CN104154619A - Method for driving natural ventilation air conditioning system of building hollow structure to conduct ventilation by solar energy - Google Patents
Method for driving natural ventilation air conditioning system of building hollow structure to conduct ventilation by solar energy Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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Abstract
建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法。太阳能来减少不可再生能源消耗的应用广泛，对开窗受限制的高层建筑，应用该资源困难很大。本发明组成包括：热水环路（1）、冷水环路（2），所述的热水环路包括太阳能热水器（3），所述的太阳能热水器置于建筑物屋顶，所述的太阳能热水器一端通过供热管道与热水泵（11）连接，所述的热水泵两端与供热管道连接，所述的供热管道另一端与末端空调控制系统（9）连接，所述的末端空调控制系统内安装盘管（10），所述的末端空调控制系统还与所述的太阳能热水器的另一端连接，所述的末端空调控制系统安装在建筑物室内靠近地面的墙体上。本发明用于建筑空心结构自然通风系统。
Ventilation methods for solar-powered natural ventilation air-conditioning systems for building hollow structures. Solar energy is widely used to reduce non-renewable energy consumption, but it is very difficult to apply this resource to high-rise buildings with limited window openings. The composition of the present invention includes: a hot water loop (1), a cold water loop (2), the hot water loop includes a solar water heater (3), the solar water heater is placed on the roof of a building, and the solar water heater One end is connected to the hot water pump (11) through a heating pipeline, the two ends of the hot water pump are connected to the heating pipeline, the other end of the heating pipeline is connected to the terminal air conditioning control system (9), and the terminal air conditioning control A coil (10) is installed in the system, and the terminal air-conditioning control system is also connected to the other end of the solar water heater, and the terminal air-conditioning control system is installed on a wall close to the ground in the building. The invention is used for the natural ventilation system of the building hollow structure.
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明涉及一种建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法。The invention relates to a ventilation method for a solar-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system of a building hollow structure.
背景技术：Background technique:
目前使用太阳能来减少不可再生能源的消耗的应用很广泛，但对于开窗受限制的高层和超高层建筑来说，应用该资源困难很大。太阳能是人类赖以生存的清洁能源，应用太阳能可以减少不可再生能源的消耗，同时减少碳排放，降低温室效应的影响。国际能源署(IEA)发布《世界能源展望2013》报告称2035年，以风能和太阳能光伏为主的间歇式供电占比45%。对可再生能源减排潜力的系统研究表明，太阳能光热光伏应用和太阳能对建筑碳减排的贡献，从2010～2030年，可达到1-5TtC/a～15-30 TtC/a。At present, the use of solar energy to reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy is widely used, but for high-rise and super high-rise buildings with limited window opening, it is very difficult to apply this resource. Solar energy is a clean energy source for human survival. The application of solar energy can reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy, reduce carbon emissions, and reduce the impact of the greenhouse effect. According to the "World Energy Outlook 2013" report released by the International Energy Agency (IEA), by 2035, intermittent power supply dominated by wind energy and solar photovoltaics will account for 45%. A systematic study on the emission reduction potential of renewable energy shows that the contribution of solar thermal photovoltaic application and solar energy to building carbon emission reduction can reach 1-5TtC/a~15-30TtC/a from 2010 to 2030.
将太阳能用于建筑自然通风的研究目前正在不断地开发研究与应用，自然通风是一种节能、可改善室内热舒适性和提高室内空气品质的绿色技术措施，自然通风在实现原理上有利用风压、利用热压、风压与热压相结合等几种形式，现代人类对自然通风的利用是综合利用室内外条件来实现，如根据建筑周围环境、建筑布局、建筑构造、太阳辐射、气候、室内热源等，来组织和诱导自然通风。同时，在建筑构造上，通过中庭、双层幕墙、门窗、屋顶等构件的优化设计，来实现良好的自然通风效果。各种自然通风技术中，双层玻璃幕墙是一种较为先进的技术，对于开窗受限制的高层和超高层建筑来说，该技术是一种量身定做的节能措施，双层玻璃幕墙的双层玻璃之间留有较大的空间，常被称为“呼吸幕墙”。在冬季，双层玻璃层间形成阳光温室，提高建筑围护结构表面温度；在夏季，可利用烟囱效应在层内通风。气流模拟结果表明，该结构可大大减少建筑冷负荷，提高自然通风效率。张慧敏对建筑中庭中和面进行分析，认为随着天窗面积的增大，中庭和中性面高度随之升高，但是避免不了在建筑中设置中庭以及天窗。Matthew Herman的团队还探索一种结合了太阳能辅助的烟囱效应和智能幕墙结构的自然通风技术。The research on using solar energy for building natural ventilation is currently being continuously developed, researched and applied. Natural ventilation is a green technical measure that can save energy, improve indoor thermal comfort and improve indoor air quality. The principle of natural ventilation is to use wind The use of natural ventilation by modern humans is realized by comprehensively utilizing indoor and outdoor conditions, such as according to the surrounding environment of the building, building layout, building structure, solar radiation, climate, etc. , indoor heat sources, etc., to organize and induce natural ventilation. At the same time, in terms of building structure, good natural ventilation is achieved through the optimized design of the atrium, double-layer curtain wall, doors, windows, roof and other components. Among various natural ventilation technologies, double-layer glass curtain wall is a relatively advanced technology. For high-rise and super high-rise buildings with limited window openings, this technology is a tailor-made energy-saving measure. Double-layer glass curtain wall There is a large space between the double glazing, which is often called a "breathing curtain wall". In winter, a solar greenhouse is formed between the double-layer glass layers to increase the surface temperature of the building envelope; in summer, the chimney effect can be used to ventilate the layers. The airflow simulation results show that the structure can greatly reduce the building cooling load and improve the efficiency of natural ventilation. Zhang Huimin analyzed the neutral surface of the atrium of the building and believed that with the increase of the area of the skylight, the height of the atrium and the neutral surface will increase accordingly, but it is inevitable to set the atrium and the skylight in the building. Matthew Herman's team is also exploring a natural ventilation technology that combines solar-assisted chimney effects and smart curtain wall structures.
在能源紧缺与环境恶化的双重压力下，建筑空气调节依然拥有其不可替代的重要性，然而据统计空调能耗占建筑能耗的30%，且空调能耗的比重逐年加大，常规中央空调能耗大，对环境影响大，急需寻找一种新型的空气调节方式替代常规空调，来缓解能耗与环境的压力。Under the dual pressure of energy shortage and environmental deterioration, building air conditioning still has its irreplaceable importance. However, according to statistics, air conditioning energy consumption accounts for 30% of building energy consumption, and the proportion of air conditioning energy consumption is increasing year by year. Conventional central air conditioning It consumes a lot of energy and has a great impact on the environment. It is urgent to find a new air-conditioning method to replace conventional air-conditioning to alleviate the pressure on energy consumption and the environment.
在空心砖建筑的工程应用中，空心砖有着节省材料，砌筑效率高，保温隔热和透气性能好等等，作为新的墙体材料，国内外的研究人员对各种空心砖砌体做过很多试验，其中对空心砖的轴心抗压强度的实验表明空心砖砌体的轴心抗压强度等于或略高于同标号实心砖的砌体。原因是空心砖的尺寸一般比较大，比实心砖厚，在尺寸相同的抗压试件中，空心砖试件的灰缝少，灰缝对试件强度的影响比对实心砖的影响小。因此空心砖砌体抗压强度要高于实心砖；对空心砖砌体的抗剪强度的研究表明其抗剪强度等于或略高于实心砖砌体抗剪强度。这是因为空心砖的表面一般比实心砖要粗糙，和砂浆结合的更为紧密，而且空心砖砌体中的砂浆进人空心砖空洞中，形成插人空心砖的销键，使得空心砖砌体的抗剪强度提高，德国的G.SCHELLBACH认为：当孔洞率不超过35%时，空心砖墙体强度较高，但一旦孔洞率达到40%～ 55%时，空心砖墙体的强度将降低。In the engineering application of hollow brick buildings, hollow bricks have the advantages of material saving, high masonry efficiency, good thermal insulation and air permeability, etc. As a new wall material, researchers at home and abroad have done many experiments on various hollow brick masonry , where the experiment on the axial compressive strength of hollow bricks shows that the axial compressive strength of hollow brick masonry is equal to or slightly higher than that of solid brick masonry with the same label. The reason is that the size of the hollow brick is generally larger and thicker than that of the solid brick. Among the compression test pieces of the same size, the mortar joint of the hollow brick test piece is less, and the influence of the mortar joint on the strength of the test piece is smaller than that of the solid brick. Therefore, the compressive strength of hollow brick masonry is higher than that of solid brick; the research on the shear strength of hollow brick masonry shows that its shear strength is equal to or slightly higher than that of solid brick masonry. This is because the surface of the hollow brick is generally rougher than that of the solid brick, and it is more tightly combined with the mortar, and the mortar in the hollow brick masonry enters the cavity of the hollow brick to form a pin key inserted into the hollow brick, which makes the shear strength of the hollow brick masonry Improve, Germany's G.SCHELLBACH believes that: when the porosity does not exceed 35%, the strength of the hollow brick wall is high, but once the porosity reaches 40% to 55%, the strength of the hollow brick wall will decrease.
基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统设计研究意义重大，在光伏建筑一体化的研究基础上，结合自然通风烟囱效应热压理论，利用建筑空心结构的空气间层作为通风通道，节能、节材；选用清洁的太阳能作为驱动能源，降低常规能源CO2及其它污染物的排放量。整套系统可以替代空调机组的运行，提高室内空气品质及热舒适性，降低空调能耗及碳排放。The design and research of solar-driven multifunctional natural ventilation and air-conditioning system based on building hollow structure is of great significance. Based on the research of photovoltaic building integration, combined with the theory of natural ventilation chimney effect and thermal pressure, the air space of the building hollow structure is used as a ventilation channel to save energy. , Material saving; clean solar energy is used as the driving energy to reduce the emission of conventional energy CO2 and other pollutants. The whole system can replace the operation of air conditioning units, improve indoor air quality and thermal comfort, and reduce air conditioning energy consumption and carbon emissions.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的是提供一种建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of solar energy-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system ventilating method of building hollow structure
上述的目的通过以下的技术方案实现：Above-mentioned purpose realizes by following technical scheme:
一种基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，其组成包括：热水环路、冷水环路，所述的热水环路包括太阳能热水器，所述的太阳能热水器置于建筑物屋顶，所述的太阳能热水器一端通过供热管道与热水泵连接，所述的热水泵两端与供热管道连接，所述的供热管道另一端与末端空调控制系统连接，所述的末端空调控制系统内安装盘管，所述的末端空调控制系统还与所述的太阳能热水器的另一端连接，所述的末端空调控制系统安装在建筑物室内。A solar-driven multi-functional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on a hollow structure of a building, its composition includes: a hot water loop, a cold water loop, the hot water loop includes a solar water heater, and the solar water heater is placed on the roof of the building , one end of the solar water heater is connected to the hot water pump through a heating pipeline, the two ends of the hot water pump are connected to the heating pipeline, the other end of the heating pipeline is connected to the terminal air conditioning control system, and the terminal air conditioning control system A coil pipe is installed in the system, and the terminal air-conditioning control system is also connected to the other end of the solar water heater, and the terminal air-conditioning control system is installed indoors in the building.
所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的冷水环路包括贮水箱，所述的贮水箱置于建筑物屋顶，所述的贮水箱一端通过供冷管道与冷水泵连接，所述的冷水泵两端与供冷管道连接，所述的供冷管道与所述的供热管道连接，所述的供冷管道另一端与冷水盘管一端连接，所述的冷水盘管置于蒸发冷却通道内，所述的冷水盘管表面布置肋片，所述的冷水盘管另一端与所述的末端空调控制系统连接，所述的末端空调控制系统与所述的贮水箱的另一端连接，所述的冷水盘管上方安装喷淋设备，所述的喷淋设备通过喷淋管道与喷淋水泵连接，所述的喷淋水泵与喷淋水回收器连接，所述的喷淋设备向冷水盘管上方喷淋冷却水，所述的冷却水最终回收于喷淋水回收器内。In the solar-driven multi-functional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on building hollow structures, the cold water loop includes a water storage tank, the water storage tank is placed on the roof of the building, and one end of the water storage tank is connected to the cooling water supply through the cooling pipeline. The two ends of the cold water pump are connected to the cooling pipeline, the cooling pipeline is connected to the heating pipeline, the other end of the cooling pipeline is connected to the cold water coil, and the cold water The coil is placed in the evaporative cooling channel, the surface of the cold water coil is arranged with fins, the other end of the cold water coil is connected to the terminal air conditioning control system, and the terminal air conditioning control system is connected to the storage The other end of the water tank is connected, and spraying equipment is installed above the cold water coil, and the spraying equipment is connected to the spraying water pump through the spraying pipe, and the spraying water pump is connected to the spraying water recycler. The spray equipment sprays cooling water above the cold water coil, and the cooling water is finally recovered in the spray water recovery device.
所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的供热管道与所述的供冷管道并联，所述的供热管道与所述的供冷管道安装电子膨胀阀门，通过控制阀门来控制环路的开启，所述的供热管道与所述的供冷管道在所述的末端空调控制系统的入口处合并，在所述的末端空调控制系统的出口处分离，分别连接所述的太阳能热水器与所述的贮水箱。In the solar-driven multi-functional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on the building hollow structure, the heating pipeline is connected in parallel with the cooling pipeline, and an electronic expansion valve is installed on the heating pipeline and the cooling pipeline, The opening of the loop is controlled by controlling the valve, the heating pipeline and the cooling pipeline are merged at the entrance of the terminal air-conditioning control system, separated at the outlet of the terminal air-conditioning control system, respectively Connect the solar water heater with the water storage tank.
所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的末端空调控制系统外部装有U型通风通道，所述的U型通风通道一侧是蒸发冷却通道，所述的U型通风通道位于建筑空心结构中，所述的建筑空心结构即由空心砖内部空心间隙组成的空心通道，所述的U型通风通道由地部分和地下部分合并组成；所述的空心结构的建筑墙体为光伏电板建筑墙体，所述的光伏电板建筑墙体表面铺设太阳能光伏电池板，所述的太阳能光伏电池板表面铺设玻璃盖板，所述的玻璃盖板与所述的太阳能光伏电池板间隙内构成太阳能光伏电板空气间层，所述的太阳能光伏电板空气间层一侧与太阳能驱动的引风机连接，所述的太阳能光伏电板空气间层另一侧与U型通风通道连接。In the solar-driven multi-functional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on the building hollow structure, a U-shaped ventilation channel is installed outside the terminal air-conditioning control system, and one side of the U-shaped ventilation channel is an evaporative cooling channel. The U-shaped ventilation channel is located in the hollow structure of the building. The hollow structure of the building is a hollow channel composed of hollow spaces inside the hollow bricks. The U-shaped ventilation channel is composed of the ground part and the underground part; the building wall of the hollow structure The body is a photovoltaic panel building wall, the surface of the photovoltaic panel building wall is laid with solar photovoltaic panels, the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel is laid with a glass cover, and the glass cover and the solar photovoltaic The solar photovoltaic electric panel air interlayer is formed in the battery panel gap, one side of the solar photovoltaic electric panel air interlayer is connected with the induced draft fan driven by the solar energy, and the other side of the solar photovoltaic electric panel air interlayer is connected with the U-shaped ventilation channel connection.
所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的U型通风通道一侧顶端安装辅助风机，所述的U型通风通道另一侧顶端安装余热回收翅片换热器，所述的余热回收翅片换热器一端通过循环水路与余热回收循环水泵连接，所述的余热回收循环水泵的另一端与余热回收板式换热器连接，所述的余热回收板式换热器的一端与所述的热水环路的太阳能热水器及所述的冷水环路的贮水箱连接所构成的并联环路连接，所述的余热回收板式换热器的另一端与并联环路余热回收循环水泵连接，所述的并联环路余热回收循环水泵置于并联环路中；所述的U型通风通道在建筑物室内墙体上两处留洞，所述的留洞一个位于靠近地面的墙体上，一个位于靠近顶棚的墙体上，所述的靠近地面的墙体上的留洞安装末端空调控制系统，所述的靠近顶棚的墙体上的留洞安装排风口。In the solar-driven multifunctional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on the building hollow structure, an auxiliary fan is installed at the top of one side of the U-shaped ventilation channel, and a waste heat recovery fin heat exchanger is installed at the top of the other side of the U-shaped ventilation channel , one end of the waste heat recovery finned heat exchanger is connected to the waste heat recovery circulating water pump through a circulating water circuit, the other end of the waste heat recovery circulating water pump is connected to the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger, and the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger One end of the solar water heater of the hot water loop and the water storage tank of the cold water loop are connected to a parallel loop, and the other end of the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger is connected to the parallel loop waste heat recovery The circulating water pump is connected, and the parallel loop waste heat recovery circulating water pump is placed in the parallel loop; the U-shaped ventilation channel leaves two holes on the indoor wall of the building, and one of the holes is located near the ground On the wall, one is located on the wall near the ceiling, the hole on the wall near the ground is installed with the terminal air-conditioning control system, and the hole on the wall near the ceiling is installed with an air outlet.
一种利用所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，包括：风循环流程、蒸发冷却流程，余热回收风循环和太阳能光伏换热四大部分，其特征是：冬季运行时：阀门V1、V3、V4、V5、V18、V19、V20打开，其余阀门关闭，太阳能热水器加热的热水通过热水泵进入末端空调控制系统，吸收室内冷量后，温度降低，通过阀门V15、V18所在的管道回到所述的太阳能热水器中循环加热；夏季运行时，阀门V1、V3、V4、V5、V18、V19、V20关闭，其余阀门打开，贮水箱中的水通过冷水泵进入蒸发冷却通道内带肋片的冷水盘管中，被冷却的冷水进入末端空调控制系统吸收室内热量后，通过阀门V15、V21、V24管道回到贮水箱内循环冷却。A method for ventilation of a natural ventilation air-conditioning system driven by solar energy in a building hollow structure, comprising four parts: wind circulation process, evaporative cooling process, waste heat recovery wind circulation and solar photovoltaic heat exchange, characterized in that: during winter operation : Valves V1, V3, V4, V5, V18, V19, V20 are opened, other valves are closed, the hot water heated by the solar water heater enters the terminal air-conditioning control system through the hot water pump, after absorbing the indoor cold, the temperature drops, and through the valves V15, V18 The pipeline where it is located is returned to the solar water heater for circulation heating; during summer operation, valves V1, V3, V4, V5, V18, V19, and V20 are closed, and other valves are opened, and the water in the water storage tank enters the evaporative cooling channel through the cold water pump In the cold water coil with ribs inside, the cooled cold water enters the terminal air-conditioning control system to absorb the indoor heat, and returns to the water storage tank through the valves V15, V21, and V24 to circulate and cool.
所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，.所述的风循环流程是，太阳光辐射至所述的光伏电板建筑墙体表面发电带动所述的太阳能驱动的引风机向所述的光伏电板建筑墙体表面送风，空气与光伏电板表面对流换热，温度升高后被送往所述的U型通风通道中，使气流受烟囱效应作用，在所述的U型通风通道中流动的空气一部分并联通过所述的末端空调控制系统进入建筑物室内，气流组织形式为下送上排的置换通风，空气在室内完成热交换后由于浮升力携带污浊的空气通过所述的排风口排至所述的U型通风通道的另一端。另一部分空气在所述的U型通风通道内做动力循环。The solar energy-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system ventilation method of the hollow structure of the building, the wind circulation process is that the sunlight radiates to the surface of the building wall of the photovoltaic panel to generate power to drive the solar-driven induced draft fan Air is supplied to the surface of the photovoltaic panel building wall, and the air convects and exchanges heat with the surface of the photovoltaic panel. After the temperature rises, it is sent to the U-shaped ventilation channel, so that the airflow is affected by the chimney effect. Part of the air flowing in the U-shaped ventilation channel enters the building through the terminal air-conditioning control system in parallel, and the airflow is organized in the form of displacement ventilation from the bottom to the top. After the air completes heat exchange in the room, it carries dirty air due to buoyancy Exhaust to the other end of the U-shaped ventilation channel through the air outlet. Another part of air performs power circulation in the U-shaped ventilation channel.
所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，.所述的蒸发冷却流程是，所述的贮水箱的水通过阀门所在的所述的供冷管道进入所述的蒸发冷却通道内带有肋片的所述的冷水盘管，通过所述的喷淋设备在翅片表面喷淋水雾，所述的喷淋设备安装在所述的U型通风通道一侧，其内部有气流按照ABCD四个指示箭头进行流动，加速肋片上的水分蒸发，湿的肋片上的水分蒸发吸热，致使所述的冷水盘管内水温度降低，通过阀门V9进入所述的末端空调控制系统。The solar energy-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system ventilation method for the hollow structure of the building. The evaporative cooling process is that the water in the water storage tank enters the evaporative cooling channel through the cooling pipeline where the valve is located The cold water coil with fins inside sprays water mist on the surface of the fins through the spraying equipment. The spraying equipment is installed on the side of the U-shaped ventilation channel, and there are The airflow flows according to the four indicating arrows ABCD to accelerate the evaporation of water on the fins, and the water on the wet fins evaporates and absorbs heat, causing the temperature of the water in the cold water coil to drop, and enters the terminal air conditioning control system through the valve V9.
所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，.所述的余热回收风循环是，所述的U型通风通道的排风侧设置一台所述的翅片换热器做余热回收，以吸收从所述的U型通风通道排出的空气所携带的能量；余热回收水循环，所述的翅片换热器吸收所述的U型通风通道的空气余热，在所述的余热回收循环水泵的作用下，通过载热介质循环进入所述的余热回收板式换热器，在所述的并联环路循环水泵的作用下，载有余热回收能量的介质通过所述的并联环路阀门的控制进入所述的太阳能热水器或者所述的贮水箱，冬夏两季冷热源侧阀门开启控制为，夏季V27、V29、V30、V31打开，V28关闭，冬季V28、V29、V31打开，V27、 V30关闭。The solar energy-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system ventilation method of the hollow structure of the building, the waste heat recovery air circulation is that the exhaust side of the U-shaped ventilation channel is provided with a finned heat exchanger as described above. Waste heat recovery to absorb the energy carried by the air discharged from the U-shaped ventilation channel; waste heat recovery water circulation, the fin heat exchanger absorbs the air waste heat of the U-shaped ventilation channel, and the waste heat Under the action of the recovery circulating water pump, the heat-carrying medium circulates into the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger, and under the action of the parallel loop circulating water pump, the medium carrying waste heat recovery energy passes through the parallel loop The control of the valve enters the solar water heater or the water storage tank. The opening control of the valves on the cold and heat source side in winter and summer is that V27, V29, V30, and V31 are opened in summer, and V28 is closed. In winter, V28, V29, and V31 are opened, and V27 , V30 off.
所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，.所述的太阳能光伏换热是，太阳能光伏电板空气间层内空气和光伏电池板表面对流换热，温度升高后进入所述的U型通风通道，在烟囱效应的热压作用下，促使所述的U型通风通道内的空气循环；在所述的U型通风通道一端设置所述的辅助风机，以解决阴雨天及夜晚所述的U型通风通道内热压不足，烟囱效应不明显，自然通风空气调节效果差、系统无法运行的问题。The solar energy-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system ventilation method of the hollow structure of the building described above. The solar photovoltaic heat exchange is that the air in the air layer of the solar photovoltaic electric panel and the surface of the photovoltaic battery panel convectively exchange heat, and enter the air after the temperature rises. The U-shaped ventilation channel, under the thermal pressure of the chimney effect, promotes the air circulation in the U-shaped ventilation channel; the auxiliary fan is set at one end of the U-shaped ventilation channel to solve the problem of cloudy and rainy days. And the heat pressure in the U-shaped ventilation channel mentioned at night is insufficient, the chimney effect is not obvious, the natural ventilation air conditioning effect is poor, and the system cannot operate.
有益效果：Beneficial effect:
1.本发明将太阳能光伏光热技术用于建筑自然通风，自然通风是一种节能、可改善室内热舒适性和提高室内空气品质的绿色技术措施，自然通风在实现原理上利用风压、利用热压、风压与热压相结合的形式。1. The present invention uses solar photovoltaic photothermal technology for building natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is a green technical measure that saves energy, improves indoor thermal comfort and improves indoor air quality. The principle of natural ventilation utilizes wind pressure, utilization Combination of hot pressing, wind pressing and hot pressing.
本发明采用自然通风的利用是综合利用室内外条件来实现，如根据建筑周围环境、建筑布局、建筑构造、太阳辐射、气候、室内热源等，来组织和诱导自然通风，同时，在建筑构造上，通过建筑空心墙体结构、中庭、双层幕墙、门窗、屋顶等构件的优化设计，来实现良好的自然通风效果。The present invention adopts the utilization of natural ventilation to realize by comprehensive utilization of indoor and outdoor conditions, such as organizing and inducing natural ventilation according to the surrounding environment of the building, building layout, building structure, solar radiation, climate, indoor heat source, etc. At the same time, in the building structure , Through the optimized design of building hollow wall structure, atrium, double-layer curtain wall, doors, windows, roof and other components, to achieve good natural ventilation effect.
本发明在光伏建筑一体化的研究基础上，结合自然通风烟囱效应热压理论，利用建筑空心结构的空气间层作为通风通道，节能、节材；选用清洁的太阳能作为驱动能源，降低常规能源CO2及其它污染物的排放量，整套系统可以替代空调机组的运行，提高室内空气品质及热舒适性，降低空调能耗及碳排放。Based on the research of photovoltaic building integration, combined with the natural ventilation chimney effect thermal compression theory, the invention uses the air interlayer of the hollow structure of the building as a ventilation channel, which saves energy and materials; clean solar energy is used as the driving energy to reduce the conventional energy CO2 The entire system can replace the operation of air conditioning units, improve indoor air quality and thermal comfort, and reduce air conditioning energy consumption and carbon emissions.
本发明以建筑空心结构为自然通风通道，创造节材、节地、静音的人居环境，使建筑通风一体化。The invention uses the building hollow structure as a natural ventilation channel to create a material-saving, land-saving and quiet living environment, and integrate building ventilation.
本发明以太阳能为驱动能源产生“烟囱效应”，强化热压通风，使“烟囱效应”不受中性面的限制，提升中性面高度至建筑物顶层，避免高层建筑各楼层间出现通风效果良莠不齐，影响空气调节效果。The invention uses solar energy as the driving energy to generate the "chimney effect", strengthens the thermal pressure ventilation, makes the "chimney effect" not limited by the neutral plane, raises the height of the neutral plane to the top floor of the building, and avoids the ventilation effect between the floors of high-rise buildings The good and the bad are mixed, affecting the air conditioning effect.
本发明通过风、水系统对流换热，建立空调冷、热水环路，提供新风冷热源，通过太阳能光热作用为建筑提供空调热源，通过喷淋式蒸发冷却冷水系统内的冷水盘管表面的蒸发冷却作用为建筑提供空调冷源，通过调节通风量来满足建筑的冷暖需求，设置喷淋式蒸发冷却冷水系统，为夏季提供冷量，减少空调设备的使用，并逐步替代空调设备的应用，为大中型中央空调提供高效节能措施，节省空间、节约能源、降低碳排放。The invention establishes air-conditioning cold and hot water loops through the convective heat exchange of wind and water systems, provides fresh air cold and heat sources, provides air-conditioning heat sources for buildings through solar photothermal action, and cools the cold water coils in the cold water system through spray evaporation The evaporative cooling effect on the surface provides the air-conditioning cold source for the building. By adjusting the ventilation volume to meet the heating and cooling needs of the building, set up a spray-type evaporative cooling cold water system to provide cooling capacity in summer, reduce the use of air-conditioning equipment, and gradually replace the air-conditioning equipment. Application, providing high-efficiency and energy-saving measures for large and medium-sized central air conditioners, saving space, saving energy, and reducing carbon emissions.
本发明明确自然通风在建筑空气调节中的重要性，设计气流组织形式为下送上排式置换通风系统，通过空气的“浮升力”携带室内负荷及污浊空气排至室外，室内空气净化效率高，空调工况均匀。The present invention clarifies the importance of natural ventilation in building air conditioning, and designs the airflow organization form as a downward-sending and upward-displacement ventilation system, which carries indoor loads and dirty air to the outside through the "floating force" of the air, and has high indoor air purification efficiency , The air conditioner works evenly.
本发明在光伏电板上设置玻璃盖板，并利用光伏驱动引风机向空气间层内输送空气对流换热，一方面降低太阳能光伏电池板温度，提高发电效率，另一方面提升空气温度，制造热压差作用下的“烟囱效应”，降低机械通风的风机能耗。In the present invention, a glass cover plate is arranged on the photovoltaic electric panel, and the induced draft fan driven by the photovoltaic is used to transport air convection heat exchange into the air space layer, on the one hand, the temperature of the solar photovoltaic battery panel is reduced, and the power generation efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the air temperature is increased, making the The "chimney effect" under the action of thermal pressure difference reduces the fan energy consumption of mechanical ventilation.
本发明增设余热回收装置，通过余热回收翅片换热器及余热回收板式换热器将U型通风通道内可利热源回收至供热环路或供冷环路再利用。排风口节能效果明显，增设辅助运行设备，当U型通风通道内热压不能满足室内通风需求时保障系统在不利因素作用下的运行。In the present invention, a waste heat recovery device is added, and the heat source in the U-shaped ventilation channel is recovered to the heating loop or the cooling loop for reuse through the waste heat recovery fin heat exchanger and the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger. The energy-saving effect of the exhaust outlet is obvious, and auxiliary operation equipment is added to ensure the operation of the system under the influence of unfavorable factors when the heat pressure in the U-shaped ventilation channel cannot meet the indoor ventilation requirements.
本发明使用的空心砖有着节省材料，砌筑效率高，保温隔热和透气性能好等特点，作为新的墙体材料，对各种空心砖砌体做过很多试验，其中对空心砖的轴心抗压强度的实验表明空心砖砌体的轴心抗压强度等于或略高于同标号实心砖的砌体。原因是空心砖的尺寸一般比较大，比实心砖厚，在尺寸相同的抗压试件中，空心砖试件的灰缝少，灰缝对试件强度的影响比对实心砖的影响小。因此空心砖砌体抗压强度要高于实心砖；对空心砖砌体的抗剪强度的研究表明其抗剪强度等于或略高于实心砖砌体抗剪强度。这是因为空心砖的表面一般比实心砖要粗糙，和砂浆结合的更为紧密，而且空心砖砌体中的砂浆进人空心砖空洞中，形成插人空心砖的销键，使得空心砖砌体的抗剪强度提高，。The hollow brick used in the present invention has the characteristics of material saving, high masonry efficiency, good thermal insulation and air permeability, etc. As a new wall material, many tests have been done on various hollow brick masonry, among which the axial compression resistance of the hollow brick The strength experiment shows that the axial compressive strength of the hollow brick masonry is equal to or slightly higher than that of the solid brick masonry of the same label. The reason is that the size of the hollow brick is generally larger and thicker than that of the solid brick. Among the compression test pieces of the same size, the mortar joint of the hollow brick test piece is less, and the influence of the mortar joint on the strength of the test piece is smaller than that of the solid brick. Therefore, the compressive strength of hollow brick masonry is higher than that of solid brick; the research on the shear strength of hollow brick masonry shows that its shear strength is equal to or slightly higher than that of solid brick masonry. This is because the surface of the hollow brick is generally rougher than that of the solid brick, and it is more tightly combined with the mortar, and the mortar in the hollow brick masonry enters the cavity of the hollow brick to form a pin key inserted into the hollow brick, which makes the shear strength of the hollow brick masonry improve,.
本发明对建筑空心结构进行优化设计，对建筑空心结构的固有空间充分利用，节省建筑空间的同时能够增大墙体热阻，维持建筑负荷稳定，起到一定的墙体保温作用，减少了保温材料的使用，降低了建筑能耗。The invention optimizes the design of the hollow structure of the building, fully utilizes the inherent space of the hollow structure of the building, saves the building space, increases the thermal resistance of the wall, maintains the stability of the building load, plays a certain role of wall heat preservation, and reduces the heat preservation. The use of materials reduces building energy consumption.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
附图1是本发明自然通风空气调节系统水循环图。Accompanying drawing 1 is the water circulation figure of natural ventilation air-conditioning system of the present invention.
附图2是本发明自然通风空气调节系统风循环图。Accompanying drawing 2 is the air cycle diagram of the natural ventilation air conditioning system of the present invention.
附图3是本发明自然通风空气调节系统蒸发冷却式供冷原理图。Accompanying drawing 3 is the principle diagram of the evaporative cooling type cooling of the natural ventilation air conditioning system of the present invention.
附图4是本发明自然通风空气调节系统余热回收风循环图。Accompanying drawing 4 is the waste heat recovery air circulation diagram of the natural ventilation air conditioning system of the present invention.
附图5是本发明自然通风空气调节系统余热回收水循环图。Accompanying drawing 5 is the waste heat recovery water cycle diagram of the natural ventilation air conditioning system of the present invention.
附图6是本发明自然通风空气调节系统中太阳能光伏电板空气间层风循环图。Accompanying drawing 6 is a diagram of laminar wind circulation in the air space of the solar photovoltaic electric panel in the natural ventilation air-conditioning system of the present invention.
附图7是本发明带辅助设备的自然通风空气调节系统原理图Accompanying drawing 7 is the schematic diagram of the natural ventilation air conditioning system with auxiliary equipment of the present invention
图中：相同符号线路指引具有连接关系。In the figure: the same symbol line guides have a connection relationship.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
实施例1：Example 1:
一种基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，其组成包括：热水环路1、冷水环路2，所述的热水环路包括太阳能热水器3，所述的太阳能热水器置于建筑物屋顶，所述的太阳能热水器一端通过供热管道与热水泵11连接，所述的热水泵两端与供热管道连接，所述的供热管道另一端与末端空调控制系统9连接，所述的末端空调控制系统内安装盘管10，所述的末端空调控制系统还与所述的太阳能热水器的另一端连接，所述的末端空调控制系统安装在建筑物室内靠近地面的墙体上。如附图1所示。A solar-driven multifunctional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on a hollow structure of a building, its composition includes: a hot water loop 1, a cold water loop 2, the hot water loop includes a solar water heater 3, and the solar water heater is placed On the roof of the building, one end of the solar water heater is connected to the hot water pump 11 through a heating pipeline, both ends of the hot water pump are connected to the heating pipeline, and the other end of the heating pipeline is connected to the terminal air conditioning control system 9, so The coil pipe 10 is installed in the terminal air-conditioning control system, and the terminal air-conditioning control system is also connected to the other end of the solar water heater, and the terminal air-conditioning control system is installed on the wall near the ground in the building. As shown in Figure 1.
实施例2：Example 2:
根据实施例1所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的冷水环路包括贮水箱4，所述的贮水箱置于建筑物屋顶，所述的贮水箱一端通过供冷管道与冷水泵12连接，所述的冷水泵两端与供冷管道连接，所述的供冷管道与所述的供热管道连接，所述的供冷管道另一端与冷水盘管5一端连接，所述的冷水盘管置于蒸发冷却通道内，所述的冷水盘管表面布置肋片6，所述的冷水盘管另一端与所述的末端空调控制系统连接，所述的末端空调控制系统与所述的贮水箱的另一端连接，所述的冷水盘管上方安装喷淋设备7，所述的喷淋设备通过喷淋管道与喷淋水泵13连接，所述的喷淋水泵与喷淋水回收器8连接，所述的喷淋设备向冷水盘管上方喷淋冷却水，所述的冷却水最终回收于喷淋水回收器内。According to the solar energy-driven multifunctional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on building hollow structure described in embodiment 1, the described cold water loop includes a water storage tank 4, the described water storage tank is placed on the roof of the building, and one end of the described water storage tank passes through The cooling pipeline is connected to the cold water pump 12, the two ends of the cold water pump are connected to the cooling pipeline, the cooling pipeline is connected to the heating pipeline, and the other end of the cooling pipeline is connected to the cold water coil 5 One end is connected, the cold water coil is placed in the evaporative cooling channel, the surface of the cold water coil is arranged with ribs 6, the other end of the cold water coil is connected to the terminal air conditioning control system, and the end The air-conditioning control system is connected with the other end of the water storage tank, and a spraying device 7 is installed above the cold water coil, and the spraying device is connected with a spraying water pump 13 through a spraying pipeline, and the spraying water pump 13 Connected with the spray water recovery device 8, the spray equipment sprays cooling water above the cold water coil, and the cooling water is finally recovered in the spray water recovery device.
实施例3：Example 3:
根据实施例1或2所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的供热管道与所述的供冷管道并联，所述的供热管道与所述的供冷管道安装电子膨胀阀门V1-V26，通过控制阀门来控制环路的开启，所述的供热管道与所述的供冷管道在所述的末端空调控制系统的入口处合并，在所述的末端空调控制系统的出口处分离，分别连接所述的太阳能热水器与所述的贮水箱。如附图1所示。According to the solar energy-driven multifunctional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on the building hollow structure described in embodiment 1 or 2, the heating pipeline is connected in parallel with the cooling pipeline, and the heating pipeline is connected with the cooling pipeline. The pipeline is equipped with electronic expansion valves V1-V26, and the opening of the loop is controlled by controlling the valve. The heating pipeline and the cooling pipeline are merged at the entrance of the air conditioning control system at the end, and at the end The outlet of the air-conditioning control system is separated, and respectively connected to the solar water heater and the water storage tank. As shown in Figure 1.
实施例4：Example 4:
根据实施例1或2所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的末端空调控制系统外部装有U型通风通道14，所述的U型通风通道一侧是蒸发冷却通道，所述的U型通风通道位于建筑空心结构24中，所述的建筑空心结构即由空心砖内部空心间隙组成的空心通道，所述的U型通风通道由地坪22和地下部分23合并组成；所述的空心结构的建筑墙体为光伏电板建筑墙体15，所述的光伏电板建筑墙体表面铺设太阳能光伏电池板25，所述的太阳能光伏电池板表面铺设玻璃盖板28，所述的玻璃盖板与所述的太阳能光伏电池板间隙内构成太阳能光伏电板空气间层27，所述的太阳能光伏电板空气间层一侧与太阳能驱动的引风机连接，所述的太阳能光伏电板空气间层另一侧与U型通风通道连接。如附图2、3、6所示。According to the solar energy-driven multifunctional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on the building hollow structure described in embodiment 1 or 2, a U-shaped ventilation channel 14 is equipped outside the described terminal air-conditioning control system, and one side of the U-shaped ventilation channel is an evaporation The cooling channel, the U-shaped ventilation channel is located in the building hollow structure 24, the building hollow structure is a hollow channel composed of hollow spaces inside the hollow bricks, and the U-shaped ventilation channel is combined by the floor 22 and the underground part 23 Composition; the building wall of the hollow structure is a building wall of photovoltaic electric panels 15, the surface of the building wall of photovoltaic electric panels is laid with solar photovoltaic panels 25, and the surface of the solar photovoltaic panels is laid with glass cover plates 28 , the gap between the glass cover plate and the solar photovoltaic panel constitutes an air interlayer 27 of the solar photovoltaic panel, and one side of the air interlayer of the solar photovoltaic panel is connected with a solar-driven induced draft fan, and the The other side of the air interlayer of the solar photovoltaic electric panel is connected with the U-shaped ventilation channel. As shown in Figures 2, 3, and 6.
实施例5：Example 5:
根据实施例1或2所述的基于建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动多功能自然通风空调系统，所述的U型通风通道一侧顶端安装辅助风机，所述的U型通风通道另一侧顶端安装余热回收翅片换热器16，所述的余热回收翅片换热器一端通过循环水路与余热回收循环水泵19连接，所述的余热回收循环水泵的另一端与余热回收板式换热器18连接，所述的余热回收板式换热器的一端与所述的热水环路的太阳能热水器及所述的冷水环路的贮水箱连接所构成的并联环路连接，所述的余热回收板式换热器的另一端与并联环路余热回收循环水泵20连接，所述的并联环路余热回收循环水泵置于并联环路中；所述的U型通风通道在建筑物室内墙体上两处留洞，所述的留洞一个位于靠近地面的墙体上，一个位于靠近顶棚的墙体上，所述的靠近地面的墙体上的留洞安装末端空调控制系统，所述的靠近顶棚的墙体上的留洞安装排风口21。如附图4、5所示。According to the solar-driven multifunctional natural ventilation air-conditioning system based on the building hollow structure described in embodiment 1 or 2, an auxiliary fan is installed at the top of one side of the U-shaped ventilation channel, and waste heat is installed at the top of the other side of the U-shaped ventilation channel. A recovery fin heat exchanger 16, one end of the waste heat recovery fin heat exchanger is connected to the waste heat recovery circulating water pump 19 through a circulating water circuit, and the other end of the waste heat recovery circulating water pump is connected to the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger 18, One end of the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger is connected to the parallel loop formed by connecting the solar water heater of the hot water loop and the water storage tank of the cold water loop, and the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger The other end of the parallel loop waste heat recovery circulating water pump 20 is connected, and the parallel loop waste heat recovery circulating water pump is placed in the parallel loop; the U-shaped ventilation channel leaves two holes on the indoor wall of the building, One of the remaining holes is located on the wall close to the ground, and the other is located on the wall close to the ceiling. The terminal air conditioning control system is installed in the remaining hole on the wall close to the ground. The air outlet 21 is installed in the remaining hole. As shown in Figures 4 and 5.
实施例6：Embodiment 6:
根据实施例1-5所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，包括：风循环流程、蒸发冷却流程，余热回收风循环和太阳能光伏换热，冬季运行时：阀门V1、V3、V4、V5、V18、V19、V20打开，其余阀门关闭，所述的太阳能热水器加热的热水通过所述的热水泵进入所述的末端空调控制系统，吸收室内冷量后，温度降低，通过阀门V15、V18所在的管道回到所述的太阳能热水器中循环加热；夏季运行时，阀门V1、V3、V4、V5、V18、V19、V20关闭，其余阀门打开，所述的贮水箱中的水通过所述的冷水泵进入所述的蒸发冷却通道内带肋片的所述的冷水盘管中，被冷却的冷水进入所述的末端空调控制系统吸收室内热量后，通过阀门V15、V21、V24所在的管道回到所述的贮水箱内循环冷却。According to the ventilation method of the solar energy-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system of the building hollow structure described in the embodiment 1-5, comprising: wind circulation process, evaporative cooling process, waste heat recovery wind circulation and solar photovoltaic heat exchange, during winter operation: valve V1, V3, V4, V5, V18, V19, V20 are opened, and other valves are closed. The hot water heated by the solar water heater enters the terminal air-conditioning control system through the hot water pump. After absorbing the indoor cold, the temperature drops. Through the pipeline where the valves V15 and V18 are located, return to the solar water heater for circulation heating; during summer operation, the valves V1, V3, V4, V5, V18, V19, V20 are closed, and the remaining valves are opened, and the water in the water storage tank The water enters the cold water coil with ribs in the evaporative cooling channel through the cold water pump, and the cooled cold water enters the terminal air-conditioning control system to absorb indoor heat, and passes through the valves V15, V21, The pipeline where V24 is located returns to the water storage tank for circulation and cooling.
实施例7：Embodiment 7:
根据实施例6利用所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，所述的风循环流程是，太阳光辐射至所述的光伏电板建筑墙体表面发电带动所述的太阳能驱动的引风机向所述的光伏电板建筑墙体表面送风，空气与光伏电板表面对流换热，温度升高后被送往所述的U型通风通道中，使气流受烟囱效应作用，在所述的U型通风通道中流动的空气一部分并联通过所述的末端空调控制系统进入建筑物室内，气流组织形式为下送上排的置换通风，空气在室内完成热交换后由于浮升力携带污浊的空气通过所述的排风口排至所述的U型通风通道的另一端。另一部分空气在所述的U型通风通道内做动力循环。According to Embodiment 6, the method of using the solar energy of the hollow structure of the building to drive the ventilation of the natural ventilation air-conditioning system, the wind circulation process is that the sunlight radiates to the surface of the building wall of the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity to drive the solar energy The driven induced draft fan blows air to the surface of the photovoltaic panel building wall, the air convects and exchanges heat with the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and after the temperature rises, it is sent to the U-shaped ventilation channel, so that the airflow is affected by the chimney effect , a part of the air flowing in the U-shaped ventilation channel enters the building room through the terminal air-conditioning control system in parallel, and the airflow organization form is the displacement ventilation of the upper row from the bottom. After the air completes the heat exchange in the room, it is The dirty air is discharged to the other end of the U-shaped ventilation channel through the air outlet. Another part of air performs power circulation in the U-shaped ventilation channel.
实施例8：Embodiment 8:
根据实施例6或7利用所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，所述的蒸发冷却流程是，所述的贮水箱的水通过阀门所在的所述的供冷管道进入所述的蒸发冷却通道内带有肋片的所述的冷水盘管，通过所述的喷淋设备在翅片表面喷淋水雾，所述的喷淋设备安装在所述的U型通风通道一侧，其内部有气流按照ABCD四个指示箭头进行流动，加速肋片上的水分蒸发，湿的肋片上的水分蒸发吸热，致使所述的冷水盘管内水温度降低，通过阀门V9进入所述的末端空调控制系统。According to embodiment 6 or 7, using the solar energy of the building hollow structure to drive the ventilation of the natural ventilation air-conditioning system, the evaporative cooling process is that the water in the water storage tank enters through the cooling pipeline where the valve is located The cold water coil with fins in the evaporative cooling channel sprays water mist on the surface of the fins through the spraying equipment, and the spraying equipment is installed in the U-shaped ventilation channel On one side, the air flow inside it flows according to the four indicating arrows ABCD, which accelerates the evaporation of water on the fins, and the water on the wet fins evaporates and absorbs heat, causing the temperature of the water in the cold water coil to drop, and it enters the water through the valve V9. terminal air conditioning control system.
实施例9：Embodiment 9:
根据实施例6或7或8利用所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，所述的余热回收风循环是，所述的U型通风通道的排风侧设置一台所述的翅片换热器做余热回收，以吸收从所述的U型通风通道排出的空气所携带的能量；余热回收水循环，所述的翅片换热器吸收所述的U型通风通道的空气余热，在所述的余热回收循环水泵的作用下，通过载热介质循环进入所述的余热回收板式换热器，在所述的并联环路循环水泵的作用下，载有余热回收能量的介质通过所述的并联环路阀门的控制进入所述的太阳能热水器或者所述的贮水箱，冬夏两季冷热源侧阀门开启控制为，夏季V27、V29、V30、V31打开，V28关闭，冬季V28、V29、V31打开，V27、 V30关闭。According to Embodiment 6 or 7 or 8, the solar energy-driven natural ventilation air-conditioning system ventilation method using the building hollow structure, the waste heat recovery air circulation is that a set is set on the exhaust side of the U-shaped ventilation channel. The above-mentioned finned heat exchanger performs waste heat recovery to absorb the energy carried by the air discharged from the U-shaped ventilation channel; the waste heat recovery water cycle, the described finned heat exchanger absorbs the energy carried by the U-shaped ventilation channel Air waste heat, under the action of the waste heat recovery circulating water pump, circulates through the heat transfer medium into the waste heat recovery plate heat exchanger, and under the action of the parallel loop circulating water pump, carries waste heat recovery energy The medium enters the solar water heater or the water storage tank through the control of the parallel loop valve. The opening control of the valves on the cold and heat source side in winter and summer is as follows: in summer, V27, V29, V30, and V31 are opened, V28 is closed, and in winter V28, V29, V31 open, V27, V30 close.
实施例10：Example 10:
根据实施例6或7或8或9利用所述的建筑空心结构的太阳能驱动自然通风空调系统通风的方法，所述的太阳能光伏换热是，太阳能光伏电板空气间层内空气和光伏电池板表面对流换热，温度升高后进入所述的U型通风通道，在烟囱效应的热压作用下，促使所述的U型通风通道内的空气循环；在所述的U型通风通道一端设置所述的辅助风机，以解决阴雨天及夜晚所述的U型通风通道内热压不足，烟囱效应不明显，自然通风空气调节效果差、系统无法运行的问题。如附图7所示。According to the method of embodiment 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 utilizing the solar energy of the building hollow structure to drive the ventilation of the natural ventilation air-conditioning system, the solar photovoltaic heat exchange is that the air in the air interlayer of the solar photovoltaic electric panel and the photovoltaic battery panel Surface convection heat exchange, after the temperature rises, it enters the U-shaped ventilation channel, and under the thermal pressure of the chimney effect, the air circulation in the U-shaped ventilation channel is promoted; at one end of the U-shaped ventilation channel, a The auxiliary fan is used to solve the problems of insufficient heat pressure in the U-shaped ventilation channel in cloudy and rainy days and nights, the chimney effect is not obvious, the natural ventilation air conditioning effect is poor, and the system cannot operate. As shown in Figure 7.
Claims (10)
- One kind based on building hollow-core construction Driven by Solar Energy multifunction natural ventilation and air conditioning system, its composition comprises: hot water circuit, cold water loop, it is characterized in that: described hot water circuit comprises solar water heater, described solar water heater is placed in building roof, described solar water heater one end is connected with heat-exchanger pump by heat supply pipeline, described heat-exchanger pump two ends are connected with heat supply pipeline, the described heat supply pipeline other end is connected with end air-conditioner control system, coil pipe is installed in described end air-conditioner control system, described end air-conditioner control system is also connected with the other end of described solar water heater, described end air-conditioner control system is arranged on Indoor environment.
- According to claim 1 based on building hollow-core construction Driven by Solar Energy multifunction natural ventilation and air conditioning system, it is characterized in that: described cold water loop comprises water storage tank, described water storage tank is placed in building roof, described water storage tank one end is connected with water supply pump by cooling pipeline, described water supply pump two ends are connected with cooling pipeline, described cooling pipeline is connected with described heat supply pipeline, the described cooling pipeline other end is connected with chilled water coil one end, described chilled water coil is placed in evaporative cooling passage, fin is arranged on described chilled water coil surface, the described chilled water coil other end is connected with described end air-conditioner control system, described end air-conditioner control system is connected with the other end of described water storage tank, sprinkling equipment is installed in described chilled water coil top, described sprinkling equipment is connected with feeding spraying pump by spray piping, described feeding spraying pump is connected with shower water recover, described sprinkling equipment is to chilled water coil top spraying cooling water, described cooling water is finally recovered in shower water recover.
- According to claim 1 and 2 based on building hollow-core construction Driven by Solar Energy multifunction natural ventilation and air conditioning system, it is characterized in that: described heat supply pipeline is in parallel with described cooling pipeline, described heat supply pipeline and described cooling pipeline are installed electronic expansion valve, by by-pass valve control, carry out the unlatching of control loop, described heat supply pipeline and described cooling pipeline merge in the porch of described end air-conditioner control system, exit at described end air-conditioner control system is separated, connects respectively described solar water heater and described water storage tank.
- 4. according to the Driven by Solar Energy multifunction natural ventilation and air conditioning system based on building hollow-core construction described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: U-shaped vent passages is equipped with in described end air-conditioner control system outside, described U-shaped vent passages one side is evaporative cooling passage, described U-shaped vent passages is arranged in building hollow-core construction, the hollow passageway that described building hollow-core construction is comprised of hollow brick boring gap, described U-shaped vent passages is merged and is formed by ground part and under ground portion; The construction wall of described hollow-core construction is photovoltaic electroplax construction wall, solar photovoltaic cell panel is laid on described photovoltaic electroplax construction wall surface, glass cover-plate is laid on described solar photovoltaic cell panel surface, in described glass cover-plate and described solar photovoltaic cell panel gap, form photovoltaic electroplax air space, described photovoltaic electroplax air space one side is connected with the air-introduced machine of Driven by Solar Energy, and described photovoltaic electroplax air space opposite side is connected with U-shaped vent passages.
- 5. according to the Driven by Solar Energy multifunction natural ventilation and air conditioning system based on building hollow-core construction described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: accessory fan is installed on described U-shaped vent passages one side top, waste heat recovery finned heat exchanger is installed on described U-shaped vent passages opposite side top, described waste heat recovery finned heat exchanger one end is connected with waste heat recovery water circulating pump by circulation waterway, the other end of described waste heat recovery water circulating pump is connected with waste heat recovery plate type heat exchanger, the water storage tank of the solar water heater of one end of described waste heat recovery plate type heat exchanger and described hot water circuit and described cold water loop is connected formed loop in parallel and connects, the other end of described waste heat recovery plate type heat exchanger is connected with loop waste heat recovery water circulating pump in parallel, described loop waste heat recovery water circulating pump in parallel is placed in loop in parallel, the two places box out on Indoor environment body of wall of described U-shaped vent passages, one described of box out is positioned near on the body of wall on ground, one is positioned near on the body of wall of ceiling, end air-conditioner control system is installed in box out on the body of wall on described close ground, and exhaust outlet is installed in the box out on the body of wall of described close ceiling.
- 6. a method of utilizing the Driven by Solar Energy ventilating air-conditioning system ventilation of the building hollow-core construction described in claim 1-5, comprise: wind circulation process, evaporative cooling flow process, the circulation of waste heat recovery wind and photovoltaic heat exchange, it is characterized in that: during winter operation: valve V1, V3, V4, V5, V18, V19, V20 open, all the other valve closings,. the hot water of solar water heater heating passes through. and heat-exchanger pump enters end air-conditioner control system, after the interior cold of absorption chamber, temperature reduces, and by valve V15, V18. pipeline, gets back to circulating-heating in solar water heater; During summer operation, valve V1, V3, V4, V5, V18, V19, V20 close, all the other valve opens, water in water storage tank enters in evaporative cooling passage in the chilled water coil with fin by water supply pump, the cold water being cooled enters after the interior heat of end air-conditioner control system absorption chamber, by the pipeline at valve V15, V21, V24 place, gets back to circulating cooling in water storage tank.
- 7. according to claim 6, utilize the method for the Driven by Solar Energy ventilating air-conditioning system ventilation of described building hollow-core construction, it is characterized in that: described wind circulation process is, solar radiation drives the air-introduced machine of described Driven by Solar Energy to described photovoltaic electroplax construction wall surface air-supply to described photovoltaic electroplax construction wall surface generating, air and photovoltaic electroplax surface heat convection, temperature is sent in described U-shaped vent passages after raising, make air-flow be subject to stack effect effect, air part parallel connection mobile in described U-shaped vent passages enters Indoor environment by described end air-conditioner control system, Air Distribution be under the replacement aeration of the row of serving, air indoor complete heat exchange after because buoyancy lift is carried dirty air and drained into the other end of described U-shaped vent passages by described exhaust outlet, another part air is done power cycle in described U-shaped vent passages.
- 8. according to claim 6 or 7, utilize the method for the Driven by Solar Energy ventilating air-conditioning system ventilation of described building hollow-core construction, it is characterized in that: described evaporative cooling flow process is, the described cooling pipeline of the water of described water storage tank by valve place enters in described evaporative cooling passage the described chilled water coil with fin, by described sprinkling equipment in fin surface spray water mist, described sprinkling equipment is arranged on described U-shaped vent passages one side, its inside has air-flow to flow according to tetra-arrows of ABCD, accelerate the moisture evaporation on fin, moisture evaporation endothermic on wet fin, cause coolant-temperature gage in described chilled water coil to reduce, by valve V9, enter described end air-conditioner control system.
- 9. according to claim 6 or 7 or 8, utilize the method for the Driven by Solar Energy ventilating air-conditioning system ventilation of described building hollow-core construction, it is characterized in that: described waste heat recovery wind circulation is, the finned heat exchanger that the air draft side of described U-shaped vent passages arranges described in one is done waste heat recovery, to absorb the entrained energy of air of discharging from described U-shaped vent passages, waste heat recovery water circulation, described finned heat exchanger absorbs the air waste heat of described U-shaped vent passages, under the effect of described waste heat recovery water circulating pump, by heat-carrying agent, circulate and enter described waste heat recovery plate type heat exchanger, under the effect of described loop water circulating pump in parallel, the medium that is loaded with waste heat recovery energy enters described solar water heater or described water storage tank by the control of described loop valve in parallel, the Cooling and Heat Source side valve opening control of two season of summer in winter is, summer V27, V29, V30, V31 opens, V28 closes, winter V28, V29, V31 opens, V27, V30 closes.
- 10. according to claim 6 or 7 or 8 or 9, utilize the method for the Driven by Solar Energy ventilating air-conditioning system ventilation of described building hollow-core construction, it is characterized in that: described photovoltaic heat exchange is, air and surface of photovoltaic cell panel heat convection in photovoltaic electroplax air space, temperature enters described U-shaped vent passages after raising, under the hot pressing function of stack effect, impel the air circulation in described U-shaped vent passages; Described accessory fan is set in described U-shaped vent passages one end, and not enough to solve in the U-shaped vent passages described in overcast and rainy and night hot pressing, stack effect is not obvious, the problem that gravity-flow ventilation air conditioning weak effect, system cannot be moved.
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