge, and use mechanical equipment to extract the air in the air duct in winter to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic array itself, and at the same time, the extracted hot air is Indoor heating.

As a further improvement and supplement to the above-mentioned technical solution, the utility model adopts the following technical measures:

In the above-mentioned photovoltaic array air-cooling system, the photovoltaic array is usually arranged on a south-facing sloping roof to make full use of solar energy; it can also be arranged on a north-facing sloping roof, where the solar energy utilization rate is relatively low.

In the above-mentioned photovoltaic array air-cooling system, the bracket at the ridge is higher than the brackets on both sides, the air outlets are opened on both sides of the raised part, and waterproof plastic tape is pasted on the waterproof corrugated tile at the ridge to increase waterproof performance. The wind pulling effect is the best when the air outlet is opened on the side, because the wind is often blown sideways, and the convective heat transfer speed is fast, which can quickly reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic array itself.

In the photovoltaic array air-cooling system mentioned above, anti-bird grilles are installed at the air inlet of the air duct and the air outlet of the roof ridge to prevent birds from entering the air duct.

In the above-mentioned photovoltaic square array air-cooling system, the metal bracket is firmly connected to the upper ends of multiple fixed anchor bolts, and the lower ends of the fixed anchor bolts pass through the waterproof corrugated tiles, the roof insulation layer and the roof leveling layer in turn and are fixed on the reinforced concrete roof. Fixed anchors fix the metal brackets on the roof; the concrete brackets are poured directly on the roof screed.

In the photovoltaic array air-cooling system mentioned above, aluminum foil is pasted on the back of the photovoltaic array. Using the characteristics of good heat transfer effect of aluminum foil, the convective heat exchange between the ventilation air and the photovoltaic array can be enhanced to achieve the purpose of rapid cooling.

In the photovoltaic square array air-cooling system mentioned above, there are many small through holes or openings on the pipe wall of the mechanical exhaust pipe, and the air in the air duct enters the mechanical exhaust pipe through the small through holes or openings. By setting the number of small through holes or openings , spacing to control the air intake and achieve the purpose of uniform ventilation.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1) The photovoltaic power generation system built on the roof can obtain more abundant solar energy resources than the wall surface, and increase the photovoltaic power generation capacity; 2) The use of waterproof corrugated tiles can ensure the waterproof and drainage of the roof For roof laying, the wave space of corrugated tiles can use heat pressure to achieve the effect of enhancing natural ventilation; 3) The use of aluminum foil can enhance the convective heat exchange between the ventilation air and the photovoltaic square array to achieve the purpose of further cooling; 4) Photovoltaic square array The working conditions of the roof air cooling system are divided into two types: natural draft and mechanical draft. In spring, summer and autumn, due to the strong external solar radiation, the power generation of photovoltaic panels is relatively large, and the temperature of the panels is also high. At this time, heat pressure can be used for natural ventilation. In winter, fans are used for mechanical ventilation to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic array. At the same time, the hot air obtained is directly used by the building as heating and fresh air; 5) the utility model improves the photovoltaic power generation. At the same time, the waste heat of photovoltaic power generation is partially recovered, which achieves the purpose of improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy, reducing roof temperature and energy consumption.

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the description.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

As shown in the figure, the photovoltaic square array air-cooling system integrated with the building roof, the waterproof corrugated tile 2 is laid on the insulation layer 1 of the inclined roof of the building, and the metal bracket 3 is arranged on the top of the waterproof corrugated tile 2, and the top surface of the metal bracket 3 The photovoltaic square array 4 is laid, and aluminum foil is pasted on the back thereof. Most of the photovoltaic array 4 is located on the south-facing sloping roof, and a small part is located on the north-facing sloping roof; a space is formed between the waterproof corrugated tile and the photovoltaic array, and the front and rear sides of the space are Sealing, so that an air duct 5 is formed between the photovoltaic square array 4 and the waterproof corrugated tile 2. There is an air inlet 51 under the air duct. The metal bracket at the ridge is higher than the metal brackets on both sides, and there are The air outlet 52, in spring, summer and autumn, the air entering the air duct conducts convective heat exchange with the lower surface of the photovoltaic array, using thermal pressure to form a natural exhaust wind, reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic array itself. A mechanical exhaust pipe 6 is provided on the metal bracket near the roof ridge. There are many small through holes on the wall of the mechanical exhaust pipe. In winter, mechanical equipment is used to extract the air in the air duct to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic array itself. At the same time, the extracted hot air is used for indoor heating.

A waterproof plastic tape 7 is pasted on the waterproof corrugated tile at the ridge, and an anti-bird grille 8 is provided at the air inlet of the air duct and the tuyere of the ridge. The metal bracket 3 is firmly connected to the upper ends of a plurality of fixed anchor bolts 9, and the lower ends of the fixed anchor bolts 9 pass through the waterproof corrugated tile 2, the roof insulation layer 1 and the roof leveling layer 10 in turn and are fixed on the reinforced concrete roof 11. Bolts secure the metal brackets to the roof.

The above are only the technical means for realizing the utility model and the embodiment of the application of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the technical solution and application of the utility model in any form. All simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above technical means and implementation methods based on the technical essence of the utility model fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A photovoltaic phalanx air-cooling system integrated with building roof, characterized in that it comprises waterproof corrugated tiles (2) laid on the sloped roof insulation layer (1) of buildings, said waterproof corrugated tiles (2) A bracket is provided above the top of the bracket, and the bracket is a metal bracket (3) or a concrete bracket; a photovoltaic array (4) is laid on the top surface of the bracket, and a space is formed between the waterproof corrugated tile of the inclined roof and the photovoltaic array. The front and rear sides of the roof are sealed, an air duct (5) is formed between the photovoltaic array (4) and the waterproof corrugated tile (2), and an air inlet (51) is opened below the air duct (5). A tuyere (52) is provided at the road, and a mechanical exhaust pipe (6) is provided on the support near the roof ridge. 2. The photovoltaic array air-cooled system according to claim 1, characterized in that the support at the ridge is higher than the supports on both sides, and the air outlet (52) is opened on both sides of the raised part, and the support at the ridge is Paste the waterproof plastic tape (7) on the waterproof corrugated tile. 3. The photovoltaic array air-cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that an anti-bird grille (8) is provided at the air inlet of the air duct and at the air outlet of the roof ridge. 4. The photovoltaic array air-cooled system according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper ends of the metal brackets (3) and a plurality of fixed anchor bolts (9) are affixed, and the lower ends of the fixed anchor bolts (9) are sequentially After passing through the waterproof corrugated tile (2), the roof insulation layer (1) and the roof leveling layer (10), it is fixed on the reinforced concrete roof (11), and the metal bracket is fixed on the roof by fixing anchor bolts. 5. The photovoltaic array air-cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that said concrete support is directly poured on the roof leveling layer (10). 6. The photovoltaic array air-cooling system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that aluminum foil is pasted on the back of the photovoltaic array. 7. The photovoltaic array air cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that there are a plurality of small through holes or openings on the wall of the mechanical exhaust pipe.

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